Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

““Experiences in the South of SpainExperiences in the South of Spain””

Padilla, F.  Padilla, F.  Cofradia de pescadores de Conil de la Frontera.Cofradia de pescadores de Conil de la Frontera.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Projects developed between 2000-2007.Projects developed between 2000-2007.

FirstFirst stage: TESTING TECHNOLOGIES. (2000-2003) stage: TESTING TECHNOLOGIES. (2000-2003)

Second stage: NEW SPECIES.(2003-2006)Second stage: NEW SPECIES.(2003-2006)

Third stage: FARMING.(2006-2008)Third stage: FARMING.(2006-2008)

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

First stage. Testing Technologies(2000-2003)First stage. Testing Technologies(2000-2003)

Main objectives.Main objectives.

• Technology improvement of the aquaculture sector.Technology improvement of the aquaculture sector.

• To search for new To search for new areasareas of aquaculture uses. of aquaculture uses.

Installation site.Installation site.

Installatión Gulf of Cádiz

Return period (years) Hs (meters) Hmax5 6,19 10,5210 6,49 11,0320 6,76 11,4950 7,09 12,05

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

First stage. Testing Technologies(2000-2003).First stage. Testing Technologies(2000-2003).

Cage selection.Cage selection.•REFA.REFA.

TLC 2000 m3. Flexible TLC 2000 m3. Flexible

sumergible.sumergible.

•CORELSA.CORELSA.

Hercules 6000 m3. Hercules 6000 m3.

Surface cage.Surface cage.

•OCEAN SPAR.OCEAN SPAR.

Sea Station 3000 m3. Sea Station 3000 m3.

Rigid submergible.Rigid submergible.

Results.Results.

• 25 T of fish in 12 months.25 T of fish in 12 months.

• No fish scapes.No fish scapes.

• Surface structures need more maintenanceSurface structures need more maintenance

Oceonographic data: Oceonographic data: waveswaves Hs= 5,5 m; wind=135km/h;current=73cm/secHs= 5,5 m; wind=135km/h;current=73cm/sec

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Second stage: New species (2003-2006).Second stage: New species (2003-2006).

Main objectives.Main objectives.

• Culture viability of new aquaculture species and characterization Culture viability of new aquaculture species and characterization

of the biological parameters.of the biological parameters...

• Continue with the first stage objectives and consolidate Continue with the first stage objectives and consolidate

aquaculture in the area.aquaculture in the area.

• C.C.

New installation site.New installation site.

Installation• Current registered increased Current registered increased

to 84cm/sec and the waves to 84cm/sec and the waves

registered go up to Hs 6.2.registered go up to Hs 6.2.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Second stage: New species (2003-2006).Second stage: New species (2003-2006).

Species.Species.

Increasing the number of structures.Increasing the number of structures.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Third stage: Farming(2006-2008).Third stage: Farming(2006-2008).

Main objectives.Main objectives.

• Transfer technology to the aquaculture sector.Transfer technology to the aquaculture sector.

• Involve the fishing sector.Involve the fishing sector.

• Icreasing installations. 25 long lines- 4 sea station.Icreasing installations. 25 long lines- 4 sea station.

• Target production 400 tonnes.(200 oyster-200 bass)Target production 400 tonnes.(200 oyster-200 bass)

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Third stage: Farming(2006-2008).Third stage: Farming(2006-2008).

Results.Results.

• Strong currents:Strong currents:

More flesh in the oysters.More flesh in the oysters.

Less fat in the fishes.Less fat in the fishes.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Regulation and managementRegulation and management experience.experience.

Who will move offshore? FarmersWho will move offshore? Farmers

Definition of offshore aquaculture. Advantages:Definition of offshore aquaculture. Advantages:• More than 3 milles. No visual impact.More than 3 milles. No visual impact.

• Less environmental impact.Less environmental impact.

• Use Use of submerged structures decreases maintenanceof submerged structures decreases maintenance..

• The higher frequency of the currents allow increasing the The higher frequency of the currents allow increasing the

cultivation loads, and decreases the growth time for the cultivation loads, and decreases the growth time for the

molluscs.molluscs.

• Less changes in cultivation conditions.Less changes in cultivation conditions.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Regulation and managementRegulation and management experienceexperience..

Insurance.Insurance.• No installation should start its operation No installation should start its operation

without the corresponding insurance.without the corresponding insurance.

• Insurance is available for offshore.Insurance is available for offshore.

• Insurance taxes. Annual decrease.Insurance taxes. Annual decrease.

• Stocking density. Can be increased with a rigid Stocking density. Can be increased with a rigid

cage in offshore conditions.cage in offshore conditions.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Regulation and managementRegulation and management experience.experience.

Levy.Levy.

• Offshore aquaculture needs more Offshore aquaculture needs more

area.area.

• A reduction of fee in offshre areas A reduction of fee in offshre areas

is needed.is needed.

• Mediterranean structures use Mediterranean structures use

to suffer accident because os to suffer accident because os

aglomeration of cages.aglomeration of cages.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Regulation and managementRegulation and management experience.experience.

Traffic maritime.Traffic maritime.• Important problem.Important problem.

• Offshore. Nobody driving the ships.Offshore. Nobody driving the ships.

• Our solution was go away from the traffic lines.Our solution was go away from the traffic lines.

Installation site

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Regulation and managementRegulation and management experience.experience.

Marketing.Marketing.

• Offshre sells.Offshre sells.

• Demand of this type of product.Demand of this type of product.

• Need for label regulation.Need for label regulation.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Regulation and managementRegulation and management experience.experience.

Technology development. Technology development.

• Technology is available.Technology is available.

• Production cost is reducing by Production cost is reducing by

less maintenance and longer life of less maintenance and longer life of

the streuctures.the streuctures.

• Stronger manufacture companies. Stronger manufacture companies.

Less cost of the structures.Less cost of the structures.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Regulation and managementRegulation and management experience.experience.

Technology development. Next step. Who?Technology development. Next step. Who?

• The companies interested in developing offshore technology do The companies interested in developing offshore technology do

not have enough financial capacity to face large scale research not have enough financial capacity to face large scale research

projects. projects.

• The big aquaculture materials companies are not interested in The big aquaculture materials companies are not interested in

developing technology products if there is insufficient demand. developing technology products if there is insufficient demand.

• The administrations have difficulties in financing this type of The administrations have difficulties in financing this type of

projects in the long term due to its size.projects in the long term due to its size.

• If the research is carried out in private farms, the results are not If the research is carried out in private farms, the results are not

distributed to the sector.distributed to the sector.

Planning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of SpainPlanning, Regulation and Management in off-shore aquaculture: Experience in the South of Spain

Experience in the South of SpainExperience in the South of Spain

Regulation and managementRegulation and management ..

CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

• Regulation is needed.Regulation is needed.

• The farmer needs economic advantages. The farmer needs economic advantages.

• Need of strong projects for technology development.Need of strong projects for technology development.