PlagiarismAn Academic Writing Issue at ICT

October 16, 2018

ELC Hall

Presentation Outline

• Defining Plagiarism

• Avoiding Plagiarism

• Common Documentation Styles

• Consequences

http://gladstone.vsb.bc.ca/library/cheating/

Do you know…

consequences of plagiarism?

in-text citation? reference list?

paraphrasing?

summarizing?

quoting directly?

The word plagiarize actually comes from the Latin plagiare - to kidnap (Oxford English Dictionary).

When you plagiarize, you’re taking (or kidnapping!) someone else’s work.

Basic Definition of Plagiarism

Getting Started…

What is Plagiarism?

Plagiarism means using another’s work

without giving them credit and saying that

it is your own.

From: Mirka, 2004, The Plagiarism Trap. PowerPoint Presentation

Types of sources

Examples of Plagiarism

• Copying and pasting text from online encyclopedias

• Copying and pasting text from any web site

• Using photographs, video or audio without permission or acknowledgement

• Using another student’s work and claiming it as your own even with permission

• Using your own work without properly citing it! (self-plagiarism)

From: Mirka, 2004, The Plagiarism Trap. PowerPoint Presentation

More Examples of Plagiarism

• Quoting a source without using quotation marks, even if you do cite it

• Citing sources you didn’t use

• Getting a research paper, story, poem, or article off the Internet

• Submitting the same paper for more than one class without the permission of both teachers (this is also considered self-plagiarism)

From: Mirka, 2004, The Plagiarism Trap. PowerPoint Presentation

How to Avoid Plagiarism…

• Use your own words and ideas.

• Always give credit to the source

where you have received your

information.

• If you use someone’s exact words,

put them in quotes and give credit

using in-text citations. Include the

source in your references.

From: Mirka, 2004, The Plagiarism Trap. PowerPoint Presentation

1. Paraphrase-

Use your own words but maintain the

meaning

How to Avoid Plagiarism…

How do I paraphrase?

Original Text

Omani college students are hard working

people.

The Omani college students

are working hard.

Acceptable Paraphrasing

The college students who come from

Oman show qualities of diligence.

Unacceptable Paraphrasing

2. Summary

MAKE IT SHORTER but USE YOUR OWN

WORDS

Because this is just a restatement of an

author’s idea/s, a summary should not

contain your opinions and conclusions

about the subject matter.

Manlapaz, E.Z., & Francisco, M.E. (2005). The new Anvil guide to research paper writing. Pasig: Anvil

Publishing, Inc.

Long text

Going to college is important for

young people. When in college,

students learn different skills that

they can use when they start

working. These skills include

critical thinking, technical skills

and communication skills. They

also get to meet some people

that they can work with as they

plan for their career.

Summary

Students need to go to

college because it is a time

when they acquire various

skills and meet important

people as they become

professionals.

CITE your sources

• Who wrote it?

• Where did you get it?

• When was it written?

Women are more successful

than men. Additionally, they are

more intelligent because they

study harder then men. During

graduation, the women receive

more awards. They easily get

jobs and when they start

working, they become

managers immediately.

According to Smith (2005),

women are more successful

than men. Additionally, they

are more intelligent because

they study harder then men.

During graduation, the

women receive more

awards. They easily get jobs

and when they start working,

they become managers

immediately.

• In-Text Citation

–You have to write in your paper where you get what you are putting in your paper.

–In other words, you have to write your source.

–Use APA style

APA Style

• American Psychological

Association

• Documentation style

• Used in colleges and

universities by students and

teachers

CITATIONS IN TEXT

Definition

In text citations identify the source of a quotation or a

personal communication used in research. Format

like this (author’s last name, publication date, page

number p. or pp.).

FORMATS OF CITATION

• In the beginning

• Berfield (1996) explains,

“Carbon monoxide poisons the blood while lead

damages red blood cells,

hurts the liver and kidneys,

and can cause

neurological damage” (p. 36).

Still in the beginning

Example

In 1996, Botelho claims that

“humans have the unique ability to

construct for themselves what they

desire; such is the power to reason”(p. 38).

In the middle or end

Example

Acupressure is not recommended for women

during their menstrual period because the

heavier blood flow can cause discomfort

(Shepherd, 1996).

Example of quotations…

It was revealed, “because N-Gen children are born

with technology, they assimilate it. Adults must

accommodate a different and much more difficult

process” (Smith, 1996, p. 36).

(period after the in-text citation)

Quotation Examples…

2. More than 40 words (Block Quotation)

The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association

(2010) explains how to avoid plagiarism:

Quotation marks should be used to indicate the exact words of

another. Each time you paraphrase another author (i.e.,

summarize a passage or rearrange the order of a sentence and

change some of the words), you need to credit the source of

the text. (p.15)

(punctuation at end of quote, before the citation)

Citation Example 1

As stated, “anything takes on a new

meaning when we think of it as a

monument” (Boorstin, 1987, p. 215)

and adds that monuments can be

both man-made and natural.

Note punctuation

Citation Example 2

Johnston and Cutchins (1988) state that “life is hard

for animal babies of all kinds, but for young reptiles,

surviving their first year is especially difficult” (p. 36).

To put two authors in the brackets, you must use

the ampersand “&” symbol.

(Johnston & Cutchins, 1988, p. 36)

For more than 3 authors, you may use the Latin

phrase “et al.” which means “and the rest”(Abrams, et al., 2010, p. 345)

Personal Communication

Personal communications include e-mail letters, telephone

conversations, interviews, etc.

These can be teachers, doctors, businessmen or people who

are experts about your research.

Author Martine Bates

(personal communication,

January 25, 2011) says that

more women read than men.

Example

Special Consideration: The INTERNET

WHY?

• Internet sites must be evaluated very carefully for reliability, as all sources are not authoritative or trustworthy.

Who wrote it? What’s the source? Contact info?

Is the info accurate? Appropriate? Reliable?

When was the information last updated?

Does it agree with other credible sources?

Reference List

• The list found in the last

part of the research

• ALL the names of the

authors mentioned in the

research should be here

• ALPHABETICALLY arranged

Reference list entry: Book

Book: basic form; first edition, single author, read in print

Baxter, C. (1997). Race equality in health care and

education. Philadelphia: Ballière Tindall.

Book: basic form, later edition, two authors, read in print

Hyde, J. S.,& Delamater, J. (2008). Human Sexuality (10th ed.)

New York: McGraw-Hill.

Book: editors in place of authors

Castellanos, J., Gloria, A. M., & Kamimura, M. (Eds.).

(2006). The Latina/o pathway to the Ph.D.: Abriendo

caminos. Sterling, VA: Stylus.

References

Go to the back of your document, and

on a SEPARATE piece of paper…

Centre the word “References” (not

bolded) at the top of the page.

Give the full information on how to

access your sources, in alphabetic

order, (sort↓) and a hanging indent.

Double-space the whole page.

References

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual

of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.).

Washington, DC: Author.

APA Style.Org (2005). Electronic references: Citations in text of

electronic material. Retrieved from

http://www.apastyle.org/electext.html

Calgary Board of Education. (2000). References and citations in

text: Formats for student research. Retrieved from

http://www.cbe.ab.ca/sss/ssspdf/ref-citations-05-00.pdf

SAMPLE

How does plagiarism affect you?

WHAT happens if you plagiarize?

Policy on Plagiarism

Plagiarism is an important policy at Ibra

College of Technology (Article 77.2, Part

Nine of the College Bylaws) and the

principle of “respect for intellectual

property” (Art. 75.7, Part Eight of the

College Bylaws).

Sanctions

•Warning and repeat the work

•Zero mark and Suspension

•Dismissal

References

Central Michigan University. (n.d.) Sample Cover Letter. Retrieved from

http://www.cel.cmich.edu/forms/Sample-Survey-Cover-Letter.pdf

COS Writing Lab. (n.d.) Plagiarism and MLA. Retrieved from

www.siskiyous.edu/writinglab/powerpoints/plagiarism.ppt

Lesler, J. (1990). Writing research papers: A complete guide (6th ed.) USA:

Harper Collins Publishers, Inc.

Letter Writing: Reading and Thoughtfully Corresponding. (n.d.) Retrieved

from troy.troy.edu/studentsupportservices/presentations/.../LetterWriting

Manlapaz, E.Z., & Francisco, M.E. (2005). The new Anvil guide to research

paper writing. Pasig: Anvil Publishing, Inc. Mirka. (2004). The Plagiarism

Trap. PowerPoint Presentation. Retrieved from

webzoom.freewebs.com/mrvital/Plagiarism.ppt

Plata, S., Mirador, J., Dayag, D., & Chua, H.F. (2002). Thinking and writing

research: A complete guide to independent research paper writing.

Manila: De La Salle University Press.

Walrath, S. (n.d.) Plagiarism. Retrieved from

www.tuhsd.k12.az.us/MDN/departments/lrtc/plagiarism.ppt

Thank You!