plate tectonic test review next. the outermost layer of the earth is called the inner core crust...
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Plate Tectonic Test Plate Tectonic Test ReviewReview
Next
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The Outermost layer of the Earth is The Outermost layer of the Earth is called the called the
Inner Core
Crust
Outer Core
Mantle
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The dense, solid, metallic layer of The dense, solid, metallic layer of the Earth the Earth
Mantle
Inner Core
Crust
Outer Core
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Convection currents in this layer Convection currents in this layer cause plates to move. cause plates to move.
Mantle
Inner Core
Crust
Outer Core
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True or FalseTrue or FalseThe Inner core is molten metal The Inner core is molten metal
True False
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About how fast do tectonic plates About how fast do tectonic plates move? move?
A few centimeters per year
A few meters per year
A few kilometers per year
A few miles per year
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The San Andreas Fault occurs The San Andreas Fault occurs along which type of plate along which type of plate
boundary? boundary?
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Shear
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Which of the following is NOT Which of the following is NOT evidence for Plate Tectonics? evidence for Plate Tectonics?
Fit of continents
Fossils
Ancient climate zones
Northern lights
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Plates move apart at this type of Plates move apart at this type of boundary? boundary?
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Shear
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Which tectonic plate do we live on? Which tectonic plate do we live on?
North American Pacific
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One plate sinks beneath another One plate sinks beneath another at… at…
The Mid-ocean ridge
Subduction zones
The San Andreas Fault
Normal faults
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True or FalseTrue or FalseScientists accepted Wegener’s Scientists accepted Wegener’s
Theory of Continental Drift. Theory of Continental Drift.
True False
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Woohoo! You finished the Woohoo! You finished the review. Good job! review. Good job!
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CrustCrust
• Is the thin (5-40km), rocky outer layer of Earth
• Ocean crust is thin and dense compared to continental crust.
2.3 Earth’s Interior
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CoreCore• Is the dense metallic center of Earth• Outer core (2250km) is molten metal due to extremely high temperature• Inner core (1200km) is solid due to extremely high pressure.
2.3 Earth’s Interior
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What controls plate What controls plate movement?movement?
• Some scientists believe that convection in the mantle controls the movement of plates.
4.3 Theory of Plate Tectonics
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CoreCore• Is the dense metallic center of Earth• Outer core (2250km) is molten metal due to extremely high temperature• Inner core (1200km) is solid due to extremely high pressure.
2.3 Earth’s Interior
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Earth’s PlatesEarth’s Plates• Lithospheric plates are large brittle pieces of Earth’s outer
shell that move at a rate of centimeters per year.
• The theory of plate tectonics explains the movement of lithospheric plates.
4.3 Theory of Plate Tectonics
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San Andreas FaultSan Andreas Fault• The San Andreas Fault
is a transform plate boundary between the North American and Pacific Plates.
• This boundary switches to an oceanic transform boundary when it goes out to sea.
5.2 California Geology
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Evidence for Continental Evidence for Continental DriftDrift
• Four major pieces of evidence:
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1. Fit of the Continents1. Fit of the Continents
• Africa and South America fit together like a puzzle.
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2. Fossil Evidence2. Fossil Evidence• Wegener used fossil evidence from a
fossil of a fern called Glossopteris.• Fern seed was too heavy to be carried by the wind.• Oceans were too wide to allow the seed to float across the waters.• Conclusion: When Glossopteris was alive, the continents must
have been connected.
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3. Rock Types and Mountain 3. Rock Types and Mountain RangesRanges
• Ancient rocks on the continents match up when you assemble the continents as Pangaea.
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Rock Types and Mountain Rock Types and Mountain Ranges Ranges (cont.)(cont.)
• Some mountain ranges appear as if they were once connected.
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4. Climate Evidence4. Climate Evidence• Sedimentary rocks record clues about climate.
• The ancient climate of certain locations was very different from the present-day climate.– Tropical plants in Greenland, glaciers in Africa (p.166)
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1. Divergent Plate 1. Divergent Plate BoundariesBoundaries
• occurs when two lithospheric plates move apart.• Mid-ocean ridges occur along divergent plate boundaries.
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2. Convergent Plate 2. Convergent Plate BoundariesBoundaries
• form when two lithospheric plates move toward each other.
• Three possible interactions:
– Ocean-to-ocean– Ocean-to-continent– Continent-to-continent
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3. Transform Plate 3. Transform Plate BoundariesBoundaries
• A transform plate boundary exists when two plates slide horizontally past one another.
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Plate Tectonics in Plate Tectonics in CaliforniaCalifornia
• A convergent plate boundary resides off the northern shore of California.
• We live on the west side of the boundary on the Pacific Plate.
• A continental transform plate boundary cuts across California.
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Convergent Plate Convergent Plate BoundariesBoundaries
• form when two lithospheric plates move toward each other.
• Subduction occurs when one plate sinks beneath another.
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Hypothesis RejectedHypothesis Rejected• Wegener proposed that the same forces of gravity that produced
tides moved the continents.
• Scientists rejected this hypothesis because they did not accept Wegener’s explanation of how the continents moved.
• New technology gathered additional evidence that supported the continental drift theory. (p.172)
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