PM in the Czech PM in the Czech RepublicRepublic

Jiří Smolík and Jaroslav Schwarz

AEROSOL LABORATORYInstitute of Chemical Process FundamentalsAcademy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicRozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague–Suchdol, CR

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MonitoringMonitoring

Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (95)

www.chmi.cz

Public Health Service + National Institute of Public Health + Others (24)

www.szu.cz

PM10 (119) + PM2,5 (5)

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AIMAIMautomated air pollution monitoringautomated air pollution monitoring

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AIMAIMautomated air pollution monitoringautomated air pollution monitoring

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LimitsLimits

TSP

60 µg/m3 – annual

150 µg/m3 – daily

PM10

40 (6,4) µg/m3 – annual

50 (20) µg/m3 – daily

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Annual average concentrations of TSPAnnual average concentrations of TSP

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ResearchResearch

Aerosol Laboratory ICPF AS CR NPI AS CR IAC AS CR

Institute of Environmental StudiesCharles University, Faculty of Science

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Aerosol LaboratoryAerosol Laboratory

Composition of atmospheric aerosols Indoor/outdoor aerosols Combustion aerosols Nucleation phenomena Nanoparticle synthesis

www.icpf.cas.cz/react/react.aspx#aero

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Aerosol LaboratoryAerosol Laboratory

Subgrid scale investigations of factors determining the occurrence of ozone and fine particles (5. FP SUB-AERO)

Characterisation of urban air quality – indoor/outdoor particulate matter chemical characteristics and source-to-inhaled dose relationships (5. FP URBAN-AEROSOL)

Comprehensive size resolved characterisation of atmospheric particulate matter in Prague (GA CR)

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Aerosol LaboratoryAerosol Laboratory

Detailed characterisation of PM10 fraction of atmospheric aerosol at suburban site of Prague and determination of urban influence on local Air Quality (GA CR submitted)

Prague suburb aerosol size dependent characterisation (COST 633, MEYS submitted)

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

Fig. 5b Athens, July 1 - July 2, 2000

-10

10

30

50

70

0.01 0.1 1 10 100

Dp [mm]

dm/d

log(

Dp)

[ mg/

m3 ]

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

10

Ju

l 00

12

Ju

l 00

14

Ju

l 00

16

Ju

l 00

18

Ju

l 00

20

Ju

l 00

22

Ju

l 00

24

Ju

l 00

26

Ju

l 00

28

Ju

l 00

30

Ju

l 00

7 J

an

01

9 J

an

01

11

Ja

n 0

1

13

Ja

n 0

1

Sampling start date

Mas

s co

nc.

[µg

/m3]

PM1 - darkPM10 - light

BOAT

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

Si

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

10

Ju

l 00

12

Ju

l 00

14

Ju

l 00

16

Ju

l 00

18

Ju

l 00

20

Ju

l 00

22

Ju

l 00

24

Ju

l 00

26

Ju

l 00

28

Ju

l 00

30

Ju

l 00

7 J

an

01

9 J

an

01

11

Ja

n 0

1

13

Ja

n 0

1

Sampling start date

Mas

s c

on

c.

[ng

/m3] PM1 - dark

PM10 - light BOAT

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

K

0

100

200300

400

500

600

700800

900

10001

0 J

ul 0

0

12

Ju

l 00

14

Ju

l 00

16

Ju

l 00

18

Ju

l 00

20

Ju

l 00

22

Ju

l 00

24

Ju

l 00

26

Ju

l 00

28

Ju

l 00

30

Ju

l 00

7 J

an

01

9 J

an

01

11

Ja

n 0

1

13

Ja

n 0

1

Sampling start date

Mas

s co

nc.

[n

g/m

3] PM1 - dark

PM10 - light BOAT

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0

SUB-AEROSUB-AEROS

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

400010

Jul

00

12 J

ul 0

0

14 J

ul 0

0

16 J

ul 0

0

18 J

ul 0

0

20 J

ul 0

0

22 J

ul 0

0

24 J

ul 0

0

26 J

ul 0

0

28 J

ul 0

0

30 J

ul 0

0

7 Ja

n 01

9 Ja

n 01

11 J

an 0

1

13 J

an 0

1

Sampling start date

Mas

s co

nc.

[n

g/m

3] PM1 - dark

PM10 - light

BOAT

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

Cl

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

40001

0 J

ul 0

0

12

Ju

l 00

14

Ju

l 00

16

Ju

l 00

18

Ju

l 00

20

Ju

l 00

22

Ju

l 00

24

Ju

l 00

26

Ju

l 00

28

Ju

l 00

30

Ju

l 00

7 J

an

01

9 J

an

01

11

Ja

n 0

1

13

Ja

n 0

1

Sampling start date

Mas

s co

nc.

[n

g/m

3] PM1 - dark

PM10 - light

BOAT

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SUB-AEROSUB-AERO

Ni

0

1

23

4

5

6

78

9

101

0 J

ul 0

0

12

Ju

l 00

14

Ju

l 00

16

Ju

l 00

18

Ju

l 00

20

Ju

l 00

22

Ju

l 00

24

Ju

l 00

26

Ju

l 00

28

Ju

l 00

30

Ju

l 00

7 J

an

01

9 J

an

01

11

Ja

n 0

1

13

Ja

n 0

1

Sampling start date

Ma

ss

co

nc

. [n

g/m

3] PM1 - dark

PM10 - lightBOAT

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

Family house, Steinborgveien, Oslo, Norway,

3.-14.6.2002

Office of the Fondazione Lombardia per l’Ambiente

Milan, Italy, 8.-23.10.2002

Apartment, ICPF, Prague, Czech Republic,

16.-29.11.2002

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

NanoSMPS: 3 nm - 1 mm

DMA2 (EC 3085) + UCPC (3025)

SMPS: 7 nm - 1 mm

DMA1 (EC 3071A) + CPC (3022A)

APS (3321): 0,5 mm - 20 mm

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

Ion Chromatography:

NH4+, Na+, K+, Ca+, Mg+, SO4

2-, NO3-, Cl-

PIXE: Al,Ca,Cr,Cu,Fe,K,Mn,Ni,Pb,S,Si,Ti,V,Zn

INAA:Al,Ag,As,Au,Ba,Br,Ca,Cd,Ce,Cl,Co,Cr,Cu,Eu,Fe,Ga,Hf,I,K,La,Mg,Mn,Mo,Na,Ni,Rb,Sb,Sc,Se,Sm,Sr,Ta,Th,Ti,U,V,W,Zn

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0,0 0,1 1,0 10,0 100,0

Dae (µm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

µg

/m3

Outdoor

Indoor

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

0,0 0,1 1,0 10,0 100,0

Dae (µm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

µg

/m3

Outdoor

Indoor

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

0,0 0,1 1,0 10,0 100,0

Dae (µm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

µg

/m3

Outdoor

Indoor

0

10

20

30

40

50

0,0 0,1 1,0 10,0 100,0

Dae (µm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

µg

/m3

Outdoor

Indoord)

a) b)

c)

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOLNO3

-

0

1

2

3

4

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

gD

p [

µg

/m3

]

indoor

outdoor

SO42-

0

1

2

3

4

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

gD

p [

µg

/m3

]

indoor

outdoor

NH4+

0

1

2

3

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

gD

p [

µg

/m3

]

indoor

outdoor

K+

0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

gD

p [

µg

/m3

]indoor

outdoor

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0,0 0,1 1,0 10,0 100,0

Dae (µm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

µg

/m3

Outdoor

Indoor

0

30

60

90

120

150

180

0,0 0,1 1,0 10,0 100,0

Dae (µm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

µg

/m3

Outdoor

Indoor

0

10

20

30

40

50

0,0 0,1 1,0 10,0 100,0

Dae (µm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

µg

/m3

Outdoor

Indoorc)

a) b)

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOLNO3

-

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

gD

p [

µg

/m3

]

indoor

outdoor

SO42-

0

2

4

6

8

10

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

gD

p [

µg

/m3

]

indoor

outdoor

NH4+

0

2

4

6

8

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

gD

p [

µg

/m3

]

indoor

outdoor

K+

0

0,3

0,6

0,9

1,2

1,5

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

gD

p [

µg

/m3

]

indoor

outdoor

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

Matrix element size distribution - Outdoor

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm/d

log(

Dp)

ng/

m3

AL

SI

S

CL

K

CA

FE

Matrix elements size distribution - Indoor

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]dm

/dlo

g(D

p) n

g/m

3

AL

SI

S

CL

K

CA

FE

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URBAN-AEROSOLURBAN-AEROSOL

Trace element size distribution - Outdoor

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]

dm

/dlo

g(D

p)

ng/

m3

MN

CU

ZN

BR

PB

TI

Trace element size distribution - Indoor

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

0,01 0,1 1 10 100

Dp [µm]d

m/d

log

(Dp)

ng/

m3

MN

CU

ZN

BR

TI

PB3

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

Characterisation of atmospheric PM

at two locations in Prague

● NW suburb of Prague

● centre of Prague

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

Mass concentration

PM1, PM2.5, PM10, BLPI impactor

Chemical and elemental composition

IC, PIXE, INAA, ICP-MS, AAS

Number concentration

SMPS, APS

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

0

20

40

60

80

0,01 0,1 1 10

Dae (mm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

mg

/m3

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

0

20

40

60

80

100

0,0 0,1 1,0 10,0

Dae (µm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

µg

/m3

■ suburban site

□ downtown site

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0,01 0,1 1 10

Dae (mm)

dm

/dlo

g(D

p),

mg

/m3

■ suburban site□ downtown site

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

Laboratory for Atmospheric Aerosol Research

Aerosol Laboratory ICPF AS CR

+

Czech Hydrometeorological Institute

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

Aerosol Laboratory:PM1, PM2.5, PM10, BLPI impactor, NanoSMPS, SMPS, APS

IC, PIXE, INAA, OCEC

Czech Hydrometeorological Institute:

SO2, NOx, O3, continuous PM10, meteorology

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL

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PRAGUE AEROSOLPRAGUE AEROSOL