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Phyto-toxicological Effects of Copper Nanoparticles in Bell Pepper (Capsicum annum)
plants
Swati RawatESE PhD Student
Gardea Group, University of Texas at El Paso
Sustainable Nanotechnology OrganizationOrlando, FL, November, 2016
1
Structure of the presentation Introduction
- Nanoparticles
- Bell pepper plants
Methodology
Results
Conclusions
2
Introduction
3
nZnOnCeO2
nSiMWCNT’s
nCuO
Size
Ca2+
Mg2+
Surface ch
argeHC=OCOO
Structure and defectsH+ OH-
PH
Factors affecting NPs induced toxicity towards terrestrial plants
Reddy, P. V. L., Hernandez-Viezcas, J. A., Peralta-Videa, J. R., & Gardea-Torresdey, J. L. (2016). Lessons learned: Are engineered
nanomaterials toxic to terrestrial plants?. Science of The Total Environment, 568, 470-479.
Copper Nanoparticles (NPs)
SEM Micrographs of copper nanoparticles
5Hong, Jie, Cyren M. Rico, Lijuan Zhao, Adeyemi S. Adeleye, Arturo A. Keller, Jose R. Peralta-Videa, and Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey. "Toxic Effects of Copper-Based Nanoparticles Or Compounds to Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) and Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa)." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 17, no. 1 (2015): 177-185.
Applications of Copper NPs
6
Global flows for Cu and oxides of Cu (metric tons/yr) in 2010
7Keller, Arturo A., Suzanne McFerran, Anastasiya Lazareva, and Sangwon Suh. "Global Life Cycle Releases of Engineered Nanomaterials." Journal of Nanoparticle Research 15, no. 6 (2013): 1-17.
Rich in anti-oxidants like carotenoid, sugars, vitamin C.
Fruit is 92% water, rest are carbohydrates and small amount of protein and fat
8
Bell pepper plants Capsicum annum
https://authoritynutrition.com/foods/bell-peppers
Methodology
9
Soil Soil collected on the east side of El Paso, TX.
Soil characterization conducted on Malvern Mastersizer Hybrid 2000G
- Sand : 19.7 %
- Silt : 64.92 %
- Clay : 15.38 %
Natural soil : silt loam
10
Sowing seeds at the green house for seedling transplantation
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Preparing pots in the lab
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Plant growth stages : full growth cycle 90 days
13
Seedlings growing
Seedlings ready for transplantation
Freshly transplanted seedlings
Plants 10 days post transplantation
Plant growth stages : full growth cycle 90 days
14
Plants 30 days post transplantation
Plants 45 days post transplantation, flowering
Plants 60 days post transplantation, fruiting
Fully matured plants, 90 days post transplantation
Conditions at the green house Controlled environment, temperature, relative humidity, and light intensity
- Average light 10.1 mol/m2/d
- Average day temperature 27.2±1.6˚C
- Average night temperature 25±2.1˚C
Water every other day, or as need be with fertilizer solution, 15-5-15 ratio of N-P2O5-K2O, pH: 5.8, EC: 1.00 mS/cm
Abamectin, Avid 0.15 EC , to treat aphids or white fly
15
Harvesting
16
Gas exchange measurement: LI-6400XT portable photosynthesis system
17
18
19
Acid digestion and sample analysis on the ICP-OES
Results
20
Chlorophyll content, nCuO vs ionic copper treatments
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Control 62.5 125 250 500
Re
lati
ve C
hlo
rop
hyl
l Co
nte
nt
(SPA
D)
Concentration of the treatments, mg/kg
Chlorophyll Content
nCuO
CuCl2
21
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Control 62.5 125 250 500
Evap
otr
ansp
irat
ion
mm
ol/
m2/s
Concentration of the treatments, mg/kg
Evapotranspiration
nCuO
CuCl2
Gas Exchange : Evapotranspiration, nCuO vs ionic copper treatments
22
ab
b
a
ab
a
ab
a
a
ab
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
Control 62.5 125 250 500
Sto
mat
al C
on
du
ctan
ce m
ol/
m2
/s
Concentration of the treatments, mg/kg
Stomatal Conductance
nCuO
CuCl2
abc
Gas Exchange: Stomatal conductance, nCuO vs ionic copper treatments
23
abc
c
aa
bc
ab
abc
a
Gas exchange : Photosynthesis, nCuO vs ionic copper treatments
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Control 62.5 125 250 500
Ph
oto
syn
the
sis
µm
ol/
m2/s
Concentration of the treatments, mg/kg
Photosynthesis
nCuO
CuCl2
24
ab
b
aa
abab
ab
ab
ab
Elemental analysis of root samples, copper
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Control 62.5nCuO
62.5CuCl2
Control 125nCuO
125CuCl2
Control 250nCuO
250CuCl2
Control 500nCuO
500CuCl2
mg
of
Cu
/kg
of
roo
t d
ry w
t.
Treatment Concentration, mg/kg
a a a
ab ab
b b
a
ab
b
b
c
25
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Control 62.5nCuO
62.5CuCl2
Control 125nCuO
125CuCl2
Control 250nCuO
250CuCl2
Control 500nCuO
500CuCl2
mg
of
Cu
/kg
leav
es
dry
wt.
Treatment Concentration, mg/kg
c
a a a
abc
abc
bc
bc
a
Elemental analysis of leaves samples, copper
abc
ab bc
26
Elemental analysis of fruit samples,copper
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Control 62.5nCuO
62.5CuCl2
Control 125nCuO
125CuCl2
Control 250nCuO
250CuCl2
Control 500nCuO
500CuCl2
mg
of
Cu
/kg
of
fru
it d
ry w
t.
Treatment Concentration, mg/kg
aa
a
a
a
a a
a
aa
a
a
27
Gas exchange : evapotranspiration, stomatal conductance, and photosynthesis were not significantly different with respect to the control but were statistically different with respect to each other at the different concentrations of nCuO and CuCl2.
The copper content in root samples was significantly increased at 125 mg/kg CuCl2 , 250 mg/kg nCuO and CuCl2, and at 500 mg/kg nCuO and CuCl2 wrt the control. The two treatments were significantly different at the highest concentration.
The leaf samples found significantly higher amount of copper at 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg concentration of both the compounds wrt the control.
Significantly higher amount of copper was found in the fruit samples at 125 mg/kg ionic treatment.
Conclusions
28
UCCEIN for funding the research
Texas AnM Agrilife Research and Extension Centre at El Paso, TX.
University of Texas at El Paso
Lab Mates
Faculty
- Dr Youping Sun
- Dr Jose A. Hernandez
- Dr Jose R. Peralta
- Dr Jorge Gardea Torresday
The SNO conference organizers
Acknowledgements
29
ReferencesReddy, P. Venkata Laxma, J. A. Hernandez-Viezcas, J. R. Peralta-Videa, and J. L. Gardea-Torresdey. "Lessons Learned: Are
Engineered Nanomaterials Toxic to Terrestrial Plants?" Science of the Total Environment 568, (10/15, 2016): 470-479.
Hong, Jie, Cyren M. Rico, Lijuan Zhao, Adeyemi S. Adeleye, Arturo A. Keller, Jose R. Peralta-Videa, and Jorge L. Gardea-Torresdey. "Toxic Effects of Copper-Based Nanoparticles Or Compounds to Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) and Alfalfa (MedicagoSativa)." Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 17, no. 1 (2015): 177-185.
Keller, Arturo A., Suzanne McFerran, Anastasiya Lazareva, and Sangwon Suh. "Global Life Cycle Releases of Engineered Nanomaterials." Journal of Nanoparticle Research 15, no. 6 (2013): 1-17.
30
Thank You! Questions ?
31