NAME_______________________DATE_____________BLOCK___

PLATE TECTONICS

1. Label the four different layers of the Earth. Describe what each layer is made of?

2. What are the two different types of Earth’s crust? Which one is the denser and older of the two types?

3. Which one of the Earth’s layers is liquid?

4. What is the name of the ancient supercontinent?

5. Explain how the following fossils were important pieces of evidence to support continental drift. (Hint! Think about the Gondwanaland Lab!)

Glossoptens:Mesosaurus:

6. Describe seafloor spreading and explain how it supports the theory of plate tectonics.

7. What happens to the Earth’s magnetic poles every few million years?

8. What is mantle convection?

9. Fill in the blanks:

The theory of plate tectonics states that the

Earth’s ____________ and _____________ are broken into

sections called ______________ that _____________.

10. Which plate tectonic boundary conserves crust (no crust is destroyed), makes new crust, and destroys crust?

Conserves –

Makes new crust –

Destroys crust –

11. What is subduction? Where, generally, does it occur? What are a few real-world examples of areas where it is happening?

12. Define the three types of plate tectonic boundaries and provide examples.

Divergent:Ex:

Convergent:Ex:

Transform:Ex:

13. What are some of the types of evidence used to support continental drift?

14. Define and describe the basic properties (brittle/fluid, thickness, etc) of the lithosphere and the asthenosphere.

Lithosphere:

Asthenosphere:

Make sure that you also study your plate boundary chart!

1. Explain the difference between absolute and relative time? Which one is used most by geologists?

2. Use the laws of superposition and crosscutting to determine the relative age of a cross section of rock layers.

3. Define the term unconformity and be able to identify at least one cause of unconformities.

4. Define the following terms: era, period and epoch.

5. Be able to describe the relative dates (chronological order) of each geologic era. Put them in the correct order from oldest to most recent.

6. Know the periods of the Mesozoic Era.

7. Know the age of the Earth and what evidence helps to prove this.

8. Be able to give examples of the major organisms that were found in each era.

9. Be able to list what era, period and epoch in which we are currently living.

10. Interpret the half-life graph for Carbon-14 to answer questions 11-13.

11. How old would an object be that has only 30% of its Carbon-14 remaining?

12. How many half-lives have passed after 5,300 years?

13. If three half-lives have passed, what percentage of Carbon-14 would still be in the object?

VOLCANOES

1. Be able to identify on a map the following locations: Mt. St. Helens and Mt. Kilauea, as well as areas that generally, will likely produce volcanic activity.

Mount St. Helens lies on a ____________________________ Plate Boundary

Mt. Kilauea lies on a ___________________________, not a plate boundary!

2. Explain how the islands of Hawaii formed.

Shield Composite Cinder Cone

Size

Shape(draw it!)

Lava Viscosity

Lava Temperature

Explosive or Gentle

Examples

3. Fill in the table of important volcanic information

4. Explain how silica content and temperature of magma relates to viscosity

EARTHQUAKES1. Fill in this chart using your notes!.

Type of Fault

Type of Stress (the name and arrows) Plate Boundary Diagram

NORMAL

REVERSE

STRIKE-SLIP

2. Know the difference between focus and epicenter.

3. Know the three types of seismic waves and be able to tell which is the fastest, which is the slowest and most destructive, and be able to identify the wave types on a seismogram.

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4. Explain how subduction is related to earthquakes.

5. What is the difference between the Mercalli Scale and the Richter Scale?

6. Label the seismograph with the following terms:

Surface waves, P-waves, S-waves.

ROCKS AND MINERALS9

1. Know which tests are used to I.D. minerals and how they are performed.

2. How does coal form? Describe the process.

3. Label the arrows between rock types and intermediate stages with the following processes:

MeltingCoolingHeat & Pressure

Weathering & ErosionCementation & Compaction

RESOURCES10

1. Be able to describe the six types of alternative energy. Be able to describe the benefits and drawbacks (PROS and CONS) of each. (Study your Alternative Energy Cheat Sheet)

Benefits Drawbacks

Hydro-electric

Solar

Wind

Geothermal

BiomassNuclear Fission

2. Describe how electricity is generated (in your description, use the words turbine and generator)

3. Compare and contrast renewable and nonrenewable resources.

4. Give several examples of renewable resources and non-renewables.

Renewable:

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Non-renewable:

5. Know the steps of coal’s life cycle (Peat, Litmous, Bituminous, Anthracite). Know the role of moisture in how well Peat burns. Which type burns best? Why?

6. Be able to explain some of the negative environmental effects of burning fossil fuels.

7. What is the greenhouse effect? What gas is the main culprit for causing it?

MOTION

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1. The Simpson family takes Santa’s Little Helper for walk. If they walk with a velocity of 2 m/s for 45 minutes, how far will they go? HINT! You will need to convert minutes seconds.

2. A roller coaster car rapidly picks up speed as is rolls down a slope. As it starts to down the slope, its speed is 4 m/s. But 3 seconds later, at the bottom of the slope, it speed it 22 m/s. What is its acceleration?

3. If Speed Racer competes in a race that is 300 mi long and it took him 1.7 h to do it, how fast was Speed Racer driving?

4. You’re riding in a station wagon with your family for your vacation to Florida, which is 2000 miles away. If your mom drives with an average speed of 60 miles per hour, how long will it take until you are warm and relaxing under the palm trees?

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5. Johnny Hotfoot slams on the brakes of his car moving at 27 m/s and skids to a stop in 4 s. What is the acceleration of the car? How far does the car skid?

Graphs: identify whether each object is accelerating, decelerating, or not accelerating or decelerating.

__________________ ________________ _________________

Write a description of the jogger’s motion. Make sure to state what the jogger’s velocity is at important times, as well as when the jogger is accelerating and decelerating.

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____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Using the graph above, determine how far the jogger ran. SHOW ALL YOUR WORK.

NEWTON’S LAWS

Definition Examples

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Newton’s 1st Law

Newton’s 2nd Law

Newton’s 3rd Law

6. If Pikachu has a mass of 4.0 kg, how much does he weigh?

7. Scooby Doo has a mass of 70 kg. If suddenly accelerates at 4 m/s2, with how much force does Shaggy pull his leash to stop him?

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8. A 52 kg water skier is being pulled by a speedboat. The force causes her to accelerate at 2 m/s2. Calculate the force that causes this acceleration.

9. How fast does a .25 kg hockey puck accelerate if Peter Forsberg takes a shot on goal with a force of 25 N?

10. Look at the free body diagrams below. Explain why both objects are not accelerating. Then, for each diagram, label each force to represent a real-life object.

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