plant facilitation and animal interaction research gaps
TRANSCRIPT
community ecology is dead
@cjlortie
long live network ecology
millions of plants are not necessarily a network
individuals counted are not necessarily interactions
examine one thing at a time
maybe two
ignore
ignore
ignore
ignore
habitat
resource
difficult to be an expert
pairwise contrasts
maybe two & sometimes iterative sets of two
two is not double the work
3
two
3
interaction set model
explore viability of this model
scientific synthesis is the integration of evidence
synthesis
counterweight to hyper-specialization
copes with data deluge
diversity promotes discovery
conceptualizes complexity
controlled vocabulary
data
combine & mine disparate datasets
develop novel insight tools
integrate theoreticians, practitioners, & modelers
link to education & application
scientific synthesis
what connects & what matters
synthesis tools
textbook examples
narrative reviews
vote counting
combining probabilities
systematic reviews
meta-analysis
narrative vote probability meta
study restriction no no no yes
statistical significance yes yes yes no
n & power no no yes yes
mean effect no no yes yes
magnitude of effect no no no yes
variation no no no yes
hypothesis or problem
set of studies
predictions or queries
research landscape = systematic review
evidence = meta-analysis
A systematic review attempts to identify, appraise and synthesize all the empirical evidence that meets pre-specified eligibility criteria to answer a given research
question. Researchers conducting systematic reviews use explicit methods aimed at minimizing bias, in order to
produce more reliable findings that can be used to inform decision making.
evidence = meta-analysis
A meta-analysis is a systematic review (to some extent)that includes strength of evidence.
- usually an effect size estimate.
e +
weighted difference of t - c
Rii = (t - c)/(t + c)
lnRR = natural log(t/c)
meta-analysis contrasts & combines evidence from different studies using effect size measures and appropriate statistics
first step is drawing the big picture of how facilitation in plants & animals connect
3
Alohomora
systematic review of plant facilitation complexes with animals
positive interactions globally
shrub-animal-plant & shrub-plant-animal
n = 77evidence map
consilience in form and function between plants and animals
shrub interactions with animals
direct 54% indirect 46%
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examples of field approaches
Westphal, Bean, Butterfield, Michalet
shrub-animal-plant & shrub-plant-animal
Noble, Liczner, Butterfield
Liczner, Westphal
Westphal & Liczner
Ruttan
count & co-occurrence
alternative mechanisms - ecophysiology
coupler
mechanisms
indirect shrub effects on annuals
ecophysiology & mechanisms
direct microclimatic drivers
ecophysiology & mechanisms
direct microclimatic drivers
ecophysiology & mechanisms
ecophysiology & mechanisms
opportunities
extended phenotype
many outward products including animal artefacts
nested complexes of interactions
bidirectional plant-animal interactions
contrasted interaction strengths
management of high-stress ecosystemsneeds comprehensive estimates of community dynamics
novelty proposed is purely in leverage of both plant facilitation and established animal ecology
ecophysiology needed
ecoblender.org