plant wide chemical water stability modelling with...
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www.innovatie.waternet.nl
Plant wide chemical water stability modelling with PHREEQC for drinking water treatment
Alex van der Helm Waternet / Delft University of TechnologyOnno Kramer WaternetJos Hooft WaternetPeter de Moel Omnisys/ Delft University of Technology
2nd IWA New Developments in IT & Water Conference, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, February 10th 2015
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Waternet
Water cycle company of Amsterdam:
• Drinking water production and distribution
• Waste water collection and treatment
• Water system management
• Water safety (dikes)
• Nautical and waterway control
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Calculating in PHREEQC
pH – Redox – Equilibrium – Calculations
• developed by US Geological Survey (USGS)
• scientific base, fully traceable
• adapted to newest scientific knowledge
• users can modify and extend the basics
• communication with MS Excel possible
• freely available
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Calculating in PHREEQC
pH – Redox – Equilibrium – Calculations
• 25 elements
• Liquid, gas and solid phase
• 8 databases with equilibrium constants
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Stimela.dat
De Moel et al. (2014) developed PHREEQC database Stimela.dat for water treatment
Inert elements were defined for:
• Oxidation states of nitrogen NH4+, N2, NO2
-
• Anaerobic groundwater species Fe2+, Mn2+
• Anaerobic gases CH4, H2S, NH3
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Drinking water treatment plant
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Amsterdam
Drinking water treatment plant
Weesperkarspel
Pre-treatment
Loenderveen
Source
Bethunepolder
Loenderveen-Weesperkarspel
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Lake water reservoir
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“Raw water” parameters
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Raw water parameters
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Raw water evaluation with Stimela.dat
Calculated Oxygen saturation Calculated carbon dioxide concentration
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Calculated Saturation Index Calculated calcium carbonate precipitation potential
Raw water evaluation with Stimela.dat
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Calculated ionic balance Calculated EGV ratio
Raw water validation with Stimela.dat
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Treatment scheme
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Modelled chemical processes
Process Item Reaction
pH control HCl-dosing HCO3- + H+ + Cl- -- > CO2 + H2O + Cl-
Filtration NH4-oxidation NH4+ + 2 O2 + 2 HCO3
- -- > NO3- + 2 CO2 + 3 H2O
Ozonation O3-reduction 2 O3 -- > 3 O2
Softening NaOH-dosing CO2 + OH- + Na+ -- > HCO3- + Na+
NaOH-dosing HCO3- + OH- + Na+ -- > CO3
2- + Na+
CaCO3-crystallization Ca2+ + CO32- -- > CaCO3(s)
pH control HCl-dosing CO32- + H+ + Cl- -- > HCO3
- + Cl-
AC filtration DOC-oxidation CH2O + O2 -- > CO2 + H2O
pH control NaOH-dosing CO2 + OH- + Na+ -- > HCO3- + Na+
O2 control O2-dosing O2 -- > O2
SS filtration DOC-oxidation CH2O + O2 -- > CO2 + H2O
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SI and Total Hardness (TH)
4 Setpoints in the treatment
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SI and Total Hardness (TH)
4 control points in the treatment
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SI and Total Hardness (TH)
4 influencing processes in the treatment
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SI and Total Hardness (TH)
Simulation with Stimela.dat
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PHREEQC code in MS Excel
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Results inprocessdashboard
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Multiple simulations
Long term process evaluation
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Multiple simulations
Effect on drinking water quality:
• Stable SI
• Slightly varying pH due to temperature
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Conclusions
• Accurate chemistry available for process technologists with Stimela.dat in PHREEQC
• Chemical dosages can be optimised
• Improving chemical stability of drinking water
• User interface simply build and adapted in MS Excel
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www.innovatie.waternet.nl
Plant wide chemical water stability modelling with PHREEQC for drinking water treatment
Alex van der Helm Waternet / Delft University of TechnologyOnno Kramer WaternetJos Hooft WaternetPeter de Moel Omnisys/ Delft University of Technology
2nd IWA New Developments in IT & Water Conference, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, February 10th 2015