Plants, Stems, Plants, Stems, LeavesLeavesBy: Caley JohnsonBy: Caley Johnson

Tyler SchalchTyler Schalch

Viviana RamirezViviana Ramirez

Types of Roots and Root Types of Roots and Root Structure Structure

There are two types of roots, Taproots and There are two types of roots, Taproots and Fibrous roots.Fibrous roots.

Taproots are primary roots and grow larger Taproots are primary roots and grow larger then secondary roots.then secondary roots.

Fibrous roots branch off each other, Fibrous roots branch off each other, making them grow equally in size. making them grow equally in size.

Taproots are found in dicots, while fibrous Taproots are found in dicots, while fibrous roots are found mostly in monocotsroots are found mostly in monocots

Root StructureRoot Structure

Root FunctionsRoot Functions

Roots attach plants into the Roots attach plants into the ground, take in nutrients and water ground, take in nutrients and water from the ground.from the ground.

For plants to grow/flower they For plants to grow/flower they need nutrients, carbon dioxide and need nutrients, carbon dioxide and water.water.

Different nutrients play different Different nutrients play different roles in plant functioning, roles in plant functioning, development and effects in soil. development and effects in soil.

Trace elements are needed to Trace elements are needed to maintain proper plant growth.maintain proper plant growth.

Roots use ATP to pump mineral Roots use ATP to pump mineral ions from the soil into the plant. ions from the soil into the plant. Osmosis is used to move water Osmosis is used to move water molecules into the plant. molecules into the plant.

Active Transport is used to make Active Transport is used to make water flow into the plant.water flow into the plant.

Water MovementWater Movement Water moves from roots into cortex, then through the endodermis.Water moves from roots into cortex, then through the endodermis. After the endodermis, the water goes into the vascular cylinder.After the endodermis, the water goes into the vascular cylinder. Water then goes to the xylem, where it is transported throughout Water then goes to the xylem, where it is transported throughout

the plant.the plant.

Also, Casparian Strips make cells waterproof and prevent water from Also, Casparian Strips make cells waterproof and prevent water from seeping between cells. seeping between cells.

Root PressureRoot Pressure

Roots need the right pressure.Roots need the right pressure. Root pressure is the starting point for the movement of Root pressure is the starting point for the movement of

water throughout the whole plant.water throughout the whole plant. With the system of pressure in the roots, the water can With the system of pressure in the roots, the water can

move out of the soil and into the plant. move out of the soil and into the plant. Then the plant can grow properly and the flowers can Then the plant can grow properly and the flowers can

bloom.bloom.

Works CitedWorks Cited Miller, Kenner R., and joseph S. Levine. Prentice Hall Biology(Student Edition). Miller, Kenner R., and joseph S. Levine. Prentice Hall Biology(Student Edition). Upper Upper

Saddle River:Pearson Prentice Hall, 2001.Print.`Saddle River:Pearson Prentice Hall, 2001.Print.` Photograph. Photograph. About.comAbout.com. Digital Cameras. Web. 21 Feb. 2010. . Digital Cameras. Web. 21 Feb. 2010. <<

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<<http://img.sparknotes.com/figures/B/b1ab5bb87aee74a86fdae78ed564e66http://img.sparknotes.com/figures/B/b1ab5bb87aee74a86fdae78ed564e66 3/root.gif>. 3/root.gif>. Photograph. Photograph. The The EndodermisEndodermis and the Casparian Strip and the Casparian Strip. Uic.edu, 2002. Web. 21 . Uic.edu, 2002. Web. 21 Feb. 2010. Feb. 2010.

http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2002/http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/summer2002/

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