pictorial drawing for 4 th grading

PICTORIAL DRAWING

PREPARED BYMRS. ARLYN P. BONIFACIO

TLE 9

PICTORIAL DRAWING- A drawing often represents a portion of the object and shows the method of its construction.

- Enables the person without technical training to visualize the design represented.

- It also enables the designer to visualize the successive stages of the design and to develop it in a satisfactory manner.

Three Types of Pictorial Drawing

• Isometric• Oblique• Perspective

ISOMETRIC

• ISO – “EQUAL”

• METRUM -- “MEASURE”

ISOMETRIC DRAWING

• IS ONE WHICH CLEARLY SHOWS THREE SURFACE OF AN OBJECT.

• The drawing consist of three axes, one of which is vertical and the other two drawn to the right and left of an angle of 30 degrees to the horizontal.

Step in drawing an isometric view using the box method

OBLIQUE DRAWINGAn oblique drawing is similar to an isometric drawing because it has also three axes representing three mutually perpendicular edges, upon which measurements can be made.

300 45

0

600

300

KINDS OF OBLIQUE DRAWINGS

CAVALIER DRAWING

- Its receding lines are drawn at an angle of 600 or 300

and are measured in their dimension.

go or move back or further away from a previous position.

KINDS OF OBLIQUE DRAWINGS

CABINET DRAWING

-the scale of the receding axis is reduced by half. This is drawn with the receding line at an angle of 450.

RULES IN OBLIQUE DRAWING1. Place the object with the irregular outline or contour parallel to the picture plane.

2. The longest dimension should be parallel to the picture plane.

3. Dimensions to be laid on the cross axis of cabinet drawings should be reduced to ½ or 2/3.

4. If no orthographic views are given, always proportion the details of the drawings to those of the actual object.

PERSPECTIVE DRAWING- Is the representation of an object as it appears to an observer stationed at a particular position related to the object. Among the types of pictorial drawings, perspective drawing is more pleasing and has a more realistic effect than oblique drawing or axonometric projection.

Kinds of Perspective Drawing1. Parallel or one-point

perspective

This is a drawing in which one principal surface of the object is parallel to the picture plane. It has only one vanishing point which is usually located in the horizon.

Note: Perspective may also be classified into artist perspective or geometrical perspective. In artist perspective, the artist draws the object as he sees it before him or as he visualizes it through his creative imagination.

Kinds of Perspective Drawing2. Angular or two-point

perspective

No surface of the object is parallel to the picture plane. It has two vanishing points usually located in the horizon.

Different Positions of Perspective Figures.

Worm’s eye view

The view is drawn above eye level.

Man’s eye view

The view is drawn at eye level.

Bird’s eye view

The view is drawn below eye level.


Bird’s eye level

worm’s eye level

man’s eye level

Steps in Drawing Parallel Perspective1. Draw a line representing your horizon. Use a light line only.

2. Locate your vanishing point on any part of your horizon.

VP

3. Draw the front view of the given object just below the horizon, opposite the vanishing point. Use light lines only.

Steps in Drawing Parallel Perspective4. Project your receding lines from the vanishing point to all points of corners of the front view drawn below your horizon.

Steps in Drawing Parallel Perspective5. Estimate the dimension to be laid on the projector lines and finish the drawing.

STEPS IN DRAWING ANGULAR PERSPECTIVE

1. Draw a line representing the horizon. Use light line only.

2. Locate your vanishing points. Maximize the distance between them to have good results.

VPVP

STEPS IN DRAWING ANGULAR PERSPECTIVE3. Extend the sides of the guide angle to locate VPs.

VP VP

4. Draw construction lines from the top and the bottom of the vertical axis, extending to two vanishing points VPL and VPR. The two lines from the bottom of the vertical axis to VPL and VPR are the left axis and the right axis. The angle should not be less than 1200

VP VP


5. Estimate the length and width of the object and draw the other vertical edges.

VPVP


6.Addd other visible corners to the figure by adding two or more vertical lines from the endpoint of the length and width. Connect their endpoints to the vanishing point.

VP VP


6.Addd other visible corners to the figure by adding two or more vertical lines from the endpoint of the length and width. Connect their endpoints to the vanishing point.

pictorial drawing for 4 th grading

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