joanh@austin.utexas.edu | @techedges

Pivot points for technology integration

Joan E. Hughes, Ph.D.

The University of Texas at Austin

Work licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Photos

Initiation of an innovation idea

Implementation

Institutionalization

Teaching and learning with technology is not rocket science!

It’s actually harder than rocket science. Photo: Library of Congress

Why is teaching and learning harder than rocket science?

#tltechlive

“The Black Box of the Classroom”

Photo: Joan Hughes

“…a complex, dynamic, and very messy multilevel system”

“…a tangled maze of structures, events,

and relationships”

Cuban, 2013, p. 163 Photo: Public Domain

Research-based SUCCESS Factors

classroom-based school-based

∧

#1 Technology Leadership

What leadership practices matter for technology integration?

#tltechlive

✓ Technology Leadership ✓ Students per computer ✗ Internet ✗ Hardware $/student ✗ Software $/student

Anderson & Dexter, 2005

48 of 50 states

NO technology preparation for future school leaders

Schrum, Galizio, & Ledesma, 2011

Photo: Cliff

Distributed technology leadership

Schrum & Levin, 2013 Photo: Iolanda Pensa

Hughes, De Zeeuw, & Ok, in press Photo by Jesse Dittmar, used w/ permission

Johnston, 2012 Farmer, 2013 Photo by Jesse Dittmar, used w/ permission

✓ Supportive principal ✓ Collaborative teachers ✓ Professional organizations ✗  Competitive instructional technologist ✗  Unsupportive principal ✗  Uncollaborative teachers

#2 Technology Vision

What’s your technology vision?

#tltechlive

“Superintendents have been pressed to purchase new hardware and software, in the belief that if technology were introduced to the classroom, it would be used, and if it were used, it would transform schooling.”

Cuban, 2001; 2013 Zhao & Conway, 2001

✓ Learner-focused ✓ Curricular-focused ✓ Pre-planned

Dexter, 2011 Hughes, De Zeeuw, & Ok, in press Photo: Wesley Fryer

Students are a constituent group that is often neglected, ignored, or forgotten.

Photo: Wesley Fryer Fullan, 2007

Warschauer, Zheng, Niiya, Cotton, and Farkas, 2014 Photo: GoogleMaps

Anderson & Dexter, 2000 Schrum & Levin, 2013 Hughes et al., in press

Top-down

Bottom-up

DEAD or

ALIVE?

Photo: TorenC

#3 Technology Professional Learning

What are the keys to professional learning that lead to successful

technology integration?

#tltechlive

Meaningful Change

(transforming student learning)

Change in

materials

Change in teacher practices

Change in teacher

beliefs

adoption of innovations

Rogers, 2003 Photo: Natebailey

✓ Technology specialists ✓ Learning opportunities ✓ Teacher bonuses ✓ Early release days ✓ Substitutes

Lin & Chiou, 2008 Dexter, 2011 Schrum & Levin, 2013 Photo: Jericho

✗  One-shot workshops ✗  Tool focus “50 apps…”

Photo: ЈеленаПродановић

General tech = “replacement” pedagogy

Dexter, 2011 Lawless & Pellegrino, 2007 Lin & Chiou, 2008 Schrum & Levin, 2013

Photo: Univ Fraser Valley

Hughes, 2003; 2004; 2005 Hughes, Kerr, & Ooms, 2005 Hughes & Ooms, 2004

POPs + Tech = Transformative learning

✓ Content-specificity ✓ Ongoing, long-term

Schrum, Galizio, & Ledesma, 2011

“[Leaders] uniformly stressed that the role of the school leader is essential in helping teachers establish a culture that values risk taking, promotes exploration, and celebrates innovation.”

grammar of schooling

Selwyn, 2011

a school’s engrained educational format

and goals

Selwyn, 2011

grammar of schooling:

“…we [math team] all need to do the same because everybody needs to have the same thing and equal and all the same time. If you don’t do that material and you don’t give them that quiz and that test, well that’s not fair. Your kids are making some frilly little project they’re going to get an “A” on, and my kids have to factor something which is hell.…”

✓ Include leaders in prof learning ✓ Drive change w/ librarians ✓ Enact tiered visioning ✓ Nurture content-specific tech PLCs ✓ Support real risk-taking

Top 5 Pivots!

Questions, Comments, Ideas

joanh@austin.utexas.edu | @techedges

Joan E. Hughes, Ph.D. The University of Texas at Austin

Work licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Graphics Attributions for

Presentation to Tech & Learning by Joan E. Hughes Austin, Texas

November 6, 2015 Slide 2 (Picture array of technologies): 1. Radio: Gaschurnpartenen at the German language Wikipedia [GFDL

(http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)], from Wikimedia Commons; http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Minerva_Radio_PERFECT_W_0524.jpg

2. TV: By Roketo2000 (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0-3.0-2.5-2.0-1.0)], via Wikimedia Commons; http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d7/Televisi%C3%B3n_peque%C3%B1a_blanco_y_negro.JPG

3. Computer: Tandy – public domain 4. Computer Lab: By Michael Surran (Flickr) [CC BY-SA 2.0

(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons; http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Students_working_on_class_assignment_in_computer_lab.jpg

5. Interactive Whiteboard: By svonog (flickr)[CC BY 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Interactive_whiteboard_at_CeBIT_2007.jpg

6. Document Camera: Photo: Cushing Library Holy Names University https://www.flickr.com/photos/hnulib/16324910934/

7. iPad: http://www.flickr.com/photos/intelfreepress/6310585622/sizes/o/in/photostream/ 8. Picture (girls): by Fancy Jantzi https://www.flickr.com/photos/jantzi/5386423632/ Slide 4 (Rocket) VIEW OF THE REDSTONE ROCKET TEST STAND LOOKING WEST. - Marshall Space Flight Center, Redstone Rocket (Missile) Test Stand, Dodd Road, Huntsville, Madison County, AL. Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, HAER, Reproduction number HAER ALA,45-HUVI.V,7A—3. http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/al1184.photos.046984p/ Slide 6 (Butterfly) Butterfly – Joan E. Hughes, Copyright 2015. Slide 7 (Maze) Maze; Public Domain: https://pixabay.com/en/maze-graphic-render-labyrinth-2264 Slide 14 (Principal) Thomas Jefferson Middle School Principal Sharon Monde, by Cliff; (CC BY 2.0) https://www.flickr.com/photos/nostri-imago/5049583135 Slide 15 (Small Group)

Committee Meeting, By Iolanda Pensa (Own work) [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons, https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AWikipedia_Primary_School_meeting_in_Cape_Town_June_2014_04.jpg Slide 16 (Librarian) Kristina Holzweiss, SLJ Librarian of the Year Image by Jesse Dittmar, Permission by photographer. http://www.slj.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/SLJ1509-SLOTY_Kristina.jpg http://www.slj.com/2015/08/industry-news/meet-kristina-holzweiss-sljs-2015-school-librarian-of-the-year/ Slide 21 (Children with iPads) Wesley Fryer: https://www.flickr.com/photos/wfryer/16939340525/in/set-72157651515604686 CC BY 3.0 Slide 22 (Children with teachers) Wes Fryer; http://www.speedofcreativity.org/2014/07/16/students-teach-about-redstone-wiring-in-minecraft/ CC BY 3.0 Slide 23 (Map) GoogleMaps; Created by Joan Hughes Slide 25 (Dead or Alive?) Filing Cabinets: Photo by TorenC: https://www.flickr.com/photos/torenc/61396515 CC BY 2.0 RSS: By User:ZyMOS [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons; https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d9/Rss-feed.svg All others – public domain, used with permission from companies. Slide 29 (Diffusion of innovations) "DiffusionOfInnovation". Licensed under CC BY 2.5 via Wikipedia - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:DiffusionOfInnovation.png Slide 30 (Money) By Jericho [CC BY 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons; https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Money_Cash.jpg Slide 31 (Large group) By Јелена Продановић (Own work) [CC BY-SA 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)], via Wikimedia Commons https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Conference_on_Open_education_and_teachers%27_digital_competences%2C_FON%2C_2014-48.JPG Slide 32 (Small group of women)

By University of the Fraser Valley; https://www.flickr.com/photos/ufv/13721946634/in/set-72157643661082604 CC BY 3.0

Referenced Research While most of these articles exist behind publisher pay-walls, your librarians can help you secure free copies of them through your own library services or through community libraries that offer lending and inter-library loan. If you’d like to read any of my research, contact me directly at joanh@austin.utexas.edu . Technology Leadership Anderson, R. E., & Dexter, S. (2005). School technology leadership: An empirical investigation of

prevalence and effect. Educational Administration Quarterly, 41(1), 49-82. doi:10.1177/0013161x04269517

Cuban, L. (2013). Inside the black box of classroom practice: Change without reform in American education. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Farmer, L. S. (2013). Librarians' roles in informatics to support classroom incorporation of technology. In J. Keengwe (Ed.), Research perspectives and best practices in educational technology integration (pp. 129-147). Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.

Hughes, J. E., De Zeeuw, A., & Ok, M. (in press). A case study of technology leadership in situ: A high school iPad learning initiative. Journal of School Leadership, 26(2).

Johnston, M. P. (2012). Connecting teacher librarians for technology integration leadership. School Libraries Worldwide, 18(1), 18-33. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=eue&AN=70862329&site=ehost-live

Schrum, L., Galizio, L. M., & Ledesma, P. (2011). Educational leadership and technology integration: An investigation into preparation, experiences, and roles. Journal of School Leadership, 21(2), 241-261.

Schrum, L., & Levin, B. B. (2013). Leadership for twenty-first-century schools and student achievement: Lessons learned from three exemplary cases. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 16(3), 379-398.

Technology Vision Anderson, R. E., & Dexter, S. L. (2000). School technology leadership: Incidence and impact (6). Retrieved

from http://http://www.crito.uci.edu/tlc/findings/report_6/ Cuban, L. (2001). Oversold and underused: Computers in the classroom. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University

Press. Cuban, L. (2013). Inside the black box of classroom practice: Change without reform in American education.

Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Dexter, S. (2011). School technology leadership: Artifacts in systems of practice. Journal of School

Leadership, 21(2), 166-189. Fullan, M. (2007). The new meaning of educational change (4th ed.). New York: Teachers College. Hughes, J. E., De Zeeuw, A., & Ok, M. (in press). A case study of technology leadership in situ: A

high school iPad learning initiative. Journal of School Leadership, 26(2). Schrum, L., & Levin, B. B. (2013). Leadership for twenty-first-century schools and student

achievement: Lessons learned from three exemplary cases. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 16(3), 379-398.

Warschauer, M., Zheng, B., Niiya, M., Cotten, S., & Farkas, G. (2014). Balancing the One-To-One Equation: Equity and Access in Three Laptop Programs. Equity & Excellence in Education, 47(1), 46-62. doi:10.1080/10665684.2014.866871

Zhao, Y., & Conway, P. (2001, January 27). What's in, what's out—An analysis of state educational

technology plans. Retrieved from http://www.tcrecord.org Technology Professional Learning Hughes, J. E. (2003). Toward a model of teachers' technology-learning. Action in Teacher Education,

24(4), 10-17. Hughes, J. E. (2004). Technology learning principles for preservice and in-service teacher education.

Contemporary Issues on Technology in Education, 4(3). http://www.citejournal.org/vol4/iss3/general/article2.cfm

Hughes, J. E. (2005). The role of teacher knowledge and learning experiences in forming technology-integrated pedagogy. Journal of Technology and Teacher Education, 13(2), 277-302. Retrieved from http://dl.aace.org/16971

Hughes, J. E., Kerr, S. P., & Ooms, A. (2005). Content-focused technology inquiry groups: Cases of teacher learning and technology integration. Journal of Educational Computing Research, 32(4), 367-380.

Hughes, J. E., & Ooms, A. (2004). Content-focused technology inquiry groups: Preparing urban teachers to integrate technology to transform student learning. Journal of Research on Technology in Education, 36(4), 397-411.

Lawless, K. A., & Pelligrino, J. W. (2007). Professional development in integration technology into teaching and learning: Knowns, unknowns, and ways to pursue better questions and answers. Review of Educational Research, 77(4), 575-614.

Lin, F., & Chiou, G. (2008). Support-seeking and support-giving relationships of school technology coordinators. British Journal of Educational Technology, 39(5), 922-927.

Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: The Free Press. Schrum, L., Galizio, L. M., & Ledesma, P. (2011). Educational leadership and technology

integration: An investigation into preparation, experiences, and roles. Journal of School Leadership, 21(2), 241-261.

Schrum, L., & Levin, B. B. (2013). Leadership for twenty-first-century schools and student achievement: Lessons learned from three exemplary cases. International Journal of Leadership in Education, 16(3), 379-398.

Selwyn, N. (2011). Schools and Schooling in the Digital Age : A Critical Analysis. Hoboken: Routledge.