phylum porifera. means “pore-bearer” radial summetry sessile as adults includes sponges…not...
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Phylum Porifera
Phylum Porifera• Means “pore-bearer”• Radial summetry• Sessile as adults• Includes sponges…not very complex
(no tissues/organs/systems)• Life functions take place at cell level.• Outer layer of cells, inner layer of cells
“jelly” in between (mesohyl)
• Some have spicules (CaCO3) for support/structure.
Phylum Porifera• Water goes in through holes in
side (ostia) and out through the top hole (osculum)
• Cells called choanocytes (collarcells) have flagella that move the water and filter out bits of organic material
• Amoebocytes move the food around the mesohyl
Phylum Porifera• Reproduce by:
– regeneration (broken parts grow new ones)
– budding (new one grows off of old one, eventually separates)
– gemmule (when conditions bad, makes a ball of
amoebocytes)– sexually by egg and sperm
(hermaphroditic) swimming larva
Phylum Porifera
Phylum Cnidaria• Radial symmetry• A few tissues and organs• Includes hydra, jellyfish, coral,
sea anemones, Portuguese man of war
• 2 shapes during lifetime;– Medusa (bell shape, motile)– Polyp (tube shape, sessile)
Phylum Cnidaria• Outer and inner layer of cells
– epidermis … “outside skin”– gastrodermis … “stomach skin”
• Central gastrovascular cavity surrounded by tentacles with stinging cells (cnidocytes)
• Nerve net for body control…not a brain, but some cells that work together for motion
Phylum Cnidaria• Classes:
– Hydrozoa (polyp is adult form)•Portugese Man of War, Hydra, Obelia,
– Cubozoa (box jellies)– Scyphozoa (“cup animals” medusa
is adult form)•Sea jellies
– Anthozoa (“flower animals”)•Sea anemone, coral
Hydra (Class Hydrozoa)
budding
Obelia (Class Hydrozoa)
Class Hydrozoa
Aurelia (Class Scyphozoa)
juvenile adult
Sea Jelly (Class Scyphozoa)
Sea Jellies (Class Scyphozoa)
Sea Jellies (Class
Scyphozoa)
Sea Jellies (Class Scyphozoa)
Sea Anemone (Class Anthozoa)
Coral (Class Anthozoa)
Coral (Class Anthozoa)
Coral (Class Anthozoa)
Box jelly (Class
Cubozoa)
Box Jelly (Class Cubozoa)
Box Jelly (Class
Cubozoa)
Portugese Man of War (Class Hydrozoa)
Portugese Man of War (Class Hydrozoa)
Phylum Ctenophora• Comb jellies• Similar to sea jellies, except:
– No cnidocysts on tentacles… sticky cell instead of stinging
ones (colloblasts)– Move via cilia in rows on outside
(not pulsing)– Bioluminescence: an algae
symbiotically lives inside
Phylum Ctenophora
Phylum Ctenophora
Phylum Ctenophora
Phylum Ctenophor
a
Videos:• Sea jelly in motion:
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bp8NlQUeTq8&feature=related
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPWGF-51QX4• Sea anemone feeding:
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o1A5acWEERA&feature=related
• Coral eating:– http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=Rqhp_RtP44Q&feature=related • Comb jellies:
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G7WT81ukHZE – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9MppQlAykg – http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icKB9EfURhQ