plant development how does plant development differ from animal development? where do the various...
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Plant Development
How does plant development differ from animal development?
Where do the various parts of a plant come from?
= hemicellulose
Plant Cell Wall
Cellulose microfibrils in cell wall
Microtubules beneath plasma membrane
Cellulose microfibril synthesis
Cellulose microfibrils of primary cell wall
Plant cell expansion:Loosen wall in a particular dimensionDrive expansion with turgor pressure
Secondary walls have more layers of polysaccharides, lignin cross-linking.A thicker wall cannot stretch.
Zhong and Ye (2007) Current Opinion in Plant Biology 10: 564-572
Arabidopsis embryo development inside the seed
Embryo fate map
Vegetative Shoot apical meristem (SAM)
Vegetative shoot apical meristem (SAM)
Bushy mutants of pea
Morris et al. (2001) Plant Physiology 126: 1205-1213
Umehara et al. (2008) Nature 455, 195-200
Mutants define the strigolactone biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis, pea, and rice
Synthesis
Response
Umehara et al. (2008) Nature 455, 195-200
GR24 inhibits bud outgrowth in strigolactone-deficient mutants
Rice Arabidopsis
Model for mechanism of apical dominance
Shoot apical meristem, leaf primordia
Root, Stem
Lateral bud
Strigolactonetransport
Auxin transport
Auxintransport(PIN proteins)
Strigolactone inhibits transport from lateral bud
Bud grows if it can export auxin
Root meristem
Confocal microscope image of Arabidopsis root
Cyclin::GFP
Which cells are the stem cells?
Which cells are the stem cells?
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0d 1d 3d 5d
Effect of ablation of quiescent center (QC) on tissue-specific marker gene expression
(from Sabatini et al., 1999, Cell 99: 463-472)
The Quiescent Center is the stem cell niche
Whole embryos can self-organize from somatic cells
Friday, April 9th – Class will be in 101 Greenlaw
Regulatory function of Rb protein
Wild type Rb-related RNAi silenced
Silencing Rb-related gene results in extra stem cells
Wildwater et al. (2005) Cell 123: 1337-1349
(Brown marks starch in differentiated root cap cells.)
Control Ectopic Rb-related expression
Ectopic expression of Rb-related gene results in loss of stem cells
Wildwater et al. (2005) Cell 123: 1337-1349
(slight overexpression)
(strong overexpression)