pitocin

DRUG CLASSIFICATION/ MECHANISM

OF ACTION

INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICATIONS/ SIDE EFFECTS

PRINCIPLES OF CARE

TREATMENT EVALUATION

♥ Oxytocin (Pitocin) Classification:

Therapeutic: hormones

Pharmacologic: oxytocics

Mechanism of action: Stimulates

uterine smooth muscle, producing uterine contractions similar to those in spontaneous labor

Stimulates mammary gland smooth muscle, facilitating lactation

Has vasopressor and antidiuretic effects

Indications: Induction of labor

at term Facilitation of

uterine contraction at term

Facilitation of threatened abortion

Postpartum control of bleeding after expulsion of placenta

Used to promote let down in lactating women

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Anticipated

nonvaginal delivery

Pregnancy

Side effects: Coma, seizures,

fetal intracranial hemorrhage, hypotension, abruption placenta, increased uterine blood flow, hypersensitivity, hypochloremia, water intoxication

Fetal maturity, presentation, and pelvic adequacy should be assessed prior to administration of oxytocin for induction of labor.

Assess character, frequency, and duration of uterine contractions.

Monitor maternal blood pressure and pulse frequently and fetal heart rate continuously throughout administration.

This drug occasionally causes water intoxication.

Advice patient to expect contractions similar to menstrual cramps after administration has started.

Advise patient to administer nasal spray 2-3 minutes prior to planned breast feeding.

Onset of effective contractions

Increase in uterine tone

Effective letdown reflex


OF ACTION


PRINCIPLES OF CARE


♥ Phytomenadione (Vitamin K) Classification:

Therapeutic: antidotes, vitamins

Pharmacologic: fat-soluble vitamins

Mechanism of action: Required for

hepatic synthesis of blood coagulation factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X

Indications: Prevention and

treatment of hypoprothrombinemia

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity or

intolerance to benzyl alcohol

Side effects: Gastric upset,

flushing, rash, urticarial, hemolytic anemia, erythema, pain at injection site, swelling, allergic reactions, kernicterus

Monitor for frank and occult bleeding.

Prothrombin time should be monitored prior to and throughout vitamin K therapy to determine response to and need for further therapy.

Instruct patient to take this medication as ordered.

Cooking does not destroy substantial amounts of vitamin K.

Caution patient to avoid IM injections and activities leading to injury.

Advise patient to report any symptoms of unusual bleeding or bruising.

Emphasize the importance of frequent laboratory test to monitor coagulation factors.

Patients receiving vitamin K therapy should be cautioned not to take OTC medications without the advice of health care professional.

Prevention of hemorrhagic disease in the newborn

Prevention of spontaneous bleeding or cessation of leading in patients with hypoprothrombinemia


OF ACTION


PRINCIPLES OF CARE


♥ Terramycin (Oxytetracycline) Classification:

Therapeutic: anti-infectives

Pharmacologic: tetracyclines

Mechanism of action: Bacteriostatic

action against susceptible bacteria

Active against gram positive and gram negative bacteria

Indications: Prevention and

treatment of bacterial eye infections

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Last half of

pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the fetal risks

Use with caution in patients with renal insufficiency or hepatic impairment

Not recommended for use with methoxyflurane

lactation

Side effects: Irritation, diarrhea,

nephrotoxicity, photodermatitis , rashes, superinfection

Assess patient for infection at the beginning and throughout therapy.

Obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity before initiating therapy.

This medication is applied to the eye usually 2-4 times a day as ordered.

Do not wear contact lenses while using this medication.

Advice patient to wash hands first before applying the ointment.

Instruct patient to use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it.

Advise patient to report signs of superinfection.

Instruct patient to notify health care professional if symptoms do not improve within a few days for systemic preparations.

Caution patient to use sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent photosensitivity reactions.

Resolution of signs and symptoms of infection

DRUG THERAPEUTIC

RECORDS

pitocin

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