Plant Tissues and Organs

• Annuals• Biennials• Perennials• Dicots• Monocots• Cotyledon• Root system• Shoot system

• SIMPLE TISSUES• Meristems• Apical meristems• Primary growth• Cambia—lateral

meristems• Secondary growth• Woody plants• Vascular cambium• Cork cambium

Simple Tissues

• Parenchyma• Photosynthesis,

storage, transport, healing, production of new plant parts.

• Palisades and spongy parenchyma

• Collenchyma—support cell—cigar shaped. (celery)

• Sclerenchyma• Walls contain lignin—

elastic and strong.

Tissue Systems

• Dermal tissue system (epidermis)

• Cuticle• Functions• Guard cells• Stomates• Periderm or bark

• Vascular Tissue System• Xylem and phloem• Xylem—made of

tracheids and vessel members—dead cells

• Perforated• Secondary xylem forms

wood• Growth rings• transpiration

Tissue Systems

• Phloem

• Sieve tube members

• Companion cells

• Phloem loading

Plant Organs

• Stem

• Primary stem tissues

• Secondary stem tissues

• Pith

• Pith-parenchyma

• Cortex

• Dicot vs. monocot

Roots

• Tap root system• Fibrous Root System• Root hairs• Adventitious roots• Root cap• Apical meristem• Endodermis• Casparian strip

Leaves

• Blade• Petiole• Simple leaf• Compound leaf• Leaflet• Mesophyll• Palisade parenchyma• Spongy parenchyma

• Venation• Parallel veins• Net veins