plastics pipes
TRANSCRIPT
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Session: 3 Best materials for a safe and reliable gas grid
Plastics pipes A look into the future
S H Beech - SHB Consulting
1
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Summary
Useof
plastics
for
gas
distribution
Essentia requirements
Fusionwelding
Multilayerpipes
Conclusion
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Why
use
plastics?
,
Flexible,resistanttogroundmovement
Endloadresistantleakfreefusionjoints
Suppliedin
lightweight
coils
(< 200
mm
diameter)reducingjointingfrequency
Ideall suitedtoNoDi technolo
Maintenancefree,trackrecordofreliabilityand
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Plastics
for
gas
distribution Usedsince1960sfor
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Supplied
in
coils
No-dig technology
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Essential
requirements
RCPand
slow
crack
growth
resistance
De ormation e ecto environment
Jointing/fusionwelding
characteristics
StandardsandCodesofPracticepromoting
hi h ualit
Costeffective
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Plastics
pipes
industry
Continualmaterial
developments
Manu acturers eve opnewmu ti ayeran
compositeproducts
Increasingdiameterrangeforelectrofusionfittings
ISO/TC138
and
CEN
TC
155
are
very
active
in
develo mentofstandards
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Harmonisation of Polyethylene Pipe
Recent advances in materials and extrusion technology are leading toincreased use of large diameter thicker walled pipe. This project was set up
ec ve
y t e 1 + ssoc at on to ac eve t e o ow ng o ect ve.
To develop both short term and long term tests to assess the integrity ofbuttfusion welds in thick walled pipe, to allow the harmonisation and
optimisation of buttfusion procedures, and to allow machinery, operators andin-field welds to be assessed.
An exam le of collaboration between the end user manufacturer test laboratories
d o n t c r a c k u n d e r p r e s s u r e
and material suppliers)
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Welded pipe rings
Cutting test
d o n t c r a c k u n d e r p r e s s u r e
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Gas
distribution
systems
Source
feeds
>
100
bar Highpressuregrid,~60to85bar
Localtransmissionmediumpressure
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Plasticsforgasdistribution
CurrentlyplasticsmainlyusedinLPsystem
Futurepotential
use
of
plastics
systems?
Indoors stemsre uireresistancetopermeation,assessrisktofire/damage
Medium hi h
ressuresre uires
stren th
beyondplasticscurrentlyused
Multila erandcom ositeconstructionsprovide
the
answer
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Multilayerpipe
ISO18225
ML
pipe
for
outdoor
applications
Barrierlayerpipeforcontaminatedgroundorto
eliminatepermeation
PEpipewithaluminiumcentrelayerforindoor
applications behaveslikecopperpipe
Readilyused
in
Germany
and
the
Netherlands
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Multilayerpipe
Typical
5
layer
pipe PE Aluminium PE
Adhesivelayersfor
Fittingsshouldseal
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Medium/HPPlasticspipes
Canplasticsmakethenextsteptohigher
Monolayerpipe
material
strength
limitations
RTPRe n orce T ermop ast csP pes
TypicallyPE
base
pipe,
tape
reinforcement,
extru e outer ayer
Aramid(KevlarorTwaron),glass,steelmeshor
cor AllplasticsbyusingorientedPEtape
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RTPpipeconstructions
PE Kevlar tape PE(Courtesy of Soluforce-Pipelife)
or ente tape (Courtesy of Egeplast GmbH)
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RTPproperties
retained Corrosionresistance
Suppliedincoils limitedto200mmdia.forroadtransport
joining
Squeezeoffpossible
p pescan
ac eve
ara ng
o
>150bar,50years65C
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Propertycomparison
Flexibility Strength
Steel pipes
Light
weight
Ductility
Resistance to corrosion Weldability
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RTPApplications
Aboveground
service
in
desert
steel
failsinafewyears!
Oilgathering70bar,waterinjection90bar
forgasdistributionparticularlyin
Germany
Pressuresupto42bar
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RTPDesignforgas
Takeintoaccountpotentialgaspermeationintoreinforcementlayer
Noriskofouterlayerblowoffat>42bar/65C
Alightercheaperconstructioncanbeusedforthispressurerange
Permeationcanbereducedor
eliminated RTPnotvulnerabletoRCP wrapped
tapepreventsaxialcrackgrowth
Resistantto1100Cjetfirefor6
minutes Highresistancetodamage
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Damagetolerance
Fieldtestswithbackhoehittin ,horizontaldrillin
Worst
case
situation Superficialdamageofoutercover,notaffectingpipe
Oneextremecasecreateshole(backhoehitspipeverticallyon
topof
pipe)
Similartestsonsteeldamagecoatingwhichmayaffectlongtermperformance
Failureprobability
for
both
systems
within
acceptable
limits
(Ref. RTP systems for gas distribution, Wolters et al., 23rd World Gas Conference, 2006)
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ElectrofusionJointing
Innersleeve
EF
welded
to
prevent
exposure
of
fibre
layer
to
gas
FibrereinforcedexternalsleevewithEFcoil
Fullendloadresistance
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Jointing
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Jointing
Swa edorcom ressionfittin s
hydraulically
pressed
on
pipe
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Jointtests
Pressuretestsfailinpipe
Nofailure axialtensiletests
bar noleakage
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RTPGastrials
Date Company Field/Location Application Press/Temp Size Length
Nov 03 Fahum Gas
Egypt
El Fayoum Gas distribution 36 bar/20 C 4 in 380 m
Apr 04 VNG Berlin Plant Brine gas waste
line
5 in 60 m
Aug 04 Badenwerk
Gas GmbH
Buchig-
Oberacker
Gas distribution 25 bar/15 C 5 in 4500 m
Oct 04 Ruhrgas Hannover Gas distribution 25 bar/15 C 4 in 600 m
Mar 05 SGC Syna SJC-SBC Sour Gas 90 bar/60 C 4 in 6 m
Aug 05 Shell Brunei Seria ULLG 50 bar/25 C 5 in 18 km
Aug 05 Shell Syria
(AFPC)
Tanak Field Production gas 98 bar/55 C 5 in 11 m
Oct 05 E.ON Hirschbach Gas 22-42 bar/15 C 4 in 440 m
ermany
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StandardsforRTP
highpressure
gas
applications
(up
to
40
bar)
APIRP15S,RecommendedPracticefortheQualificationofSpoo a eRein orce P asticLinePipe,pu is e yt eAmericanPetroleumInstitute(API)2006.
DVGWTechnische
Regel
VP
642
(2004),
Faserverstaerkte
PE
Rohre(RTP)undzugehoerigeVerbinderfuerGasleitungenmitBetriebsdrueckenueber16bar
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Costs
Ref. Aramid reinforced plastic pipes, high strength pipes for gas transportation, D. von Amein,W.Wessing, E.ON Ruhrgas AG
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Conclusions
1960sfor
low
pressure
gas
distribution
solving
corrosion
issuesofmetals(PrimarilyinPE)
Reliabilityanddurabilityhasbeenproven
Multilayer
and
RTP
pipe
systems
are
now
available
to
extend
distribution
UltimatelyRTPsystemsmaybeconsideredforhighpressure
pipelines
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Thanksforyourattention!
Theauthorwishestothankthefollowing
forsupportandprovidinginformation:
PE100+Association
SoluforcePipelife
FriatecAG
EgeplastGmbH