plastic eating bacteria
TRANSCRIPT
Seminar on
Plastic eating bacteria Represented by:-
Lalita Mohan BeheraRoll no.BY 05 16
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY BERHAMPUR UNIVERSITY
Contents Introduction About plastics & harmful effects on
environment Introduction about Plastics eating bacteria how does it works Advantages Of This Mechanism Conclusion
NEWLY EVOLVED PLASTIC EATING BACTERIA
Group of Japanese researchers were busy discoverings called them a novel bacterium.
The bacterium named as Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6, secretes two enzymes that breakdown common plastic polymer PET. The two enzymes are PETase and MHETase.
Researchers collected samples and noted that Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6 could almost completely degrade a thin film of PET(polyethylene terephthalate) after 6 weeks at 30 degree C.
PLASTICS A synthetic material made from a wide range of organic
polymers such polyethylene, PVC, nylon, PET ,can be moulded into shape while soft and then set into a rigid or slightly elastic form
PET- polyethylene terephthalate , IUPAC name is poly(ethyl benzene -1,4-dicarboxylate PET is produced by polymerization of ethylene glycol and terephyhalic acid, when both of this heated together it produces PET in the form of molten, viscous mass which solidifies latter as plastic
PET was first prepared by J.Rex Whinfield and James T. Dickson in 1941 in england
About 311 million tones of plastics are produced
annually worldwide, mostly used for packaging such as drinking water,
Most plastics degrade extremely slowly, constituting a major environmental hazard, especially in oceans, where microplastics are matter of major concern.
It thought that plastic bottles take 450 years to degrade although some plastics do degrade little more quicker in the ocean but it leads to chemical pollution.
While this newly discovered bacteria could help to solve these problems, the rate of degradation is however slow but it works
Plastics and rubbers become an indispensable part of our lives from disposal packaging to our grocery and from water bottle to car tires,
These are cheap to manufacture, versatile which means that they are produced in massive quantities.
These extremely durable materials are often used for single – use disposable application but think what happens to plastics and rubbers after disposal.
HARMFUL EFFECTS OF PLASTICS It adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat, humans. Plastic pollution can unfavourably affect lands,
waterways, and oceans. Harmful chemicals releases to land or soil which
causes pollution
A BACTERIUM THAT DEGRADES POLLUTING PLASTICS IDENTIFIED A bacterium species capable of breaking down plastics-
polyethylene terephthalate(PET) Bacterium namely Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6 secretes two
hydrolytic enzymes to degrade the common plastic polymer PET
Researchers explained that both the enzymes are required to convert PET into its monomers
The PETase break down PET into the compound MHET and MHETase enzyme breaks it down further.
This bacterium is discovered by Shosuke Yoshida, department of applied biology,Kyoto Institute of technology
Picture of Plastic eating Bacteria Ideonella sakaiensis
HOW IT WORKS The Ideonella sakaiensis is a Gram negative, aerobic beta-
proterobacteria
It first adheres to the PET material and secrete enzyme which generate mono(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalic acid.
Then MHET taken up by the cell and hydrolyzed by second enzyme MHETase to furnish the two starting monomers
These monomers are then catabolized by the bacterium as its sole carbons ource
ADVANTAGES OF THIS MECHANISM May be advantageous for removing this plastic materials. However terephthalic acid could be isolated and reused,
this could provide huge savings in the production of new polymers
It provides hopefull concepts and solutions for degradation and recycling of other degradation- resistant plastic materials.
Where there’s life there’s hope
THANK YOU