planning of cities
DESCRIPTION
PPT DOCUMENTTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PLANNING OF CITIES
Then, Now & Tomorrow!
![Page 2: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
DEFINITION OF A CITYThe city is an artifact that predates the industrial revolution.A city is a group of people and a number of permanent structures within a limited geographical area, so organized as to facilitate the interchange of goods and services among its residents and with the outside world. The cordon that encloses the area in which the density is 2500 people/ sq mile.In USA, a town is bigger than a village but smaller than a city; where as in England, Town does not necessarily indicate a specific size at all; a group of buildings on a farm could properly be called a town in Britain.
![Page 3: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
ORIGIN OF CITIES
There are different views regarding the origin of cities.
‘Mumford’
The Algonquin
The Iroquois
![Page 4: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Evolution of names of Indian cities:
Puram- city;a house - geha; a place containing a market and the like -hattadi-visishta-sttanam; a place of palaces or royal residence - puri; a town - Nagara; an emporium -pattanam; a local fastness -sthaniyam; a camp -katakam; a crossing of great highways-pattam; a commercial center-nigama; a place on a river side - putabhedanam.
![Page 5: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
ANCIENT TOWNS
![Page 6: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Babylon towns
![Page 7: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Egyptian towns
![Page 8: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Mohenjo-DaroA: Monastery
B: Bath
![Page 9: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Peking, China
![Page 10: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Lukang, Taiwan.
![Page 11: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Priene
![Page 12: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Pompeii, Italy
![Page 13: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Timgad
![Page 14: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
THE CLASSIC CITY
The cities created with highest excellence
![Page 15: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Miletus
![Page 16: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Acropolis
![Page 17: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
PRE-MEDIEVAL AND MEDIEVAL TOWNS
1000 AD onward
Walls around the city for defence and protection
Cities were very crowded
Fields and pastures were outside the ramparts
Some towns became centres of wider activities and others dwindled in size and importance.
![Page 18: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Elburg
![Page 19: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Noerdlingen
![Page 20: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Montpazier
![Page 21: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Carcassonne
![Page 22: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
RENAISSANCE TOWNS
15th century
Town extensions and reconstructions were carried out in this period
Guiding principle – Defence against artillery
Basic concept - Vista forming straight streets(The visual percept of a region)
Chess board pattern of street layout to create garden and fountains
![Page 23: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Vienna
![Page 24: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Jaipur
![Page 25: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Peking, China
![Page 26: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
MODERN CITIES
Mankind has been living in towns, big and small, from time immemorial and the pattern of the town plan has been influenced by various factors.
Some of the types of city pattern are as follows
![Page 27: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Circular Towns
![Page 28: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Star-Shaped Towns
![Page 29: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Superblock Towns
![Page 30: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Self-Contained Towns
![Page 31: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Town Plan- By MARS group
![Page 32: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Linear Towns
![Page 33: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Victor Gruen’s Metropolis
![Page 34: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
City Planning Concepts
![Page 36: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
E. Howard’s Garden City Concept
1.Central park with public Buildings
2.Crystal gallery for walking
3.Housing zone
4.School
5.Church
6.Industries
![Page 37: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
I.Leonidov’s City Planning concept
![Page 39: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
N.Milyuntin’s Planning Concept
1.Park area
2.Housing zone
3.Protective green
belt
4.Industrial area
5.Railroad terminal
![Page 40: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
N.Ladvosky’s Concept
1.Residential area
2.Industries
3.Administrative-
Political centre
![Page 41: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Le-Corbusier’s La-Villa Contemporaine
1.Rail terminal2.Sky scrappers3.Residential 6 storyBuildings4.Closed sites5.Garden city6.Public buildings7.English garden8.Stadiums9.Reserve land area10.Industrial centres
![Page 42: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Le-Corbusier’s Radiant City1.Residential area
2.Embassies & Hotels
3.Commercial & Administrative centres
4.Industries
5.Heavy Industries
6.Satellite Towns
7.Major highway & airport
![Page 43: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Le-Corbusier’s Chandigarh City Plan1.Government centres2.Shopping centres3.Industrial
establishments4.Residential districts5.Landscaped
residential through streets
6.University
![Page 44: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Doxidas’s Existensia1.Rawalpindi town2.Residential districts3.Shopping & commercial
centres4.Military zones5.Embassies6.Airport7.Old city8.Bus terminal9.Green space10.Industrial area11.Railwat area12.Highways
![Page 45: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
B.Malish’s Threshold theory
![Page 46: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
L.Kibil’s Ideal City Concept
1.Industrial area
2.Public centres
3.Local centres
4.Green spaces with sports grounds & pre-schooling facilities
![Page 47: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
PURPOSE OF THE PLANi. Master plan
ii. General plan
iii. Comprehensive plan
PROBLEMS IN PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
PRESENT PICTURE IN INDIA
![Page 48: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
CITY OF TOMORROW
Predictions
![Page 49: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Radio City1.Radio city2.Public & cultural
institutions3.Green belt4.Sports complex5.Ring road6.Radial road7.Multistory garage under
a landscaped platform8.Entrance to underground
garage
![Page 50: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
V.Iona’s -Funnel City1. Expressway
2. Park
3. Industrial establishments
4. City centre
5. Goods station
6. Railroad
7. Airport
8. Residential area
![Page 51: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
V.Iona’s-Floating Funnel City‘INTRA’1. Bridge from city to land2. Moorage platform
(berth)3. Underwater Funnel
lining lift with land roads
4. Central electric transform station
5. Anchored floating reservoirs
6. Floating pier
![Page 52: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
P.Meymont’s-Suspension Resort Town
![Page 53: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
P.Meymont’s – 3-Dimensional City
![Page 54: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
P.Meymont’s – Floating City
1. Funnel apartment building
2. Pyramid apartment building
3. Housing complex
4. Bridge
5. cliff
![Page 55: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Dwelling-67
![Page 57: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
G.Borisovsky’s Hanging City
![Page 58: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
V.Loktyev’s - Dynamic 3-Dimensional Vertical Structure
![Page 59: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
K.Pchelnikov’s 3-Dimensional City1. Administrative & public
buildings2. Elevated roads3. Underground tube
stations4. Public transport stops5. 30 story apartment
buildings6. Future residential
buildings (150m-300m high)
![Page 60: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
![Page 61: PLANNING OF CITIES](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022081412/54611d2bb1af9f7d228b4693/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
ConclusionThere are many works going on in the topic of planning & upgrading cities with increasing populationsIt is also possible to locate underground buildings & structures that practically do not require daylight such as cinema hall, cultural & service facilities where people come for only a short durationThe use of sub terrain space in large cities will make it possible to solve major city planning problems.