plasma cogeneration of waste and aquaponics
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Input Process Output
Waste material
Additives
SyngasThermal
exchanger
Catalyst
Air and oxygen
Energy
Plasmareactor
Ash output
Syngas
purifying
Syngas
fuel
Constructionmaterial
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Inputchoppedwaste
Inlet grill anddryer
Crudesyngas
Gasificationarea
Powersupply
Plasmatorch
Molecular
dissociation
Alkaline ash
Plasma torch
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The plasma is produced by means of electric arcs by applying hightension energy to the plasma torch, at atmospheric pressure.That ionized gas transports the heat to the waste material which ismostly a combination of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms .The heated waste and ultraviolet radiation from plasma processdissociate the macromolecules of material into individual atomsthat collide between them leadin to ions and electrons.
These processes occur simultaneously, between 350C and12001300C.The effect of these processes is the producing of a clean hydrogen-rich syngas ( combination of hydrogen H2, methan CH4, carbon
monoxide CO and carbon dioxide CO2 ) with a high calorific valueand very low levels of residual tars, heavy metals and acid gases.The syngas output temperature is 400C.
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Refinedsyngas
Cooling andconditioning
Powernetwork
Syngas fuel
Reactor
Cogenerationengine
5% ashmaterialoutput
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Exhaustemission
Heavymetalemission
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Economic parameters for the five thermal technologies were determinedsuch as capital investment, operation and maintenance, by-product
production and sales, and residue produced and costs. Using theparameters of capital investment, plant capacity, energy production,operation and maintenance costs, tipping fee, green tags, energy sales,and by-product residues - an economic analysis was performed todetermine the net revenue (before taxes) of each thermal process as
shown in next Figure.
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Plasma Arc Gasification also combined these attributes:
Thermal efficiency
Process variety of different solid wastes
Minimal pretreatment/presorting of solid wastes
Production of syngas for conversion into energy sources such assteam, electricity and/or liquid fuels
Environmental appeal as the solid by-product, ash, can be used as aconstruction material ( roads, concrete, insulation ) or in agriculture
fertilization .
Environmental appeal from the use of syngas to produce variousenergy products, while any discharged gaseous effluents can betreated by currently acceptable environmental processes
Minimized if not eliminated need for landfill
Ability to process and eliminate wastes from existing landfills.
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For vegetables, day temperatures should be 21 -26 C and nighttemperatures around 16 -18.5 C, (although many new varietiesdo best with little difference between day and night temperature.For seedlings, the temperatures should be constant, 20 -22 C ,
then gradually acclimate the plants to the diurnal temperaturesbefore transplanting.
Good air circulation is necessary for proper cooling, heating,CO2 replenishment, and removal of undesirable gases, such as
.
heating, cooling, and CO2 systems in order to obtain peak
efficiency. The heat/cooling and CO2 are supplied by the plasma system
connected to hydroponic system, this way enhancing plasma
systems economic efficiency and reducing hydroponic systemcosts.
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Municipal waste,biomass, plastics,
rubber, hazardouswaste, oil waste syngaz
Electricnetwork
Plasmagasifier
5% ash
Hydroponicgreenhouse
CO2
Fishery
Distilled water
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