pick up the 2 packets from the front table. 1. announcements 2. cell membrane packet 3. cell...
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Pick up the 2 packets from the front table.
1. Announcements2. Cell Membrane Packet3. Cell Transport Packet
Objective: define roles of organelles and relate to function of cell as a whole
HW: RR "Flower & Fly"Be working on your guided reading packetsNo organelles projectCells test is moved to Friday 10/21
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Pick up a packet and find a group of 4. I'll know you're ready when you're seated in the back at a table with your group of 4.
1. Cell Membrane 3D Representation
Objective: relate cell membrane structure to function
HW: RR "Flower & Fly"Be working on your guided reading packetsNo organelles projectCells test is moved to Friday 10/21
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What are the major AP Bio themes connected to cells?
1. Harvard Cell Videos2. Ch 6 notes
Objective: identify major AP Bio themes
HW: Cells Unit Test FridayAll packets due Friday
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1. Magnification -
Resolving power -
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2. Electron microscopes -
Advantages:
Disadvantages
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SEM:
tobacco seedmouse kidney glomerulums
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TEM:
myelinated axon
human neutrophil
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4. Cell fractionation
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5. Domains of prokaryotic cells
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Prokaryotes Eukaryotes
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Take out Ch. 6 reading guide and be ready to go.
1. Ch. 62. Lab: Diffusion & Osmosis Part A Demo
Objective: understand concepts of Ch. 6
HW: All 4 packets due FridayNoodle Packet due FridayTest Corrections due Friday
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7.
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8. Surface area to volume:
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9. How have neurons and intestinal cells increased surface area?
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Nuclear lamina -
· a dense (~30 to 100 nm thick) fibrillar network near the inner nuclear membrane and the peripheral chromatin · composed of intermediate filaments and membrane associated proteins
· providing mechanical support · the nuclear lamina regulates important cellular events such
as DNA replication and cell division · participates in chromatin organization
· anchors the nuclear pore complexes embedded in the nuclear envelope.
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Nuclear matrix -
· network of fibres found throughout the inside of a cell nucleus
· somewhat analogous to the cell cytoskeleton
· like a dynamic sponge with open compartments for free diffusion of molecules in the nucleus
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Chromosomes:
Chromatin:
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Nucleoli:
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Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis
Free: location & product:
Bound: location & product:
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Endomembrane System:
Rough ER:
Smooth ER:
Golgi body:
Vesicles:
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Smooth ER:
1. synthesize lipids and steroids
2. metabolism of carbs
3. drug detoxification*tolerance to alcohol and barbiturates
4. regulate calcium concentration
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Rough ER:Makes proteins
Serves as membrane factory for the cell
Manufactures its own membrane proteins and phospholipids
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Golgi Body:
Products from rough ER enter on cis side. Glycoproteins are modified by Golgi body enzymes. Leave out the trans side in a vesicle that fuses with cell membrane.
Makes pectin and other plant polysaccharides
Marks products with "ID tags" and they are sorted like zip codes
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Lysosomes:
Digestive sacs with acidic pH
"Suicide sacs"
Intracellular digestion - fuse with food vacuole or worn out cell parts
Ex: white blood cells (macrophages) in humans
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Functions of Cytoskeleton:
1. mechanical support and shape
2. cell motility
3. regulation of biochemical activities - if you pull on cytoskeleton, it can trigger changes within the cell
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Microtubules functions:
1. Motility (cilia and flagella)
2. Separation of chromosomes (guide during division)
3. Cell Structure and Shape
4. Organelle movements and transport
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Microfilaments functions:
1. maintain cell shape
2. change cell shape
3. muscle contraction
4. cytoplasmic streaming
5. cell motility (pseudopods)
6. cell division (cleavage furrow)
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Actin and motor protein myosin work together in muscle contraction
Myosin walks along actin fibers
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Intermediate filaments functions:
1. maintain cell shape
2. form nuclear lamina
3. anchor organelles (nucleus) in place
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Cell Wall:
1. protects cell
2. maintains shape
3. prevents excessive uptake of water
Made of: fibrils of cellulose embedded in other polysaccharides and proteins
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Primary cell wall: in young plants
Between cell walls - middle lamella (pectin - used to thicken jams and jellies), holds cells together
As a plant ages, develops a secondary cell wall inside primary cell wall
Perforated by plasmodesmata
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PLANTS: Plasmodesmata: channel through cell walls which water and small solutes can pass freely from cell to cell
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Extracellular Matrix:
Glycoproteins - collagen (half of protein in human body) - strong fibers outside cells
Proteoglycans - a type of glycoproteins into which collagen is embedded, core protein surrounded by carbs
Fibronectin - glycoprotein that attaches cell to ECM
Integrins - cell surface proteins to which fibronectin attaches
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Fibronectin
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No passage of materials:Tight Junctions: tightly pressed bound together by proteins to
prevent leakage of extracellular fluid across epithelial cells
Desmosomes: (anchoring junctions) rivets, fastening cells into strong sheets; intermediate filaments made of keratin anchor desmosomes in cytoplasm
Passage of materials:Gap Junctions: (communicating junctions) cytoplasmic
channels from one cell to another; specialized proteins that surround a pore through which ions, sugars, amino acids and other small molecules may pass; necessary for communication as in heart muscle and animal embryos
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1. Diffusion and Osmosis Lab
Objective: define osmosis and diffusionpredict outcome of diffusion
HW: be working on all 4 packets all due Friday2 count as extra points on test2 count as a lab grade
Cell Membrane packets and noodles due FridayCells Unit Test Friday