planning for climate change adaptation in kampala · shuaib lwasa department of geography...
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Planning for Climate Change
Adaptation in Kampala
Shuaib Lwasa
Department of Geography Geoinformatics and Climatic Sciences
Adaptation Metrics and Techniques for Agriculture and Water
Within the framework of the International Conference on
“Adaptation Metrics for Agriculture, Water and Resilient Cities”
24-25October 2018, UM6P - Benguerir, Morocco
Outline Introduction
Definitions
Adaptation
Adaptation Planning
Principles
Method
Case study
Profiling climate change actions and formulation of a plan
Vulnerability
Exposure
ƒ Sensitivity
Adaptive capacity
Stimulus
Statistical change in
meteorological variables
Exposure Unit
Operator of
action Receptor unit
Means: Resources,
Knowledge, Power For Planned Adaptation
Klaus Eisenack and Rebecca Stecker 2012
Adopted from Berrang L, 2012
Adaptation to what? • Flooding is the major climate
risk in Kampala
• Excess runoff exceeding the capacity of drains or streams
• Knock-on effects on Health
•Hydrological assessment
•A severe flood occurs at least every
year and the greatest flood
occurrence happened between 2000
and 2011
Legend
Roads
<all other values>
Tarmac Road
Murram Road (All weather)
XY XY XY Murram Road (Dry weather)
Motorable Track
Railway
Others
Spatial Vulnerability Index
Value
High : 9
Low : 1
Results
•The flood waters recede after a period of
between 1 day to 1 week
•Types of slow onset and flash floods
What actors are involved in adaptation? Governments
Corporations??
International institutions
Development Banks??
Donors
NGOs
Research institutions
people of poor countries in the frontline – urban poor, city authorities,
Linkages – how? Who? CBA?
Entry Point for adaptation Institutional readiness for adaptation important
Systems change, institutional realignment and comprehensive approach
The importance of urban infrastructure systems to support local adaptation
Soft systems support and ‘Transformative development’
The bulk of work lies at local level and the urban dwellers role is critical
Participatory Process
Engagement of
Stakeholders
Through to
Implementation of pilot
actions
Engagement with Stakeholders
Regular meetings with
the core stakeholder
group
Public consultation
methods to acquire
feedback
Participatory Adaptation Planning
Pathway
Phase 1:
Co-Diagnosis with
stakeholder
Phase 2:
Co-Testing
Phase 3:
Cycle loop
Neighbourhood Design
Livestock Poultry Crops
Gathering Views of stakeholders
Beneficiaries
The envisaged
neighborhood
Plot Utilization
Space-Confined Productive Greening
Micro to City Scale
Scaling adaptation
solutions • SuDS Solutions
• Plot level SuDS
• Public area SuDS
• Maintenance & Sustainability
• Related policy needs
combination of catchment planning / management and
engineering solutions
prevention of runoff through flood retention upstream
followed by slow release
Taking it to scale • Compulsory SuDS as part of building applications:
• Building regulations to include SuDS principles, resulting in a maximum discharge from a given development site (e.g. max. X ltr/h/m2 or max X% of the rainfall or requiring zero site runoff)
• Planning to consider retention in sub-catchments
• Adaptive urban-design where appropriate
• But incentivised planning since planners are the developers
Flood mitigation from neighborhood to
catchment scale
• Trend growth and most new buildings from now on
have a compulsory grass strip of 2 meter on the plot
• A total of 16555 houses (> 660,000 m2 grass, “80
soccer fields”)
Episodic monitoring of
Disasters and Loss Data
Peril and Hazard
Classification
Spatial analysis and vulnerability Assessments Multi-level
system for data
capture
Scenarios,
planning for
preparedness
CAVEATS FOR PLANNED ADAPTATION AND ACTION
• INSTITUTIONAL REFORM AND READINESS •CAPACITY TO RESPOND IN A SYSTEMIC MANNER •THINKING BIG AND STARTING SMALL •ADAPTATION FUND
The Sprawl
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LEGALLY
BINDING
FRAMEWORK
SHUAIB LWASA CCCI KAMPLA
Requirements for Scaling Up
Local communities and institutions taking
action
Institutionalizing solutions
Innovative urban financing mechanisms
Embed risk reduction objectives
Address both adaptation and mitigation
Concluding remarks
Adaptation is locale and context specific
Adaptation is largely from learning by doing
Development can enhance resilience and thus adaptation to future impacts
The roles of different actors and entry points for adaptation
Thank you!
Thank you!
Thank you!