plasma based voc reduction plastep(+) results · 2014-04-24 · styrene (c 8 h 8) signal decreases...

Plasma based VOC reduction –PlasTEP(+) results

Michael Schmidt, Alexander Schwock and Ronny Brandenburg

Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), Germany

PlasTEP+ WS Warsaw Jan. 2014

1 Chances and prospects of plasma based VOC-removal

● Non-thermal plasmas for VOC-removal

● Advantage of plasma based exhaust treatment

2 Results of field tests: “From lab to real life”

● Shale oil production (Estonia)

● Production of polymer concrete (Poland)

● Yacht production (Poland)

3 Summary and Outlook

● Open questions and future prospects

Content

1

2

Gas discharges for gas treatment

● Gas flows through an electrode structure utilizing a gas discharges with a non-thermal plasma

● Plasma enables chemical conversion in the treated gas – Plasma Chemistry

● Discharge types:- Barrier discharges (a)- Corona discharges (b)- Packed bed reactors (c)


(a)

(b)

(c)

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3

VOC removal in air

● Formation of radicals(O, OH, HO2) and O3

● Oxidative reactions resulting in CO2 and H2O and other by-products

● Efficacy and selectivity depend on gas composition, pollutant and its concentration, temperature, specific energy etc.

Plasma as oxidation stages in combination with other processes like adsorption, catalysis, scrubbing, …


(a)

(b)

(c)

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PlasTEP+ WS Warsaw Jan. 2014 4

Filamentary Plasma (e.g. Barrier Dis.)

Plasma Science Engineering

ElectricalBreakdown

(Microdischarge)

Chemical reactions

PlasmaPara-

meters

RadicalsIons

Plasma-Enhanced ProcessesCatalysis, Adsorption, Scrubbing, …

Synergies

Selectivity

Assignement of Tasks

Efficacy By-ProductsUpscaling

Type and Level of Contamination

Gas Composition and Temperature

Cost and Technical Benefit

4

Passive Phase

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Advantage of plasma based exhaust treatment

● Chemical conversion without increase of gas temperature

● Effects an gas particles and particulate matter (aerosols)

● Effects in gas phase and on surfaces

● Controllable by electrical operation parameters


„Regardless of how strictly we define

‘environmental plasma’, the history and future

potential of this technology are quite remarkable.“

Alexander Gutsol

In: „The 2012 Plasma Roadmap“

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 45 (2012) 253001 (37 pp)

European Environment Agency

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PlasTEP+ WS Warsaw Jan. 2014 6

State-of-the-art: plasma deodorization

H.H. Kim et al. International Journal of Plasma Environmental Science & Technology Vol.1, 2007

6

Field Tests – “From lab to real life”

● Unstable conditions and varying process conditions

● Harsh environment (low temperature, dust...)

● Limited time

● Unknown components to be analyzed later in the lab

● Weak coupling between process settings and experimental settings

● Laboratory equipment is to be integrated in an industrial process

7

Estonia

Poland

GermanyGermany


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Equipment for field tests


Mobile Plasma Source (Stack reactor)with aftertreatment and HV-source (WTUS)

Mobile Gas Diagnostics (FID, FTIR)

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9PlasTEP+ WS Warsaw Jan. 2014

GC/MS Sampling

Mobile Setup

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10

VKG/ Estonia - VOC removal

Shale Oil production and processing leads to VOC emissions

Outdoor experiments T ≈ 5oC

Plasma power ≈ 125 W

Gas flow 13 - 21 m3/h

Significant VOC removal at inlet concentration below 500 mg/m3

Removal of total amount of VOC more efficient than removal of aromatic compounds


11

Betonstal Szczecin/ Poland - VOC treatment

Short emission „peaks“ during polymer concrete preparation for pipe production

Hot summer day, dusty industrial production room; varying process conditions (change between emission maxima and zero emission)

P = 150 W and 200 W

Q ≈ 4 m3/h

Styrene (C8H8) concentration decreases by plasma activity


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Betonstal Szczecin/ Poland - VOC treatment

Styrene (C8H8) signal decreases with plasma on condition

Concentration of formic acid (CH2O2) as the main reaction product beside COx increases

Slight increase in concentration of benzaldehyde (C7H6O) as a minor reaction product

Ozone (O3) signal as a ‘‘plasma-on‘‘-marker


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Yacht Service Tanowo/ Poland

Treatment of styrene and VOC contaminated process air

Mobile diagnostics operated in multivan

Mobile plasma source operated in production site


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Yacht Service Tanowo/ Poland - VOC´s

4 measurement with varying plasma power

Increasing VOC concentrations during the experiments

Removal of around 60 ppm for all power settings

FID displays unspecified sum of all VOC´s


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Yacht Service Tanowo/ Poland - styrene

Strong increase in styrene concentration during the experiments

Almost complete removal of styrene with all power setting

Formic acid as a product of reaction of styrene with ozone

Additional methanol and a carbon-flourine containing compound found


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Summary and Outlook

●Plasma activity in several field test installations investigated Plasma source and gas diagnostics work even under harsh conditions Feasibility of plasma-chemical treatment of VOC`s and NOx shown In some cases species concentrations are below detection limit

● It is necessary to understand the emitting process Problem and solution oriented studies Plasma to be understood as „on demand“ oxidation stage

●Plasma offer compact systems with a direct control Feasible in case of large fluctuations of pollutants

●Synergies with adsorption, catalysis and scrubbing needs to be studied further Cyclic processes

16PlasTEP+ WS Warsaw Jan. 2014

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Thank you for your attentionand for the contributions of WP partners!

M. HołubM. Balcerak

M. Bonisławski

D. CameronM.-L. Kääriäinen

T. Ivanova

I. JõgiM. Laan

A. Jalakas

V. ValinciusR. Kėzelis

T. Hoder M. Schmidt H. GroschW. Reich

A.G. Chmielewski A. Pawelec

Y. Sun

H. BarankovaL. Bardos

E. StamateC. Irimiea

M. DorsJ. Mizeraczyk

S. Vasarevicius


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Announcements


www.hdt-essen.de

www.hakone2014.org

plasma based voc reduction plastep(+) results · 2014-04-24 · styrene (c 8 h 8) signal decreases...

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