plant location and plant layout

Plant location and Plant Layout.

Plant Location. “A Plant should be located at a place

where inhabitants are interested in its success, the product can be sold profitably and production cost is minimum.”

- Dr. Vishweshwarya. “Plant location is often result of

compromise among conflicting social, economic and geographical conditions.”

- Lansburg.

Plant Location

Man, Money, Material, Means of Power, Momentum to

early start.

Market, Motive, Means of

Communication, Management, Machinery,

Dr. Vishweshwarya says that decision of plant location is based on 10 M’s, viz:-

Factors for choice of Plant Location.

1. Availability of Raw materials.2. Nearness to potential market.3. Near to source of Operating

requirements.4. Supply of Labour.5. Transportation facilities.


6. Integration with other Companies.7. Suitability of land and climate.8. Availability of housing and other

amenities.9. Local Rules and regulations or

Government Policies.10. Safety requirements.


11. Easy start up.12. Past records.13. Personal factors.

Plant Location.

Weber’s theory of Plant Location.Factors affecting plant location

Primary Secondary

Transportation Labour

Raw Materials Finished goods

Localised Ubiquitous

Pure R.M Gross R.M

Plant Layout Layout is a Fundamental of every

organization and enterprise. Kitchen, Retailers, offices, service

organization and all the enterprises have a specific layout.

A Simple situation with few items to arrange have many alternatives.

Previously Layouts were based on intuition, experience and judgment.

Plant Layout With the complexities and competition

now scientific methods are used. The Layout comes in picture after the

location has been finalized. Development of good layout depends

on decisions already taken on location, capacity, facility, manufacturing method and material handling techniques.

Efficiency and performance of machines and production is the focus area for this.

Plant Layout. Definitions. Layout identically involves the allocation

of space and the arrangement of equipment in such a manner that overall operating costs are minimized.

- James Lundy

Plant layout involves the development physical relationships among building equipment and production operations which will enable the manufacturing process to be carried on efficiently.

- Morris

Plant Layout.

Plant layout begins with plant location and continues through 3 further levels, viz:-

1. Layout of department within site.2. Layout of items within the

department3. Layout of individual work places.

Plant Layout.

A good layout results in comfort, convenience, safety, efficiency, Compactness and finally in profits to the organization.

A poor layout results in congestion, wastes, frustration, inefficiency and finally a lower profit or a loss to an organisation.

Objectives of Plant Layout.

1. Economies of materials, facilitation of manufacturing and handling of goods.

2. Proper and efficient use of floor space.3. Ensure proper flow of goods and

processes without any delay.4. Provision for supervision and control.5. Careful planning to avoid changes and

re-layout of a plant.

Objectives of Plant Layout.

6. Provision of safety to workers.7. Meet quality and capacity

requirement in the most economical manner.

8. Provision of adequate medical facilities and refreshment facilities.

9. Have enough of material handling spaces.

Features of a good layout Sufficient space for worker and

machine to perform their tasks. Must have adequate safety and

security to workers against accidents. For eg. Provision of first aid box, fire ex.,etc

Sufficient gang-way space for raw materials, workers and semi finished goods.

Features of a good layout Arrangement of machines and

equipment in such a way that it minimizes material handling and costs.

Stores for in-process material should be near to processing machines.

Supervision, co-ordination and control should be easily and effectively carried.

Scope for further adjustments and extensions should be sufficient enough.