• It is an endocrine gland about the size of Pea , weighing 0.5 g .

• It is consider to be the “Master Gland” (B/c of its major influence in body activities) .

• It produce the growth which stimultes cell division & the growth of muscles & bones.

• Located at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus and attached to it by nerve

fibers

• Growth Hormone Production

• Production of Hormones That Act on Other Endocrine Glands

• Production of Hormones That Act on the Muscles and the Kidneys

• Endocrine Function Regulation

• Storage of Hormones Produced by the Hypothalamus

• Divided into two parts…

i) Anterior Pituitary Gland ii) Posterior Pituitary Gland

The anterior lobe produces The posterior lobe does

and releases hormones produce hormone

• Is size of Pea

• The anterior pituitary gland is the front lobe of the pituitary gland, which is found at the

floor of brain, called the sellaturcica.

Control chemical and Control growth and metabolism

Water balance in body

Stimulate growth and Maturation

of the gonads (that produces gametes; a testis or ovary)

GH Most tissues

TSH Thyroid gland

ACTH Adrenal gland

Prolactin Breast

FSH Ovaries and testes

LH Ovaries and testes

1) Growth Hormone ( GH ) :

• Stimulates the growth of bones muscles,

and other organ by increasing protein

synthesis.

• Affects protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism.

• Too little growth hormone secretion

can be result of Abnormal development

of the pituitary gland

2) Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) :

• Stimulated by Thyroidtropin-releasing

hormone (TRH)from hypothalamus

• Inhibit by Somatostatin from hypothalamus

• Stimulate the thyroid gland to secrete

hormone thyroxin

3) Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) :

• Stimulated by Corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH) from the

hypothalamus

• ACTH stimulate the adrenal gland(Cortex) to secret a hormone call

Glucocorticoids

4) Prolactin :

• Also know as lactogenic hormone

• Stimulated by prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH) from hypothalamus

• Inhibit(stop) by Dopamin from hypothalamus

• Target cell is mammary gland

• Stimulates the production of milk in the breast following pregnancy .

5) Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) :

In Male In Females

Stimulates production of sperm Stimulates maturation of ovarian

cells in the testes . follicle and secrete estrogen by

ovaries .

6) Lutenizing Hormone (LH) :

• Stimulated by gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH) from hypothalamus

In Males In Females

Stimulates the testes to secrete Stimulates release of ovum

testosterone by ovary

• After ovulation, it stimulate the formation of corpus luteum in ovary and secret hormone progesterone .

As it takes messages from For this reason it is ofte n

the brain ( via a gland called referred to as the master

Hypothalamus ) and uses these gland .

Messages to produce hormone

that effects many parts of body. Including stimulating all the

other hormone – producing gland

to produce their own hormones