piping designing

7/29/2019 piping designing

1/28

Outline of Piping Design


2/28

About Samsung

o Samsung Engineering Co. Ltd. was founded as the first engineering

firm in Korea in the year 1970 and has its headquarters in Seoul, South

Korea. It is headed by Mr. Ki-Seok Park who holds the position as

President and CEO and is based in South Korea. It comes under the

category of Engineering Procurement and Construction Company

(EPC) and provides a full range of Engineering services including

feasibility studies, design, procurement, construction and

commissioning. The company has established business in more the 30countries with major presence in United Arab Emirates, India, Thailand,

Shanghai, Trinidad and Tobago and Mexico.


3/28

About Samsung

o The modern scenario of an EPC company also has the commissioning

of the plant under the scope of work and hence takes the designation of

EPCC- Engineering Procurement and Construction . EPC contract

approach is preferred by plant owners because-

Reduces stress for owner

Single point of contact for communication

Ready availability of post-commissioning services

Ensures quality and services

Better cost and resource estimation before commencement of

project


4/28

The scope of Piping Design

o The scope of piping refers to the entire design process of

connecting the equipment using appropriate piping components

as determined by the process engineering team. Its comparable

to the human body, piping is equivalent to the veins that connectthe main organs together.


5/28

Understanding the basic elements of

Piping Design

o The basic elements of Piping Design:

The main aim of piping design is to lay equipment, piping and other

accessories meeting relevant standard, statutory regulations and safety

requirement. Of course, there are other aspects as described below.

Plant Layout:

I. Safety: Fire, Leakage, Easy escape, safety showers, eyewash

II. Maintainability & Operability: Drop down zone, crane, fork-lift,hose station, platform, ladder, stair

III. Cost: Economic layout (equipment/ piping), optimize materials

IV. Constructability: Transporting and erecting large equipment,space for fabrication, sequence of construction

V. Others: Weather conditions, Wind Direction, Location, Relevantregulations, Product in/out, Utilities and drain location, Conditionsaround battery limit, Area for future expansion


6/28


Piping Design

First we produce Site Plan, then we develop overall Plot Plan,Unit Plot Plans. After Unit Plot Plans are in place, we develop

major piping in and around equipment. We do plan for piperacks

as well.

Pipe routing studies and Nozzle /platform/ladder orientations are

developed.

Underground piping is given priority as the construction starts

from underground.

Based of size, temperature, pressure, flow type and equipment

type to which the line is connected, we identify lines to be Stress

Analyzed. We perform Stress Analysis using software like

CAESAR II, AutoPIPE etc.


7/28


Piping Design

Pipe Routing Studies:


8/28

Equipment Nozzle Orientation:


Piping Design


9/28


Piping Design

Underground Piping:

Purpose: Underground piping refers to pipes that are buriedunderground and it aims to optimize the design and construction

processes of a plant by finding the most effective connection

between each process and different utility.

Scope: Underground piping routes (e.g. cooling water, sewer piping,

trench piping)

Equipment foundation location

Underground electrical and instrument routes Civil/structure-related information

Road layout, etc..


10/28


Piping Design

Underground Piping:


11/28


Piping Design

3D Modeling and Review:

3DModel: Graphic data of various structures, equipment, piping,

cables and building parts of a plant displayed in virtual space using

3D CAD.

Review: A process carried out in appropriate design stages to

examine whether the developing work is meeting the requirements

of the client and recommended design standards. It is also done to

understand and provide solutions for problems in the design.

Purpose of Review:

Clients Perspective To ensure quality product

To ensure safety

To examine operability

To examine repair/maintenance

To examine environmental impacts


12/28


Piping Design

Engineering Companys Perspective

To meet the clients requirements

To prevent design errors

To achieve better drawing quality

To follow drawings and construction schedules

To improve earnings and provide client satisfaction

Stages of Model Review:

30% Model review: Review from a plot plan point of view

location, installation, construction, maintenance, and repair of

the equipment

60% Model review: Review from an operation point of view

process requirements, tray routes for piping. Also make

appropriate changes from the 30% review. Major Line Routing

reviewed and finalized.

90% Model Review: Overall review aimed at producing the

final drawings. Make appropriate changes from the 30% and

60% Model Reviews.


13/28

Required Input: Workflow

Required Input: It ranges from PFD/P&ID, Line List, Data Sheets, Vendor

Prints to the various deliverables of other disciplines like StructuralArrangement Drawings, Cable Layout, Level sketches of Instrumentation etc.

Piping Activities: Preparing Site Plan, Overall Plot Plan, Unit Plot Plan, Nozzle

Orientation, Rack sizing, Equipment/ Piping modeling, Laying out lines, Job

instruction, Project Specification, Materials Take Off (MTO), Stress Analysis

etc.

Piping Outputs: Site Plan, Overall Plot Plan, Unit Plot Plan, Nozzle Orientation,

Complete 3D model, Isometrics, Pipe MTO, Project Specifications, Piping GA

drawings, Special Pipe Support Index/ datasheet, Support MTO, Insulation/

Paint MTO.

Its an IPO cycle Input

ProcessOutput


14/28

Importance statutory requirement in

piping design

Statutory and Regulatory Requirements in Piping Designs.

When a plant is setup in any country, its design is governed by the

statutory and regulatory requirement of that country. Some examples are

as follows:

Petroleum and Explosive Safety Organisation (PESO):With an overall

objective of ensuring safety and security of public and property from fireand explosion, PESO as a statutory authority is entrusted with the

administration of Explosives Act, 1884, Petroleum Act, 1934; Inflammable

Substances Act, 1952 and other related acts.

Oil India Safety Directorate(OISD): e.g. OISD-STD-118-Layout for Oil &

Gas Installations, OISD-STD-117- Fire Protection Facilities for PetroleumDepot/ terminals etc.

Indian Boiler Regulation (IBR): IBR approval is required for IBRequipment and lines.

Environment /Pollution related Norms:Also to be complied with suchas allowable emission rate of NOx, SOx


15/28

How piping design relates to other disciplines

Internal and External Coordination

o As the work of piping design tends to overlap with that of Process,

Mechanical, Civil/Architecture, Electrical, Instrument engineering teams

and others, it is important for a piping engineer to work in close

coordination with related departments all the while maintaining a broad

and comprehensive view of the plant.

Process is the upstream discipline for the engineering group. Process

provides PFD, Process Data Sheets, P&ID, Equipment List, Line List

etc.

Mechanical group gives us Mechanical Data Sheet of Equipment. In

the later stages of design, Vendor Prints (VPs) are made available.

Civil/ Structural/ Architectural group provides the required foundation

for equipment, structures for racks/ equipment, underground

trenches, pits, structures for Miscellaneous Pipe Supports etc.


16/28

How piping design relates to other disciplines

Internal and External Coordination

Instrumentation group supplies the data for inline and online

instruments, control valves, relief valves.

Electrical gives the hazardous area classification drawings, cable

layout etc.

All these disciplines are also involved in preparing the Plot Plans

o Piping design has enormous implications on plant construction, operation

and function.

o Construction and Procurement may be internal/ external group depending

on the project scope

o The most important external group to be coordinated with is the Client.

o There are other external groups such as the Licensor and the PMC. They

are equally important. ITB to be thoroughly read to understand the PMC

requirement and the Licensor requirement.


17/28

Piping components

The piping system involves not only pipes but also the fittings, valves

and other specialties. These items are known as piping components.

It includes:

Pipes

Fittings

Flanges

Gaskets

Bolting

Valves

Specialties


18/28

Piping components

Pipes

Closed annular circular cross sectional conduit used to convey fluid is

known as pipe.

The size of all pipe is identified by the nominal pipe size (NPS)

the outside diameters of tubes are numerically identical to the size

number for all sizes.

Up to and including size 12 inch the outside diameter is more than the

size designator.

Outside diameter of NPS 14 and larger pipe is the same as the size

designator in inches


19/28

Piping components

Fittings

90 deg elbow 45 deg elbow

Concentric reducer Eccentric reducer

Equal Tee Reducing Tee


20/28

Piping components

Flange Joints are used where joints need to be detached frequently due

to maintenance or any other means. Flange joints are to be used always

in pairs and are hold together by Bolts with proper Gaskets installed

between the two flange facing.

Various types of flanges uses are:-

Weld neck flange

Slipon flange

Socket weld flange

Lap joint flange

Threaded flange

Blind flange


21/28

Piping components

Gasketsare used to make fluid-resistant seal between two surfaces.

The common gaskets patterns for pipe flanges are the full-face and ring

types, for use with flat-faced and raised-face flanges respectively.

Widely-used materials for gaskets are compressed asbestos and

asbestos-filled metal. The filled-metal gaskets is especially useful if

maintenance requires repeated uncoupling of flanges, as the gaskets

separate cleanly and is often reusable.

Choice of gasket is decided by:

Temperature , pressure and corrosive nature of the conveyed fluid

Whether maintenance or operation requires repeated uncoupling

Code/environmental requirements that may apply

Cost


22/28

Piping components

Valves in the piping systems serve the functions of allowing, stopping,

regulating, and controlling the flow, to fulfill the intended objectives of

the system. Valves relieve the overpressure, help in maintaining or

breaking a vacuum. Valves also assist in maintaining the pressure or

temperature of the flow medium within the desired range or limit.

Piping special

Items purpose

Strainers to control solid particle size in the media

Steam Traps to remove condensate from steam lines

Air Traps to remove moisture from air lines

Flame Arrestors to prevent propagation of fire into equipments

Sight Glasses to provide visibility to flow

Vent Silencers to reduce noise level

Hoses system to provide flexible connections in piping


23/28

Piping supports

Rest Axial stop/Directional StopAnchor

Resting and Guide

Spring Hanger

Rest

Dummy leg support

Trunnion support


24/28

Piping stress analysis

Objectives of piping stress analysis:

Nozzle load check with the allowable of the equipment

Ensure Stresses generated in the system are within allowable limit

Design of the Supporting Structure & restraints

Interference check

Solve the dynamic problems due to the mechanical vibration,

acoustic vibration, fluid hammer, two phase flow, PSV forces etc


25/28


Stress analysis using ceasarII


26/28


The behavior & failure of the system depend on the type of loading

applied or acting on the basis of designing due to which different types

of stresses generated within the system.

Types of load which are generated are classified as:

Primary VS secondary

Static VS dynamic

Sustain VS occasional


27/28



28/28

Q&A

Thank you

piping designing

Documents