plants & fungus 006. kingdom plantae eukaryotic multicellular organisms true tissues....
Post on 22-Dec-2015
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Kingdom PlantaeKingdom PlantaeEukaryotic
Multicellular organisms
True tissues.
Photoautotrophic nutrition.
Most adapted for a terrestrial existence and possessing vascular tissues.
Kingdom PlantaeKingdom Plantae
Cells with chloroplasts and cellulose cell walls.
Includes mosses, ferns, pine trees, cycads, ginkgos, and flowering plants.
Prop roots:• help support the tree
Pneumatophores:• respiratory function– take in O2
• push nutrients to the upper soil layer
Ecological Role of Mangroves:• Stabilize sediment
• Accumulate detrital or other foreign material
• Habitat for epiphytes
• Fish and invertebrate nursery
• Nesting/roosting sites for birds
• Limited role as a direct food source
• Major contributor to detrital food chain• Protect shoreline from erosion during tropical
storms
• fish and shrimp cultivation• food for people• firewood and boat building material• tanning material• finest honey
Mangrove Use:
Shrimp farm surrounded by degraded mangroves, Vietnam
Classification
Five kingdom system:
Monera Protista FungiPlantae Animalia
Angiosperms Gymnosperms
Distribution: 12 genera of seagrasses (5 in the high latitude and 7 in the low latitude)
• True marine angiosperm• Evolved from shoreline Lillie-like plants~100
mya• Vascular plants reinvaded the seas 3 different
times (algae is nonvascular; i.e., no need for roots to transport water and nutrients)
• Can grow and reproduce while completely submerged under water
Develop in:• intertidal and shallow
subtidal areas on sands and muds
• marine inlets and bays
• lagoons and channels, which are sheltered from significant wave action
1. Help stabilize the sediment
2. Prevents resuspension of sediments in water (water is clearer)
3. Binds substratum, reduces turbidity, and reduces erosion
4. Sediment accumulation slows velocity of incoming water
5. Food for many organisms
6. Refuge for many organisms
Seagrass productivity is highly dependent on a number of factors:• salinity• water temperature• turbidity
This ecosystem is particularly sensitive to degradation due to:• agricultural pollution-run-off of
herbicides• industrial pollution• domestic pollution
Threats to Seagrass BedsThreats to Seagrass Beds
Kingdom Fungi
Eukaryotic
Generally multicellular, organisms (a few species, e.g., yeast are unicellular).
Nutrition:
Heterotrophic
Saprophytic (absorptive)
Kingdom Fungi
Most with cell walls (usually composed of chitin) and complex life histories.
Includes molds, yeasts, rusts, and mushrooms, marine fungi
Most of the 1500 species of marine Most of the 1500 species of marine fungi are microscopicfungi are microscopic