physics case of spiral 2 and eurisol

Paris, November 2004M. Lewitowicz NuPECC meeting

Physics case of SPIRAL Physics case of SPIRAL 22 and and EURISOLEURISOL

SPIRAL2 and EURISOL facilities

Available Beams

Physics Case

Conclusions

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting

C

Source

UCx2000°C

diffusion / effusiondeuterons40 MeV neutrons

1+ n+

C

Source

UCx2000°C

diffusion / effusiondeuterons40 MeV neutrons

1+ n+

2. Fusion reaction with n-rich beams

1. Fission products (with converter)

4. N=Z Isol+In-flight5. Transfermiums In-flight

3. Fission products (without converter)

Primary beams: deuterons heavy ions

7. High Intensity Light RIB

6. SHE

8. Deep Inelastic Reactions with RNB

Intermediate step between existing ISOL RIB facilities, and future projects like EURISOL or RIA.

Heavy-Ion driver (A/Q=3, 14.5 AMeV, up to 1mA)

1013-1014 fissions/s

M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004NuPECC meeting NuPECC meeting M. Lewitowicz Paris, November 2004

CIME Cyclotron RNB (fission-fragments)

E < 6-7 MeV/u

Production Cave

C converter+UCx target

> 1013 fiss./s

SC - LINACE = 14.5 AMeV

HI A/Q=3E = 40 MeV - 2H

Low energy RNB

ECRIS-HI 1mA

“SILHI-deut.” 5mA

Investment: 72MEurosFirst beam: 2009


10-1

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

1010

1011

1012

70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150

SPIRAL2

ZnKrSrCdSnXe

A136Sn: ~1/min

Relatively easy beams:Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Kr, Rb, Ag, Cd, In,Sb, I, Xe, Cs

Accelerated Beam Intensities (pps) Examples

Accelerated Beam Intensities (pps) Examples

www.ganil.fr/research/developmens/spiral2


Operation of

SPIRAL2 & GANIL


Two beams:100µA5mA

Experimental area

EURISOL Driver as proposed today :1GeV proton SC-LINAC, up to 5mA

(light heavy-ion option under consideration)

Investment : 613MEurosFirst beam : > 2015


Low energy (<670 keV/u)

Astrophysics (<3.2 MeV/u)

Medium energy (<18 MeV/u)

High energy (<100 MeV/u)

EURISOL - Post Accelerator & Experimental Area lay-out


Kr isotopes

Inte

nsit

y (

pp

s)

SPIRAL 2 & EURISOL yields after acceleration compared to other ISOL facilities

Mass Number


Inte

nsit

y (

pp

s)

EURISOL & FAIR yields after acceleration compared to other ISOL facilities

Mass Number

EURISOL

FAIR


Spins&Shapes

Position ofdrip-lines

N=Z

rp-process

Heavy and Super Heavy Elements

r-process path

Haloes & Structures in the Continuum

Equation of State

The Physics case of SPIRAL 2 & EURISOL

Spins & Shapes

Production of isotopesBeta beamsNeutrons for science

Shell structure far from stability


Physics with Radioactive Ion BeamsReactions & Rates (From 0 to 100

MeV/n)

2000 2010


Nuclear Physics with SPIRAL 2 Beams:

Examples

Shells and shapes

r-process Masses & half-lives

Capture cross sections

N=Z nuclei

Halo nuclei (Ex. fusion and transfer reactions)

Clusters and molecules

Heavy nuclei& SHE


36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70

Ni 28Cu 29

Zn 30Ga 31Ge 32As 33

Se 34Br 35

Kr 36Rb 37

Sr 38Y 39Zr 40

Nb 41Mo42

Tc 43Ru 44

Rh 45

75

Pd 46Ag 47

Cd 48In 49

Sn 50Sb 51

Te 52I 53

Xe 54Cs 55

Ba 56La 57Ce 58Pr 59Nd 60Pm 61Sm 62Eu 63Gd 64Tb 65Dy 66Ho 67

62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86

88 90

92

94 9698

100

102

6465

7071

76

8281

86878889

9693

10099

104

103

110

109

116

115

124

123

130

127

136

133

138

139

142

141

150

154

153

90

98 100

145

145

146

Quadrupole deformation zone

Spherical

robust gaps

160

159

164

165

Octupole

deformation

« Gaps »

Spherical

fragile gaps

Deformed gaps

132

78

Fission regionFission region

E2+ Z=38-48

0

400

800

1200

1600

2000

2400

48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76

N

Sr Z=38

Zr Z=40

Mo Z=42

Ru Z=44

Pd Z=46

Cd Z=48


Shape coexistence

HF+BCS calculations F. Becker, P.Bonche, P.H. Heenen

oblate prolate

74Kr

E(M

eV)

Z


gs band prolate: first measurement

Oblate excited 2+ state2

On-line Doppler corrected spectrum

76Kr

E. Bouchez et al.

74Kr(3.5 AMeV) +208Pb

Q = -1.45(35)

Q = -1.41(16) Q = 1.35(19)

Q = -0.55(18)

Coulex calculations : GOSIA

QuickTime™ et undécompresseur MPEG-4 Video

sont requis pour visionner cette image.

QuickTime™ et undécompresseur Sorenson Video 3


Shape coexistence

Results of SPIRAL experiments


Neutron-rich nuclei as high-spin probes

Key experiments possible with SPIRAL2/EURISOL and the AGATA array

A search for hyperdeformation: For the reaction 132Sn (109/ 1010 pps) + 48Ca -> 180Yb*,

the cross section for forming a compound nucleus with angular momentum L ≥ 70 is

expected to be around 100 mb, leading to some 108 /109 high-spin events per day.

Adopted from EURISOL Report 2003


QuickTime™ et undécompresseur TIFF (non compressé)


rp p

roce

ss

r process

Future intensities (nuc/s)> 1012

1010

106

102

10-2

10-6

neutrons

protons

X-ray burst (RXTE)

331

330

329

328

327

Fre

quen

c y (

Hz)

10 15 20Time (s)

4U1728-34

Metal poor halo stars (Keck, HST)

Z

E0102-72.3

Supernova

EC

crust processes

p process

Courtesy of H. Schatz

Masses, half-lives, Pn values, isomeric states, neutron and proton capture cross sections...


GSIProj. + 208Pb,209Bi

Nresidue (1n)

Dubna48Ca + Actin.

115 28887 ms

113 2840.48 s

111 2803.6 s

Mt 2760.72 s

Bh 2729.8 s

Db 26816 h

115 28732 ms

113 283100 ms

111 279170 ms

Mt 2759.7 ms

Bh 271

Db 26773 min

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2sp

2sp

2sp

2sp

2sp

2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2sp

2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2

sp2 sp

2sp

2sp

2sp

2 Kr/Xe + Hf/Xe

Kr/Xe + Lu/I

Kr/Sr/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Yb/Er/Ba/Cs/I/Te

Kr/Sr/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Tm/Ho/Cs/Xe/Te/Sb

Kr/Sr/Cd/Sn/Sb/I/Xe + Er/Dy/Ba/Xe/I/Sb/Sn

SPIRAL 2:

90,91Kr/137-140Xe ≈ 1010 pps92-98Sr / 118-123Cd ≈ 108 pps128-132Sn / 127-133Sb / 134-137I ≈ 109 pps


(~ 1015n/s/cm2 in 1 x 4 cm)

Neutrons for science - NFS Neutrons for science - NFS « IFMIF like » neutron source: High intensity neutron source for material science (for fusion reactors like ITER).

(replaced by a carbon wheel)

(1014n/s/cm2)

Spiral 2 should be able to provide comparable flux densities (~ 5 -10 lower) and similar neutron energy spectrum.

2x2 cm2


Medical

radioisotopes

from EURISOL

Adopted from EURISOL Report 2003


For «ISOL» RNB facilities the planned SPIRAL2 project at GANIL, the proposal

SPES at Legnaro and the upgrade of REX-ISOLDE at CERN as well as DRIBS,

EXCYT, L-la-N, MAFF… will ensure the European leadership in the near future and

prepare the ground for EURISOL.

Next major steps:

- Green light for the construction of SPIRAL 2 (in the coming months)

- The funding through the 6th FW EU program of an “EURISOL design study”

which includes major R&D (Accepted, 9.1MEuros requested)

- Start the discussions to establish the partners and the site location of this new

facility.

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

physics case of spiral 2 and eurisol

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