physics paper 1 - trial paper collection · pdf file960/1 *this question paper is confidential...

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JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR Instructions to candidates : DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. There are fifty questions in this paper. For each question four suggested answers are given. Choose one correct answer and indicate it on the multiple choice answer sheet provided. Read the instructions on the multiple choices answer sheet very carefully. Answer all questions. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers. The total score for this paper is the number of correctly answered questions.

This question paper consists of 18 printed pages .

PHYSICS PAPER 1

1 43 hours

JABATAN PELAJARAN NEGERI TERENGGANU

960/1

TRIAL 2009

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2

Physics 960

Constants value

speed of light in vacuum

permeability of vacuum

permittivity of vacuum

magnitude of electron charge

Planck constant

atomic mass unit constant

electron rest mass

proton rest mass

molar gas constant

Avogadro constant

Boltzmann constant

gravitational constant

free fall acceleration

c

µo

εo

e

h

u

me

mp

R

L, NA

k

G

g

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

3.00 x 108 m s-1

4π x 10-7 H m-1

8.85 x 10-12 F m-1

[1/(36 π)] x 10-9 F m-1

1.60 x 10-19 C

6.63 x 10-34 J s

1.66 x 10-27 kg

9.11 x 10-31 kg

1.67 x 10-27 kg

8.31 J K-1 mol-1

6.02 x 1023 mol-1

1.38 x 10-23 J K-1

6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg-2

9.81 m s-2

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960/1 [Turn Over] *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over CONFIDENTIAL

3

1. The Young’s modulus E of a solid is given by

oleAF

strainstressE

//

==

Where F= force A= area of cross section e = extension 0l = initial length The dimensions of Young’s modulus are the same as A pressure B force constant C force D impulse 2 A ball of weight W slides along a smooth horizontal surface until it falls off the edge at time T. Which graph represent how the resultant vertical force F, acting on the ball, varies with time t as the ball moves from position X to position Y? F F A B W 0 t 0 t T -W F F C D W 0 t 0 t T -W

X

Y

T

T

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3 Two block, X and Y of masses m and 2m respevticely are accelerated along a smooth horizontal surface by a force F applied to block X as shown in the diagram What is the magnitude of the force exerted by block Y on block X during this acceleration?

A 3F

B 3

2F C

2F

D 0

4 A small mass metal sphere of mass m is moving trough a viscous liquid. When it reaches a constant downward velocity ν , which of the following describes the change with time in the kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy of the sphere? Kinetic energy Gravitational potential energy

A Constant and equal to 2

21 mv Decrease at a rate of ( 2

21 mvmgv − )

B Constant and equal to 2

21 mv Decrease at a rate of mgv

C Increases at a rate of mgv Decrease at a rate of mgv

D Increases at a rate of mgv Decrease at a rate of ( mgvmv −2

21

)

5 A particle moves with constant speed in a horizontal circle. Which of the following quantities is

zero? A Resultant force B Angular acceleration C Angular velocity D Centripetal acceleration

Y X

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6 A mass of 0.05 kg is attached to one end of a piece of elastic of unstreched length 0.50 m. The force constant of the elastic is 140 −Nm . The mass is rotated steadily on a smooth table in a horizontal circle of radius 0.70 m as shown below What is the approximate speed of the mass? A 120 −ms 2 B 124 −ms C 111 −ms D 115 −ms 7 A small ball of weight W is suspended by a light thread. When a strong wind blows horizontally, exerting a constant force F on the ball, the thread makes an angle θ to the vertical as shown

θ

F W Which equation correctly relates ,θ F and W ?

A WF

=θcos

B WF

=θsin

C WF

=θtan

D FW

=θtan

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8 The diagram below shows a piece of inextensible string which passes trough a pulley. The pulley has a radius of 0.05 m and moments of inertia 24100.6 kgm−× . The end Q is held such that an object P of mass 0.2 kg is stationary at a height of 0.2 m from the floor. P Q 0.2 m If end Q is released and the pulley is rough enough to prevent the string from slipping, find the speed of P when it touches the floor.

A 135.1 −ms B 123.1 −ms C 101.1 −ms D 148.1 −ms 9 The gravitational potential energy PE of a body varies with its distance r from the centre of a planet as shown in the diagram below PE 0 r What does the gradient at any point on the curve present? A the gravitational potential at that value of r B the gravitational field strength at that value of r C the acceleration of the body towards the planet D the force pulling the body towards the planet

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10 On the ground, the gravitational force on a satellite is W. What is the gravitational force on the satellite when at a height R/50, where R is the radius of the earth A A 1.02 W B 1.04 W C 0.96 W D 0.98 W

11 A particle of mass m performs simple harmonic motion with an amplitude a and a frequency f. The total energy of this simple harmonic motion is

A 2222 fmaπ B 222 fma C 22

21 fma D 222 fma

12 Which of the following statements is true for a damped system of oscillation ?

A The oscillating amplitude is maximum when forced frequency is almost the same as the natural frequency B The system does not oscillate at its natural frequency C When resonance takes place, the system does not lose energy D Damping causes the oscillating frequency to become gradually smaller 13 Which of the following correctly summarizes what happens when light waves of frequency f and

wavelength λ move from air to glass ? f λ A increases decreases B remains the same remains the same C remains the same decreases D decreases remains the same 14 To recieve FM waves of frequency 100 MHz, the total length of a bipolar half-wave aerial most suitable for use is A 0.75 m B 1.00 m C 1.50 m D 2.25 m 15 The fact that light waves are transverse wave can be shown by A diffraction B polarization C interference D Doppler effect E photoelectric effect

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16 A wire under increasing tension, undergoes extension as shown in the graph.

How much work is done on the wire to cause an extension of 9 mm ? A 0.72 J B 0.43 J C 0.36 J D 0.29 J 17 A steel wire has an original length of l , cross-sectional area of A, and Young modulus of E. The

force constant can be expressed as

A l

AE B

EAl

C AlE

D AEl

18 Equation W = p (V2 – V1) represents the work done by a gas during A free expansion B isothermal expansion C adiabatic expansion D expansion at constant pressure 19 Find the work done when 3 moles of an ideal gas is expanded from 4 dm 3 to 6 dm 3 at 400 K A 8 kJ B -4kJ C 4kJ D 6kJ 20 The specific heat capacity at constant volume for an ideal gas is 2.4 x 102 J kg-1 K-1. The change in the internal energy of 5.0 x 10-3 kg of the gas when the temperature of the gas is increase from 27o C to 327oC is A 32 J B 49 J C 180 J D 360 J

0

20 - 40 - 60 -

20 -

80 -

Tension/ N

Extension / mm 10 5

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21 A ln p (pressure) against ln V (volume) graph is sketched as shown. What is the quantity represented by the gradient of the straight line ? A - γ B γ C Change in internal energy D Change in heat energy 22 An ideal gas is expanded at constant pressure, then cooled at constant volume, and finally compressed adiabatically until it is returned to its original state. Which graph shows the changes which occur to the gas? A B C D

ln p

ln V 0

P

V

V

P

P

V V

P

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23 A composite rod consists of a rod P and a rod Q where P is a better thermal conductor. The ends M and N are maintained at constant temperatures TM and TN respectively where TM > TN. If the composite rod is well insulated, which of the following graphs shows the variation of temperature, θ along the composite rod? A B C D 24 Which of the following statements is true about electrically equipotentials surfaces? A The charge density is uniform B No work is done to move a charge along an equipotential surface C The electric field at any point on the equipotentials surface is zero

D There is no electric potential difference between 2 nearby electrically equipotential surfaces.

P Q

M

T N

T N M

θ

TN

TM

T N M

θ

TN

TM

T N M

θ

TN

TM

T N M

θ

TN

TM

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C1

C2

+ -

+ -

Drift velocity

Potential difference

Drift velocity


Drift velocity


Drift velocity


A B

D C

25 Figure shows two capacitors are connected as shown. A capacitor 1C with a capacitance of Fµ4 is charged to Cµ200 and another capacitor 2C with a capacitance of Fµ3 is charged to .300 Cµ The total energy lost in the two capacitor are A 0 B J3100.2 −× C J2108.1 −× D J2100.2 −× 26 Which graph best represent the variation in the drift velocity of the electrons in a uniform copper wire as the potential difference across the wire changed? (Assume temperature of the wire remains constant) 27 The resistance of a piece of pure silicon decreases rapidly with increasing temperature because A the charge carriers move rapidly B the number of charge carriers increases C the ratio of negative charge carriers to positive charge carriers increases D the ratio of positive charge carriers to negative charge carriers increases

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28 Kirchhoff’s two laws for electric circuits can be derived by using certain conservation laws. On which conservation laws do Kirchhoff’s law depend?

Kirchhoff’s first law Kirchhoff’s second law A charge current B charge energy C current mass D energy current

29 The diagram below shows a model of an atom in which two electrons move around a nucleus in a circular orbit. The electrons complete one full orbit in s15100.1 −× . What is the current caused by the motion of the electrons in the orbit? A A34106.1 −× B A34102.3 −× C A4106.1 −× D A4102.3 −× 30 An electron moving with uniform velocity enters a magnetic field which is perpendicular to its direction. The electron will then move A in a straight line as before B in a straight line parallel to the magnetic field C in a circle at a plane normal to the magnetic field D in a parabola at a plane normal to the magnetic field 31 Three straight conductors X, Y and Z are carrying currents of the same magnitude as shown. Which of the following represents the resultants force acting on the conductor X?

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reactance

frequency

P

Q

32 The e.m.f induced in a coil of wire, which is rotating in a magnetic field, does not depend on A the area of the coil B the resistance of the coil C the angular speed of rotation D the number of turns on the coil 33 When the speed of an electric motor is increased due to a decreasing load, the current flowing through it decreases. Which of the following is the best explanation of this? A The induced back e.m.f increases B The resistance of the coil changes C Frictional forces increased as the speed increases D At high speeds it is more difficult to feed current into the motor 34 Graph shows the variation of reactance and frequency of an alternating current flowing through two electrical components P and Q. What are the components P and Q ?

Component P Component Q A capacitor resistor B inductor resistor C inductor capacitor D resistor capacitor

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iV

time

0V

time

0V

time

A 0V

time

0V

time

B

C D

35 Figure shows an op-amp acting as an integrator with negative feedback. Choose 0V for the shown

iV .

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36 Which of the following is true about the difference between an electromagnetic wave and a mechanical wave?

Electromagnetic wave Mechanical wave A Cannot produce stationary waves Can produce stationary waves B Longitudinal waves only Longitudinal or transverse waves C Cannot propagate in vacuum Propagates in vacuum D Travel with a speed almost the same Travel with a speed less than that or the same as speed of light of light 37 An object is placed 5 cm from a convex mirror with a radius of curvature of 20 cm. The image formed is

A 3.3 cm in front of the mirror and is diminished B 3.3 cm behind the mirror and is enlarged C 4 cm in front of the mirror and is diminished D 4 cm behind the mirror and is enlarged

38 Two waves are said to be coherent if both the waves have A the same phase B the same amplitude C the same frequency D the same wavelength 39 In a Young’s double slit experiment, when the distance between the slits and screen is increased A the fringe separation decreases the maximum intensity of bridge fringes decreases B the fringe separation decreases the maximum intensity of bridge fringes increases C the fringe separation increases the maximum intensity of bridge fringes decreases D the fringe separation increases the maximum intensity of bridge fringes increases

40 Which of the following is true based on the photoelectric effect? A The emission of electrons will not occur for very low light intensity. B The number of electrons produced per second does not depend on the intensity of light. C The maximum velocity of the electrons increases when the wavelength of light decreases. D The average kinetic energy of the electrons decreases when the frequency of light increases.

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41 When light of wavelength 350 nm is incidented on a metal surface, photoelectrons with maximum kinetic energy 2.0 eV are emitted from the surface. What is the maximum wavelength of light that can emit photoelectrons from the metal?

A 200 nm B 580 nm C 620 nm D 802 nm 42 What is the maximum possible number of emission spectral lines produced by an atom which has

five distinct energy levels only? A 4 B 6 C 10 D 12 43 From Bohr’s theory for hydrogen atom, the n-th energy level in eV is given by

...,3,2,1,6.132

=−= nn

En

What is the wavelength of a photon which is absorbed to excite an electron from ground state to the level n = 4? A 1.36 x 10-9 m B 9.15 x 10-8 m C 9.54 x 10-8 m D 1.46 x 10-6 m 44 When the potential difference of an X-ray tube increases, the intensity of the K characteristic line increases because A more electrons cause the transition which produces the K characteristic line B the frequency corresponding to the K characteristic line has increased C the number of electrons escapes from the filament has increased D anode temperature in the X-ray tube has increased 45 Which of the following is not true of the charge of an electron ? A It is measured in Coulombs B Its has the same magnitude as the charge of a proton C It has the same magnitude as the charge of a beta particle D It can only be determined by experiment when its mass is given

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46 In the mass spectrometer shown in the figure above, the ions which follow paths P1 and P2 always have

A the same charge B the same speed C the same mass D the same acceleration

47 The table below shows the count rate of a radioactive source at different times at a location.

Time(hours) Count rate (count per second )

With source Without source10 60 2020 30 2030 20 20

Determine the half-life of the source based on the data given in the table. A 5 hours B 10 hours C 12 hours D 18 hours 48 At time t = 0 minute, 16 mg of a radioactive element X of half life 4.0 minutes is inserted into a closed container. At time t = 8.0 minute, 8 mg of the radioactive element X is added into the container. What is the mass of the radioactive element X left in the container at time t = 12.0 minutes ? A 2 mg B 3 mg C 6 mg D 8 mg 49 The energy of the sun is acquired through A the liberation of energy from unstable nuclei B the liberation of helium nuclei to form hydrogen nuclei C the fission of uranium nuclei by neutrons D the fusion of hydrogen nuclei to form helium nuclei

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50 A strong nuclear force A abides by the inverse square law B is short range C is repulsive if the charge of the particles are of the same type D is an electrostatic force

END OF QUESTION PAPER.

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960/2 *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over CONFIDENTIAL*

Name : ………………………………………………… NRIC : ………………………… JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR Instructions to candidates :

This question paper consists of 15 printed pages

Answer all the questions in Section A in the spaces provided. Answer any four questions from section B. For this section, write your answers on the answer s heets pr ovided. B egin each answer on a f resh sheet of paper. Answers should be i llustrated by l arge, c learly labeled diagrams wherever suitable. Answers may be written in either Malay or English. Arrange y our ans wer i n num erical or der and tie the answer sheets to this booklet.

For examiner’s use Section Marks Marks

Obtained

A

1 5 2 5 3 5 4 5 5 5 6 5 7 5 8 5

B

9 15 10 15 11 15 12 15 13 15 14 15

TOTAL 100

TRIAL 2009

JABATAN PELAJARAN NEGERI TERENGGANU

960/2

PHYSICS PAPER 2

2 ½ hours

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2

Physics 960

Constants value

speed of light in vacuum

permeability of vacuum

permittivity of vacuum

magnitude of electron charge

Planck constant

atomic mass unit constant

electron rest mass

proton rest mass

molar gas constant

Avogadro constant

Boltzmann constant

gravitational constant

free fall acceleration

c

µo

εo

e

h

u

me

mp

R

L, NA

k

G

g

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

3.00 x 108 m s-1

4π x 10-7 H m-1

8.85 x 10-12 F m-1

[1/(36 π)] x 10-9 F m-1

1.60 x 10-19 C

6.63 x 10-34 J s

1.66 x 10-27 kg

9.11 x 10-31 kg

1.67 x 10-27 kg

8.31 J K-1 mol-1

6.02 x 1023 mol-1

1.38 x 10-23 J K-1

6.67 x 10-11 N m2 kg-2

9.81 m s-2

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960/2 [Turn Over] *This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over CONFIDENTIAL*

3

1. A water wheel has eight bucket equally spaced around its circumference as shown in diagram below. 045 1.8 m The wheel makes six revolution per minute. Calculate

(a) the total change in potential energy of the water in the buckets in one revolution of the wheel. [2]

(b) the average input power to the wheel [2] (c) Suggest why a larger number of small bucket is preferred to a smaller number of large bucket

containing the same total mass of water

[1]

Water

4

6

5

2

1

8

7 3

Water

Full, bucket Empty bucket

Direction of rotation

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2. The figure below illustrates a mass which can be made to vibrate vertically between two springs.

The vibrator itself has constant amplitude. As the frequency is varied, the amplitude of vibration of the mass is seen to change as shown in Fig 3A

Fig 3A (a) Name the phenomenon which is illustrated in Fig 3A. [1] (b) For the mass vibrating at maximum amplitude, calculate the angular frequency.

[2] (c) A light piece of card is fixed to the mass with its plane horizontal. On Fig 3A, draw a curve to show the new variation with frequency of the amplitude of vibration of the mass. [1] (d) State one situation in which the phenomenon illustrated in Fig 3A is used to advantage.

[1]

variable frequency vibrator

mass

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3 A uniform copper rod with thermal conductivity 380 W m-1 K-1 which is perfectly insulated has a

cross-sectional area of 2.50 cm2 and length 20.0 cm. Heat is conducted by the copper rod. When the steady state is achieved, the temperatures at the ends of the rod are 130 oC and 20 oC.

Calculate

(a) the rate of heat flow in the rod.

[3] (b) the temperature 15.0 cm from the hot end. [2]

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4 (a) Electrical conduction in a metal can be explained in terms of motion of free electrons. State the

estimated values at room temperature for mean random velocity of the free electrons. [1]

(b) A 5.0 A current flows through a wire of length 1.50 m and crass sectional area of 1.2 mm2 where the potential difference across the wire is 0.24 V.

(i) Calculate the power dissipated from the wire [2]

(ii) Explain what will happen to the drift velocity of the free electrons if the power produced in the wire is increased.

[2]

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V2

V1

330 kΩ

33 kΩ

10 kΩ

+15 V

-15 V

V0

+

5.

(a) State the name of the amplifier circuit which is connected to various input as shown in the diagram above.

[1] (b) Calculate the output voltage V0 if V1 is 0.50 V and V2 is 0.20 V. [3] (c) What happen to the output voltage if the supply 15± is replaced with V9± ?. [1]

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6 (a) Write the lens maker’s formula. Explain the symbols that you use.

[2] (b) The diagram below shows a lens that has a curved surfaces with radius of curvature 20.0 cm and 60.0 cm. The refractive index of the lens material is 1.65. Determine the focal length of the lens when the lens is immersed in water of refractive index 1.33.

[3]

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7 Monochromatic light with wavelength 365 nm illuminates a metallic surface with work function 2.30 eV.

(a) Calculate the maximum speed of the photoelectrons emitted.

[3]

(b) Estimate the de Broglie wavelength of the photoelectrons.

[2]

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8

The graph above represents the decay of a sample of a specific radioactive element. Find the half-life of the element. Hint : [5]

t

t

eNrateCount

eNN

λ

λ

λ −

−

−=

=

0

0

dtdN

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Section B [60 marks]

Answer any four questions in this section

9 (a) Define the terms moment of a force and draw a sketch to illustrate the meaning. [2]

(b) State the condition for a body to be in equilibrium [1] (c) During the construction of many modern bridges, section are added from both banks until the

two halves meet at the centre. Figure 1 below shows a new section S, of weight N5100.3 × , after it has been attached to an existing part B of a bridge

The support cable which keeps section S in equilibrium is at an angle of 025 to the horizontal. The existing part B of the bridge provides a horizontal force on S. (i) Draw a labeled vector diagram and show the three forces on S [2] (ii) Use your diagram to determine the tension in the cable and the horizontal force which B

exerts on S [2]

(d) In the sport of clay pigeon shooting, a clay disc is launched into the air by a spring, and the contestant fires a shot at the moving disc. A launching device has been modified to project the disc vertically upwards. The spring in the launching device has a spring constant of 12000 −Nm and the clay disc has mass 80g. In use the spring obeys Hooke’s law and the extension decreases from 13 cm to 7.0 cm.

(i) Sketch a graph of force against extension for the spring and shade the area which represent the loss of energy stored by the spring when launching the clay disc. [2] (ii) Calculate

(a) the loss of elastic potential energy of the spring [2] (b) the initial speed of the clay disc, assuming all the energy lost by the spring becomes

kinetic energy of the disc [2] (c) the height to which the disc will rise, assuming that air resistance is negligible. [2]

S B

Support cable

N5100.3 ×

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12

10 (a) State three differences between a progressive wave and a stationary wave. [3] (b) In large auditoriums, the walls are covered with thick curtains. State the effect of thick curtains on the sound waves and hence explain the advantage of this practice. [2] (c) Two sound waves have frequencies 890 Hz and 894 Hz respectively. The intensity of the sound waves at a given point is 6.3 x 10-9 W m-2. (i) What are the conditions required for beats to be heard from two separate sound sources? [2] (ii) What is the frequency of the resultant wave and what is the beat frequency? [2] (iii) Determine the maximum intensity level of the beats heard at the point concerned. [The minimum intensity of audible sound is 1.0 x 10-12 W m-2] [2] (iv) Another sound sources with intensity level 98.0 dB is located at the point. What is the ratio of the intensity of the first sound to that of the second sound? [2] (d) A high-speed train is travelling at a speed of 47.4 m s-1 when the engineer sounds the 418 Hz warning horn. The speed of the sound is 343 m s-1. What is the frequency of the sound as perceived by a person standing at a crossing when the train is approaching? [2]

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CONFIDENTIAL*


13

11 (a) State Hooke’s Law [2] (b) Explain the main difference between elastic deformation and plastic deformation [3] (c) The graph shows a simplified version of the variation of the load applied against the extension of the material. The original length of the wire is 1.0 m and its diameter is 1.5 mm.

(i) The material is brittle or ductile ? [1] (ii) What is the Young’s Modulus of the material ? [3] (iii) If the wire snaps when the load reaches the value at P, how much energy is required to snap the wire ? [3] (iv) Assume that the cross-section of the wire remains constant throughout the extension. What is the stress in the wire when the load reaches the value at P ? [3]

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CONFIDENTIAL*


14

X X X X X

X X X X X

+

-

electron path

12. (a) Explain why a charge Q will move in a circular path in a uniform magnetic field, B. Write an expression for the force, F exerted on the charged particle. Explain any quantity you have given in your expression. [4]

(b) An electron is moving in a circular path in a uniform magnetic field. If the radius of the path is m2105.2 −× and the magnetic field strength is T2100.2 −× and the specific charge of electron

(me ) is 1111076.1 −×− Jkg .

(i) Derive an expression for the angular velocity of the electron [2] (ii) Calculate the orbital period if the electron [2]

(iii) If the kinetic energy of the electron is reduced by half of its initial value, what is the value of the orbital period? [2]

(c) Figure shows an electron moving with constant velocity enters an electric field which is perpendicular to a magnetic field. If the magnetic field strength, B is 0.008 T and the electric field strength, E is 14100.6 −× Vm ,

(i) show the direction of the electrostatic force and the magnetic force exerted on the electron. [2] (ii) calculate the velocity of the electron [3]

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CONFIDENTIAL*


15

13 (a) State Bohr’s second postulate [2] (b) The energy of the electron in a hydrogen atom is given as

,6.132

eVn

En −= n = 1, 2, 3, …

A hydrogen atom is excited by a photon and makes a transition from energy level n = 1 to energy level n = 4.

(i) Explain how the hydrogen atom is excited. [2] (ii) What is the energy absorbed by the excited atom? [2] (iii) Calculate the wavelength of the photon. [3] (c) (i) Explain the difference between the process of production of continuous X-rays with the process of production of line X-rays from an X-ray tube. [4]

(ii) The accelerating potential difference across an X-ray tube using copper as target is 5.0 kV. Calculate the minimum wavelength of the X-rays produced. [2]

14 (a) Give definition for each of the following terms (i) isotope (ii) nuclear fission (iii) nuclear fusio [3] (b) (i) State the quantities that are conserved in the nuclear reaction. [3] (ii) Copy and complete the equations below : +→+ CHeB 13

642

105 ………………………..

…………………………. HeLi 42

73 2 →+

+→+ LinB 73

10

105 ………………………….. [3]

(c) (i) Calculate the energy released when Al28

13 decays to Si2813 [2]

(ii) If the γ - ray emitted has a wavelength of 6.99 x 10-13 m , calculate the energy of γ -ray photon. Hence, deduce the total kinetic energy of the products of decay.

[ Mass of Al2813 atom = 27.98191 mu ,

Mass of Si2813 atom = 27.97693 mu, where mu is the atomic unit.] [4]

END OF THIS PAPER

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JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN ERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARAN TERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN TERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARANTERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR JABATAN PELAJARAN ERENGGANUJABATANPELAJARAN TERENGGANU JABATANPELAJAR

MARK SCHEME PAPER 1 AND 2

PHYSICS 960

JABATAN PELAJARAN

TERENGGANU

960/1/2

TRIAL 2009

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ANSWER PAPER 1

Question Answer Explanation

1 A Strain= 0/ le is dimensionless [stress] = F/A= [pressure]

2 B

During the time from 0 to T, the body slides along the horizontal surface with zero resultant vertical force since its weight is balanced by the reaction force from the surface. After time T, the resultant force acting on the ball is its own weight W under free fall situation.

3 B

mF

mmFa

32=

+=

To block X alone, )3

)(2(mFmmaFF Y ==−

Hence, YF = force exerted by block Y on block X= 3

2F

4 B

Kinetic energy of sphere = 2

21 mv = constant since v is constant.

Potential energy of sphere = mgvdtdxmg −=

v x

5 B rvw = is constant because v and r are constant. Hence angular acceleration = 0

6 C

The force constant of the elastic string is 140 −Nm . Hence, the force exerted by the string on the mass to keep it in circular motion is

NkxF 8)50.070.0(40 =−== If v is the linear velocity of the mass, it is related to this centripetal force by

rvmF

2

=

7.0)05.0(8

2v= 11158.10 −== msv

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7 C

T θ F W If T is the tension in the light thread, then

FT =θsin

WT =θcos WF

=θtan

8 A

22

21

21 ωImvmgh += rwv =

2

22

+=

rvImvmgh

= 21 vr

m

+

22

4

05.0100.62.0)2.0)(10)(2.0(2 v

×+=

−

135.1 −= msv

9 D

From r

MmGUEP −==

PE is the gravitational potential energy of a body of mass m at distance r from the centre of a planet of mass M

Force of attraction = 2rMmG

drdU

+=

Thus, the gradient at any point on the gravitational potential energy curve represent the force pulling the body towards the planet.

10 C

22

1R

WR

GMmW α⇒=

Gravitational force on the satellite when at the highest R/50

50RR + from the centre of the earth = W

RR

R2

2

50

+

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= WR

R2

2

2

5011

+

= 0.96 W

11 A

2222222 2)2(21

21 fmafmamaE ππω ===

12 D

13 C The frequencyis determined by the source and not the medium through which it flows. In a denser medium, the velocity will decrease and as a result the wavelength will decrease.

14 C

V = f λ (100 x 106) λ = 3 x 108 λ = 3 m l = λ / 2 = 2/3 = 1.5 m

15 B

16 B

Work = area under the graph

= 310)]59)(8060(21)560(

21[ −×−++×

= [(150) + (70×4) x 310− ] = 430 x 310− = 0.43 J

17 A

k = eF

E = eAFl

k = l

EA

18 D

19 C ∫=2

1

V

VW Vpδ

l

Dipole aerial

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= ∫2

1

V

VV

VnRT δ )( nRTpV =

= nRT 1

2lnVV

= 46ln)400)(31.8(3 = 4043.30 J = 4kJ

20 D

Since ∆V = 0, W = p ∆V = 0, ∆Q = ∆U + W ∆U = ∆Q = mcv∆V = 5.0 x 10-3 x 2.4 x 102 x (600 – 300) J = 360 J

21 A

pVγ = k p = kVγ ln p = ln k – γln V = - γ lnV + ln k (gradient = - γ )

22 C

23 A

24 B

Vqw ∆=

since 00 =⇒=∆ wV

25 B

Initial energy

( ) ( ) J

CQ

CQ

02.010310300

10410200

21

21

21

6

26

6

26

2

22

1

21

=

××

+

××

=

+

−

−

−

−

Equivalent capacitance

( ) ( ) F

CCC666

21

107103104 −−− ×=×+×=

+=

Final energy

JC

Q 018.010710500

21

21

6

62=

××

= −

−

Energy lost,

J3100.2018.002.0 −×=−

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26 B

The resistance of a copper wire remains unchanged at constant temperature and

is given by AlR ρ=

Potential difference, V

( ) venvAeAlIRV lnρρ =

==

Since I is directly proportional to drift velocity of electrons in the wire, thus directly proportional to potential difference.

27 A When temperature increases, electrons are freed from covalent bonds. Hence the number of electron-holes increases.

28 B

Kirchhoff’s first law is related to current and depends on the conservation of charge Kirchhoff’s second law is related to electric potentials and depends on the conservation of energy.

29 D

( )( )

AtQI

ItQ

4

15

19

102.3100.1

106.12

−

−

−

×=××

==

=

30 C

31 A

32 B

Induced e.m.f ξ is given by ωξ BAN=

where N number of turns A area B flux density ω angular velocity

33 A

34 B P is inductor, wLX L = Q is resistor

35 A

36 D

37 B r = 20cm, f = -10 cm, u = +5 cm

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cmvv

vuf

3.351

1011

111

−=

−−

=

+=

38 A

39 C From the formula of fringe separation

aDy λ

= , Dy ∝

40

C

From Einstein’s equation,

λcf

WhfmvK

=

−== 2maxmax 2

1

If f increases or λ decreases, Kmax or vmax increases 41

D

mfc

hKcf

hfKhf

oo

o

o

7

1534

19

9

8max

max

1002.8

10374.01063.6

106.10.210350100.3

−

−

−

−

×==

×=×

××−

×

×=−=

+=

λ

λ

42

C

43

D

mE

hc

hcE

JEEE

619

834

19192214

1046.11036.1

100.31063.6

1036.1)106.1(11

41)6.13(

−−

−

−−

×=×

×××=

∆=

=∆

×=×

−−=∆=−

λ

λ

44 A

The K characteristic line is produced by electronic transition in the target atom. The intensity is determined by the number of electrons hitting the target and the number of collisions determines the number of electronic transition.

45 D The charge of an electron can still be determined if its mass is not given

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46 B M. mass and q charge

on dependnot doesit becauseconstant BE v,

1

1

alwaysspeed

qEqvB

=

=

47 B

hours

eeNN t

100693.0

2ln2ln life half

0693.0204ln40 10 )1030(

0

===∴

===

=−−

−

λ

λλ

λ

λ

48 C 0 min 4.0 min 8.0 min 12.0 min 16 mg → 8 mg →4 mg+ 8 mg→6 mg

49 D Nuclear fission :

nHeHH 10

32

21

21 +→+

50 B A strong nuclear force is experienced by nucleons such as protons and neutrons in the nucleus and are of very short range such as 1.7 x 10-15 m

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Paper 2

Question Answer Mark Structure 1

(a)

Total change in potential energy of water in the buckets in one revolution of the wheel = hmg∆×8 = )26.1(81.9408 ×××× = J4100.1 ×

1

1

(b)

Average input power to wheel = number of revolutions made per unit time X change in potential energy of the water in the buckets per revolution of the wheel

= 4100.1606

××

= W3100.1 × =1kW

1

1

(c) A large number of a small buckets is preferred because the rotation of the wheel would be smoother than the case would be when a smaller number of large buckets is used.

1

Structure 2

2(a) resonance

1

2(b) From graph, fresonance = 12.5Hz ω = 2πf = 2π (12.5) =78.5 rads-1

1

1 2(c)

1

2(d) Microwave oven/ radio signal receiver

1

Structure 3

(a) dxdkA

dtdQ θ

= 1

1

mass with card

mass without card

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10

= (380)(2.5 x10-4) 21020)20130(

−×−

= 52.25 W

1

(b)

The temperature at 15.0 cm = ( )1020

20130)(1015 22

−−

×−

×

= 82.5 oC The temperature 15.0 cm from the hot end = 130 oC – 82.5 oC = 47.5 oC

1

1

Structure 4

(a) velocity is a vector quantity. The velocities cancel out each other in any directions, since the number of free electrons is very large. So mean random velocity is zero. 1

(b-i)

Power, P

WIVP

2.1)0.5)(24.0(

===

1 1

(b-ii)

Power, 22 IPRIP α⇒= Since, nevI = , therefore 2vPα Hence, when power increases drift velocity increases.

1 1

Structure 5 (a) Adder operational amplifier 1

(b)

V

VRR

VRR

V f

i

f

60.11

2.0103305.0

33330

22

10

−=

+

−=

+

−=

1+1 1

(c) Output voltage will become V9− only as saturation occurs. 1 Structure 6

(a) ( )

−−=

21

1111rr

nf

where f = focal length, n = refractive index of the material of the lens, r1 = radius of curvature of the front surface receiving the incoming rays, r2 = radius of curvature of the hind surface where the outgoing rays emerges. [Rubric: Formula – 1 mark; Defining symbols – 1 mark]

1

1

(b) In water applying the formula

−

−=

211

2 1111rrn

nf

mfcmf

f

25.1125

201

6011

33.165.11

−=−=

+−

+

−=

1 (formula)

1

(sign of r) 1

(answer)

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Structure 7

(a) Using Einstein’s equation, maximum kinetic energy is

15

31

19

max

19

199

834

2max

1023.61011.9

)1077.1(2

1077.1

)106.1(30.210365

)1000.3)(1063.6(21

−

−

−

−

−−

−

×=

××

=

×=

×−×

××=

−=

sm

v

J

Whcmvλ

1

1

1

(b) Momentum of the photoelectrons, λhmv =

m

mvh

9

531

34

1017.1

)1023.6)(1011.9(1063.6

−

−

−

×=

×××

=

=λ

1

1 Structure 8

8

min4.240.0284

2ln 2ln T life Half

0.0284

18 28 10- 35ln

ee

1200020000 :

)........(12000

).......(20000

dtdN

21

28-

10-

)28(0

)10(0

0

0

===

=

=+=

=

−=

−=

−=

=

−

−

−

−

λ

λ

λλλ

λ

λ

λ

λ

λ

λ

λ

λ

λ

iii

iieNieN

eNrateCount

eNN

t

t

1 1

1

1

1

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Essay Essay 9 (a) The moment of a force, F is the force multiplied by the perpendicular distance, d from

the point about which the moment is being measured example the axis of rotation d F

1

1

(b) For a body to be in a equilibrium, there must be no resultant force and no resultant torque

1

(c)(i) SF BF 025 Weight of section S, W= N5100.3 ×

All

correct 2

or

Two correct

1

(c)(ii) Resolving forces vertically

=025sinSF W for equilibrium

NWFs5

0

5

0 1010.725sin100.3

25sin×=

×==

Resolving forces horizontally, 050 25cos1010.725cos ××== SB FF

= N51043.6 ×

1

1 (d)(i)

F/N e/cm 7 13

Draw graph correct

1

Area shaded

1 (d)(ii)(a)

Loss of elastic potential energy of the spring = 21

22 2

121 kxkx −

1

Axis of rotation

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13

= )07.013.0(200021 22 −××

= 12 J

1

(d)(ii)(b) Kinetic energy of the disc = Energy lost by the spring

1221 2 =mv

080.0212×

=v

Initial speed = 13.17 −ms

1

1

(d)(iii)(c) Gain in gravitational potential energy of the disc = lose in kinetic energy 2

21 mvmgh =

81.9080.012

×=h

=15.3 m

1

1 Essay 10

(a)

Progressive wave Stationary wave 1. Wave profile moves 2. Adjacent particles of a medium vibrate in a different phases 3. The amplitude in constant for all particles of the medium

- Wave profiles does not move - Particles between two adjacent nodes of a medium vibrate in the same phase - Particles between two adjacent nodes vibrate with different amplitudes

1 1 1

(b) Thick curtains will absorb the sound. This will reduce echo and interference of sound waves in the hall and hence the audience will be able to hear a performance clearly.

1 1

c(i)

Conditions: - the frequency of the two sound must be almost the same - the amplitudes from the two sound sources must be the same or almost the same - waves from the two sound sources must be propagated in the same direction

1 1

or 1

c(ii) Frequency of beats = 894 – 890 = 2 Hz Frequency of resultant wave = (894 + 890) ÷ 2 = 892 Hz

1 1

c(iii) Intensity level = log10 10

0

II = 10 log10

××

−

−

12

9

100.1103.6

= 38.0 dB

1 1

c(iv)

=−

2

121 log10

II

ββ

1

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=−

2

1log100.980.38II

6log2

1 −=

II

6

2

1 10−=

II

1

d

−=

−

=4.47343

343418'

svvvff

= 485 Hz

1 1

Essay 11

(a)

Hooke’s Law : States that the extension is directly proportional to the stress

(force) applied in an object, if the elastic limit is not exceeded.

2

(b) Elastic Deformation Plastic Deformation Wire can return to original shape & size when the stress has been removed

Wire does not return to its original shape and size when the stress has been removed. (Permanent deformation occurs)

3

(c)

(i) Brittle

1

(ii) from graph : m 10 x 1.0 x -3= for N 250 F =

( )( )( ) ( )

Pa 10 x 1.41 10x0.110x75.0

0.1250 AxFL E 11

323===

−−π

3

(iii) Energy = area under the curve J 26 =

3

(iv) at P : ( )

Pa 10 x 1.98 10 x 0.75

350 AF stress 8

23-===

π

3

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Essay 12

(a)

When charge, q is moving, there will be a current, I will produce. By using Fleming left hand rule for charge, q moving in a uniform magnetic field, B a force, F will be exerted on the charge, q. B, I and F must perpendicular to each others. Thus q will move in a circular path. An expression for the force, F exerted on the charged particle is given by,

).(sinθBqvF = where F is the force exerted on the charge B is the magnetic field q for charge v for velocity θ angle between v and B

1

1

1

1

(b-i)

Centripetal force = Magnetic force

mBew

mBerrwv

mBerv

Bevr

mv

=

==

=

=2

1

1

(b-ii)

mBe

Tw ==

π2

The period,

s

meBe

mBBe

mT

9

112

1078.11076.1

1100.2

2

1222

−

−

×=

××=

=

==

π

πππ

1

1

(b-iii)

From equation Be

mT π2= , the period is independent of the velocity and thus independent

of the kinetic energy of the electron. So the period is still same// equal to s91078.1 −×

1

1 (c-i)

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2

(c-ii)

Electrostatic force = magnetic force

16

4

105.7008.0106

−×=

×==

=

msBEv

BeveE

1

1

1

Essay 13 13(a) - An electromagnetic radiation is given out when an electron makes a transition from

one state of higher energy level to another of lower energy level. - The energy of a photon of the electromagnetic radiation is given by ∆E = hf

1 1

13(b)(i) - The electron in the ground state gains energy that is exactly equal to the energy difference between the initial energy level of the electron and the final energy level. - Electron move up to the higher energy level than the ground state

1 1

13(b)(ii) Energy absorbed

eV

EE

8.12

)1

6.13(4

6.1322

14

=

−−−=

−=

1

1

13(b)(iii) Photon energy

m

hcE

8

83419

1071.9

1000.31063.6)106.1(8.12

−

−−

×=

×××=××

=

λλ

λ

1

1

1

13(c)(i) Continuous X-rays: - When an electron strikes a metal, it can lose any portion of its energy. This energy loss of the incident electron is converted into energy of a X-ray photon. Hence, the energies of X-ray photons are different. Since the wavelength of a photon is inversely proportional to its energy, the wavelengths of the photons emitted are different. - If all the energy of the incident electron is lost as energy of a photon, X-ray photon with the minimum wavelength is produced. Line X-rays: - The incident electrons may penetrate deep into the inner-most shell of the target atoms, causing the electron from the inner K or L shells to be excited to higher energy levels. - When an electron from a higher energy level falls to fill up these vacancies, the

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difference in energy is emitted as energy of line X-rays 1

13c(ii) When all the energy of the incident electron is converted into energy of an X-ray photon,

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1 Essay 14

14 a

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Nuclides which have the same number of proton but different number of neutrons The disintegration of a heavy nucleus to lighter nuclei with the release of a lot of energy The combination of lighter nuclei at very a high temperature to produce a heavy nucleus with release a lot of energy

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14b

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Mass number, A Atomic number , Z Mass- energy

HCHeB 11

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HeLi 42

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11 2 H →+

HeLinB 42

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productsdecay ofenergy kinetic 102.85

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