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CURRENT SITUATION

It is common to find a number of different simulation

models in a typical operating companyfrom reser-

voir modeling to production and process modeling.

The number of models is usually based on the length

of time an asset has been running, the number ofassets, and/or the size of the organization. It is fairly

common to find 30 to 50 different models that have

been created for just one asset.

The quantity of models does not generally become an

issue until information is needed to solve a critical

problem, run through a set of optimization scenarios,

or model alternative solutions. The engineer then has to

determine which model is the most appropriate to use.

THE VALUE OF MODELS

The development of simulation models is a significant

investment. The value of the model is only truly realized

when the model is easily accessed and can be applied

within a relevant time framewith a clear understand-

ing of how the model was made and why. It is critical

to ascertain the strengths and limitations of a particular

model, to make meaningful predictions based on that

model. A lack of understanding can lead to incorrect

conclusions. On the other hand, fast, accurate

decisions based on quality models and a good under-

standing of those models can increase revenue and

reduce costs.

PIPESIM PRODUCTION SYSTEM

ANALYSIS SOFTWARE

The PIPESIM* steady-state, multiphase flow simula-

tor is used for the design and diagnostic analysis of

oil and gas production systems. PIPESIM software

tools model multiphase flow from the reservoir to thewellhead. The software also analyzes flowline and

surface facility performance to generate comprehen

sive production system analysis.

MODEL MANAGEMENT

An effectively planned model management program

is essential when resources are limited and the work

schedule is aggressive and demanding. By implement-

ing the PIPESIM model management program, your

organization will have efficient, transparent access to

the simulation models they need. Users will be able

to access documentation that covers the entire mode

profile and all the details that influence and contributeto its performance. The model management program

ensures that both the original model creator and

other users will be able to thoroughly understand the

content of and the results gained from the model.

PIPESIM ModelManagement Program

ADVANTAGES Resource efficiency

engineers have quick access

to approved and documented

models.

Quality assurancemodels

have undergone a certification

process and have been

categorized for use.

Best practicesguidelines

have been defined and

documented to build models

for your asset or company.

For reservoir, production, and process modeling

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PIPESIM Model Management Program

As the model management program becomes

an integral part of the organization, documen-

tation provides the basis for defining the best

practices criteria that need to be applied any

time a new model is configured. This, in the

long term, guarantees a consistent, qualitymodeling program.

CLASSIFYING MODEL STATUS

Every model managed by the model manage-

ment program has a status classification.

The status indicates the development level

of the model and the work that remains to

be done.

High-Level

A High-Level model is configured with minimum

information. The purpose of this type of model is

to ascertain whether a particular workflow ortrend can be accurately analyzed. Accuracy of

results is of secondary importance.

Intermediate

Most models typically fall into the Intermediate

category. These models are often configured

with several specific KPIs in mind. They include

a significant amount of detail and are designed

to deliver relatively accurate results. The primary

difference between an Intermediate model

and a High-Fidelity model (described below)

is the amount of detail and data.

An example of an Intermediate model is a

pipeline network model that uses wells as the

only data source. The step up to a High-Fidelity

model involves integrating individual well

models into the network.

High-Fidelity

High-Fidelity models are considered to deliver

the most accurate results, taking advantage

of all possible data sources the model can

process. Data used in this type of model may

range from fluid properties to data represent-

ing the variety of equipment and tools that can

be included in the model. A High-Fidelity model

takes advantage of all program features and

data-processing capabilities.

Integrated

Integrated model status represents simulation

models that have been linked or integrated

with other simulation tools to enable an

analysis of two or more systems, for example,

linking a well and network model to reservoir,processing, or SCADA systems.

MODEL PROFILING

A model profile is analogous to a biography

or history. The profile can be broken down

into the following categories:

Fluid properties

The fluid property category provides a clear

understanding of the source, methods,

and time frame of fluid property information

and data.

Architecture

All compiled information (such as contact

information, date, etc.) to configure the

simulation model is stored in an organized

and searchable fashion.

Ojectives

Every simulation model requires a clear pur-

pose or objective. This part of the model profile

describes the key performance variables that

are required to obtain the desired objectives,

and documents the benefits to be achieved

by the simulation model.

Oservations and recommendations

Strengths and limitations of the model are

included, together with recommendations

for ways in which the models accuracy

can be improved by adding to or modifying

its configuration.

Annual reviews

Every model of significant size or importance is

reviewed annually. The purpose is to evaluate

performance and analyze any content varia-

tions resulting from changing fluid properties,architectural or configuration changes, or

new objectives.

Fact sheet

A fact sheet summarizes all relevant informa-

tion in a format that is quickly understood by

new users.

GET MORE FROM YOUR MODELSSchlumberger Information Solutions (SIS)

has more than 20 years of providing global

support and training to our clients. As software

developers, we clearly understand the process

required to build, sustain, and enhance models

for any situation.

SIS will perform an initial evaluation of your

models, which summarizes

observations and recommendations

workflow description

evaluation log.

If there are specific tasks that require work

outside of the normal scope of the model

management program from specialized

personnel, Schlumberger can provide

data evaluation

model configuration

model optimization

model integration.

SCHLUMbERGER INFORMATION SOLUTIONS

Schlumberger Information Solutions (SIS)

is an operating unit of Schlumberger that

provides software, information management,

IT infrastructure, and consulting services.

SIS enables oil and gas companies to achieve

breakthrough team performance, unlocking

the potential of E&P teams to step-change

their effectiveness and productivity. Through

our technologies and services, oil and gas

companies can drive business performance

and realize the potential of the digital oil field.

E-mail sisinfo@sl.com or contact your locaSchlumerger representative to learn more.