Lesson 1 Wave Front - a line that represents an advancing wave Circular Waves - waves with linear wave fronts Ray - arrow that points out the direction of propagation Lesson 2 Transverse Waves - Particles are displaced perpendicular to the direction of propagation Longitudal Waves - Particles are displaced parallel of the direction of wave propagation

y

Free end - reflection is on the same place Heavier string, slower velocity

y

Lesson 4 The Huygens-Fresnel Principle Every point on an advancing wave front may be considered to be the source of secondary wavelets, and the envelope of the new wavelets may be considered the new wave front. Lesson 5 All particles within one wavelength vibrate with the same frequency and amplitude but there is a phase that leads one particle to the next. y Particles which are one wavelength apart vibrate exactly in phase y Particles which are half a wavelength apart vibrate exactly out of phase, that is when on particle is moving down, the other is moving up and vice versa.

y - Wavelength Lesson 3 Wave - transport of energy through a medium y Mechanical - when an object (as a medium) is required y Electromagnetic - no medium Waves on a string: y y Travels at a constant speed More stretching, faster speed y Fixed end reflection

Wavelength - distance between two successive particles, which are vibrating in phase Period - time for one vibration Frequency - How many times waves/vibrations occur in one second (Hz or Hertz) P - 1/F F - 1/T V - F (General Wave Frequency) Lesson 6 Simple Pendulum y The bob has a regular shape and does not wiggle and rotate y The string does not stretch while moving y The point of suspension does not move y The maximum angle in not greater than 15 Properties of Waves

Bigger Obstacle than Shadowed Region

= Bigger

Refraction - Waves changing medium; Change in speed; Sometimes, there is a bending of waves When the waves slow down in the 2nd Medium, the waves bend toward the normal. When the waves go faster in the 2nd Medium, the wave bends away from the normal. Snell s Law - n = 1/ 2 = V1/V2 = Sin