planning chicago
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presentation before the American Planning Association Tuesday, May 21, 2013. Planning Chicago. Jon B. DeVries, AICP Director, Marshall Bennett Institute of Real Estate D. Bradford Hunt Associate Professor of Social Science and History. Planning Chicago. Chicago… - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Planning Chicago
Jon B. DeVries, AICPDirector, Marshall Bennett Institute of Real
Estate
D. Bradford HuntAssociate Professor of Social Science and
History
presentation before the
American Planning Association
Tuesday, May 21, 2013
Planning Chicago
Chicago…
•Once planned confidently: 1958-1974
•Has been innovative in Industrial Policy: 1983-2003
•Struggled with Neighborhood Planning: 1950s - present
•Needs to implement recent plans: 2000 - present
•Faces serious challenges: present and beyond
•Should reinvigorate the planning function in the city
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Chicago Plans Confidently
Comprehensive Planning for the city’s future, 1958-
1974
The Heyday of Modern Planning in Chicago
1958 - 1973
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1958 1966 1973
Richard J. Daley Consolidates Planning Power, 1956-1957
• Creates Public Building Commission of Chicago (1956)
• Enacts Zoning Reform (1957)
• Creates Department of City Planning (1957)
Development Plan for the Central Area of Chicago, 1958
• “Compact, accessible Loop”
• 50,000 new residents (middle-class)
• New University of Illinois campus
• Limited clearance and displacement
• Endorsed Transit expansion
Growth Coalition
Mayor Richard J. Daley and city leaders viewing model of 1958 Development Plan for the Central Area of Chicago
Railroad Space in Chicago,
1930Encyclopedia of Chicago,
2004
Development Plan for the Central Area of Chicago, 1958
Downtown Living: Marina City (1963)
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University of Illinois Campus, no date, 1970s
New University of Illinois Campus (1964)
Harrison-Halsted site under clearance, 1962
Clearance for new campus
Clearance of Harrison-Halsted area for UIC campus
Transit Investment, 1950s
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The 1966 Comprehensive Plan of Chicago
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• 16 sub-area plans for neighborhoods
• $500 million in capital spending per year
• Follow-on regulatory framework plans
• Chicago 21 plan for central area
The 1966 Comprehensive Plan of Chicago
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Follow-on Regulatory Plan: Illinois Center
Illinois Central Rail Yards, 1947
Illinois Center and Lakeshore East, 2012
Follow-on Regulatory Plans:Lakefront Plan (1972) and Riveredge Plan
(1974)
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Chicago 21
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• Bold plans for downtown living
• Bold Plans for Near South (Dearborn Park)
• Transit ideas
• State Street Mall
“Chicago 21” (1973) and Dearborn Park
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“Chicago 21” (1973) and State Street Mall
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1983 Central Area Plan: World’s Fair
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Innovative Industrial Policy
Planning for Jobs,1983 - 2003
Industrial Policy and Planning
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• Planned Manufacturing Districts
– Goose Island
• Industrial Corridors
– North Branch, Calumet Region
• Planning for Job Growth
– Ford Plant and Auto Supplier Park
• Planning for Infrastructure
– CREATE (freight rail)
Context: Recession of 1981-1982
25 Shuttered LTV Steel plant, shuttered in 2001
North Branch
Industrial Corridor(includes
Goose Island)
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Goose Island,
Planned Manufacturing District,
2012
Goose Island: Wrigley Innovation Center and A. Finkl
Steel
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City of Chicago
Industrial Corridors,
2011
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Industrial Corridors: Calumet
Area Land Plan2001
Planning for Jobs: Ford’s Chicago Assembly Plant
Calumet Industrial Corridor
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Chicago Auto Supplier Park
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Planning for Infrastructure:CREATE plan for freight rail
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Map of CREATEProjects,
2011
Employment Disappointing, 2002-2010
• Industrial corridors: lost 19,279 jobs, or 16.3%• City of Chicago: gained 15,569, a modest
1.3%• Cook County (non-City): lost 72,080, or 5.7%• State of Illinois: lost 35,640, or 0.6%• U.S.A.: gained 2.3 million, or 2.1%• Manufacturing decline unabated: 37,434 in
City; 53,761 more in Cook; 187,761 Statewide
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Neighborhood Planning Struggles
Race, class, and the neighborhoods
Neighborhood Planning Struggles
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• Urban Renewal
– 1950s
• Community Conservation
– 1950s and 1960s
• Backlash against Planning
– 1970s and 1980s
• The Return of Planning
– LISC Quality of Life Plans
Uptown, 2012
Neighborhood Planning: Urban Renewal
Lake Meadows (complete) and future South Commons site, 1955
Urban Renewal on Chicago’s South Side, 1954
Neighborhood Planning: Community Conservation
Community Conservation in the 1966
Comprehensive Plan
Lincoln Park Neighborhood: vacating Ogden Avenue
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The Woodlawn Organization
Neighborhood Planning: Backlash against Top-Down Planning and
theRise of Community-Based Planning
Neighborhood Planning: Uptown and “People’s Planning,” 1968
Neighborhood Planning: Uptown, Voice of the People
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Mayor Harold Washington and Jobs
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Local Initiatives Support Corporation (LISC) New Communities Program
“Quality-of-Life” planning process
Englewood Quality of Life Plan, 2005
Chicago Needs to Implement
Recent PlansCentral Area Plan 2003Central Area Action Plan
2009
Chicago Central Area Plan, 2003
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Office Growth in West Loop, Chicago Central Area Plan, 2003
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West Loop Transportation Center, 2003
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West Loop Transportation Center, 2003
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Transitways, 2003
Central Area Plan
Transitway under Monroe Street, 2003
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Residential Growth (2001- 2009)
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RetailGrowth (2001- 2009)
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HotelGrowth (2001- 2009)
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Central Area Action Plan, 2009Transportation needs
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Central Area Action Plan, 2009
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Central Area Action Plan, 2009
Transportation Projects
Olympic Bid
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Challenges for the present and future
Will the city rise to them?
Population, Race, and Immigration
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Population Change,
2000-2010
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Income ChangeGrowth,
1999-2009
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Tax Increment Financing Districts
2011
State of Planning in Chicago
Chicago no longer has a Department of Planning
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Mayor Planning Department Name Planning Commissioner
2006
Richard M. Daley(1989-2011)
Department of Planning and Development
Lori T. Healey
2007Arnold L. Randall, Jr.2008
2009 Department of Zoning and Land Use Planning (DZP) Patricia A. Scudiero
2010
2011Department of Housing and Economic Development Andrew J. MooneyRahm I. Emmanuel2012
2013
Mayor Emanuel and Planning
• “Privatization of Planning”
– World Business Chicago
– OECD Territorial Review
• “Quick Recruitment Hits”
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Planning Chicago Agenda
• Increase transit capacity
• Adapt industrial policy to rapidly changing needs
• Implement existing Central Area plans
• Pursue robust neighborhood planning
• Assert planning as a priority
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Planning Chicago Agenda
We need three Pillars to succeed:
•City – strong city hall plans and decisions
•Business – generous support and advocacy
•Community – a shared civic vision for future
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