plate tectonics. breakdown of the earth composition crust mantle core structure lithosphere...
TRANSCRIPT
Plate Tectonics
Breakdown of the Earth Composition
Crust Mantle Core
Structure Lithosphere Asthenosphere Mesosphere Outer Core Inner Core
Crust Crust
Outer most layer 5 – 100 km thick Less than 1% of Earth’s mass
Continental Crust Minerals similar to granite, Less dense Average thickness 30 km
Oceanic Crust Similar to basalt 5 – 8 km thick
Mantle
Mantle Found between crust and core 2,900 km thick, 67% of Earth’s mass Contains iron and magnesium, similar to the
mineral Olivine Lithosphere: “rock sphere”
Outermost rigid layer 15 – 300 km thick Made of crust and upper part of mantle Divided into pieces known as “tectonic plates”
Mantle
Asthenosphere: “weak sphere” Soft putty layer on which the lithosphere
moves upon 250 km thick
Mesosphere: “middle sphere” Lower Mantle Strong interior structure 2,550 km thick
Core Core
Comprised of iron, nickel, sulfur and oxygen 3,428 km thick
Outer core Liquid layer 2,200 km thick
Inner core Solid layer 1,228 km thick
Liquid Rock of the Core Pressure allows rock to be solid Outer core has less pressure and is able
to spread out and become liquid. Class example
Tectonic Plates Pieces of the lithosphere that move
on top of the asthenosphere
How do scientists know about the structure of the Earth’s interior?
Measure different speed at which seismic waves travel.
Drilled to the center of the earth Volcanoes allow us to see into the
Earth Viewed satellite images from space