plenary session iii clusters & integrating smes in global supply chains prof.patrizio bianchi
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The World Bank Knowledge Economy Forum Technology Absorption by Innovative SMEs Ancona 17 June 2008. PLENARY SESSION III Clusters & Integrating SMEs in Global Supply Chains Prof.Patrizio Bianchi Rector University of Ferrara, Italy. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The World BankKnowledge Economy Forum
Technology Absorption by Innovative SMEsAncona 17 June 2008
PLENARY SESSION IIIClusters & Integrating SMEs in Global Supply
Chains
Prof.Patrizio Bianchi
Rector University of Ferrara, Italy
Opportunities and limits of SMEs and Industrial Districts in Western Countries are very well-known by the literature
We know in particular problems related to innovation
Industrial district advantages have to be redefined in the new economic geography and in the new technological framework
New entrants are changing the global game
Organization of production vs. extent of the market
Global Supply Value chains
The case of specialized town of GuangDong
The case of Specialized Town of GuangDong
• 70 specialised towns officially recognised by Guangdong Government in 2002;
• 220 specialised towns today;• Most new towns are recognised in the Northern part of
the Province, in rural and less developed areas;• New towns are recognised also in the Pearl River Delta
region in high-tech sectors;• Specialised towns become an instrument of industrial
policy to promote innovation (innovation centres; projects for town-universities collaborations ect.)
GUANGZHOU
Massive investment for university to support industry reorganization
New university town
Universities in Italy
94 UNIVERSITIES:
66 STATE UNIVERSITIES among which 3 POLYTECHNICS 2 UNIVERSITIES FOR FOREIGN STUDENTS 6 SPECIAL SCHOOLS
17 NON-STATE UNIVERSITIES (legally recognized)
11 "OPEN UNIVERSITIES“
The role of university in industrial development
Internationalization of Italian university system as a
whole.
Improving the relations between university system and industrial system
The relation between university and industrial development depends on:
1) the effective role played by the local university systems in the formation and training of ruling class 2) the industrial structure and the its evolutionary pathway in the open economy
Main actors in research andtechnological development activities:
- universities - public research institutes - private companies- local institutions
ILO = Industrial Liaison Office(within the universities)
They deal with matters as:
- technological transfer - spin-off - incubators - patents - intellectual property rights
ILO’s birth date (n=39), Netval report 2007
51
57
4
911
6
1
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Prima del
2000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Num
ero
di u
nive
rsità
Anno di istituzione dell'UTT - Freq. Cum. Anno di istituzione dell'UTT - Freq. Ass.
Universities also participates in many activities with external partners
technological districts (12 regional areas)
science and technology parks: environment, biotechnology, telecommunication, hi-tech, multimedia
Centre of excellence 23 in biotechnology and biomedicine 7 in new materials 7 in economics and the social sciences 4 in environmental studies 2 in logistics 2 in ICT
Networking and partnership
Spin-off’s birth date in Italy (n=549), Netval report, 2007
5 6 916
116
11
21
39
2824
54
76 78
103
62
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Fino al1980
1981-1985
1986-1990
1991-1995
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007(provv.)
Num
ero
di im
pres
e
Geographical distribution in Italy (n=539), Netval report 2007
19,1%
12,6%
11,7%
9,3%
5,9%
4,8%
4,8%
4,6%
4,1%
3,5%
3,3%
3,3%
2,8%
2,8%
2,6%
2,0%
1,7%
0,4%
0,2%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%
EMILIA-ROMAGNA
LOMBARDIA
TOSCANA
PIEMONTE
VENETO
PUGLIA
UMBRIA
MARCHE
LIGURIA
TRENTINO
CALABRIA
FRIULI
CAMPANIA
LAZIO
SARDEGNA
SICILIA
ABRUZZO
MOLISE
BASILICATA
% di imprese
36,2%
14,6%
13,3%
12,3%
8,1%
7,6%
5,3%
1,9%
0,8%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
ICT
Life sciences
Energia e Ambiente
Elettronica
Servizi per l'innovazione
Biomedicale
Automazione industriale
Nanotecnologie
Aerospaziale
% di imprese
Spin-off’s Industrial Sector (n=427), Netval Report, 2007
Emilia Romagna policies toward SMEs innovations
• Spinner Programme, to favour the process of spin off creation inside universities and research centres
• Aster, the university, enterpriese, regional administration agency for innovation and technology transfer
• PRRIITT, Regional program for industrial research, innovation, and technology transfer, to create a network of univertsities, companies, institutions to support research, development and technology diffusion, in particular to SMEs
The case of University of Ferrara, founded in 1391
Copernicus was graduated in Ferrara in 1503
Nowaday Ferrara has 17.050 students
730 professors
600 junior researcher and doctorate students
8 faculties and 44 courses
The Institute of advanced studies IUSS supports 20 doctorate prgrammes
Giving value to research
Industrial liaison office, directly depending from the Rector
Cittec, centre for technology transfer, with the local institutions and the entrepeneurial associations
2 incubators, with 20 spin off companies
Consorzio Ferrara Ricerche, involving directly companies
3 technopoles, part of the regional program
Andamento del valore dei contratti (K€)
6281064
21252660
3904
5523 5436 5486 55466058
65927105
8307 8186
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Andamento % della acquisizione di
risorse pubbliche e private
% Risorse private
% Risorse pubbliche
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Science-tech campus
Agro-industrial campus
Chimbiomed campus
Clinical campus and new hospital
Cultural heritage, economic, law campus
THE UNIVERSITY TOWN
Final remarks
• Global value chains can be enriched by relations with university system, on both sides of research and education
• Emilia Romagna has invested massevely in this direction, involving SMEs in the enrichment process
• The case of Ferrara
The University of Ferrara:
since 1391 we look forward
Ancona, 17 JUne 2008