plate tectonics mr. q and mrs. wolfe 6 th grade earth science
TRANSCRIPT
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Plate TectonicsMr. Q and Mrs. Wolfe
6th Grade Earth Science
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What is Plate Tectonics?
• Theory that earth’s crust is broken into plates that float on the upper part of the mantle.
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What causes plate tectonics?
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• Convection Currents in the mantle
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Continental drift – theory that the continents were at one or more times a single landmass that broke apart and eventually moved into the positions they are in today.
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Quick Review
• Plate Tectonics: The Earth’s Crust is Broken into plates that Float on the mantle
• Continental Drift: The earth’s Continents were once one piece that have floated away.
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• Alfred Wegener – Scientist who came up with the Theory of Continental Drift.
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Pangaea – The name of the First single landmass created by Alfred Wegener. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ryrXAGY1dmE
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• Evidence for Continental Drift
1. Earth’s continents look like puzzle pieces.
2. Fossils (remember Mesosaurus?)
3. Mountain ranges on different continents appear to match-up.
4. Rocks – of one continent match those along another continent.
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• There are two (2) kinds of crust:
• Oceanic Crust (ocean)• Continental Crust (land)
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• Mid-Ocean ridge: ocean-floor feature resembling a mountain. (New Sea Floor)
• Rift valley: flat area between two ridges that is formed by spreading plates.
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• Seafloor spreading: process that forms new sea floor. (happens at Mid ocean Ridge)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ryrXAGY1dmE
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• New Seafloor is close to the Mid-Ocean Ridge…older floor is Farther away. (DUH!)
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• Subduction Zone: A place where old oceanic crust is forced back down into an ocean trench and back into
the mantle
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• A TRENCH is a deep ocean canyon. ( Subduction zones are found here)
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• Many volcanoes and earthquakes are found near subductions zones. (ring of fire)
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Evidence of Seafloor Spreading
• Fossils• Magnetic strips
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What are some effects of Plate
Tectonics?
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Earthquakes
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Earthquakes
1906 and 1989 San Francisco earthquake was caused by the
movement of tectonic plates at the San Andreas Fault.
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Mountain Building• When two plates collide such a collision
can cause the continental plate to crumble, and rise upwards – thus forming mountains.
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Volcanoes
• At subduction zones, oceanic plates dip back down into the hot mantle.
• Heat from the mantle melts the rocks in the plate, forming magma.
• Magma collects in underground pockets called magma chambers.
• Hotter than the surrounding rock, the magma rises to the surface.
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Volcanoes
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Volcanoes
Hot Spot – place where magma
reaches the surface of a tectonic
plate. The Hawaiian islands
were formed this way.
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• THE END (for now)