Physics Lab Presentation

Physics Lab PresentationPresenter : 1) Kautham Thamilarasu TB 14002 2) Muhamad Fadzil Bin Che Ani TB 14022 3) Muhammad Hanif Ikhwan Bin Razali TB 14024

ENVIRONMENTAL/SAFETY IMPACTS OF SELECTED INDUSTRIES

Selected ExperimentHookes LawBarometryHookes Law Experiment

What is the purpose/ objective of this experiment ? To determine the spring constants of helical springsTo measure the elongation of a rubber band

Introduction & Theory The extension of a material is proportional to the load applied in Newtons, this is only when a material is still within its elastic potential. If a force is applied the material extends by a certain amount, if the force is doubled then the extensions experienced by the material is also doubled. While within its elastic potential the material will return to its original shape when the force applied is removed. Once a material has passed its elastic potential the extension exponentially increase when more force is applied and will not return to its original shape when the force applied is removed.The force applied can also be referred to as stress or strain that acts upon the material, where stress is within the material and strain is the force responsible for the stress.The stretching of a spring can be used as a good example of the first law of thermodynamics (similar to the law of conservation of energy). For example: when a mass is added to a hanging spring the gravitational potential energy stored in the mass is used to extend the spring, thereby converting it into elastic potential energy. Once the mass is removed the elastic potential energy gets used to return the spring to its original shape. The only energy lost during this is due to heat loss to natural friction.

Literature Review With no weight added to the spring there is no extension.When a force is added the spring extends.The mass added can be used to calculate the force applied with the formula: F = m g, where m is the mass added (in Kg) and g is the force due to gravity (9.81 NKg).When adding known masses and recording the extension in a table will allow a graph showing the extension against the force applied can be produced to show the linear relationship.When too much mass is added the relationship will no longer be linear, it will produce a curved line on a graph

The real world application of these experiments towards industries/advance technologies

GunKeyboard MatressHow do you propose to improve it?The thicker the spring the better quality (Material)Smaller diameter spring can increase the quality of springConclusionOverall, the experiment succeeded in showing that gases are in static equilibrium when the quotients of force, F and area, A has the same value of all points. We were also listed down the possibility to produce equilibrium for both syringes. We obtained that theoretically and experimentally the same results which we only need small effort for small area of syringe to produce a greater force on the large area of syringe. In addition, the experimental error also occur throughout the experiment when the instrument that we used not produced an accurate reading of the scale of the syringes and also been interrupted by others factors.

BAROMETRY EXPERIMENT

What is the purpose/ objective of this experiment ? Demonstrate that gases are in a static equilibrium when the quotients of force F and area A, has the same value at all points.

Introduction & Theory Literature Review Pressure is equal to the force divided by the area on which it acts.This fundamental characteristic of fluids provides the foundation for hydraulic systems found in barbershop chairs, construction equipment, and the brakes in your car.The force applied to the contained fluid is distributed throughout the system, we can multiply the applied force through this application of Pascals Principle in the following manner.In a hydraulic system a pressure exerted on a piston produces an equal increase in pressure on another piston in the system.

The real world application of these experiments towards industries/advance technologiesMechanical advantage(leverage)Hydraulic force multiplication

a small torque can be transmitted into a large force.pressure in the system is the same, the force that the fluid gives to the surroundings is therefore equal to pressure area.Hydraulic drive

Hydraulic press machine

How do you propose to improve it?Electric drive systems using electric servo-motors can be controlled in an excellent way and can easily compete with rotating hydraulic drive systems.Choosing a multi-grade hydraulic fluid with a high viscosity indexConclusionHooke's Law says that the stretch of a spring is directly proportional to the applied force. (Engineers say "Stress is proportional to strain".) In symbols, F = kx , where F is the force, x is the stretch, and k is a constant of proportionality. If Hooke's Law is correct, then, the graph of force versus stretch will be a straight line.

http://global.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/445445/Pascals-principlehttp://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/WindTunnel/Activities/Pascals_principle.htmlhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A3ormYVZMXE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dnebaW-a338https://hookeslawblog.wordpress.com/2-diagram/http://auto.howstuffworks.com/auto-parts/brakes/brake-types/brake3.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_drive_systemhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vof0sPdVeQE

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