pku3105 techniques of teaching speaking skills

8/3/2019 PKU3105 Techniques of Teaching Speaking Skills

1/31

- Developing Vocabulary -

by HAFIZA IZZATI BINTI HAMZAH


2/31

What is vocabulary?

The words which make up a constitute its vocabulary.

A person's vocabulary is the set of words within a language that

are familiar to that person.

A vocabulary usually grows and evolves with age, and serves

as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and

acquiring knowledge.

Acquiring an extensive vocabulary is one of the largest

challenges in learning a second language.


3/31

Developing Vocabulary

Chanell (1988) suggest that a new vocabulary items is acquired

when the learner can identify its meaning in and out of context

and is able to use appropriately and naturally.

To know a word fully, a student has to be aware of many

features.

For example :


4/31

RUN

Know what it means in thecontext

Move quickly on foot

How it is similar to or differentfrom other words with similar

meaningJog, race, dash

Other meaning it could haveA period of time,

enclosed space for

rearing chickens

How the word changesdepending on its grammar

Ran, runs, running

How the word can be usedwith another words and themeaning these phrases have

Run into, run over

The situation in which theword is used

He will run in theolympics


5/31

Techniques for Teaching

Vocabulary

Visual Techniques

Use concrete items

- Real object

- Photo graphs

- Flashcards

- Blackboard drawing

** a single picture is worth a

thousand words.

Verbal Techniques

When dealing with abstract items ofvocabulary, verbal techniques are

very useful

Use of synonyms and definitions

Use of context (text, anecdotes,songs)

Word part clues (base / root word)

Vocabulary group

eg: ways of walking march, stroll,

stagger, plod, limp


6/31

Khairunnisa Binti

Jassni

PISMP PK (BM)/PJ

[PK 2]

90114-08-5212


7/31

Techniques of teaching speaking skills

Developing vocabularyTeaching sentence patterns


8/31

SENTENCE PATTERNS

Sentences are the first goal in writing,

and although they may be compared

to baby steps, they are not just for theyoung grades. Even adult authors

need to know the different ways to

craft sentences and to combinesentences.

There are rules that govern sentence

building, and amazingly there are


9/31

Subjec

ts Clause

s

Verbs


10/31

In its simplest form, an English

sentence has two parts:

y a subject and a verb that express a

complete thought when they are

together.

The subject shows who or what is

doing the action.I

t is always someform of noun or pronoun.

The verb shows the action or the state

of being.It can be an action verb, like" " " "


11/31

Examples of simple two word

sentences include:yMarvin slept.

yDogs bark.

y Isotopes react.


12/31


13/31

A clause is the combination of asubject and a verb.

Divided by two:

y IndependentyDependent


14/31


15/31

Before Sentences Come the

Clauses

Sentence writing is built on a

foundation of understandingwhat independent clauses and

a dependent clauses are.yindependent clause can

stand alone


16/31

Batikisa popular

handicraft purchased by

tourists.

Although I washed my

new batikincold water.

Independent Clause

Dependent Clause


17/31


18/31

Once you understand independent

and dependent clauses, you can learn

the rules to putting them together to

make sentences.

There are five main sentence pattern


19/31


20/31


21/31

Simple sentences are important inwriting because they are the building

blocks. But you don't want each and

every sentence in your paragraph or

essay to be a simple one.

A paragraph full of simple sentences

sounds childish.


22/31

EXAMPLES

I am learning

Chinese painting.

The supplies are

inexpensive.

Last Friday I

learned to paint a

sparrow

Paintingis a good

hobby


23/31


24/31

Use a semicolon between the two

independent clauses.To use a semicolon, the sentencesshould be very closely related in

meaning Use a comma and a coordinating

conjunction between the twoindependent clauses.

An easy way to remember thesecoordinating conjunctions isFANBOYS.


25/31


26/31

EXAMPLES

I am learning Chinese painting,and

last Friday I learned to paint asparrow.The supplies are inexpensive,

so I think this is a good hobby for me.


27/31


28/31

Now we can start using dependent

clauses in our sentences.

We know that a dependent clauseneeds to be attached to an

independent clause.


29/31

after as much as if

although as soon as once

as as though since

as if even if till

as long as even

though

when


30/31

And there are two ways to do that.

yYou can put it before or after an

independent clauseThe rule is

y Independent clause dependent

clause.Dependent clause COMMA

independent clause.


31/31

EXAMPLESBecause I want a creative hobby, I am

learning Chinese painting.Even though

I'm just starting, last Friday I learned to

paint a sparrow. If you shop in a localstore, the supplies are inexpensive.

I am learning Chinese painting because I

want a creative hobby.Last Friday I

learned to paint a sparrow even thoughI'm just starting.The supplies are

inexpensive if you shop in a local store.

pku3105 techniques of teaching speaking skills

Documents