pm40065271 - ayming canada improving flood ... the modern world—offshoring, cross-discipline...

JULY/AUGUST 2017

PM40

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Improving Flood Preparedness for British Columbians

Making Strategic Research and Development Financing Work

Funding Homegrown Innovation

Council Election • Benevolent Fund and Foundation Donors • Disciplinary Notices • Branding Update

JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS AND GEOSCIENTISTS OF BC

contents

i n n o v a t i o n J U LY / A U G U S T 2 0 1 7 3

JULY/AUGUST 2017 [volume 21 number 4)

depar tments4 President’s Viewpoint: Reflections on Changing Perceptions of the Professions 5 Letters 12 Council Report 25 Insight 26 Community 28 Discipline 30 Benevolent Fund and Foundation Donors 34 Professional Services 38 Membership 38 Classifieds 38 Display Advertisers Index 39 APEGBC Continuing Professional Development

ON THE COVER: Nano One Materials Corp. has made use of a number of government funding programs since 2011 to support projects, including construction of a $6-million pilot plant to prove production viability of a new process in a full-scale commercial facility.

Highway 16 was closed in both directions in June 2012 when a mudslide came down near the junction of Highway 5 at Tete Jaune Cache, cutting off travel from Prince George to Alberta. Photo credit: ministry of transPortation and infrastructure, cc by-nc-nd.

22

features14 Funding Homegrown Innovation Robin J. Miller

18 Making Strategic Research and Development Financing Work Darius Garcha, P.Eng., CPA, and Laslo Cesar

22 Improving Flood Preparedness for British Columbians Kylie Williams

news8 Newsmakers Engineers Canada Honours Contributions of Two BC Members; Member

Recognized by YWCA; Green Building Awards Acknowledge BC Expert; Society Commemorates Canada’s First Pre-stressed Concrete Bridge; Study Highlights BC Labour Market Information Needs; GIT Program Information Guide Available

10 Association Notes New Procedure for Submitting Motions for the 2017 Annual General Meeting; Coming Soon: Renewed Brand for the Association in late August; Cast Your Vote in the 2017 Council Election; Questions and Misconceptions; Certified Professional Program

v iewpoint

Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of BC

Suite 200 - 4010 Regent Street, Burnaby, BC Canada V5C 6N2

Tel: 604.430.8035 Fax: 604.430.8085

Email: [email protected] Internet: apeg.bc.ca

Toll free: 1.888.430.8035

APEGBC COUNCIL 2016/2017

President bob stewart, P.eng.

vice-President dr. ed casas, P.eng.

immediate Past President dr. michael wrinch, P.eng., fec, fgc (hon.)

COUNCILLORS

C.J.A. Andrewes, P.Eng.; S. Cheema, CA, CPA

R. Farbridge, P.Eng.; C. Hall, P.Eng./P.Geo.

S. Hayes, P.Eng.; K. Laloge, CPA, CA, TEP; S. Martin, P.Eng.

C. Moser, P.Eng.; R.B. Nanson, P.Eng.

S.R. Rettie, P.Eng., FEC; L. Spence, P.Eng.

K. Tarnai-Lokhorst, P.Eng., FEC; J. Turner, P.Ag. (ret); D. Wells, JD

ASSOCIATION STAFF

A.J. English, P.Eng. chief executive officer and registrar

T.M.Y. Chong, P.Eng. chief regulatory officer and dePuty registrar

J.Y. Sinclair chief oPerating officer

M.L. Archibald director, communications and stakeholder engagement

J. Cho, CGA director, finance and administration

D. Gamble director, information systems

P.R. Mitchell, P.Eng. director, Professional Practice, standards and develoPment

D. Olychick director, member services

G.M. Pichler, P.Eng. director, registration

E. Swartz, LLB director, legislation, ethics and comPliance

V. Lai, CGA associate director, finance and administration

M.A. Rigolo P.Eng., associate director, engineering admissions

l. steele, P.geo., associate director, Professional Practice

APEGBC EDITORIAL BOARD

J. Bracho, P.Eng.; E.A. Brown, P.Eng.; K.C. Chan, P.Eng., CPA;

S. Chiu, P.Eng.; T. George, P.Eng.; H. Ghalibafian, P.Eng.

G. Grill, P.Eng.; R. Ord, P.Eng.; A.M. Westin, GIT; M.J. Zieleman, EIT

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Innovation is published six times a year by the Association of Professional

Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia. As the official publication of

the association, Innovation is circulated to members of the engineering and

geoscience professions, architects, contractors and industry executives. The

views expressed in any article contained herein do not necessarily represent

the views or opinions of the Council or membership of this association.

All material is copyright. Please contact the Managing Editor for reprint permission.

Submission Guidelines: Innovation encourages unsolicited articles and

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4 J U LY/A U G U S T 2 017 i n n o v a t i o n

[email protected]

Bob Stewart, P.Eng.

President

JULY/AUGUST 2017 VOLUME 21 NUMBER 4

In an organization with some 33,000+ members it is only natural that there might be different perceptions and expectations out there about the association and the professions it represents.

We have a name, a logo, shared beliefs and shared values about how we should conduct ourselves, but this is complicated by an array of perspectives and priorities—how the organization sees itself, its role as a regulator and its expectations of members; how members see themselves as professionals, what they expect of their colleagues and their association.

Most importantly, as an organization and professions that are charged with serving the public interest, how the public perceives us and the work we do is deeply relevant to us.

We have often considered ourselves the silent professions, steadily and quietly toiling for the betterment of society, happy to let our work speak for us. However, we’re on shifting sands—what we need to be as a regulator and who we are as professionals has changed over time.

We are not who we once were. Engineers and geoscientists aren’t just the technical experts we used to define ourselves as. Our work today requires leadership, multi-disciplinary approaches, teamwork, project management, and communications skills. And, as an organization, we are facing the challenges of regulating in the modern world—offshoring, cross-discipline practice, and regulatory grey areas.

We are multi-faceted professions, as diverse as the professionals who represent them.

We have a larger story to tell, and this is critical, otherwise we are defined by others’ interpretation. Often, what people see of us is informed solely by popular media, usually in the wake of disaster—Elliot Lake, Mt. Polley, the De la Concorde overpass. The reality is that this has an impact on public confidence in our professions, and in our ability as a regulator to keep the public safe, with resulting consequences: the public expects more accountability from professionals, and government wants to see regulators proactively carrying out their roles.

To that end, it has become increasingly important to have a strategic approach to shaping public perception of our role as a regulator, and as professions. For us to actively tell our story. And, as the renewed brand launches in the next few weeks, you’ll see this unfold. More than just a logo and a name, you’ll see calculated and consistent internal and external messaging and representation of BC engineers and geoscientists in the public eye, shaped by the responses of members.

And, just what are we saying? What’s our story?We have a proud tradition, but we have our eye on the future.

We are an organization and professions that are inclusive of people of all backgrounds and genders. We are defined by our ethics, our drive for progress and our commitment to the safety and well-being of British Columbians. We are an organization of professionals who use their skills, knowledge and experience to keep the public safe.

As engineers and geoscientists, we feel strongly about the work we do, and we have often seen modesty as a virtue. However, when it comes to building greater public understanding and confidence in our professions, the ethical and professional standards to which we hold ourselves, and the value we contribute to the province, perhaps there’s a greater good to be had in tooting your own horn.

Reflections on Changing

Perceptions of the Professions

le t ters

i n n o v a t i o n J U LY/A U G U S T 2 017 5

Engineers Must Direct Efforts to Solar-based PowerAn engineer’s role is to guard against conditions which are dangerous or threatening to the environment. Equally as the medical profession is bound by Hippocratic Oath to do no harm, we the engineers are sworn to guard the environment and public from harm according to our Code of Ethics, Section 2 specifically.

I believe that the issue of global warming requires our, the engineers, input into the polemics among politicians, economists, fossil fuel producers, meteorologist, and others. Actually, we are the only ones who can do the real applicable math: Power in = power out @ global temperature.

The Sun provides us with about 1 kW/m², totaling about 128 PW to earth surface, which we, for the thermal balance at about 12°C, radiate out into the 3°K black sky. By using fossil fuels we are adding a significant amount of energy. Counting the global yearly production of coal, oil, and gas we can calculate per hour value as about 6.7 PW of added energy. This represents over 5% of solar gain, leading to about a 3°C temperature rise.

This is a fact. By the logic, the only legitimate source of power for us is the Sun. The Sun’s power is abundant; it can cover all our energy needs. Any other energy source causes global warming. Therefore, it is essential for livability of our planet that we direct our efforts to replace the fossil fuels with solar based power (radiant, water, wind, hydrogen) immediately and passionately, if it is not too late already. Technology and know-how are already here, we only have to bring the message to our politicians, industry and economists, and also to some of our fellow scientists who still indulge in the developments of other non-solar energy sources.

We, the engineers, have to provide the real data to our leaders, in a form simple enough to understand yet strongly enough to break through the apathy avoiding the need for change.

—Rudolf E. Marek, P. Eng., Energy

Letters to the editor containing your views on topics of interest are encouraged. Opinions expressed in letters are not necessarily endorsed by APEGBC. Letters should be 300 words or less and can be emailed to [email protected].

Find information at apeg.bc.ca/Submitting-to-Innovation.

A YEAR canCHANGE

EVERYTHING

mel.ubc.ca


le t ters

Think Again Before You Try Hard to Mitigate Climate ChangeWith reference to the article “Positioning APEGBC and Its Members to Respond to Climate Change” (January/February 2017), I suggest engineers and the association take some advice from your geologists before trying too hard to mitigate “climate change.” It might be bigger than traces of CO2.

Most of the hullabaloo about global warming is driven by a small number of scientists with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change who estimate minute changes in world-wide temperatures, on the order of 0.02°C, with an assumed error of 0.1°C. They have already revised their nomenclature from “global warming” to “climate change.” Do they understand that earth’s climate has been changing for millions of years? Since long before humans existed and before humans cleared land by burning forests, and then burned firewood, whale oil, coal, petroleum, natural gas, gasoline and diesel?

Your geologists have studied glaciers in the geologic record. Not long ago, North America was covered with thick ice as far south as the present-day Ohio River. Moraines, glacial till, drumlins, polished roches moutonées and scoured valleys were first noted in Europe, then in the Americas. In due course, when glacial features were familiar, geologists found evidence of ice ages millions of years before the Cenozoic, deep in geologic history.

If ice ages occurred long ago, climate must have changed to get us into and out of them. Aren’t we now in a period of warming after an ice age that ended about 10,000 years ago—and another one called the Little Ice Age, from 700 to 200 years ago, which devastated agriculture and caused famine in Europe?

Please, engineers, design and build for climate change, but think again before you try too hard to mitigate it. You might learn it has little to do with CO2 in the air.

—Dr. Andrew E. Nevin, P.Eng. (Geological) Surrey, BC

Response from the Climate Change Advisory Group:

The APEGBC Climate Change Advisory Group (CCAG), which acts as an advisory body to APEGBC’s Council, acknowledges the Editorial Board’s policies to provide a forum for all APEGBC members to share their views, but wishes to express respectful disagreement with Mr. Nevin’s views. Mr. Nevin’s statements are at odds with the best available science on the topic. For example, a summary of climate change evidence and causes from the UK National Academy of Sciences and the Canadian Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions are just few of many credible references available to decision makers, policy makers, educators, and individuals seeking authoritative answers on climate change, and they include answers to many frequently asked questions on the topic. The CCAG encourages engineers and geoscientists to stay informed about the evolving scientific evidence on human-induced climate change as well as the potential risks and impacts related to their work.

Resources:UK National Academy of Sciences,“Climate Change Evidence and Causes”:royalsociety.org/~/media/Royal_Society_Content/policy/projects/climate-evidence-causes/climate-change-evidence-causes.pdf.

Pacific Institute for Climate Solutions: “Climate Insights 101”: pics.uvic.ca/education/climate-insights-101. v

Mission: InnovationAs APEGBC’s official publication, Innovation aims to publish information that is of interest and relevance to the professions, is balanced, objective and impartial, affects the conduct of members, and showcases innovative engineering and geoscience work of members. A secondary aim is to provide a forum for the exchange of views among APEGBC members through the publication of letters to the editor.

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news

Engineers Canada Honours Contributions of Two BC MembersDr. Jonathan Holzman, P.Eng., who won APEGBC’s 2016 President’s Award in the category of teaching excellence, recently received Engineers Canada’s highest teaching accolade, the Medal for Distinction in Engineering Education. The UBC Okanagan associate professor is known by his students and staff for implementing a number of innovative teaching methods, taking the time to explain practical applications, and using technology for teaching, including live demonstrations involving lasers.

Engineers Canada also recognized University of British Columbia undergraduate engineering student

and APEGBC student member Veronica Knott as the 2017 Gold Medal Student.

These two joined six other Canadian engineers that Engineers Canada recognized for their contributions to the profession. Engineers Canada presents the awards annually to highlight professional excellence, as well as the contributions of engineers to their community, and to the safety and well-being of Canadians.

Engineers Canada is the national organization of the provincial and territorial associations that regulate the engineering profession in Canada.

Dr. Jonathan Holzman, P.Eng.

Catherine Roome, P.Eng.

Member Recognized by YWCAThis May, Catherine Roome, P.Eng., became a YWCA Woman of Distinction, winning the national award in the Public Service category. As president and CEO of BC Safety Authority (BCSA), Roome manages BC’s leading independent risk management organization, sharing technical expertise and overseeing the province’s safety framework through assessment, research, enforcement, education and outreach. She has pursued and received multiple levels of support that resulted in a new and progressive

safety management system and shifted BCSA to become a knowledge-based and independently managed regulator.

Recognized nationally, the YWCA Women of Distinction Awards honour individuals and organizations whose outstanding activities and achievements contribute to the well-being and future of our communities.Photo: : Wendy D Photography

Society Commemorates Canada’s First Pre-stressed Concrete Bridge The Canadian Society for Civil Engineering celebrated a small, six-decade-old bridge in North Vancouver during the society’s 2017 conference. The Mosquito Creek Bridge, originally completed in 1953, represents the first use of pre-stressed concrete technology on bridge stringers in Canada. The technology is now one of the most widely used bridge-construction methods.

A historic plaque commemorates the historic significance of the bridge, located near the intersection of North Vancouver’s Marine Drive and Fell Avenue. The plaque also recognizes the

role of the late APEGBC member A.B. Sanderson, P.Eng., as the bridge’s original engineer.

The Canadian Society for Civil Engineering’s National History Committee works to increase public and professional awareness of civil engineers and civil engineering as an integral part of Canadian history, heritage and society.

Find more information about the Mosquito Creek Bridge at csce.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/civil_may_2017.pdf

Green Building Awards Acknowledge BC Expert The Canada Green Building Council honoured APEGBC member Advicas Group Consultants Inc. Sustainability Consultant Wendy MacDonald, P.Eng., with its Technical Expertise Volunteer Leadership Award at its 2017 national conference. The award is presented to an individual who has dedicated considerable time and shared their expertise in an advisory capacity towards the advancement of LEED in Canada.

In addition, the Vancouver Convention Centre received one of the council’s first-ever Green Building Excellence awards. The convention centre earned the award in the existing building category. Photo: Gordon Bell CC BY-ND 2.0


GIT Program Information Guide AvailableGeoscientists Canada recently released its Geoscientists-in-Training (GIT) Program Information Guide. The guide is part of a national initiative to raise awareness of the programs offered by all the professional geoscience associations to assist in preparing individuals for their professional geoscientist (P.Geo.) designation.

Geoscientists-In-Training programs support individuals who are accumulating the required work experience to complete their professional qualifications. In employing a geoscientist-in-training, current and prospective employers can be confident that a person is both academically qualified and is gaining supervised experience and on the path to becoming a P.Geo.

The 20-page guide provides information and support to university students of geology/earth science, environmental geoscience and geophysics programs, and to geoscience graduates with less than 48 months of eligible work experience, as they work towards their career goal to become a professional geologist or P.Geo.

The guide can be found at www.geoscientistscanada.ca. v

Study Highlights BC Labour Market Information NeedsFindings from a new study about key occupations that support the Asia Pacific Gateway will enhance employers’ recruitment activities for engineers, geoscientists, technologists and technicians.

Digging Deeper: Understanding the Engineering, Geoscientist, Technologist, and Technicians Labour Market in the Asia Pacific Gateway follows up on the Engineers, Geoscientists, Technologists and Technicians Labour Market Information study released in 2015, which provided a 10-year forecast for important labour market supply and demand information on 31 engineering, geoscience, technology and technical occupations.

Digging Deeper focuses on four main areas, including understanding how occupations are dispersed across the disciplines, how the occupations work together in teams, and how new workers enter these occupations. The fourth area explored was the extent to which BC expertise is exported to support projects overseas and how that expertise is valued here at home.

Key findings identify a need to improve methodologies and processes used to model labour market changes and information forecasting for engineering, geoscience, technology and technical workers in Canada’s economy.

A better understanding of the workers in these occupations was also identified, as well as what employers’ needs and expectations are in the labour market. The research sheds light on the work environment, team structures and professional demands of the occupations in question. This information will help employers strategize how they can recruit and retain workers, and improve business productivity and profitability.

Engineering, geoscience, technology and technical occupations are critical to supporting Canada’s Asia Pacific Gateway, a major driver in BC’s economy. While the study applies to BC, the findings are relevant to other jurisdictions in Canada.

Digging Deeper is a partnership between the Asia Pacific Gateway Skills Table, the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of BC, the Association of Consulting Engineering Companies - BC, and the Applied Science Technologists and Technicians of BC. The project is funded by the Government of Canada’s Sectoral Initiatives Program.

Download Digging Deeper: Understanding the Engineering, Geoscientist, Technologist, and Technicians Labour Market in the Asia Pacific Gateway at apgst.ca/projects/pdfs/Digging-Deeper-Understanding-the-EGTT-in-the-APG.pdf.

Read about the 2015 Engineers, Geoscientists, Technologists and Technicians Labour Market Information study at www.lmionline.ca/projects/egtt/.

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Coming Soon: Renewed Brand for the Association in late AugustAs we move closer to launching our renewed brand in the coming weeks, we are getting ready to make a visible shift in our public and member communications. As a regulator, our focus will always remain on safety and protecting the public interest, but the world and our professions are constantly changing and we are seizing the opportunity to actively shape how our professions are perceived to effectively to deliver on that primary focus.

Our new brand identity has been developed to represent the professionalism and prestige of our association and our members. At the launch in late August and going forward, you will see a consistent and impactful visual expression of who we are. Our drive is to be a beacon of inclusivity, with a focus on ethics, excellence, and progress.

Online, in print, and in person, we will show that BC’s engineering and geoscience professionals are modern and diverse, practising to the highest professional and ethical standards.

You may recall that our renewed brand was developed over three years, as a deliverable of the 2014-2017 strategic plan. At the direction of Council, a task force of members and staff worked with an external creative agency to define and bring to life the essence of the association and its members. Consultation was an integral part of this process, including engagement and testing with members, stakeholders, and the public.

Members are our best champions and we look forward to revealing and celebrating our new brand with you later this summer. If you’re looking for more information on our work to date, catch up on branding news by reading updates in past issues of Innovation (May/June 2017 – page 10, March/April 2017 – page 8, and September/October 2014 – page 8) at apeg.bc.ca/Resources/News-and-Publications/Innovation-Magazine/Innovation-Past-Issues.

Questions? Contact Maria-Carmen Kelly, Marketing Specialist, at [email protected] or 604.639.8179.

New Procedure for Submitting Motions for the 2017 Annual General Meeting Changes to the rules that govern the Annual General Meeting (AGM) are being introduced this year to allow members to learn more about proposed motions in advance, before engaging in debate or voting on the motions at the meeting.

Under the revised meeting rules:a) members should submit

motions for consideration at the meeting 30 days in advance of the AGM (by 5:00 pm on Thursday, September 21, 2017), and

b) members can only submit motions on the day of the AGM if two-thirds of those in attendance support their introduction.

These changes are intended to support sound decision making—allowing the advance publication of motions so that members have time to inform themselves on a given topic prior to debating it at the meeting, and enabling members to decide whether they have enough information to immediately consider the topic being raised in a motion.

Advanced submission also allows time to address any procedural issues with proposed motions in anticipation of presentation at the AGM.

To submit a motion, download the Proposed AGM Motion Form at apeg.bc.ca/agm and email the completed form to Sarah Wray, executive assistant to Council, at [email protected] by 5:00 PM, September 21, 2017. Motions may be proposed by professional members (P.Eng. or P.Geo.) or licensees (Eng.L. or Geo.L.). A motion’s mover and seconder must both be present at the AGM to introduce their motion.

Motions will be published to members in early October.

The AGM will be held at 8:30 AM on Saturday, October 21, 2017, in Whistler, BC. For more information, visit apeg.bc.ca/agm.

Cast Your Vote in the 2017 Council ElectionVoting for the 2017 Council Election will be conducted electronically, and members and licensees will be emailed access to candidate statements and voting instructions on September 8, 2017. Be sure to verify or update your contact information with APEGBC so that you receive the voter information email for the election. This information will also be available online, and paper ballots and hard copies of the candidate statements can be requested from the APEGBC office.

Voting opens September 8 and remains open until 12:00 pm noon, pdt, Friday, October 6, 2017.

APEGBC members eligible to vote in Council elections include professional members (P.Eng. and P.Geo.) and engineering and geoscience licensees (Eng.L. and Geo.L.).

When logging into the APEGBC website to update your information, consider updating your password. Regular password changes help keep your information secure.

To update your information or change your password, log onto the member portal at apeg.bc.ca/update-info, or contact the APEGBC office at 604.430.8035 or toll-free 1.888.430.8035.


Certified Professional ProgramFollowing the past success of the Certified Professional (CP) Program course, APEGBC and the Architectural Institute of BC (AIBC)worked together to offer the course again this year from January to April 2017. The CP Program provides an alternative to the conventional building permit and inspection process used by the cities of Vancouver and Surrey, and other municipalities. Through the program, participating municipalities can issue a building permit on the certification of a recognized registered professional engineer or architect—the CP.

The 2017 CP Program course focused on advanced code knowledge, with emphasis on Part 3 and relevant associated provisions of the BC Building Code and the Vancouver Building Bylaw, as well as topics closely related to CP practice. A two-day tutorial and intense two-day final exams followed the course. The Advanced Code Knowledge course was also offered along with the CP course for the first time this year.

The 2017 CP Program course was fully enrolled, with 10 registrants in the Advanced Code Knowledge course and 24 in the full CP Program course. Of the 13 candidates who successfully completed the full CP Program, four engineering professionals and three architects were granted the specialist certified professional (CP) designation. Three engineers-in-training also successfully completed the program, and will have the CP designation conferred when they achieve professional engineer (P.Eng.) status.

The 13 successful candidates are: Ron Bijok, Architect AIBC; Edward Chow, EIT; Richard Dohmeier, Architect AIBC; Mercedes Duifhuis, EIT; Gloria Grill, P.Eng.; David Chih Wai Ho, P.Eng.; John Wesley Lim, P.Eng.; Agata Malczyk, Architect AIBC; Mary McMains, Intern Architect, AIBC; Jon Milloy, P. Eng,; Sunny Nam, Architectural Technologist AIBC; Juraj Novota, P.Eng.; and Mark Olsthoorn, EIT.

APEGBC and AIBC express their gratitude to the course lecturers, as well as the members of the exam committee who assisted in the development and marking of the final exams.

Due to the proposed publication of the BC Building Code 2017 tentatively scheduled for January 2018, APEGBC and AIBC plan to offer the next CP Program course in 2019. However due to its popularity, the Advanced Code Knowledge part of the course will be offered again in early 2018.

Questions and MisconceptionsI often speak with members who have questions about APEGBC. In some cases, these questions are actually common misconceptions about APEGBC’s role and its practices.

For example, members sometimes comment that APEGBC’s fees are high. In fact, at $380.00 (+ tax) our annual dues are amongst the lowest of all of professional regulators in the province (lawyers pay $3,875.57, accountants pay $930, and registered nurses pay $527.36). They are also in line with the fees of our similarly-sized sister associations, including Alberta ($360), Ontario ($399 – PEO and OSPE), Saskatchewan ($450) and Manitoba ($390).

We’ve kept our member dues the same for five years. In addition, Council has approved the current budget with no member dues increase confirmed in the coming year, and no increase expected over the next three years. The budget is published on the website at apeg.bc.ca/About-Us/Governance/Responsible-Financial-Management.

Some other misconceptions that I hear are:

APEGBC must always act in members’ interests. The association exists under an Act of the BC Legislature. Before anything else, we must uphold the primary mandate of this Act, and that is to protect the public interest with respect to the practice of professional engineering and geoscience.

Members can change the Act. Only the BC Legislature can change the Engineers and Geoscientists Act. Members can change bylaws with a two-thirds majority ratification vote, but even this vote is subject to ratification by government.

Council meetings are closed to the public. Council meetings are open to the public. The schedule is posted on

our website and the meetings are conducted in our offices in Burnaby. There is usually a brief closed session, but we have a transparency policy that restricts what matters can be considered there. (View the policy at apeg.bc.ca/About-Us/Our-Team/Council/Council-Resources-and-Forms)

Staff make the nominations for Council candidates. This work is conducted by the Nominating Committee, which is chaired by the Past President. The committee comprises representatives from the branches, and members appointed by Council.

APEGBC has low voter turnout for elections. Although we continue to strive for greater participation, APEGBC actually has slightly higher voter turnout than other engineering and geoscience regulators. Our typical turnout is between 18 and 30%; in 2016, we received 19%. By comparison, in 2016, Manitoba received 18%, Alberta received 15%, and Ontario received 10%.

If you are interested in learning more about how APEGBC functions, I encourage you to attend a Council meeting. If you have any questions of your own about the association, please contact me, the President, a Council member, or a member of staff.

Ann English, P.Eng., is the CEO and Registrar of APEGBC. You can reach her at [email protected], or President Bob Stewart, P.Eng., at [email protected].

Ann English, P.Eng.,CEO and Registrar

associa t ion notes


JUNE 16, 2017Council Considers Improvements to Bylaw Consultation PolicyThe association’s current Policy on Bylaw Consultation was implemented in 2011 to establish a consistent process for member and stakeholder engagement on proposed changes to association bylaws. The policy establishes the scale of consultation to be undertaken based on the level of impact anticipated by a proposed bylaw change. The Governance Committee recently reviewed the policy and proposed revised wording to update the document for the approval of Council.

Council passed a motion to refer the matter back to the Governance Committee to clarify which parts of the process are subject to approval by Council vs. the Executive Committee, as well as to clarify the order of operations for bylaw policy processes.

Volunteer Guidelines Approved for UseIn response to volunteer feedback, volunteer guidelines were created to provide support and clarify expectations around volunteer roles. The content of the guidelines was approved by Council in June 2016, and at their June 2017 meeting, Council approved the Volunteer Guidelines Policy to implement the guideline document.

Changes to AGM Motion Submission Outlined in Draft Rules for 2017Council approved the draft 2017 Annual General Meeting Rules. These draft rules establish process and conduct for the 2017 AGM, and will be brought forward for ratification by members at the start of the meeting. Different to the previous year, the 2017 rules require submission of motions 30 days in advance of the meeting; however, members can submit a motion on the day of the AGM if two-thirds of those in attendance support the introduction of the motion.

This change has been recommended by the Governance Committee to support sound decision making—allowing for the advance publication of motions so that members have time to inform themselves on a topic prior to debating it as a motion at the AGM.

More information on the AGM motion process for 2017 is available on page 10.

Summary of Action Taken on 2016 AGM MotionsThe following motions were brought forward by members for Council’s consideration at the 2016 annual general meeting of the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia held October 22, 2016, in Victoria, BC.

The actions taken by Council are noted below each motion.

Motion 1. That Council consider developing a proactive guideline that will require all members to take into consideration options to achieve net zero emissions in their professional practice.

The Climate Change Advisory Group recommended and Council agreed that the following current work being carried out under the direction of the CCAG should continue: 1. The development and revision of relevant

professional practice guidelines, delivery of relevant continuing professional development events, relevant conference offerings and other events;

2. The highlighting of members’ employers who are developing net zero approaches in their practice; and

3. The consideration of APEGBC working towards net zero emissions with the initial step being to undertake an audit of APEGBC office energy use and carbon emissions.

Motion 2. That Council consider reporting the results of membership voting by branch, which then would be aggregated to the total returns.

Council approved publishing voter turnout by branch periodically during the election period as a pilot for the 2017/2018 election.

Motion 3. That, in the interest of improved openness and transparency with the membership and the public, Council consider implementing a policy of publishing, both in Innovation and by broadcasting to the membership by email, any received written request signed by 25 members [pursuant to section 12(7) of the Engineers and Geoscientists Act] at the earliest possible opportunity.

Council decided that it will endeavour to publish as many petitions as possible, but retain the ability to exercise discretion in determining of whether to publicize 25 member petitions. v

associa t ion notescounci l repor t

APEGBC’s Council of elected members and government representatives meets throughout the year to conduct the business of association governance.

APPOINTMENTS

APEGBC/ABCFP Joint Practice BoardDr. David Wilford, P.Geo.,

FGC

Editorial BoardDr. Thomas George,

P.Eng., ChairKaren Chan, P.Eng.

Geoscience CommitteeGilles Dessureau, P.Geo.

Scrutineers for 2017/2018 Council ElectionJohn Watson, P.Eng., FEC,

FGC (Hon.)Kathleen Kompauer,

P.Eng., FEC, FGC (Hon.)

Ken Williams, P.Eng., FEC

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Money! It’s the single largest stumbling block to innovation and yet, in many ways, it is surprisingly easy to get—provided you have a truly useful idea and you know where to look. (Hint: it isn’t Dragon’s Den.)

In general, private investors look for projects that guarantee a safe return on their investment: they are less interested in ground-breaking technologies and more in iterations of what has already been proven in the marketplace. And they have virtually no interest at all in simple improvements to existing processes or procedures that may revolutionize one company’s way of working but never make it as a commercial product.

That’s where government funding comes in. At both the federal and provincial levels, substantial funding

for R&D and innovation is being deployed says David Lisk, vice president of the National Research Council Industrial Research Assistance Program (IRAP), “to help build the innovation-based economy and support the creation of sustainable companies.”

The NRC’s IRAP specifically supports small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) of up to 500 employees “interested in growing through commercializing innovative ideas,” says Lisk. “We come in

early in the life of the SME and provide advice and funding to help them throughout the lifecycle from idea to product launch.”

Other government funding programs (either direct or at arm’s length) are aimed at varying aspects and stages of industrial R&D. Some support universities and university researchers in doing fundamental and applied research; others support industry—established companies, as well as startups and entrepreneurs—to investigate, test, develop, and commercialize ideas. Still others support collaborations between universities and industry partners, allowing industry to access some of the best facilities and researchers in the world for a fraction of the usual price, and universities to train their students to solve real-world issues.

Dan Blondal, P.Eng., has taken advantage of a number of government funding programs since he co-founded Vancouver’s Nano One Materials Corp. in 2011. Blondal saw an opportunity to improve the way raw lithium is currently processed and transformed into energy storage—a potentially huge improvement for a world that is increasingly reliant on lithium ion batteries in smartphones, Teslas and a multitude of other applications.

Have a great idea for a new technology, product or process, but lack the funding or expertise to commercialize it?

Help is here—but maybe not where you think.

FUNDING HOMEGROWN INNOVATION

Robin J. Miller

f e a t u r e s

With government R&D funding, Guy Dumont, P.Eng.

and his team were able to develop the Kenek02, which

allows a mobile app to test for signs of easily preventable

but deadly illnesses.


To complete the necessary research, Nano One received help from Mitacs, a national, non-profit organization that functions as an R&D version of eHarmony. Mitacs matches private-sector companies that have ideas for processes or products, or are looking for solutions to specific problems, with graduate students or postdoctoral researchers for mutual benefit.

Evaluations “tell us that 92 percent of our partner companies would recommend our programs,” says Mitacs business development specialist Nolan Beise, largely, he thinks, because “we approve projects in four to six weeks” and because “academics don’t speak ‘business’ and business people don’t speak ‘academics.’ We are in the middle, making the connections and helping them communicate.”

Nano One also applied for and received IRAP funding to “ensure the technology would scale up,” says Blondal. “That first major IRAP grant enabled us to work in collaboration with incubator NORAM Engineering and Constructors Ltd., their subsidiary BC Research, and Simon Fraser University’s ultra-advanced 4D LABS,” which in turn owes its existence to a $7-million-plus infrastructure investment from the Canada Foundation for Innovation. It also “gave us the credibility to take our story out to stakeholders and investors,” he says.

Now, with help from those investors, NORAM, and two more government funding programs—Sustainable Development Technology Canada (SDTC) and the Automotive Supplier Innovation Program—Nano One has completed construction of a $6-million pilot plant to “prove the production viability of the new process in a full-scale commercial facility.”

Government funding, Blondal says, “helped de-risk the scale up from bench to pilot to full operation and what we believe will be successful commercialization, and not just for electric cars.”

Blondal has also received IRAP funding for Nano One’s next big project: to develop commercially viable cobalt-free cathode materials called high-voltage spinels.

Andrew Bamber, P.Eng., founder and CTO of MineSense Technologies Ltd. in Vancouver, also credits several government funders with helping him take “part of my PhD—which included the idea of applying a pre-concentration methodology to improve how mining companies sense and extract low-grade ore—and commercialize it.”

In 2009, Bamber began “looking for a postdoc with some skills in that area” to further explore his idea, and eventually connected with Mitacs to help him find and fund the right researcher. More Mitacs internships followed, along with several Engage Grants from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), which help pay for short-term university/industrial partner R&D collaborations up to a maximum of $25,000 over six months. Bamber also took advantage “in the very early days” of the Scientific Research and Experimental Development (SR&ED) Tax Credit, which helps cover salaries, wages, materials, and overhead, and later on of both IRAP and SDTC funding.

“As a start-up,” says Bamber, “we had to use these programs because you just don’t have enough cash to build the technology and build a business around that technology. It takes time and focus to do them, but you need to persevere and then persevere some more. Commercialization is hard and it takes time, especially with a product like ours. Most investors like light and fluffy projects, like apps, while we are working on industrial technology development, which is capital-intensive with a longer development cycle. But we are getting there.”

One good sign: this past February, the company announced $19 million in new venture capital funding for commercialization of the technology. “We have been fortunate to find partners with the vision, appetite, and confidence to be first movers.”

While MineSense and Nano One are just reaching commercialization, other BC companies that have received

significant government R&D support—such as Hootsuite—are international success stories. Less well known but potentially just as valuable (at least in world health terms) is the Kenek 02, now available commercially in Canada.

Developed by UBC’s Electrical and Computer Engineering professor Guy Dumont, P.Eng., working with a team at BC Children’s Hospital, the Kenek 02 is a Health Canada-approved, clinically accurate pulse oximeter that connects a person’s finger to a mobile device so

that an app can test for signs of easily preventable but often deadly illnesses such as pneumonia, sepsis, and pre-eclampsia. Useful here in this country, and a game-changer in poorer countries.

“Hundreds of thousands of women and babies die every year around the world from pre-eclampsia alone—99 percent of them in the developing world,” Dumont says. “Our health care system gives good care to patients, but not more than 10 percent of all people on the planet receive our level of care. Instead of working for the 10 percent already receiving good care, why not work for the 90 percent who do not?” The Kenek, he says, “is a low-cost, effective technology for the developing world,” especially in remote regions where access to hospitals is limited.

With government R&D funding that included a five-year NSERC Discovery Grant, Dumont was able to bring the oximeter to the stage where Tom Walker, a former medical device company executive who retired to Vancouver from Ontario, heard about it and its life-saving potential. He came out of retirement to found Lionsgate Technologies as a way to attract private investors (including Google) and transfer Dumont’s technology to market.

“Discovery funding gives you the flexibility to pursue any idea you want, even risky ideas like this one, that may never reach the stage where they can become a collaboration with industry,” says Dumont. “But if you don’t do that basic research, if you do not take risks, you will never lead in anything.”

His advice: industry and investors “should have continuous watch over what’s going on in academia.”

Industry should also feel free to approach academia with their own ideas, says University of Victoria engineering assistant

Private investors want a safe return on investment, but government investors are less risk-averse. That means great opportunities for BC engineers and geoscientists with ideas to pursue or challenges to overcome.


f e a t u r e s

Government funding programs (either direct or at arm’s length) for industrial R&D and innovation are focused in three areas:

• fundamental and applied research, where ideas are investigated for their viability, usually in a university setting;

• technology development and pre-commercial demonstration, where ideas that have moved beyond proof-of-concept are turned into concrete products and tested in real-world settings;

• the delivery of finished, proven products into the marketplace.

National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNational Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) is Canada’s largest funder of natural sciences and engineering discovery research. In addition to supporting graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, and funding discovery research at post-secondary institutions, NSERC encourages research partnerships between post-secondary institutions and industry.

Says Rick Warner, manager of NSERC’s Pacific office in Vancouver, “Technology transfer is a contact sport. Call us! We meet with well over 200 companies a year. We’re willing to sit down and hear what their technical problems are and figure out how we can help.”

NSERC offers a suite of interconnected programs that support short, medium, and long-term collaborations between university researchers and an industrial partner to address a company challenge.

National Research Council Industrial Research Assistance ProgramThe National Research Council Industrial Research Assistance Program (IRAP) offers direct technical assistance through a network of 255 industrial technology advisors (33 in BC and the Yukon) to small and medium-sized enterprises interested in developing or exploiting new technologies. Industrial technology advisors work with clients from concept to market, and link subject matter experts with other resources as required.

The program also provides different levels of support to help fund R&D or hire youth and new graduates.

Scientific Research and Experimental Development (SR&ED) Tax CreditThis program is a federal tax incentive program administered by the Canada Revenue Agency. Under it, Canadian

companies can earn an investment tax credit of 35 percent on the first $3 million (and 15 percent thereafter) in qualifying expenditures, including salaries, overhead, and materials.

Most provinces also offer a SR&ED tax credit. The BC SR&ED is a 10 percent refundable tax credit for private corporations located in the province. The provincial tax credit is calculated first, then the federal SR&ED credit is applied to the remainder of the claim. Startups not yet in a taxable position are eligible.

Projects must be aimed at resolving a technological challenge or uncertainty, must be systematically carried out by qualified personnel, and must result in technological advancement.

Canada Foundation for InnovationThe Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) is dedicated to improving the capacity of universities, colleges, and research hospitals to conduct world-class research, and to supporting private-sector innovation and commercialization. “We want researchers to work with Canadian companies and entrepreneurs to help them compete globally,” says CFI president and CEO Dr. Gilles Patry. “We fund research infrastructure in support of the full spectrum of research––from fundamental research to applied industry-focused research. It is important to understand that you can’t do world-class research without having access to state-of-the-art research facilities.”

CFI funding programs include the John R. Evans Leaders Fund, which, Patry says, is “designed to attract and retain the best researchers by providing them access to the equipment they need to get started on a good footing. To help companies link up with universities, the CFI also operates the CFI Research Facilities Navigator, a searchable directory of participating research labs and facilities across Canada that are open to working with business.

BC Knowledge Development FoundationThe BC Knowledge Development Foundation (BCKDF) partners with the CFI to support the development of research infrastructure at BC’s public post-secondary institutions, research hospitals and affiliated non-profit agencies.

High profile CFI/BCKDF projects include the TRIUMF subatomic physics lab at the University of British Columbia, and the University of Victoria’s undersea observatories, NEPTUNE and VENUS.

MitacsMitacs programs include Accelerate, which will share the costs of student research internships with the private partner (contributions start at $7,500 and are matched dollar-for-dollar; projects with three or more interns and six or more internships get better matching: partner contributions starting at $36,000 get $44,000 in Mitacs matching funds), and Elevate for more complex challenges. With Elevate, the partner provides $30,000 and Mitacs provides $25,000 per year for two years to cover the costs of a dedicated postdoctoral fellow.

Mitacs is jointly funded by federal and provincial governments, more than 60 universities across the country, and a range of research partners, such as Ocean Networks Canada and the BC Bioenergy Network.

Sustainable Development Technology Canada Sustainable Development Technology Canada (SDTC) works with entrepreneurs to fund cleantech projects, which it defines as “technologies that improve business performance while using resources more responsibly, and that reduce or eliminate negative environmental impact,” and coaches cleantech companies to help them move their products through development and pre-commercial demonstration. SDTC receives funding from the Government of Canada, but operates at arm’s length from it.

BC Innovation CouncilA BC Crown agency, BC Innovation Council (BCIC) supports technology startups and emerging entrepreneurs in such areas as cleantech, information and communication tech, bioenergy, and agritech by providing education and coaching in proven methods for developing promising ideas and achieving successful commercialization. One program, the BCIC - New Ventures Competition, offers startups a 10-week industry mentorship package and the chance to win cash and prizes to help them scale up their ideas.

Automotive Supplier Innovation ProgramThis program supports small and medium-sized businesses in the research and development of innovative products aimed at helping vehicle manufacturers meet new fuel efficiency, emission, and safety standards, and at addressing growing consumer interest in connected and automated vehicle technologies.

A Brief Guide to Government R&D and Innovation Grants and Tax Credits


professor Rishi Gupta, P.Eng. “We want industry to come to us and say ‘Hey, we have a problem. Can you help us?’”

Vancouver-based Minaean Construction Corp. did just that a few years ago when they approached Gupta who was teaching at BCIT at the time. “They were looking for their “own ‘secret recipe’ for light-weight concrete so they wouldn’t have to pay royalties to someone else outside of Canada anymore,” Gupta says. “We used a generic off-the-shelf chemical admixture and developed a cellular light-weight concrete mix that they now use with their system.”

Crucially, by working with university labs, companies like Minaean get to retain intellectual property rights over their ideas and the research completed for them under programs like NSERC’s Engage Grant.

Gupta’s current work at the University of Victoria’s Facility for Innovative Materials and Infrastructure Monitoring (FIMIM) includes the development of “smart” concrete that can heal and seal cracks.

“The industrial applications for Rishi’s work are endless,” says Alexandre Brolo, director of the university’s Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technology (CAMTEC), which, like FIMIM, owes its existence to infrastructure funding from the CFI and its BC counterpart, the BC Knowledge Development Foundation.

But better concrete is not the only new material under development in Victoria. “Four different kinds of labs–nano-fabrication, optical imaging, electron microscopy, and bio-molecular sampling–enable research at CAMTEC,” says Brolo, “and any company can use our labs. We’re open for anyone.”

Dragons and angels may have more glamour and better press, but government funding is really helping to fuel the growth of R&D and innovation in Canada right now. v

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Capturing vibration signatures of concrete test bridges as a part of CFI funded research at Dr. Rishi Gupta, P.Eng.'s Materials Lab UVic.

Canadian decision-makers have heard the point made so often, it has become clichéd: an aging population and post-industrial economy are driving the requirement to raise productivity. That spells research and development. Yet with tepid economic growth, changing political dynamics, and uncertain trade relationships, corporate leaders have rarely been so risk averse.

So how to reconcile these priorities? At least part of the answer could lie in recruiting government as a strategic partner in your activities.

Subsidies and incentives aren’t new policies enacted by the different tiers of government, and the sheer scale of funding available is sufficient to pique the interest of most executives seeking respite from the challenges they face in research and development.

Why, then, are so few companies taking full advantage of the opportunities? Broadly speaking, the business leaders we’ve interacted with have expressed their reticence either as exasperation with the complexity of navigating the tax credits, loans, and grants landscape and the manner in which these programs interact with one another, or as frustration with the poor returns they’ve received on the time invested in preparing applications.

Analysis of the strategies companies employ in selecting programs suggests a common theme threading across most ineffective attempts to access government programs—a lack of alignment between the R&D cycle and government priorities. If your method thus far has merely been to match up a list of activities with funding alternatives and submit a surfeit of applications, you

will likely need to retool your approach. The key to maximizing the amount and efficiency of government support is to target the right program at the right time. That, in turn, requires that you understand the strategy that animates how government provides research incentives.

Below, we describe two of the main categories of federal government R&D funding in Canada—tax credits and government grants. We also demonstrate how they generally apply at different stages of R&D, and profile the most commonly experienced effects of both product development and company development on tax credits and grants.

By comparing the typical development-process profile with the general financial-assistance profile, we believe organizations involved in R&D can more efficiently, effectively and strategically focus their efforts to gather R&D support.

Tax Credits If you’ve engaged in research for some time or are proactive in investigating every avenue of available support, you probably have at least a passing familiarity with tax credits in general and with the Canadian government’s Scientific Research & Experimental Development (SR&ED) program in particular. The granddaddy of all research tax credit programs, SR&ED doled out more than $3 billion in investment tax credits in support of industrial research and development to 22,839 claimants in 2016, making it by far the largest and most popular research financing program in


f e a t u r e s

Making Strategic Research and Development Financing Work By understanding development and funding profiles, companies can focus efforts to gather support for R&D.

Darius Garcha, P.Eng., CPA, and Laslo Cesar


Making Strategic Research and Development Financing Work By understanding development and funding profiles, companies can focus efforts to gather support for R&D.

Canada. Even after legislative changes introduced in 2012 reduced its disbursements by 14 percent, the program has easily preserved its status as the government’s most intensive R&D subsidy.

As the name implies, you apply for tax credits by reporting your eligible SR&ED expenditures on your T2 Corporation Income Tax Return and receive a federal Investment Tax Credit of between 15 percent (the general non-refundable rate) and 35 percent (the enhanced refundable rate), with the provinces kicking in another 10 to 30 percent. Eligibility is governed by the depth of the technological uncertainties your team faced and by the knowledge they had to develop outside the public domain—the greater the resources devoted to addressing technological limitations (successfully or otherwise), the greater the expenditures that fall within the ambit of SR&ED support.

The SR&ED is a retrospective program that is triggered by your fiscal year-end—you apply for a refund for activities already completed and expenditures already committed.

Yet despite years of experience filing SR&ED returns, many companies are still caught by surprise by the changing amount of tax credits to which they are entitled from one year to the next. Expenditures may increase while tax credits stagnate or even decrease. What explains the discrepancy?

How SR&ED WorksTo resolve the confusion, let’s explore the principle of the expenditure limit. Assuming your organization is a Canadian controlled private corporation (CCPC)—that is, at least 50 percent of company shares are owned by Canadian individuals or other CCPCs—the extent of the tax credit that can be applied against your eligible expenditures shifts with the changing fortunes of your company. The expenditure limit defines the envelope within which you have access to the enhanced refundable tax credit of 35 percent and is bounded by the total taxable income and total taxable capital of the associated group of companies in the previous tax year (Figure 1). If both the taxable income is below $500,000 and the taxable capital is below $10 million, you are entitled to the 35 percent enhanced credit against eligible expenditures up to a limit of $3 million, beyond which you receive the 15 percent general credit on the excess. If either the taxable income exceeds $800,000 or the

taxable capital exceeds $50 million, the expenditure limit drops to $0, you lose all access to the 35 percent enhanced credit, and all eligible expenditures are entitled to only the 15 percent general credit. If your taxable income and taxable capital fall between these thresholds, your expenditure limit will fall between $0 and $3 million.

For example, you spend $900,000 of eligible expenditures on SR&ED activities and your associated group of companies realized $650,000 in taxable income and $30 million in taxable capital in the previous tax year. As per Figure 1, your expenditure limit is $750,000, meaning you receive the 35 percent enhanced credit against the first $750,000 of your $900,000 of eligible expenditures and 15 percent against the remaining $150,000—for a total tax credit of $285,000.

So what conclusions can be inferred from the discussion thus far? First, all CCPCs, regardless of their size or success, are entitled to apply for and receive substantial tax credit support for their qualifying SR&ED work. Even if the higher tax credit rate favours smaller, less profitable companies, the program remains extremely lucrative for large, established organizations, many of whom are part of the 10 percent of claimants that historically capture more than 50 percent of the tax credits each year.

Second, tax credit eligibility is strongly influenced by the stage of product development. In the early to middle stages, technological challenges are numerous and expand the scope of eligible expenditures. As development proceeds towards marketable products, uncertainties are resolved and the extent of eligible activities falls away.

Third, tax credit efficiency is influenced by the stage of company development. Organizations with a history of successful product launches normally exhibit taxable incomes that breach expenditure limit thresholds, thereby reducing the share of expenditures that receive federal Investment Tax Credit support at the enhanced rate.

Four, there are always exceptions to the rules. Technology companies that fail to entrench a culture of continuous development find they have few, if any, SR&ED expenditures. Early-stage development may include a large proportion of routine engineering with negligible technological uncertainty and SR&ED eligibility. And mature companies operating in highly competitive industries may realize only marginal profitability that preserves

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their access to the enhanced Investment Tax Credit rate. These exceptions, however, are atypical of most organizations.

Government AssistanceGovernments also provide financial assistance for R&D. Funding can take one of two forms—either repayable assistance (loans) or non-repayable assistance (grants). Loans are a large, broad category with many exceptions that we cannot adequately cover here. Grants, on the other hand, tend to fall within five broad categories: Research and Development, Hiring and Training, Business Development, Capital Expenditures, and Green Initiatives.

You might think that similar eligibility criteria apply to the R&D category of grants as apply to tax credits. However, the grants regime differs significantly from that of tax credits.

Grants are generally forward-facing programs intended to support expenditures you anticipate making in the future. The length and extent of support varies, but most grants support activities within the next 12 to 18 months and fund up to 50 percent of eligible activities on a $1-to-$1 matching basis. Each grant is allotted a finite amount of funding each year, and if the cash runs out prior to the agency receiving your application, you will generally need to wait for the next intake. The reporting requirements are also fairly stringent: if your application is successful, you will be required to submit actual expenditures against a fixed amount of support that is pre-approved by the government.

Tax Credits vs Government GrantsThe primary differentiator between R&D grants and R&D tax credits is the timing of the affiliated R&D activities and its impact on the government’s motivation to extend support. Tax credits are detached from the success or failure of your development efforts and are oriented instead towards supporting the development of new technological knowledge in your organization. The activities have already occurred, the details of your eligibility are readily auditable, and the Canada Revenue Agency decides, after receiving your tax submission, whether or not to test the strength of your claim.

Grants, on the other hand, are intimately tied to the success of your development efforts and are oriented towards the development of products and processes that will benefit the country and your local community. The activities have yet to occur, the funding agency assumes risk in regards to the direction and progress of your R&D, and support is contingent upon convincing the agency that there is merit and viability in your technology. Funding agencies, in fact, behave like any other risk-averse investors when considering your pitch for access to public grant money. The further down the development pipeline your technology has traveled, the more likely the public will see a return on their investment, and the easier it will be to convince funding agencies to provide you with support.

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How Development and Funding Programs InteractHow best to determine where your projects fit on the development profile? The most widely accepted method is the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) scale (Figure 2). Developed by NASA in the 1970s, the TRL scale provides a common touchpoint for tracking the progress of new technologies from concept to deployment. Generally speaking, the lower down the scale your development resides, the greater your technological uncertainties, the greater your feasibility risk, and the greater your emphasis should be on tax credits over grants.

Conversely, the higher up the scale your development progresses, the fewer the technological uncertainties that remain, the closer to commercialization your technology is moving, and the more you should emphasize grants over tax credits. As shown in Figure 3, a general rule of thumb would be to consider TRL levels 1 to 3 to be primarily tax credit driven, levels 7 to 9 primarily grant driven, and levels 4 to 6 a blend of the two.

An accurate assessment of your technology’s positioning on the TRL scale, therefore, is key to discerning where the balance of your expectations should be.

It’s important to emphasize that our analysis to this point has focused specifically on R&D grant and tax credit support at the project level. Clearly, the success of your R&D endeavours will propel growth at the organizational level and that, in turn, will unlock further financing opportunities.

Figure 4 (page 37) depicts the evolution of the funding profile mined from the data of more than 2,000 nationwide government funding programs. The horizontal ordinate tracks the evolution of the business from concept to maturity while the vertical ordinate measures the percentage of expenditures that are eligible for some combination of grant, loan, and tax credit reimbursement.

It is important to recognize that three implicit relationships are communicated through the trendlines. Taken together, these three relationships establish the funding profile at each stage of a company’s expansion:

1. The amount of tax credits is directly related to the amount of eligible expenditures.

2. The degree of business risk is inversely related to the amount of sales.

3. The amount of grant support is inversely related to the degree of business risk.

Support at the Concept PhaseInvestigating the left hand side of Figure 4, we observe low expenditures and negligible sales at the concept phase of a newly formed company (in this example, a CCPC). The marginal degree of expenses results in an insignificant amount of tax credits despite a generally high degree of eligibility. The lack of sales at this phase identifies the company as a high-risk prospect, prompting funding agencies to mitigate their risk by restricting access to the larger government assistance programs. Stake-free seed money is scarce in this phase, although some reasonable repayable and non-repayable financing can be found in sectors identified as priorities by government.

continues on Page 35...

Actual application of the technology in its final form and under real-life conditions, such as those encountered in operational tests and evaluations. Activities include using the innovation under operational conditions.

Actual technology proven through

successful deployment in an

operational setting

Technology has been proven to work in its final form and under expected conditions. Activities include developmental testing and evaluation of whether it will meet operational requirements.

Actual technology completed and

qualified through tests and

demonstrations

Prototype at planned operational level and is ready for demonstration in an operational environment. Activities include prototype field testing.

Prototype ready for demonstration in an

appropriate operational

environment

A model or prototype that represents a near desired configuration. Activities include testing in a simulated operational environment or laboratory.

System/subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a

simulated environment

The basic technological components are integrated for testing in a simulated environment. Activities include laboratory integration of components.

Component and/or validation in a

simulated environment

Basic technological components are integrated to establish that they will work together. Activities include integration of “ad hoc” hardware in the laboratory.

Component and/or validation in a

laboratory environment

Active research and development is initiated. This includes analytical studies and/or laboratory studies. Activities might include components that are not yet integrated or representative.

Analytical and experimental critical function and/or proof

of concept

Invention begins. Once basic principles are observed, practical applications can be invented. Activities are limited to analytic studies.

Technology concept and/or application

formulated

Scientific research begins to be translated into applied research and development. Activities might include paper studies of a technology’s basic properties.

Basic principles of concept observed and

reported

Level of Readiness Description of Level

Pre

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aliz

atio

n G

apB

uild

in C

anad

a In

nova

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n P

rog

ram

FIGURE 2: TECHNOLOGY READINESS LEVEL

Tim

e

Figure 3

Technology maturity

TRL 9: Actual system proven in successful end use operations

TRL 8: Actual system completed and qualified in test and demo

TRL 7: System prototype demo in operational environment

TRL 6: Field demo of subsystem model/prototype

TRL 5: Field validation or component or breadboard

TRL 4: Laboratory validation of component or breadboard

TRL 3: Proof of concept or key analytical characteristic

TRL 2: Technology concept or application formulated

TRL 1: Basic principles observed and reported

Grant/Loans funding intensity

Tax credit funding


f e a t u r e s



APEGBC engineers and geoscientists are helping communities in British Columbia prepare for hazardous flood events. Armed with new guidelines, professionals are optimizing the most current information and technologies available—including climate change projections—to map flood hazards, assess risks, and communicate them to communities.

By Kylie Williams

toP: Flood damage in northeastern BC. Photo credit: bc ministry of transPortation and infrastructure, cc by nc-nd.

bottom left: Severe floods such as this one trapping a car in 2009 have become the “new normal” for many BC communities. Photo credit: cowichan valley regional district

bottom right: Dike construction underway to protect communities from flooding. Photo credit: cowichan valley regional district


In May 2017 APEGBC released the professional practice guidelines, Flood Mapping in BC. The guidelines provide clear direction for APEGBC members who prepare flood maps for rivers, creeks, and coastal areas around the province. The document describes data requirements and input, appropriate use and interpretation of data and flood modelling, and typical hazard assessment methods. In addition, it recommends including a combination of outputs from different climate and environmental simulations in flood maps.

The timing of the release coincided with major flooding events around the province. Spring 2017 saw BC residents filling sandbags and evacuating homes as warmer weather melted thick snowpacks, and bursts of heavy rain caused rivers and lakes to swell and overtop their banks. As a result, homes were flooded, roads, bridges, and highways were washed out or closed, drinking water supplies were put at risk, and sadly, several people lost their lives.

Global becomes localSevere floods have become the “new normal” for many communities around BC, explains Kate Miller, manager of Environmental Services for the Cowichan Valley Regional District (CVRD). “Historically, ‘normal’ would involve wearing rubber boots or your basement filling up with water. Now, we settle our communities very differently and the impact of flooding on infrastructure is very different,” says Miller.

Miller is responsible for protecting water resources, responding to climate change, and working with partners to protect environmental resources in the CVRD, one of 27 regional districts in BC. The 3,470-square kilometre district stretches from the east coast to the west coast across southern Vancouver Island. Forestry is the major industry in the area, with fisheries along the coasts and rivers. Tourists flock to the area in summer, and it is a popular area for retirees to settle. More than 80,000 residents call the Cowichan Valley home, and all are seeing the real effects of climate change first-hand.

“We’re starting to see more fire-prone communities,” says Miller. “We’re seeing a shift in ecology, particularly after the last series of droughts, putting stress on the

forests and ecosystems, and impacts on the fisheries and agricultural community. Last year, crops were coming into season three weeks ahead of schedule, and this year, we’re much further behind.”

Rivers that flood during spring in the CVRD, says Miller, are also too dry in late summer for fish to move up the system. Global climate change symptoms that once seemed theoretical and far away are now being seen and felt at the municipal, community, and individual home scale.

Responding to a changing climateIn late 2016, APEGBC shared its position paper, Human-Induced Climate Change, acknowledging the compelling evidence that human activities, particularly those that emit greenhouse gases, are contributing to global climate change. Mean annual temperatures across the province will, on average, be 1.4°C to 3.7°C higher by the mid-2050s. Warmer summer and winter temperatures will increase the risk of flooding, forest fires and air pollution events, and threaten supplies of fresh water throughout western North America.

“Floods are the most common natural disaster in BC,” says Markus Schnorbus, lead hydrologist at Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium (PCIC) in Victoria. “As rainfall becomes more extreme, flooding will become more of an issue for smaller basins and urbanized catchments.”

In addition to increasing the frequency and intensity of severe rainstorms and snowmelt rates, climate change will increase the likelihood of flooding around the province as insect infestations and forest fires reduce slope stability, and higher storm surges in combination with sea level rise cause increased flooding and erosion in low-lying coastal areas. Overall, climate change will result in greater areas being vulnerable to flooding, endangering more lives, homes and businesses, and costing residents and the province billions of dollars.

The cost of flood damageIn 2013, unusually intense rainfall that fell over a few days in southwestern Alberta coincided with the annual snowmelt time in the mountain headwaters west of Calgary and already rain-saturated ground. The resulting flood crippled the city, causing up

to $6 billion in insured losses and damaging buildings and infrastructure that may take decades to fully repair. If a similar disaster were to occur in southwestern BC’s densely-populated Fraser Valley, with its pipelines, farmland, industry, and diverse major transportation infrastructure, losses would exceed tens of billions of dollars.

Matthias Jakob, P.Geo., principal geoscientist at BGC Engineering Inc. and a contributor to the new flood guidelines, arrived at this number in a study he and his colleagues published in 2014. It was the first flood-risk assessment for the City of Chilliwack, located 80 kilometres upstream from Vancouver on the Fraser River. The research team assessed the direct and indirect economic losses for three hypothetical scenarios for 100, 500, and 1,000 flood return periods. Flood return periods are estimates of how often a flood event will occur.

A mega-flood “would cripple the BC economy,” Jakob says. He points out that the key difference between this and previous studies is that the 2014 project used a hazard-based approach rather than a risk-based approach. The magnitude of loss and the full consequences of a major flood event are not fully analyzed in current methods, he says, and these risks are not properly communicated to governments and the public.

Also, these scenarios do not include cultural losses, such as the destruction of ancient graveyards or cultural sites, emotional costs such as the resulting human grief, suffering and stress, or the value of lost habitat or lost species diversity.

A more recent 2016 study by the Fraser Basin Council corroborates the earlier estimates. According to the council’s Lower Mainland Flood Management Strategy, Phase 1 report, a 1-in-500-year large-magnitude flood in BC’s Lower Mainland region would trigger losses as high as $33 billion.

“Every hydro-climate has its own responses to climate change,” says Jakob. “One cannot generalize and say, ‘in British Columbia, climate change will make things worse everywhere.’”

What can we do?To protect communities and


f e a t u r e s

infrastructure in areas vulnerable to flooding now, and those identified to become vulnerable in the future due to climate change, BC needs a coordinated approach. For professional engineers and geoscientists, this means following APEGBC’s recently-released guidelines to align flood mapping efforts across regional and municipal boundaries. Integrating projected future climate conditions, like the data, models, and simulations generated by the PCIC, will produce more robust and reliable flood maps for the Province to base infrastructure decisions on.

But it will take more than a coordination between professional flood practitioners.

Community buy-in essentialFlood hazard mapping projects around the province require a coordinated effort between professional engineers and geoscientists, all levels of government, industry, NGOs, First Nations, and local communities. Thankfully, BC communities are becoming increasingly aware that hazard mapping is needed as the symptoms of climate change become more apparent at home. A groundswell of support from local citizens living on flood plains and in flood-prone areas leads to increased requests for funding from provincial and federal governments.

The CVRD successfully completed the Lower Cowichan/Koksilah River Integrated Flood Management Plan between 2004 and 2008 with cooperation from a range of diverse stakeholders. Although there are multiple flood plains in the region, many of the community leaders at the time didn’t realize how much they were under threat by flooding.

“The partnership involved the Cowichan Tribes, the CVRD, the Department of Fisheries and the Province, with a very active dialogue between the groups,” says Miller. “We asked ourselves, ‘how do we look at natural function, and how do we put that into a three-dimensional framework that allows us to apply some engineering to it, recognizing that we have hard engineering or natural infrastructure, and how do we play with those in a trade-off analysis?’”

The group elected to conduct a LIDAR survey, an airborne remote sensing method that uses laser light pulses to generate a 3D image of the Earth’s surface. At the time, it was a relatively new option for flood mapping, but is used more commonly today.

“The LIDAR allowed us to capture really high-resolution 3D information that we could put into gaming software,” says Miller, “We could play with it. If we build a dyke here, where does the water go? It allows

communities to look at the entire system at very high level and to play with trade-offs.”

Being able to easily engage with and understand flood maps means that community members are more likely to see their importance, and support future mapping efforts.

Planning aheadAPEGBC’s new flood mapping guidelines were developed with the support of the BC Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure – Emergency Management BC. The authors and reviewers consist of members and other stakeholders from across a range of related disciplines and organizations, including hydrotechnical, geohazard and risk assessment consultants, municipal and provincial engineers, and representatives from the BC Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure, the BC Real Estate Association and the Insurance Bureau of Canada.

Climate change is no longer a prediction to be dealt with in the future. The complex impact warmer temperatures will have on communities, industry, transportation and development is real, and every land use decision made in British Columbia must now consider the warmer temperatures expected and the weather and climate changes they bring. v

Matthias Jakob’s Advice to Young Geoscientists and Engineers: Go Beyond the ScienceToday, Dr. Matthias Jakob, P.Geo., is considered a world-leading expert in debris flow hazard and risk analysis, but it was a love of the outdoors that first drew him to the physical sciences. As a student at the University of Regensburg in Germany, he considered meteorology, hydrology and geology before choosing to combine all three and study physical geography. In 1989, he received a Fulbright scholarship to study geomorphology at the University of Colorado in Boulder, Colorado, a mecca for outdoor enthusiasts, athletes, and academics alike.

Jakob met Professor Mike Bovis, on sabbatical from the University of British Columbia at the time, while in Boulder. After returning to Germany to complete a Masters on rock glaciers in the Nepalese Himalayas, Jakob and Bovis re-connected, and Jakob moved to Canada in 1992 to complete a PhD in debris flow at UBC’s Geography Department with a four-year scholarship from the German Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz Foundation.

“I had no real intentions to stay in Vancouver at the time,” says Matthias. “But when I was finished, the forest practice code required many geomorphologists with hillslope process knowledge, and that led to a job in Vancouver with EBA Engineering Consultants.”

After four years with EBA, Matthias returned to UBC as a Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Earth and Ocean Science Department where he developed a rockfall hazard rating for Canadian Pacific Railways. Matthias then worked for four fruitful years with Kerr Wood Leidal Associates, a water resource company in North Vancouver, before BGC Engineering Inc. (Canada) “kidnapped” him to join their team 13 years ago. As principal geoscientist at BGC, Jakob is still a

passionate outdoorsman, and admits he insists on fieldwork as the younger generation are just as keen to work outdoors.

Matthias is actively helping younger engineers and geoscientists prepare for their roles in the “real world.” As an adjunct professor at the Earth and Ocean Science Department, Matthias, together with professors, is now is working on a course that focuses on the so-called ‘soft skills’ alongside the technical skills they are learning.

Science communication with the public would be in there, he explains, along with memo and report writing, budgeting, team selection, schedule control, and other consulting skills. By working in small groups on applied case studies, fourth-year students would gain experience managing a team, budgeting and contract negotiations, client-management, adhering to deadlines, and how to deliver good and bad news.

“We will include lessons from projects that went awry,” he says. “If you think that’s boring or you’ll never need that, think again! These auxiliary skills are vital.”

Jakob also encourages engineers and geoscientists to learn about other topics they are interested in, even if they seem peripherical to their core skill sets. He lists sensors, drones, new programming languages, advanced statistics, and data management techniques as examples, but also social skills such as networking and communication.

“It’s those people with a broad and diverse portfolio and other interests that we like hiring,” Jakob says, “not the people doing the absolute minimum that they have to do, even if they have good grades.”P

RO

FIL

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ins ight

Claims-Made vs Occurrence-Based CoverageWhy Does the Difference Matter?

Benjamin Kent, B.A., CIP

While most general liability policies are written on an occurrence form, professional liability policies are always written on a Claims Made form. Recently, it has become clear to me that many professionals do not understand the difference and, based on my experience, this is something every professional needs to understand due to the very serious coverage issues it can lead to.

So what is the difference?

Occurrence CoverageMost general liability policies are written on occurrence forms. They cover claims or suits seeking damages for bodily injury or property damage caused by an occurrence said to have been a result of the insured.

The unique part of the occurrence form is that the insurance policy in place when the claim was said to have occurred will respond. In our example, if the insured had their general liability coverage with Insurer A in 2005 (when the claim was said to have occurred), but now in 2015 is currently insured with Insurer B, Insurer A would still be responsible for defending the insured in the action.

The primary advantage of occurrence policies is that they cover claims that arise after the policy has expired and will continue to do so indefinitely.

Claims-Made CoverageA claims-made policy, as the name would suggest, provides coverage when the claim is made. In the previous example, the insured had coverage with Insurer A in

2005, when the claim was said to have occurred. In the current year—2015—they have switched carriers and gone with Insurer B. It is now the responsibility of Insurer B to pick up all past liabilities subject to the applicable retroactive date. If the policy is cancelled or lapsed, no coverage could be afforded (depending on the particular policy).

Occurrence coverage and claims-made coverage provide two different types of insurance coverage that every professional needs to understand. v

For more information, contact:Ben Kent B.A.CIP, Client Executive Marsh Canada Limited - Vancouver Direct 604.692.4838 Mobile 778.228.6709 Email: [email protected] is one of the Marsh & McLennan Companies, together with Guy Carpenter, Mercer, and Oliver Wyman. Copyright © 2017 Marsh Inc. All rights reserved.

The opinions contained in this article are those of Marsh and not necessarily those of APEGBC. This article is not intended to be taken as advice regarding any individual situation and should not be relied upon as such. Any statements concerning actuarial, tax, accounting, or legal matters are based solely on Marsh’s experience as insurance brokers and risk consultants and are not to be relied upon as actuarial, accounting, tax, or legal advice, for which you should consult your own professional advisors.


communi t y

Science Spotlights at Local Libraries: Volunteers NeededAPEGBC has partnered with three regional libraries to spotlight engineering and geoscience as a part of Science Literacy Week, which runs September 18 to 24, 2017, and includes activities highlighting the different types of science and science-career opportunities. In the coming months, APEGBC will be arranging visits at libraries in the Fraser Valley, Okanagan and Greater Victoria regions.

To support this outreach initiative, APEGBC is looking for engineers and geoscientists living or working in or near the following cities to sign up as Career Awareness Volunteers:

At the Science Literacy Week visits, volunteer engineers and geoscientists will talk to students about the professions, what they do, and why engineering and geoscience are such important careers. The presentations will also include hands-on activities that allow students to explore engineering and earth science firsthand.

To volunteer, visit apeg.bc.ca/For-Members/Volunteers. For information, contact APEGBC Communications Officer Chelsea Smith at [email protected].

• West Kelowna• Vernon

• Victoria• Oyama

• Revelstoke• Chilliwack

• Hope• Agassiz

Greater Vancouver Regional Science FairThe annual Greater Vancouver Regional Science Fair (GVRSF) offers more than 300 students in grades 7 to 12 the opportunity to showcase their original scientific research or innovation projects to their peers, university students and professors, parents, industry experts, and more. APEGBC sponsors awards for outstanding engineering projects in the fields of chemical, civil, electrical, environmental, industrial, and mechanical engineering as well as systems design. Dr. Hamid Ghanbari, P.Eng., has represented the association on the GVRSF organizing committee since 2013.

Kate Zraly and Madeleine Quong-Lee were the APEGBC Award Winners in the Junior Division for their Recycling Robot. Kate and Madeleine created a software program that takes the guesswork out of deciding which recycling bin to use or whether the object it destined for garbage. Created on a Raspberry Pi mini computer, the recycling robot is a proof of concept that its creators believe can be used in the future for a real world application.

Jonathan Cao was the APEGBC Award Winner in the Intermediate Division for his Reduce, Reuse, reCompass project. Jonathan developed a prototype to enable single-use Compass tickets used on the Metro Vancouver transit system to be recycled by removing the embedded electronics and separating them from the paper. Although reCompass requires many more prototyping iterations to prove out the design, Jonathan believes the concept is applicable for BC Transit and potentially transit systems around the world.

Christopher Halim was presented with the APEGBC Trophy as well as the APEGBC Award in the Senior Division from Dr. Hamid Ghanbari, P.Eng. Christopher designed a motorized cable sweeper to decrease the chance of “ice bombs” falling onto motorists using the Port Mann Bridge. The motorized cable sweeper would be put into use at the start of snowfalls to consistently run over the cables, preventing buildup of snow and ice. The sweeper wraps around the cable and then is locked in place, and runs on motor that recharges the batteries as it travels back down the cable. To prevent the sweeper wheels from freezing up, a cone with a circular brush attached on either end prevents snow from entering inside the cable sweeper.


Oyen Wiggs Green & Mutala LLPINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAWYERS

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PROTECTING INNOVATION

YOU’RE building THE FUTURE.We’re here to help.

Sharing Knowledge and ExpertiseMember-Created Online Resource Fosters Info-sharing

Dr. Martin Fandrich, P.Eng.

Today’s engineers, especially the younger generation, are more mobile than in previous eras when it was more likely that a professional would stay with the same company for many years. While this increase in the range of working experiences has benefits, it has the disadvantage that on-the-job learning is more piecemeal and disordered. Knowledge is not being cohesively transferred from old to young. While senior engineers may mentor juniors when they are both in the same company, the engineering and geoscience community as a whole is not being served as well as it might be. How can we prevent knowledge gained from years of experience from being lost? How can we disseminate this know-how more effectively?

When faced with an engineering question, new and old engineers alike search resources available to them, including online. For most resources, it is difficult to find precise context or ask for clarification of an approach. In many cases, relevant or applicable data cannot be found at all. Some sources such as social networks or forums purport to provide the means for giving answers to specific questions. However, despite being universally available, these sources have their drawbacks, including, significantly, the difficulty of ascertaining the credibility of unknown respondents or data. Don’t believe everything you read on the Internet.

To counter this drawback, AnswersbyEngineers.com was founded by APEGBC member Arash Khezerlou, P.Eng., as a pre-vetted online community. Whilst engineers- and geoscientists-in-training and senior undergraduate students may sign up as members, members identified as “contributors” must identify their credentials and are required to have several years of working experience. Because this community was founded in BC, a Canadian P.Eng. or P.Geo. designation has been taken as the standard of competence that contributors must meet. The website does not investigate competencies itself, but ensures that those claiming to be engineers or geoscientists are professionally registered.

When members face technical difficulties, unusual projects, or professional or career development issues, they can post their questions and have a basic level of confidence in the approaches posted as responses by contributors. In some cases, the question is primarily a matter of seeking confirmation that a particular technical approach is a reasonable way for an experienced engineer to approach the problem. As a wave of engineers and geoscientists retire, this will be a valuable resource for the profession for maintaining the knowledge of their experienced members. The goal is that non-proprietary knowledge will not be trapped with an individual or within a company, but will be available to the engineering and geoscience community as a whole.

Website founder Khezerlou conceived the idea from his own work experience in small companies. He had limited access to engineers to whom he could talk about industry norms and his personal career path.

“I was able to find theory in textbooks, for example,” he says, “but didn’t feel comfortable implementing it without guidance. Also, textbooks often don’t cover how engineers work in practice. Engineering tools are developing quickly and a credible, easily accessible, growing, and up-to-date resource was very much needed.”

Although AnswersbyEngineers.com was initially established for engineers moving from company to company, it has also been found to be useful for engineers remaining within large companies.

Furthermore, the most active contributors are not near retirement age as originally predicted, but have been found to be those with 10 to 15 years of experience.

Even though Khezerlou thinks that some questions are still more appropriate for personal interaction, he feels that this resource will make a greater depth of knowledge available. “Any personal network will be smaller than this community. We want the whole engineering and geoscience community to benefit.” v

Dr. Martin Fandrich, P.Eng., is principal consultant with Bannerman Consultants Inc. With more than 17 years of experience as a professional, he is active in several technical engineering societies and as an occasional university guest lecturer. He is a member of the AnswersbyEngineers.com board of advisors.

AnswersByEngineers.com is an independent member-created resource. Neither the information provided on AnswersByEngineers.com nor publication of this article constitute endorsement by APEGBC.

APEGBC encourages all those who work in engineering and geoscience field who have questions about their professional practice to consult an APEGBC practice advisor, at [email protected], and to be familiar with the association’s professional practice and quality management guidelines, at apeg.bc.ca/guidelines.

discip l ine and enforcement


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YEARS1977-2017

Enforcement Action Taken by Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia against Yogeshchandra Ramamlal NathawadOn January 18, 2017, the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia (APEGBC) commenced an action in the Supreme Court of British Columbia against Yogeshchandra Ramamlal Nathawad. In the action, APEGBC alleges that he engaged in an unauthorized practice of professional engineering by providing geotechnical engineering advice for the placement of a large capacity crane, and that in doing so he breached section 22 of the Engineers and Geoscientists Act, as well as his prior written undertaking to APEGBC that he would refrain from the unauthorized practice of professional engineering.

On February 10, 2017, Mr. Nathawad filed a Response to Civil Claim disputing the allegations.

On March 30, 2017, on the application of APEGBC and with the consent of Mr. Nathawad, the Court granted an interim injunction against him. Under the terms of the interim injunction, Mr. Nathawad is prohibited and enjoined from engaging in the practice of professional engineering and acting in any manner that leads any person to believe that he is a professional engineer, or that he is ready or entitled to engage in the practice of professional engineering.

The full text of the Consent Order agreed to by Mr. Nathawad can be found online at apeg.bc.ca/Disciplinary-Actions.

Disciplinary Notice: Pershing Jardenico Balayo, Richmond, BCA Notice of Inquiry was issued to Pershing Jardenico Balayo regarding his structural engineering services. In lieu of proceeding to a disciplinary inquiry, Mr. Balayo agreed to a Consent Order dated April 5, 2017. By way of the Consent Order, Mr. Balayo admitted that he demonstrated unprofessional conduct and contravened section 20(9) of the Engineers and Geoscientists Act, R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 116, by providing a written assurance through a sealed Schedule B and Schedule C-B for rooftop guardrails for which Mr. Balayo had not prepared the design and had not conducted field reviews.

Mr. Balayo was previously the subject of discipline in 1995 and 1998.As part of the Consent Order, Mr. Balayo agreed to the following:

1. Mr. Balayo’s membership in APEGBC is cancelled effective July 1, 2017 (the “Date of Cancellation”).

2. During the period from the date of the execution of the Consent Order to the Date of Cancellation, Mr. Balayo will:a. make reasonable arrangements for the orderly transfer of

his ongoing professional engineering project files to other professional engineers;

b. limit his practice to those project files that he is currently engaged on and not take on any new project files or other engineering work; and

c. refrain from executing Schedule B and C-B Letters of Assurance under the British Columbia Building Code unless the execution of such Letters of Assurance by Mr. Balayo is peer reviewed in accordance with APEGBC’s Discipline Committee Ordered Peer Review Policy.

Any peer reviewer performing the peer review referred to in condition 2c above must be approved in advance in writing by the APEGBC Registrar.

1. Mr. Balayo shall pay a fine in the amount of $7,500 to APEGBC within 60 days.

2. Mr. Balayo shall pay $1,500 towards APEGBC’s investigation and inquiry costs within 60 days.

The full text of the Consent Order agreed to by Mr. Balayo can be found online at apeg.bc.ca/Disciplinary-Actions.

Disciplinary Notice: Seyed Mahdi Beheshtian, P.Eng., Vancouver, BCA Notice of Inquiry was issued to Seyed Mahdi Beheshtian regarding email correspondence Mr. Beheshtian sent to another engineer containing unprofessional and derogatory remarks directed at that engineer. Mr. Beheshtian also posted two reviews of the other engineer’s work on the HomeStars website, which included public statements to the effect that the

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other engineer was fraudulent, untrustworthy and unethical, in circumstances in which Mr. Beheshtian knew or ought to have known that Mr. Beheshtian did not have justification in making those statements. Mr. Beheshtian willfully intended to cause harm to the other engineer’s professional reputation and business in expressly refusing to retract the statements made on the HomeStars website. In lieu of proceeding to a disciplinary hearing, Mr. Beheshtian agreed to a Consent Order dated May 12, 2017. As part of the Consent Order, Mr. Beheshtian agreed that he must:

1. pay a fine in the amount of $7,000 within 60 days;2. successfully complete an anger management workshop

offered by a counselling service provider by October 31, 2017; and

3. pay costs in the amount of $3,000 towards APEGBC’s investigation and inquiry costs within 60 days.

The full text of the Consent Order agreed to by Mr. Beheshtian can be found online at apeg.bc.ca/Disciplinary-Actions.

Disciplinary Notice: Victor Proctor, P.Eng., Victoria, BCTwo Notices of Inquiry were issued to Victor Proctor regarding his design of glass guards on two projects. In lieu of proceeding to a disciplinary inquiry on both matters, Mr. Proctor agreed to a Consent Order dated April 5, 2017. In the Consent Order, Mr. Proctor admitted that he demonstrated unprofessional conduct, incompetence, or negligence by sealing drawings for a guard rail design on the first project that were materially incomplete and contained structural deficiencies. On the second project, Mr. Proctor further admitted that he failed to include critical design detail information on shop drawings that he prepared for a guard rail assembly and failed to perform critical design calculations and design checks. Mr. Proctor further admitted to demonstrating unprofessional conduct by affixing his seal to a Letter of Assurance for his client and a Schedule B and Schedule C-B for the guard rail assembly on the second project. As part of the Consent Order, Mr. Proctor agreed to:

1. a two-month suspension commenc-ing May 15, 2017;

2. a condition that he not perform structural engineering work;

3. pay a fine in the amount of $5,000; 4. pay costs in the amount of $10,000

towards APEGBC’s investigation and inquiry costs; and

5. complete and pass APEGBC’s Profes-sional Engineering and Geoscience Practice in BC Online Seminar and examination by July 15, 2017.

If, prior to the expiry of the suspension, Mr. Proctor fails to pay the fine or the costs, the suspension shall be extended and continue until such time as Mr. Proctor pays each.

The full text of the Consent Order agreed to by Mr. Proctor can be found online at apeg.bc.ca/Disciplinary-Actions.

Disciplinary Notice: Patrick Anthony Triggs, Victoria, BCTwo Notices of Inquiry were issued to Patrick Anthony Triggs relating to two separate matters. The first matter was a referral from APEGBC’s Practice Review Committee related to Mr. Triggs’ structural and geotechnical engineering and the second matter related to a complaint APEGBC received from a client of Mr. Triggs regarding his conduct towards her. In lieu of proceeding to a disciplinary inquiry, Mr. Triggs agreed to a Consent Order dated April 13, 2017, resolving both matters. In the Consent Order, Mr. Triggs admitted that on two structural projects in Kamloops, BC, he failed to set out adequate detail in his design and failed to arrange to have his design independently reviewed. Mr. Triggs further admitted that on four geotechnical projects in Kamloops, BC, he failed to do field reviews during construction. Lastly, Mr. Triggs admitted to breaching principle 7 of APEGBC’s Code of Ethics, by failing to respond to a client during the period from August 2015 to November 2016.

As part of the Consent Order, Mr. Triggs agreed to:1. the cancellation of his membership effective May 1, 2017;

and2. pay costs in the amount of $7,000 towards APEGBC’s in-

vestigation and inquiry costs. The full text of the Consent Order agreed to by Mr. Triggs can be found online at apeg.bc.ca/Disciplinary-Actions.

Visit apeg.bc.ca/For-Members/Complaints for information on APEGBC’s complaint, investigation and discipline process. You can contact us at 604.412.4869 or toll-free at 1.888.430.8035 ext. 4869 or by email at [email protected].


APEG FOUNDATION

PLATINUM ($10,000 - $24,999)BC HydroR.H. Currie, P.Eng.

SILVER ($1,000 - $4,999)D.A. Belfiglio, P.Eng. CDM Smith CanadaR. Castro, P.Eng.S.R. Cowdell, P.Eng.M.A. Faris, P.EngJ.H. Holm, P.Eng., FEC, FGC

(Hon.)K. Laloge CPA, CA, TEPJ. Leech, AScT, CAEL. Mah, P.Eng., FECR.S. Ng, P.Eng.E A. Portfors, P.Eng., FEC T.M. Smith, P.Geo., Eng.L.,

FGC

BRONZE ($100 - $999)R.R. Affleck, P.Eng., FEC, FGC

(Hon.)B. Ainsworth, P.Eng.N.G. Anderson, P.Eng. C.J.E. Andrewes, P.Eng.J.T. Armstrong, P.Eng.E.A. Auer, EIT M.B. Bapty, P.Eng., FEC, FGC

(Hon.)D.J. Barnes, P.Eng. M.K. Basso, P.Eng. A.J. Beattie, P.Eng.G.D. Belik, P.Geo. C.K. Benner, P.Eng. J.R. Besant, P.Eng. H.E. Biederstadt, P.Eng. C.W. Bildstein, P.Eng. A. Biner, P.Eng.A.J. Blackery, P.Eng.J.A. Blondeel, P.Eng. K. Blower, P.Eng.P.W. Bryce, P.Eng. L.S. Brzezinski, P.Eng. M.R. Burrowes, P.Eng. P.J. Carr, P.Eng. M.R. Carter, P.Eng. H. Catchpole, P.Geo.J. Chapman, P.Eng.E.R. Chappell, P.Eng. H. Charania, P.Eng. T.Y.H. Chong, P.Eng.

B. Christiansen, P.Eng.D. Claus, P.Eng.J.J.J. Coatta, P.Eng.S.J.J. Coatta, P.Eng.D.J. Connor, P.Eng. A.J. Crane, P.Eng.T.A. Curran, P.Eng. W.D. Currie, P.Eng. J. Danielson, EITA.P. Davis, P.Eng.W.R. Dawson, P.Eng.F.W. Denton, P.Eng., FEC,

FGC (Hon.)H.J. Dill, P.Eng. R.W. Donaldson, P.Eng. D. Doyle, P.Eng. (Hon.)P.F. Doyle, P.Eng. G.G. Dyer, P.Eng. O.C. Edwards, P.Eng.J.S. Elliott, P.Eng. J.F. Fernandez, P.Eng. M. Fischer, P.Eng.P.S. Fischl, P.Geo. W.H. Fisher, P.Eng. J.A. Foster, P.Eng. K.W. Fowers, P.Eng. L.P. Gander, P.Eng. G.J.A. Gatt, P.Eng.W.S. Gibson, P.Eng., FEC P.K. Glen, P.Eng. G.A. Gorzynski, P.Eng. E.G. Grams, P.Eng. L.H. Grant, P.Eng. H.N. Gray, P.Eng., FEC J.R.A. Green, P.Eng., FECP.W. Green, P.Eng. I. Grgic, P.Eng.M.A.M. Grindlay, P.Eng., FECH.T. Habtegiorgis, P.Eng. J.C. Hannah, P.Eng. J.E. Hardy, P.Eng. D.I. Harvey, P.Eng., Struct.

Eng., FEC W.H. Hayes, P.Eng. J.S. Haythorne, P.Eng., FEC,

FGC (Hon.)H.M. Hayward, P.Eng. G.R. Heffernan, P.Eng. H.P. Heringa, P.Eng. S.L. Higman, P.Eng./P.Geo.,

FEC P. Hipp, P.Eng.G. Holman, P. Eng.W.E. Hubbard, P.Eng.

G.D. Hunchuk, P.Eng./P.Geo. J.H. Jarvis, P.Eng. B.L. Johnson, P.Eng., Struct.

Eng. M.A. Jordan, P.Eng. R.J. Jupp, P.Eng. P.B. Kalil, P.Eng. T.W. Kern, P.Eng. F. King, P.Eng.W.S. King, P.Eng. P. Klit, P.Eng.K. Kupka, P.Eng.C.H.G. Iverson, P.Eng.S.J. Juras, P.Geo. D.C. Lambert, P.Eng., FEC G.J.E. Lamble, P.Eng.R.R. Lashin, P.Eng. D.W. Lee, P.Eng. H. Lee, P.Eng.F.C. Leighton, P.Eng.C.H. Leippi, P.Eng. D.A. Leishman, P.Geo. S.F. Leslie, P.Eng. M.D. Libera, P.Geo. M.K. Ling, P.Eng. S.G. Liu, P.Eng. E. Livingston, P.Eng.H.A. Locke, P.Eng. D.A. Lonneberg, EIT S.H. Lui, P.Eng. K.J. Ma, P.Eng., Struct.Eng. R.W.J. Macdonald, P.Geo.A.R. MacDougall, P.Eng.D.C. Mackie, P.Geo. F. Mammarella, P.Eng.L.G. Maranda, P.Eng. A.D. Masztalar, P.Eng.J.H. McAusland, P.Eng. C.A. McKenzie, P.Eng. D.A. McWatt, P.Eng. K.R. Mech, P.Eng. S.A. Mehr, P.Eng. P. Meidal, P.Eng.F.C. Menu, P.Eng. R.D. Mercier, P.Eng. D.H. Mill, P.Eng. J.M. Milbradt, P.Geo. Z. Milovanovic, P.Eng.A.C. Mitchell, P.Eng.J.R. Morgan, P.Eng., FEC J.K. Morrison, P.Eng. J.J. Murphy, P.Eng. T.W. Needes, P.Eng. J.A. Nicholson, P.Geo.

C.J. Nistor, P.Geo. R. Noble, P.Eng.K.D. Nold, P.Eng. G.D. Nordin, P.Geo. R. Oancia, P.Eng.I. Orford, P.Eng.R. Ostrovska, P.Eng.M.L. Page, P.Eng. J.M. Paterson, P.Eng.M.D. Pillon, P.Eng. R.H. Pinsent, P.Geo. H.D. Plewes, P.Eng. M.J. Poliquin, P.Eng. B.J. Price, P.Geo. J.R. Rawsthorne, P.Eng. R.G. Raymant, P.Eng. K.H. de Regt, P.Eng. P.J. Read, P.Eng. E.H. Regts, P.Eng. G.J. Reid, P.Eng./P.Geo., FEC,

FGC R.J. Renneberg, P.Eng. D.W. Roberts, P.Eng. J.N. Robertson, P.Eng., FEC M.A. Rufiange, P.Eng. P. Ryan, P.Eng.G.A. Sabo, P.Eng. R. Sadarangani, P.Eng.N.G. Santos, P.Eng. N.S. Saran, P.Eng. T.F. Schorn, P.Geo. C.A. Shaw, P.Eng. D.L. Shaw, P.Eng. J.T. Shearer, P.Geo. G. Shikaze, P.Eng., FECM.D. Slater, P.Eng. S.M. Smarandache, P.Eng. G.J. Smid, P.Eng. C.E. Smith, P.Eng. FEC, FGC

(Hon.)D.H. Smith, P.Eng. S.S.M. So, P.Eng. J.R. Sondhi, P.Eng. R.A. Spencer, P.Eng. G.L. Steeves, P.Eng. M.J. Stewart, P.Eng. W. Stothert, P.Eng.R.M. Stubbs, P.Eng. R.G.M. Sultan, P.Eng.R.W. Sweeney, P.Eng. C.L. Sypher, P.Eng.K.V. Tarnai-Lokhorst, P.Eng.,

FEC P. Tassie, P.Eng.

R. Tate, P.Eng.A.B. Taylor, P.Geo.Thompson Rivers UniversityB.R. Thorson, P.Eng. FEC L.A. Timmermans, EIT G. Tofte, P.Eng.D.T. Tran, P.Eng. R. Trapara, P.Eng.W.A.L. Truelove, P.Eng. J.S.Q. Tseng, P.Eng.R.G. Urquhart, P.Eng. P. Villanyi, P.Eng.O. Voute, P.Eng.J.N. Wachowich, P.Eng. C.W. Wakefield, P.Eng. W.M. Walker, P.Eng.J.A. Wallace, P.Eng., Struct.

Eng., FEC J.E. Wallis, P.Eng. D.D. Waring, P.Eng. E.J. Wayte, P.Eng. G.R. Werner, P.Eng. R.M. Wideman, P.Eng. P.A. Wiebe, P.Eng. K.J. Wilcox, P.Eng. R.G. Wilson, P.Eng./P.Geo.,

FEC, FGC J.A. Wood, P.Eng. D.C. Woolford, P.Eng. A.Y. Wong, P.Eng.L.J. Woznow, P.Eng.

SUPPORTING ($99 OR LESS)A. Abbani, EITS.Z. Abdullah, EIT B.E. Abraham, P.Geo., FGC F.W.D. Acosta, P.Eng.S.A. Adeleye, P.Eng. M. Afsar, P.Eng., FECS. Ahmad, P.Eng.E. Ahmadi, EITW.N. Akl, P.Eng. D. Alarie, P.Eng.S.T. Albion, P.Eng. P.J.F.D. Amaral, P.Eng.B.C. Anderson, P.Eng.N.G. Anderson, P.Eng. S. Andic, P.Eng.G.T. Angelescu, P.Eng. Z. Anic, P.Eng.C.I. Arato, P.Eng. FEC C.C. Armstrong, P.Eng. C.D. Arthur, P.Eng. Z. Ashby, P.Eng.

donors

APEG Foundation and Benevolent Fund Donors Giving Back to the Engineering and Geoscience Community Members provided generous support to APEGBC’s two charitable organizations this year. Donations made to the APEG Foundation from July 2016 to June 2017 enabled the distribution of scholarships to engineering and geoscience post-secondary students attending recognized educational institutions in BC. Donations to the Engineers and Geoscientists Benevolent Fund during the same period supported grant programs for members in exceptional financial need.

The generosity of the donors listed here plays a vital part in furthering the continued operation and programs of these important charities. On behalf of the Foundation and Benevolent Fund, as well as members, thank you for your support. Donations to the APEG Foundation and Engineers and Geoscientists Benevolent Fund are tax deductible, are welcome year-round, and can be forwarded to either charity c/o 200–4010 Regent Street, Burnaby, BC, V5C 6N2.


D. Avar, P.Eng.E. Babulak, P.Eng.D.H. Bader, P.Eng. B. Bagneres, P.Eng.V.K. Bains, P.Eng. M.C.T. Baird, P.Eng.W.J. Baker, P.Eng. K. Bakhshandeh, EITM. Bakhshi-Dezfouli, P.Eng.E.A. Balon, P.Geo. D. Banjanin, P.Eng.D.B. Barbour, EITG.E. Barclay, P.Eng. J.N. Barrett, P.Eng. A. Basu, P.Eng.E.C. Batty, P.Eng. T.F. Bazant, P.Eng. R.J. Beckett, P.Geo. D.K. Beckley, P.Eng. R.J. Beddoes, P.Eng. J.F. Bene, P.Eng. T.S. Bharj, P.Eng. M.I.S. Biniowsky, P.Geo.D. Bisalputra, P.Eng.G. Blagojevic, P.Eng., FECJ.D. Blanchflower, P.Geo. H. Boer, P.Eng.G.W. Boorman, P.Eng., FEC W.I.K. Boteju, P.Eng.W.N. Brazier, P.Eng., FEC M. Brideau, P.Geo.D.J. Bridge, P.Geo. K.L. Brookfield, P.Eng. A.C. Brown, P.Eng.D.W. Brown, P.Eng. M.E. Bryant, P.Eng. G. Brykov, EITG.F. Buck, P.Eng. C.T. Burke, P.Eng. A.E. Cairns, P.Eng.J.A. Calder, P.Eng. F. Campbell, P.Eng.J.S. Canova, P.Eng. A.O. Carne, EITC.F. Carter, P.Eng. D.E. Cass, P.Eng. B.G. Cassidy, P.Eng. G.A.B. Catherwood, P.Eng.A. Cayuela, P.Eng.P. Celko, P.Eng.V. Chandra, P.Eng.L.H. Chapman, P.Eng. B.M. Charlton, P.Eng. G. Chen, P.Eng.G.H. Chen, P.Eng. R.H. Cheng, P.Eng. Z. Cheng, P.Eng.S.A. Chester, EIT D.K.T. Cheung, P.Eng.J.T.K. Chia, P.Eng.T. Chicoine, P.Eng.J.D.J. Choquette, P.Eng.W.Y.T. Chu, P.Eng.M. Cimenti, P.Eng.B.P. Clements, P.Geo. J.R. Clendenan, EIT S.J. Close, P.Geo. H.R. Coles, EIT K.H.F. Collado, P.Eng.

K.V. Collyer, P.Eng. B.E. Cooper, P.Eng. D. Cornescu, P.Eng.J.F. Couto, P.Eng. R.J. Crook, P.Eng. R.S. Currie, P.Eng. B.A. David, EIT E.A.J. Dearden, EITP.A. Decamp, P.Eng.G.R. Dermer, P.Eng. V.M. Devapriya, P.Eng. G.S. Dhaliwal, EIT S.S. Dhaliwal, P.Eng. R.K. Dhanoa, P.Eng. S.C. Diemert, EIT N.J. Dimopoulos, P.Eng. N. Djordan, P.Eng.D.M. Dominguez, P.Eng.A.E. Doe, P.Eng.A. Doko, P.Eng.M.R. Du, P.Eng. L.A. Duncan, P.Eng. G.T. Durmaz, EIT L.O.P. Dutra, P.Eng.W.T. Dyer, P.Eng. P.G.M. Edgcumbe, P.Eng., FECW.C. Edwards, P.Eng. J.P. Egan, P.Eng. C.P.H. Eng, P.Eng.G. Ergin, P.Eng.T.R. Evans, P.Eng. M. Fanfani, P.Eng.S.A. Farag, P.Eng. K.G. Farquharson, P.Eng. M. Fatouhi, P.Eng.X. Feng, P.Eng.P. Ferland, P.Eng.R.L. Finch, P.Eng. G.D. Finlayson, P.Eng. D.J. Flynn, P.Eng. M.J. Forbes, P.Eng. M. Forouzan EITP. Fransen, P.Eng.D. Friedman, P.Eng.P.O. Fung, P.Eng. D.A. Furseth, P.Eng. A.Y. Gannos, P.Eng.K.P.H.L. Garandza, P.Eng.Z. Geczi, P.Eng.B.D.J. Gelber, P.Geo.M.R. Ghaeli, P.Eng. J.S. Gill, EIT L. Girard, P.Eng.R.J. Glenn, P.Eng. V. Golijanin, P.Eng.M.S. Goodarzi, EIT G.D. Gordon, P.Eng. M.A.S. Gray, EITB.J. Grayson, P.Eng. M.P.J. Gregoire,

P.Eng.A.K. S. Grewal,

P.Eng.T.D. Groumoutis,

P.Eng. W.E. Gruber, P.Eng. G.N. Grunau, P.Eng. R.J. Grywul, P.Geo. D.F. Gunning, P.Eng.

P. Gupta, EITD.P. Hague, P.Eng. V.C. Hanemayer P.Eng. G.S. Hanna, P.Eng. Z.C. Hao, P.Eng. J.W. Harrer Jr., P.Geo. A.D. Harris, P.Eng.S.M. Hawryluk, EIT E.J. Hayes, P.Eng. L.H. Hayton, P.Eng. L.W. Heckrodt, P.Eng. D. Hegadoren, EITG.D. Hill, P.Eng. L. Hockin, P.Eng.A.T. Holmes, P.Eng.G.M. Horel, P.Eng., FEC D.C.M. Horvat, P.Eng.J.D. HuberP.E. Hughes, P.Eng. S.M. Hunter, P.Eng. K.Y. Hur, P.Eng. G.C. Huszti, P.Eng. R.B. Ilao, EIT A.S. Imrie, P.Eng./P.Geo.M.A. Iqbal, P.Eng. O. Iwakun, P.Eng.R.I.M. Jacobs, P.Eng.A. Jafarpisheh, P.Eng.M.H. Jalali, P.Eng. A. Janjani, P.Eng.V.V. Janzen, P.Eng. V. Jasek, P.Eng.W.H. Jin, P.Geo. L. Jing, P.Eng.R.V. Johansson, P.Eng. B.Z. Johnson, P.Eng. D.B. Johnson, P.Eng. O.I. Johnson, P.Eng. W.L. Johnson, P.Eng. K.H. Junck, P.Eng. D. Kalanovic, P.Eng.R.H. Keery, P.Eng. H.A. Keevil, GIT B. KentM. Khademolhosseini, P.Eng.Y. Khalighi, P.Eng.A.S. Khan, EITG.Y. Khng, P.Eng.C.L. Kidson, P.Eng.

M. Kinash, P.Eng.B. Klarich, P.Eng.D.A. Knight, P.Eng. P. Kopic, P.Eng.A.Z. Koronczay, P.Eng.M.S. Kotturi, P.Eng. C. Koutroumanos, P.Eng.C.A. Kozinuk, P.Eng. A. Kumar, EITB.S. Kurry, P.Eng. E. Kuznetsov, P.Eng.S. Kwan, EITC.L.O. Kwong, Eng.L.M. Kwun, P.Eng.O.C. Lacson, EIT H.S. Lai, P.Eng. A.J. Lake, P.Eng.M.J. Lake, P.Eng. A.S. Lal, P.Eng.A.W. Lamprecht, P.Eng.G.R. LaRouche, P.Eng. M. Lau, P.Eng.D.G. Lazar, P.Eng. K.R. Lee, P.Eng. K.T. Lee, P.Eng. N.P. Lee, P.Eng. R.K.L. Lee, P.Eng.W.W. Lee, P.Eng. E.A. Lee-Tuck, GIT R.D. Lejarde, P.Eng. P. Lemee, P.Eng.J.V. Lempriere, P.Eng. C.P. Lewis, P.Geo. X.W. Li, P.Eng. A. Liggins, P.Eng.M. Lis, P.Eng.Y. Liu, P.Eng.R.H. Lloyd, P.Eng. A.W.L. Lo, P.Eng.K.K. Lo, P.Eng.P.C. Lobo, P.Eng. D. Low, P.Eng.M.L. Lu, P.Eng.M.R.M. Luthfy, P.Eng.B.M. Lyons, P.Eng. J.D. Lyzun, P.Eng. H. MacCallum, P.Eng.E. Macdonald, P.Eng. T.R. MacDonald, P.Eng.

G.D. MacDougall, EIT I.D. Mackay, P.Eng. H.T. Mackenzie, P.Geo. F.A. Maclean, P.Eng.M.H. Mahdavinia, EIT M.D. Maillet, P.Eng. A. Majdzadeh, P.Geo.Z. Makivic, P.Eng.P.J. Manley, P.Eng. B.S. Mann, Eng.L.K.M. Martin, P.Eng. H.A. Martyn, P.Eng. R.S. Mason, P.Eng. G.K. Masuda, P.Eng. M.T.C. Matias, P.Eng.R.A. McCallum, P.Eng. A.W. McCammon, P.Geo.C.J. McCarthy, P.Eng. G.P. McCartney, P.Eng. R.F. McGregor, P.Eng. O. McHugh, EITW.B. McLachlan, EIT C.A. McLean, P.Eng. H.L. Miao, P.Eng. M.O. Midiang’A, EIT M.E. Miller, P.Eng. E.P. Milligan, P.Eng. A.M. Milne, P.Eng.M. Mizumoto, P.Eng.P.D. Moncarz, P.Eng. G.D. Moore, P.Eng. J.F. Morrall, P.Eng. E.R. Morris, P.Eng. G.A. Murillo, P.Eng. M.R. Murrell, P.Geo. N. Mushtaq, EITG. Mustafa, P.Eng.Y.V. Musvoto, P.Eng. A.G. Mutasingwa, P.Eng.S. Narayana, EITJ.W.G. Nauss, P.Eng.M.R. Nazari, P.Eng. D.J. Neitsch, P.Eng. D.I. Nelson, P.Eng. M. Nessabi, P.Eng.R.S. Newland, P.Eng. N.T. Nguyen, P.Eng. G.E. Nicholson, P.Geo. J.O. Ogundare, P.Eng.

DRAFTING | DESIGNING | DETAILING | ESTIMATIONServices Offeredn Vessel & heat exchanger designing / detailingn Pipe spooling and cut sheetsn Conversion of sketch to CAD and 2D to 3Dn Estimation - material take off, dia-inch countn BOM creationn Manpower supply at client site

Worked withn Piping fabricatorsn Module yardsn Platework, vessel and

exchanger fabricatorsn Custom fabricators and

manufacturers

Tele: 780.468.0950Fax: 780.468.6481

Email: [email protected]


donorsB.M. Okorosobo, P.Eng. D.P. Oliver, P.Eng. C.W. Oloman, P.Eng. K.B. Orpen, P.Eng. C. Ortega, P.Eng.H. Ostadfar, P.Eng.G. Ovstaas, P.Eng.W.J. Padden, P.Eng. G. Padmanabhan, P.Eng.T.L. Pahl, EIT K. Palko, P.Eng.D.W. Pankratz, P.Eng. S.A. Parpia, EIT R. Parsons, P.Eng.K.S. Pathirage, P.Eng. A.L. Patterson, EITD.J. Pawliuk, P.Geo. C.G. Petcu, P.Eng. O. Petrusenko, P.Eng.P. Pietrosanti, P.Eng.M.J.C. Pioquinto, P.Eng.L.M. Plett, P.Eng., Struct.Eng. P.V.C. Ponka, P.Eng.S.I. Pop, P.Eng. M.R. Pospischil, P.Eng. K. Potter, P.Eng.S.W. Priest, P.Eng. J.T. Purdy, P.Eng. J. Puscian, P.Eng.R. Qarehbaghi, EITK.W. Quan, P.Eng. H.I. Quick, P.Eng. Y.A. Rachman, P.Eng. W.A. Radomske, P.Eng. S.P. Rafferty, P.Eng. J. Rasmussen, EITA.S. Rathod, P.Eng.A. Razique, P.Geo.R.V.A. Rea, P.Eng.B. Redl, EITE.C. Redmond, P.Eng. R.N. Reid, EIT J.P.G. Remillard, P.Eng.N. Richards, P.Eng.D.W. Richardson, P.Geo. P.O. Ritter, P.Eng.R.J.P. Rollin, P.Eng.P.A. Ronning, P.Eng. A. Rosen, P.Eng.K.M. Rosenberg, P.Eng. R.L. Ross, P.Eng. P.F. Rossouw, P.Eng. P.S. Roy, P.Eng. J.A. Ruggieri, P.Eng. D.J. Rupprecht, P.Eng. E. Russell, P.Eng.E.B. Rustico, P.Eng. B. Saad, P.Eng.J.A. Sabean, P.Geo. H.A.S. Sadeq, EITL.S. Sadik, P.Eng. N. Sadovska, EITS.K.H. Safar, P.Eng. D.P. Salanski, P.Eng. M.E. Salehi, P.Eng. N. Salh, EITM. Samani, P.Eng.R.D. Santos, P.Eng. A. Saravi, P.Eng.

J.M. Sarkor, P.Eng. R. Sasseville, P.Eng.G.T. Sawayama, P.Eng. D.A. Sayer, P.Eng. V. Scekic, P.Eng.D.H. Schick, P.Eng. A.D. Schmidt, P.Eng.S.D. Schneider, P.Eng. S.M. Schnider, P.Eng. C.M. Schulze, P.Geo. A.H. Shaikh, P.Eng.A.K. Sharma, P.Eng.M.K. Shrestha, EIT D.A. Shuttle, P.Eng. J.R. Siefken, P.Eng. L.D. Sieg, P.Eng. W.J. Sievewright, P.Eng. K.H. de Silva, P.Eng. A. Singh, P.Eng.K. Sivalingam, P.Eng.B.J. Skillings, P.Eng. T. Skimming, P.Eng.D.B. Smith, P.Eng. P.J. Southam, P.Geo. W.J. Spaulding, P.Eng. B.E. Spence, P.Geo. P.F. Stacey, P.Eng. C. Stan, P.Eng.S.H. Stelzer, P.Eng. G.N. Stensgaard, P.Eng., FEC M.D.J. Stewart, P.Eng.M.L. Stewart, P.Geo. R.D. Stolz, P.Eng. P.R. Stott, P.Eng.S. Strbac, EITD.F. Sturgess, P.Eng. E.J. Styles, EIT M.A.Z. Suarez, P.Eng.S.C. Suggitt, P.Eng. L. Sun, P.Eng.F.J. Sveinson, P.Eng. O.E. Tabaa, P.Eng. B.F. Talbot, P.Eng. H.S. Takhar, EIT C. Tan, P.Eng.T.A. Tandy, P.Eng., Struct.

Eng., FEC C.P. Tang, P.Eng. N.K. Tareen, P.Eng. S.S. Tehara, P.Eng. TELUSE.A. Ten-Hove, P.Eng. A.D. Tenham, P.Eng.T.I. Tenn, P.Eng. M. Tesic, P.Eng.M.B. Thomas, P.Eng. P.J. Thompson, P.Eng.G.W. Thorpe, P.Eng. W.G. Timmins, P.Eng. I. Toma, P.Eng.E.S. Tong, P.Eng. P.O. Toom, P.Eng. C.A.T. Torrico, P.Eng.S.L. Trangeled, EIT R.T. Trenaman, P.Eng., FEC V. Trifonov, P.Eng.A.P.S. Tumber, P.Eng.K.P. Turner, P.Eng., FEC, FGC

(Hon.)

S.E. Twigg, P.Eng. Z. Ullah, EITV.C. Uloth, P.Eng. A.H.P. Unda, P.Eng.S.S. Vafa, P.Eng. C.A. Vasarais, P.Eng.F. Vasilchikov, P.Eng.M.Vasko, P.Eng.S.K. Verma, P.Eng. H. Verwest, P.Eng.D.E. Vokey, P.Eng. M.Z. Wahla, P.Eng. M. Wang, P.Eng.R.E. Wedding, P.Eng., FEC J.W. Wedler, P.Eng. B.C. Weir, P.Eng. D.S. Wen, P.Eng. I.H. Whitehead, P.Eng. J.K. Wigen, EIT K.F. Williams, P.Eng., FEC W.M. Williams, P.Eng. W.J. Witte, P.Eng. N.F. Wodzianek, EIT J. Wu, P.Eng.M.C. Xiang, P.Eng.C. Yang, P.Eng.X.W. Yang, P.Eng. R. Yazdani-Mehdiabadi, P.Eng.G. Yerebasmaz, P.Eng.H.Y. Yip, P.Eng. A. Yuen, P.Eng.S.V. Zapel, P.Eng. M. Zelezny, P.Eng.J. Zhang, EITY. Zhao, P.Eng.V. Zhuravlev, P.Eng.

ENGINEERS AND GEOSCIENTISTS BENEVOLENT FUNDA. Abbani, EITM.A. Abbasi, P.Eng.F.W. Acosta, P.Eng.R.R. Affleck, P.Eng., FEC, FGC

(Hon.)E. Ahmadi, EITM.O. Alakofa, P.Eng.D. Alarie, P.Eng.W.J. Alcock, P.Eng., FECL. Allas, P.Eng.W.G. Allen, P.Eng.J.T. Allester, P.Eng.P.J. Amaral, P.Eng.B.C. Anderson, P.Eng.N.G. Anderson, P.Eng.C.J. Andrewes, P.Eng.Z. Anic, P.Eng.C.I. Arato, P.Eng., FECC.C. Armstrong, P.Eng.J.T. Armstrong, P.Eng.C.D. Arthur, P.Eng.Z. Ashby, P.Eng.E.A. Auer, EITD. Avar, P.Eng.E.S. Babinszki, P.Eng.E. Babulak, P.Eng.S. Bagaric, P.Eng.V.K. Bains, P.Eng.W.J. Baker, P.Eng.K. Bakhshandeh, EIT

M. Bakhshi-Dezfouli, P.Eng.D. Banjanin, P.Eng.G.E. Barclay, P.Eng.E.C. Batty, P.Eng.T.F. Bazant, P.Eng.D.P. Bean, P.Eng.R.J. Beckett, P.Geo.D.A. Belfiglio, P.Eng.C.W. Bildstein, P.Eng.M.I. Biniowsky, P.Geo.J.B. Binns, P.Eng.H.M. Blezy, P.Eng.M.P. Bonner, P.Eng.S.A. Boom, EITG.W. Boorman, P.Eng., FECT.N. Bouwmeester, P.Eng.W.N. Brazier, P.Eng., FECD.J. Bridge, P.Geo.P.H. Bridge, P.Eng.N.W. Brodie, P.Eng.A.C. Brown, P.Eng.M.E. Bryant, P.Eng.P.W. Bryce, P.Eng.G. Brykov, EITC.J. Buchan, P.Eng.G.F. Buck, P.Eng.P.J. Buermans, P.Eng.M.R. Burrowes, P.Eng.J.S. Canova, P.Eng.P.J. Carr, P.Eng.C.F. Carter, P.Eng.D.E. Cass, P.Eng.B.G. Cassidy, P.Eng.R. Castro, P.Eng.G.A. Catherwood, P.Eng.A. Cayuela, P.Eng.M.D. Chadney, P.Eng.H.W. Chan, P.Eng.W.T. Chang, P.Eng.E.R. Chappell, P.Eng.W.T. Charke, P.Eng.B.M. Charlton, P.Eng.G. Chen, P.Eng.R.H. Cheng, P.Eng.Z. Cheng, P.Eng.J.T. Chia, P.Eng.T. Chicoine, P.Eng.A.J. Chmelauskas, P.Eng.P.W. Chong, P.Eng.T.Y. Chong, P.Eng.J.R. Clendenan, EITS.J. Close, P.Geo.S.J. Coatta, P.Eng.J.J. Coatta, P.Eng.H.R. Coles, EITK.H. Collado, P.Eng.K.V. Collyer, P.Eng.W.J. Connery, P.Eng.G.A. Cook, P.Eng.B.E. Cooper, P.Eng.C.G. Cooper, P.Eng.V.J. Corbeil, P.Eng.W.P. Corcoran, P.Eng.P.T. Coyle, P.Geo.A.J. Crane, P.Eng.M.F. Cremin, P.Eng.D.L. Cronan, P.Eng.R.J. Crook, P.Eng.T.A. Curran, P.Eng.

R.S. Currie, P.Eng.P.S. Daly, P.Geo.A.T. Daniel, P.Eng.J. Danielson, EITL.A. Dawson, P.Eng.P.A. Decamp, P.Eng.V.M. Devapriya, P.Eng.R.K. Dhanoa, P.Eng.A.E. Doe, P.Eng.R.W. Donaldson, P.Eng.J.R. Douglas, EITG.T. Durmaz, EITL.O. Dutra, P.Eng.G. Dworak, P.Eng.J.V. Eby, P.Eng.P.G.M. Edgcumbe, P.Eng.,

FECJ.P. Egan, P.Eng.J.S. Ellett, P.Eng.J.S. Elliott, P.Eng.D.A. English, P.Eng.N. Epstein, P.Eng.G. Ergin, P.Eng.M.A. Faris, P.Eng.K.G. Farquharson, P.Eng.J.F. Fernandez, P.Eng.W. Fernando, P.Eng.G.C. Field, P.Eng.R.L. Finch, P.Eng.G.D. Finlayson, P.Eng.P.S. Fischl, P.Geo.D.J. Flynn, P.Eng.P.L. Fong, P.Eng.M.J. Forbes, P.Eng.J.W. Forster, P.Eng.K.W. Fowers, P.Eng.P. Fransen, P.Eng.H.D. Fraser, P.Eng.D. Friedman, P.Eng.P.O. Fung, P.Eng.A.Y. Gannos, P.Eng.M.J. Gao, P.Geo.B.D. Gelber, P.Geo.M.R. Ghaeli, P.Eng.D.R. Gibbs, P.Eng.J.S. Gill, EITL. Girard, P.Eng.R.J. Glenn, P.Eng.P. Glos, P.Eng.G.D. Gordon, P.Eng.G.A. Gorzynski, P.Eng.E.G. Grams, P.Eng.B.J. Grayson, P.Eng.J.R.A. Green, P.Eng., FECR.E. Greene, P.Eng.J. Gregr, P.Eng.A.K. Grewal, P.Eng.M.A.M. Grindlay, P.Eng., FECT.D. Groumoutis, P.Eng.W.E. Gruber, P.Eng.G.N. Grunau, P.Eng.D.D. Gulay, P.Eng.D.F. Gunning, P.Eng.P. Gupta, EITH.T. Habtegiorgis, P.Eng.R.D. Hall, P.Eng.V.C. Hanemayer, P.Eng.G.S. Hanna, P.Eng.J.C. Hannah, P.Eng.

i n n o v a t i o n J U LY/A U G U S T 2 017 3 3

Z.C. Hao, P.Eng.A.D. Harris, P.Eng.S.M. Hawryluk, EITL.H. Hayton, P.Eng.H.M. Hayward, P.Eng.D.G. Hepburn, P.Eng.S.H. Hicks, P.Eng.E.R. Higgins, P.Eng.G.D. Hill, P.Eng.E.S. Ho, P.Eng.A.F. Ho, P.Eng.D.G. Hobart, P.Eng.L. Hockin, P.Eng.A.T. Holmes, P.Eng.R.B. Homewood, P.Eng.R.C. Hopland, P.Eng.G.M. Horel, P.Eng., FECP.E. Hughes, P.Eng.S.M. Hunter, P.Eng.J.R. Hutchinson, P.Eng.R.B. Ilao, EITM.S. Ingram, P.Eng.S.S. Ip, EITM.A. Iqbal, P.Eng.A. Jafarpisheh, P.Eng.M.H. Jalali, P.Eng.A. Janjani, P.Eng.W.H. Jin, P.Geo.L. Jing, P.Eng.R.V. Johansson, P.Eng.B.L. Johnson, P.Eng., Struct.

Eng.B.Z. Johnson, P.Eng.L.O. Johnson, P.Eng.M.A. Jordan, P.Eng.J.W. Jr, P.Geo.R.J. Jupp, P.Eng.F.L. Kaempffer, P.Eng.D.P. Kajal, P.Eng.D. Kalanovic, P.Eng.P.B. Kalil, P.Eng.R.R. Kaplan, P.Eng.H. Kennedy, P.Eng.E.A. Kenney, P.Eng.T.W. Kern, P.Eng.M. Khademolhosseini, P.Eng.G.Y. Khng, P.Eng.C.L. Kidson, P.Eng.W.M. Kiedaisch, Eng.L.M. Kinash, P.Eng.S.P. Kocsis, P.Geo.P. Kopic, P.Eng.A.Z. Koronczay, P.Eng.C. Koutroumanos, P.Eng.R.B. Kraft, P.Eng.A. Kumar, EITE. Kuznetsov, P.Eng.M. Kwun, P.Eng.O.C. Lacson, EITH.S. Lai, P.Eng.J.S. Laidlaw, P.Eng.M.J. Lake, P.Eng.W.S. Lakevold, P.Eng.A.S. Lal, P.Eng.D.C. Lambert, P.Eng., FECG.J. Lamble, P.Eng.P.A. Lapcevic, P.Geo.R.R. Lashin, P.Eng.P.J. Law, P.Eng.

D.G. Lazar, P.Eng.J.M. Leask, P.Eng.D.W. Lee, P.Eng.K.R. Lee, P.Eng.K.W. Lee, P.Eng.J. Lee, P.Eng.N.P. Lee, P.Eng.R.K. Lee, P.Eng.E.A. Lee-Tuck, GITF.C. Leighton, P.Eng.J.V. Lempriere, P.Eng.X. Li, P.Eng.V.Y. Liao, P.Eng.M.D. Libera, P.Geo.A. Liggins, P.Eng.M.K. Ling, P.Eng.J. Lisman, P.Eng.S.G. Liu, P.Eng.Y. Liu, P.Eng.E. Livingston, P.Eng.A.W. Lo, P.Eng.K.K. Lo, P.Eng.P.C. Lobo, P.Eng.H.A. Locke, P.Eng.N.R. Low, P.Eng.D.R. Lucas, P.Geo.J.D. Lyzun, P.Eng.H. MacCallum, P.Eng.C. MacCallum, P.Eng.T.R. MacDonald, P.Eng.A.R. MacDougall, P.Eng.I.D. Mackay, P.Eng.H.T. Mackenzie, P.Geo.D.C. Mackie, P.Geo.M.H. Mahdavinia, EITD. Maibeche, P.Eng.F. Mammarella, P.Eng.L.G. Maranda, P.Eng.K.M. Martin, P.Eng.R.T. Martin, P.Eng., FECT.E. Martin, P.Eng./P.Geo.H.A. Martyn, P.Eng.R.S. Mason, P.Eng.G.K. Masuda, P.Eng.M.T. Matias, P.Eng.J.H. McAusland, P.Eng.C.J. McCarthy, P.Eng.G.P. McCartney, P.Eng.G. McEwan, P.Eng.B.T. McGrath, P.Geo.O. McHugh, EITW.A. McPhee, P.Eng.D.A. McWatt, P.Eng.W.E. Meeks, P.Eng.R.P. Mellema, P.Eng.R.D. Mercier, P.Eng.J.G. Mieczaniec, P.Eng.D.H. Mill, P.Eng.M.E. Miller, P.Eng.A.R. Milligan, P.Eng.E.P. Milligan, P.Eng.A.M. Milne, P.Eng.Z. Milovanovic, P.Eng.M. Mizumoto, P.Eng.E.R. Morris, P.Eng.J.K. Morrison, P.Eng.L.A. Muller, EITP.A. Mulyk, P.Eng.F.F. Mustafa, P.Eng.

Y.V. Musvoto, P.Eng.M.R. Nazari, P.Eng.D.J. Neitsch, P.Eng.R.S. Newland, P.Eng.N.T. Nguyen, P.Eng.G.E. Nicholson, P.Geo.D.A. Njie, P.Eng.J.O. Ogundare, P.Eng.B.M. Okorosobo, P.Eng.P.N. Okuma, P.Eng.D.P. Oliver, P.Eng.C.W. Oloman, P.Eng.C. Ortega, P.Eng.R. Ostrovska, P.Eng.M.L. Ottem, P.Eng.J.J. Ovsenek, P.Eng.G. Ovstaas, P.Eng.W.J. Padden, P.Eng.G. Padmanabhan, P.Eng.H.A. Paiva, P.Eng.K. Palko, P.Eng.D.W. Pankratz, P.Eng.S.A. Parpia, EITR. Parsons, P.Eng.K.S. Pathirage, P.Eng.A.L. Patterson, EITG.J. Payie, P.Geo.C.A. Payne, P.Eng.W.D. Peacock, P.Eng.K.W. Pickering, P.Eng.P. Pietrosanti, P.Eng.M.D. Pillon, P.Eng.R.H. Pinsent, P.Geo.M.J. Pioquinto, P.Eng.A. Piskorski, P.Eng.R.M. Platt, P.Eng.L.M. Plett, P.Eng., Struct.Eng.D.M. Pointe, P.Eng.J.D. Poliquin, P.Eng.M.J. Poliquin, P.Eng.M.R. Pospischil, P.Eng.K. Potter, P.Eng.K.W. Quan, P.Eng.M.C. Quick, P.Eng.O. Quraishi, P.Eng.Y.A. Rachman, P.Eng.R.C. Radatzke, P.Eng.W.A. Radomske, P.Eng.S.P. Rafferty, P.Eng.L. Rahman, P.Eng.P. Ranieri, P.Eng.A.S. Rathod, P.Eng.A. Razique, P.Geo.R.V. Rea, P.Eng.B. Redl, EITE.H. Regts, P.Eng.J.P. Remillard, P.Eng.R.J. Renneberg, P.Eng.S.W. Rilkoff, P.Eng.P.O. Ritter, P.Eng.M.A. Roberts, P.Eng.J.N. Robertson, P.Eng., FECD.G. Robinson, P.Eng.W.J.H. Robinson, P.Eng., FECR.R. Roenicke, P.Eng.P.A. Ronning, P.Eng.K.M. Rosenberg, P.Eng.R.L. Ross, P.Eng.G.L. Roste, P.Geo.

R.K. Rudnitski, P.Eng.M.A. Rufiange, P.Eng.J.A. Ruggieri, P.Eng.E.M. Russell, EITE.B. Rustico, P.Eng.G.A. Sabo, P.Eng.R. Sadarangani, P.Eng.S. Sadeghi, P.Eng.H.A. Sadeq, EITL.S. Sadik, P.Eng.N. Sadovska, EITS.K. Safar, P.Eng.B.S. Sahota, P.Eng.G. Sakuhuni, EITN. Salh, EITN.G. Santos, P.Eng.N.S. Saran, P.Eng.A. Saravi, P.Eng.J.M. Sarkor, P.Eng.R. Sasseville, P.Eng.G.T. Sawayama, P.Eng.D.H. Schick, P.Eng.A.D. Schmidt, P.Eng.H.R. Schmitt, P.Geo.S.D. Schneider, P.Eng.S.M. Schnider, P.Eng.T.F. Schorn, P.Geo.C.M. Schulze, P.Geo.J.E. Scott, P.Eng.A.H. Shaikh, P.Eng.D.J. Shannon, P.Eng.A.K. Sharma, P.Eng.C.A. Shaw, P.Eng.J. Shaw, P.Eng.J.T. Shearer, P.Geo.M.J. Sheriff, P.Eng.G. Shikaze, P.Eng., FECB.K. Short, P.Eng.M.K. Shrestha, EITD.A. Shuttle, P.Eng.J.R. Siefken, P.Eng.L.D. Sieg, P.Eng.K.H. Silva, P.Eng.G.E. Simmons, P.Eng.A. Singh, P.Eng.K. Sivalingam, P.Eng.B.J. Skillings, P.Eng.T. Skimming, P.Eng.M.D. Slater, P.Eng.S.M. Smarandache, P.Eng.D.H. Smith, P.Eng.P.D. Soares, P.Geo.M.C. Soederlund, P.Eng.L. Sookochoff, P.Eng.P.J. Southam, P.Geo.E.W. Speer, P.Eng.P.F. Stacey, P.Eng.S.H. Stelzer, P.Eng.G.N. Stensgaard, P.Eng., FECM.D. Stewart, P.Eng.R.D. Stolz, P.Eng.P.R. Stott, P.Eng.S. Strbac, EITM.A. Suarez, P.Eng.F.J. Sveinson, P.Eng.R.W. Sweeney, P.Eng.K. Szeto, P.Eng.O.E. Tabaa, P.Eng.H.S. Takhar, EIT

B.F. Talbot, P.Eng.C. Tan, P.Eng.M.A. Tancredi, P.Eng., FECT.A. Tandy, P.Eng., Struct.

Eng. FECC.P. Tang, P.Eng.N.K. Tareen, P.Eng.P. Tassie, P.Eng.R. Tate, P.Eng.A.B. Taylor, P.Geo.J.R. Taylor, P.Eng.A.D. Tenham, P.Eng.E.A. Ten-Hove, P.Eng.M. Tesic, P.Eng.I.S. Thompson, P.Eng.B.R. Thorson, P.Eng., FECW.G. Timmins, P.Eng.I. Toma, P.Eng.E.S. Tong, P.Eng.P.O. Toom, P.Eng.C.A. Torrico, P.Eng.R. Trapara, P.Eng.S. Tribe, P.Geo.V. Trifonov, P.Eng.W.A. Truelove, P.Eng.J.S. Tseng, P.Eng.A.P. Tumber, P.Eng.J.A. Turner, P.Geo.C.S. Turner, EITUBC Organizing CommitteeZ. Ullah, EITV.C. Uloth, P.Eng.A.H. Unda, P.Eng.G.M. Vasarhelyi, P.Eng.M. Vasko, P.Eng.S.K. Verma, P.Eng.H. Verwest, P.Eng.R.S. Verzosa, P.Eng.O. Voute, P.Eng.M.R. Vulimiri, P.Geo.B.L. Walker, P.Eng.B.W. Wallace, P.Eng.P.R. Ward, P.Eng.D.D. Waring, P.Eng.J.W. Warr, P.Eng.P.D. Wearmouth, P.Eng.B.L. Weeks, P.Eng.B.C. Weir, P.Eng.R.E. Weismiller, P.Eng., FECD.S. Wen, P.Eng.G.R. Werner, P.Eng.G.J. Whipp, EITJ.H. Whitaker, P.Eng.P.H. Wiecke, P.Eng.M.C. Williams, P.Eng.J. Williams, P.Eng.S.M. Wilson, P.Geo.M.A. Windfeld, P.Eng.W.J. Witte, P.Eng.J.P. Woykin, P.Eng.D.H. Wright, P.Eng.D.R. Wright, P.Eng.J. Wu, P.Eng.X.W. Yang, P.Eng.R. Yazdani-Mehdiabadi,

P.Eng.W.C. Yeomans, P.Geo.A. Yuen, P.Eng.S.V. Zapel, P.Eng. v


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We can conclude, therefore, that at the concept phase support is relatively low, with minimal tax-credit and government-assistance opportunities.

Support at the Startup PhaseAs the company evolves to the startup phase, we observe appreciable growth in total available funding. Expenditures rise in lockstep with operating activities and are dedicated almost exclusively to technological development, resulting in the concurrent growth of tax credits. In fact, you can think of the transition period between the concept and startup phases of the business as roughly corresponding to TRL levels 1 to 3 of the R&D cycle. Risk is lowered substantially by alternative financing or advance sales secured in this phase, which encourages funding agencies to offer a preliminary suite of government assistance options in comparison to the concept phase. Growth is also sufficient to support limited human resources and/or equipment expansion, thereby enabling small Hiring and Capital Expenditure grants to supplement the R&D grants.

We can conclude, therefore, that at the startup phase, support is relatively moderate, with an appreciable rise in tax credits and with government assistance making up a more appealing proportion of the funding mix.

Support at the Growth PhaseTransition into the growth phase is where we observe the most dramatic effects on available funding. While overall tax credits rise alongside continued technological development, expenditures diversify to include substantial increases in operating expenses such as labour and business development, and in capital investments such as fixed assets. Furthermore, strong sales temper or reverse prior losses and mitigate a significant degree of business risk in the process.

These trends converge in the growth phase to produce an optimized funding environment in which the organization can simultaneously leverage: (1) eligible expenditures and low business risk to secure tax credits and R&D grants, respectively; (2) operating expenses to secure Hiring & Training and Business Development grants, and; (3) investments to secure Capital Expenditure grants. In fact, you can think of the transition period between the start and growth phases of the business as roughly corresponding to TRL levels 4 to 6 of the R&D cycle.

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“I was amazed at the level of plan-ning, spirit and dedication of all teams in Canstruction,” said APEGBC President, Timothy Smith PGeo EngL and Canstruction® 2007 juror, “I am very proud of our pro-fession’s strong contribution to Canstruction and look forward to an even bigger sweep of the awards in 2010. Even though we won the Engineers versus Architects chal-lenge, the real winner here is the food bank.”


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We can conclude, therefore, that at the growth phase, support is relatively large, with both tax credits and grants well represented and with government assistance making up a more appealing proportion of the funding mix.

Support at the Mature PhaseWhen the organization enters the mature phase, sales and expenditures stabilize and risk settles at its cyclic minimum. Expenditures are high and include several new R&D projects funded by earlier R&D technologies that have transitioned into commercialization. Tax credits enter a virtuous cycle in which high sales and previous funding support is reinvested into R&D activities to drive future ITC returns.

Note in Figure 4, however, how the funding profile differs from that at the concept phase even though new R&D projects exhibit the same eligibility in both phases. Tax credits in the mature phase command greater returns because the revenues generated by sales allow a far greater level of eligible R&D expenditures that are in turn reclaimed as tax credits. R&D grants generally subside at this point until the next growth phase, thereby limiting grant financing to Hiring & Training, Business Development, and Capital Expenditures. In fact, you can think of the transition period between the growth and mature phases of the business as roughly corresponding to TRL levels 7 to 9 of the R&D cycle.

We can conclude, therefore, that at the mature phase, total support peaks, with tax credits making up the most appealing proportion of the funding mix.

Capital AssetsWe’ll round out our discussion with a special case: the development of a capital asset. While the general principles of the TRL scale still apply, when considering capital assets, you may also want to book an appointment with your accountant to understand how your expenditures are being logged on your financial statements. When uncertainty is high and the feasibility of the technology remains in question, your R&D expenditures are typically expensed and end up on your income statement under operating expenses.


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Grant prospects in this phase are generally limited and you’ll be better served focusing your efforts on tax credits. As the viability of the technology comes into sharper focus, however, the expenses start getting capitalized and end up on your balance sheet as an asset from which you can derive future economic benefit.

In this phase, grant potential improves significantly and you should shift your efforts

accordingly. Capitalization is determined by demonstrating the five criteria in Figure 5. The more criteria you meet, the more attention you should be providing to grant financing.

ConclusionIt’s important to realize that government grants and tax credits work together to maximize the support available to finance

your R&D activities. Even if you might fall within a regime that favors one of these support options, you may benefit from considering the other option. Use the principles outlined in this article to temper your expectations and focus your efforts effectively. Periodically compare your funding mix against Figures 3 and 4 and recognize that departures from the profiles as presented here mean you are likely leaving available cash on the table.

With some diligence, you will find government a much less coy strategic partner than you thought. v

Darius Garcha P.Eng., CPA, is a Senior Manager, Strategic Projects at Ayming, an international firm specializing in Business Performance. He has more than 13 years of industry and consulting experience.

Laslo Cesar is the Director of the Finance and Innovation business line at Ayming, with more than 10 years of experience in Innovation Financing.


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Figure 51. What is the technical feasibility

of completing the R&D asset so

it will be available for use/sale?

2. What is your intention to complete

the R&D asset and use/sell it?

3. What is your ability to use/sell

the R&D asset?

4. What is the availability of adequate

technical, financial and other resources

to complete development and use/sell the

R&D asset?

5. Do you have the ability to reliably

measure the expenditure related to

the R&D asset during development?

6. How will the R&D asset generate probable

future economic benefits?

a. Can a market can be demonstrated

for the R&D project or the output

of the R&D project if sales are

external?

b. What is the usefulness of the

R&D project internally if the

project or its output is not to

be sold?

Figure 4

Concept Startup

Grant Tax Credit Risk Sales Eligible InvestmentRepayable Grant

Growing Mature

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c l a s s i f i e d s

membersh ipIN MEMORIAMThe association announces with regret the passing of the following members:P.A. Abramowich, P.Eng.,

Coquitlam, BC B. Ainsworth, P.Eng.,

North Vancouver, BC

W.S. Anderson, P.Eng., Port Coquitlam, BC

M.C. Baker, P.Eng., Richmond, BC

P.W. Bell, P.Eng., North Vancouver, BC

D.M. Bennett, P.Eng., FEC, Coquitlam, BC

J.R. Billingsley, P.Eng., Vancouver, BC

I.F. Clayre, P.Eng., Edmonton, AB

C.P. de Rooy, P.Eng., Coldstream, BC

N.M. Fernandes, Eng.L., Ladysmith, BC

O.A. Finsand, P.Eng., Walnut Creek, CA

R.B. Heeney, P.Eng., Duncan, BC

W.K. Huffman, P.Eng., Salmon Arm, BC

J.S. Kermeen, P.Eng., Port Alberni, BC

W.C. Leith, P.Eng., Trail, BC

G. Magnolo, P.Eng., Burnaby, BC

B.F. Osborne, P.Eng. W.W. Ryan, P.Eng.,

North Vancouver, BC

R.H. Yetman, P.Eng., West Vancouver, BC

LIFE MEMBERSThe following members have been granted Life Membership under Bylaw 10(c1)M. Ahmed, P.Eng. R.P. Ansell, P.Eng. G.B. Armanini, P.Eng. A.A. Aziz, P.Eng. P.E. Bagshaw, P.Eng. J.I. Barkman, P.Eng.

J.A. Baxter, P.Eng. D.R. Bennett, P.Eng. D. Berka, P.Eng. B.D. Blann, P.Eng. B.H. Bowness, P.Eng. J.R. Brown, P.Eng. D.B. Buchanan, P.Eng. N.C. Carter, P.Eng. P.A. Cartwright, P.Geo. T.C. Chan, P.Eng. Y.D. Chan, P.Eng. T.N. Christensen, P.Eng. J.E. Christoffersen,

P.Eng.

P.G. Claridge, P.Eng. H.F. Cremers, P.Eng. D. Crook, P.Eng. G. Csanyi-Fritz, P.Eng. O.R. Cullingham,

P.Geo. A.A. Cuthbert, P.Eng. J.B. Dalrymple, P.Eng. B.J. Davies, P.Eng. E.A. Dylke, P.Eng. G.H. Eaton, P.Eng. M.M. El Awny, P.Eng. J.G. English, P.Eng. M.C. Estoque, P.Geo. K.A. Evans, P.Eng. W.D. Ewert, P.Geo. S.H. Fader, P.Eng. R.A. Fairservice, P.Eng.,

FEC R.G. Fether, P.Eng. J.A. Fleming, P.Geo. R.B. Frankard, P.Eng. R.A. Fru, P.Eng. J. Garrish, P.Eng. K.A. Grace, P.Eng. S. Graf, P.Eng. P. Graystone, P.Eng.W.A. Grzymek, P.Eng. C.B. Guelke, P.Eng. P.J. Ham, P.Eng. J. Hamian, P.Eng. C.P. Harivel, P.Geo. L.E. Harris, P.Eng. L.R. Haynes, P.Geo. D.M. Henderson,

P.Eng. T.A. Hobley, P.Eng. J.E. Hofman, P.Eng. R.D. Hoggarth, P.Eng. B. Holt, P.Eng. Z. Hora, P.Geo. D.L. Johnson, P.Geo. G.W. Johnson, P.Eng. F.L. Jorgensen, P.Eng. J. Keijser, P.Eng. M. Ko, P.Eng. D.E. Krezanoski,

P.Eng. D. Kurytnik, P.Eng. C.H. Lamb, P.Eng.

R.W. Lane, P.Geo. G.M. Leary, P.Eng. M.C. Lee, P.Eng., FEC L.K. Leong, P.Eng. B.S. Lesiuk, P.Eng. R.V. Longe, P.Eng. J.S. MacDonald, P.Eng. Y. Mansour, P.Eng. J.V. Maras, P.Eng. E.T. Marbella, P.Eng.

K.R. Maycock, P.Eng., FEC

W.C. McEwen, P.Eng. L.H. McGill, P.Eng. C.W. McLachlan, P.Eng. R.J. McQueen, P.Eng. F.D. Mehta, P.Eng. R.E. Meyers, P.Geo. A. Mitchell, P.Eng. R.A. Mitchell, P.Eng. D.N. Moore, P.Eng.,

FEC J.C. Moyse, P.Eng. J.S. Mumick, P.Eng. A.M. Myers, P.Eng. P.F. Ng, P.Eng., FEC M.J. Osatenko, P.Geo. A. Panteleyev, P.Eng. S. Papile, P.Eng. R. Perri, P.Eng. T. Pikksalu, P.Eng. J.A. Polvi, P.Eng. K.L. Poon, P.Eng. V.A. Preto, P.Eng. C. Quaife, P.Eng. T.E. Rattray, P.Eng. B.W. Robinson, P.Eng. J. Robinson, P.Eng. M.J. Ross, P.Eng. R.A. Rusch, P.Eng. M. Safarpour, P.Eng. M.E. Salcudean, P.Eng. S.K. Sharma, P.Eng. J.E. Sidnell, P.Eng. W.C. Sinclair, P.Eng. K.H. Sketchley, P.Eng. M.J. Stringer, P.Eng. E. Struyk, P.Eng. J.M. Swaney, P.Eng. O. Syberg, P.Eng. V.A. Tanaka, P.Geo. S.P. Teo, P.Eng. P.R. Trees, P.Eng. R.J. Voyer, P.Eng. W.M. Wacinski, P.Eng. C.E. Wade, P.Eng. L.R. Walker, P.Eng. C.H. Wang, P.Eng. R. Wares, P.Eng., FEC N.E. Weeks, P.Eng. M.A. Weir, P.Eng. F.L. Wilcox, P.Eng.T.H. Williams, P.Eng. P.S. Wong, P.Eng. K.R. Wood, P.Eng. P.J. Woods, P.Eng. G.J. Woodsworth,

P.Geo.K. Wright, P.Eng. T.J. Wright, P.Eng. v


Vancouver Rare Book, Photograph & Paper ShowThe Vancouver Rare Book, Photograph & Paper Show takes place October 7th and 8th, at Vancouver’s Heritage Hall (15th & Main). This is an important Canadian Exhibition with antiquarian dealers from Calgary, Winnipeg, London, Toronto, Ottawa, Montreal and BC offering a thoughtfully curated selection of books, fine maps, photographs and interesting paper. Come visit. Details at www.vrbppshow.ca

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i n n o v a t i o n M A R C H / A P R I L 2 0 1 7 39

APEGBC Continuing Professional Development Personal Investment. Professional Commitment.

Call for PresentersAre you an expert in your field who would like to contribute to the future of engineering and geoscience? APEGBC is actively seeking members to present on a variety of topics. For more information, please visit apeg.bc.ca/Events/Seminar.For a complete listing of events or for more information, visit apeg.bc.ca/prodev/events or contact

APEGBC Professional Development at 604.430.8035 or 1.888.430.8035.

Grounding and Shielding in Electronics Instrumentation August 21, 2017; Vancouver, BC

This session is geared towards professionals with a strong interest in grounding and shielding techniques. The engineering professional will be able to address electromagnetic compatibility and grounding problems, and tune the implementation of instrumentation systems such as to improve their immunity to electromagnetic and electrostatic interference.

Webinar: Presentation SkillsSeptember 8, 2017

Knowledge is the new currency or capital of the information age. However, knowledge is only of value to the degree it can be successfully communicated. Research confirms that effective presentation skills are a vital career advancement competency. The ability to communicate your ideas and opinions with clarity and in a convincing manner is becoming an increasingly important 21st century success competency and an essential source of informal power within organizations. Participants will learn to communicate more effectively in formal presentations or casual conversations.

Power System Stability and Control September 11–14, 2017; Vancouver, BC

This seminar will provide a comprehensive overview of power system stability and control problems. This includes the basic concepts, physical aspects of the phenomena, methods of analysis, examples of incidents of system instability, challenges to the secure operation of present-day power systems, and a comprehensive approach to enhancing system security.

Solar Energy: From Fundamentals to Practice September 18, 2017; Kelowna, BCSeptember 29, 2017; Vancouver, BC

This seminar covers all key aspects of solar photovoltaic (PV) projects. In short, a PV system transforms solar irradiance into electricity that can be either sold to the grid or consumed locally. With rapidly decreasing costs, solar is the fastest-growing energy technology in the world. Today, the solar industry in the US employs more people than the coal and gas industry do. This course provides the fundamentals of PV solar, with the objective to understand how to implement a successful solar project in BC.

Air Pollution Control September 20, 2017; Vancouver, BC

Whether you are starting your career in the air-quality world or you have been around for a decade, you are expected to know a lot about air pollution, be it the science or the

regulatory framework. This session will provide you with a basic understanding of an array of important scientific concepts that are hard to find in a single course or a seminar.

Technical Writing: Solutions for Effective Written Communication September 21, 2017; Vancouver, BC

This seminar provides practical, applicable solutions and techniques for how to express your thoughts succinctly in written format. Through a series of hands-on workshops, you will learn to write effective emails, technical memos, letters, reports, and other documents. Whether you are a junior employee or a seasoned professional in your technical field, this seminar will help you to improve your technical writing skills.

Electrostatic Discharge EssentialsSeptember 22, 2017; Vancouver, BC

This seminar provides guidance to engineering professionals who need to address the susceptibility and robustness of electronic circuits and systems to electrostatic discharges (ESD). An engineering professional will be able to tune the implementation of electronic circuits and systems to improve their ESD immunity after attending this seminar.

NAFTA Requirement for Working in the USSeptember 27, 2017; Vancouver, BC

Have you ever considered working in the United States and are unsure how to begin? Under NAFTA law, certain professionals like engineers, geoscientists and engineering technicians can often obtain “Trade NAFTA” (TN) visas to work in the United States once they receive an employment offer from an appropriate US employer. Alternatively, experienced professionals may be engaged as “consultants” under NAFTA rules and share their expertise with US-based businesses. This seminar will review all viable US immigration options for Canadian and Mexican professionals.

Writing Effective Proposals and Reports September 28, 2017; Vancouver, BC

This seminar is for engineers and geoscientists who wish to develop the confidence and writing skills necessary to write effective proposals and reports. Through a series of hands-on workshops, you will learn the key elements of writing and submitting winning proposals and reports, and how to tailor your content for both technical and non-technical audiences. In addition, you will learn to determine what your clients (internal and external) are looking for, and how they will evaluate your proposal or review your report.

Engineering Better Team Member Performance with Coaching September 29, 2017; Vancouver, BC

Mastering the ability to bring out the best in your people at work is critical to high-performing project teams. Coaching your team members enhances their workplace productivity and level of engagement in performing the tasks at hand. Every employee and contractor on your projects can reach higher levels of performance. What they need is a manager who can coach them and who can maximize their individual effectiveness on the job. Learn how to raise their potential and level of work performance and optimize the work being done.

Workplace Communication October 3, 2017; Vancouver, BC

Are you communicating effectively? Is the listener actually receiving your message? Effective communication skills are required in every profession. As people begin to advance in their careers, effective communication skills become increasingly more important. Learn how effective communication can increase your confidence and clarity. Become an effective team member who makes a significant impact in the workplace and maximizes contributions to the organization. This full-day workshop is designed to provide you with a set of tools and resources to incorporate effective communication skills into your workplace. Participants have an opportunity to practice new skills and receive specific feedback to enhance their speaking, listening, non-verbal, and email communications within the workplace.


2017 Annual Conference and AGMOctober 19 – 21, 2017; Whistler, BCThe 2017 APEGBC Annual Conference and AGM comprise two days of professional development, networking events, an industry tradeshow, and your association’s annual general meeting. Professional development streams include engineering and geoscience in the resource sector, municipal engineering, environmental engineering and geoscience, emerging professional, management, structural, better business, energy efficiency and renewable energy, diversity, and climate change. For conference information and to register online, visit apeg.bc.ca/ac17.

2017 APEGBC ANNUAL CONFERENCE AND AGM

The conference brings together engineers, geoscientists, technologists, faculty, students, government representatives, and other members of the community.

At the conference you can:

• Network with industry suppliers in the Exhibit Hall • Participate in technical tours• Expand your knowledge at professional development sessions• Recognize outstanding members at the President’s Awards Gala• Engage with Council and share your thoughts at the AGM • Listen to Keynote speakers Jill Heinerth from The Royal Canadian Geographical Society

and Darby Allen, now retired Regional Fire Chief who guided the residents of Fort McMurray to safety during the wildfire

Register for the conference today.

apeg.bc.ca/AC17

OCTOBER 19–21, 2017WHISTLER, BC

pm40065271 - ayming canada improving flood ... the modern world—offshoring, cross-discipline...

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