pmr science form 3 tips

PMR SCIENCE TIPS 2013 Pusat Tuisyen D’Permai

59 | P a g e P r e p a r e d b y

w w w . f a c e b o o k . c o m / T u t o r M r S u n

PMR Science form 3

1. Diagram 1 below shows the respiratory system of a human.

a) i. Label the diagram in the table below

1. 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

7. 9.

10. 11

a) ii. What is structure number 8 is made up of and what is structure number 8 is called?

_____________________________________________________________________

b) i. Write down the flow of air during exhalation process

_____________________________________________________________________

c) Cigarette smoking is harmful to lungs. Name three substances that is harmful and what

does it causes?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

d) Name two important body structures of human that protects the respiratory system

________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________




2. Diagram below shows a structure of alveolus.

a) i. Label the structures above with the words below.

Bronchiole Alveolus Blood Capillary

ii. Name the gaseous that diffuse in and out of blood capillary:

1. Gas that is diffused in ____________________________________

2. Gas that is diffused out __________________________________

b) i. State 3 characteristics of alveolus

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

ii. Why the alveolus has adopted these characteristics?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

c) How can the heat from cigarette smoke affect the alveolus?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

d) Name two diseases related to cigarette smoking?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________




3. Diagram below shows an experiment to test the content cigarette smoke.

a) i. When the pump is turned on, what happens to the cotton wool?

_________________________________________________________________________

ii. What is the substance in the cigarette smoke that causes the cotton wool to change?

_________________________________________________________________________

b) i. What happens to the universal indicator?

_________________________________________________________________________

ii. What is the substance that causes the universal indicator to change colour?

_________________________________________________________________________

c) i. One of the important apparatus is not fixed in this experiment. State the apparatus which

is missing

________________________________________________________________________

ii. What substance in the cigarette smoke that causes addiction and cancer?

Addiction: ______________________________________________

Cancer:_________________________________________________




4. Diagram below shows the process of inhaling and exhaling.

a) i. Explain how inhaling process is done

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

ii. Explain how the exhaling process is done

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

b) i. Explain how does the gaseous exchange happens between the alveolus and blood

capillaries

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

ii. Write down the equation for the cellular respiration

_______________________________________________________________________




5. Diagram below shows a model of a bell jar that represents the model of respiratory

system

a. Match and write the correct name for the structure above

Lungs

Rubber sheet

Trachea

b. Using the bell jar experiment, explain what will happen to the structure that

represents the lungs if we pull the rubber sheet down

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

c. Explain what will happen to the structure that represents lungs if we push the

rubber sheet up

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________




6. Diagram below shows a cross section of a human’s heart.

a) i. Label the above diagram correctly with the words in the table below

Left Atrium Left Ventricle Right Atrium Right Ventricle

Vena Cava Aorta Pulmonary Vein Pulmonary Artery

Tricuspid Valve Bicuspid Valve Semilunar Valve Septum

ii. Use the arrow design below to draw the flow of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in

the heart.

Oxygenated blood

Deoxygenated blood - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

b) i. Why does the ventricle wall is thicker then the walls of atrium?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

ii. What is the function of the structure septum?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

c) What is the function of valve?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________




7. Diagram below shows a cross section of two types of valve that present in human body.

a) i. Name the valves below:

A:______________________________

B:______________________________

ii. State the function of structure A and structure B:

Structure A:

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Structure B:

b) State two different in terms of their characteristic between structure A and

structure B

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

c) Name the structure that connects between structure A and structure B

_____________________________________________________________________

d) State two characteristics mentioned in 7c.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________




8. Diagram below shows the double circulatory system of a human

a) i. What are the types of circulatory does this double circulatory consist of?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

ii. State the function of these circulatory systems

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

b) What are the advantages of animals having double circulatory system?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

c) The gaseous exchange happens in the lungs and in body cells. What is the name of

the cells that carries the oxygen and explains how it is transported from alveolus to

the body cells?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________




9. Diagram below shows blood tissue with its respective cells and its functions.

a) i. Label the above diagram with its respective cell name.

ii. List five substances that exist in the blood plasma

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

b) What is the protein in the cells that helps to carry oxygen

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

c) What will this structure turn in to if it combines with oxygen on carbon monoxide?

Oxygen :____________________________________________

Carbon monoxide: ________________________________________

d) State one more function of blood tissue for mammals

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

e) What will happen to an individual if he or she has lost allot of blood?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________




10. Table below shows a set of recipient and donors of blood.

a) Complete the table above by marking + or – to indicate the compatibility or incompatibility

of blood between the donor and recipient.

b) A person with a blood group O are also known as

__________________________________________________________________________

c) A person with a blood group AB are also known as

__________________________________________________________________________

d) What will happen to a person with blood group A if his blood is mixed with blood group AB

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

e) What is the term used to describe the transferring of blood from on person to another?

___________________________________________________________________________




11. Diagram below shows a plant that conducts a specific process

a) i. What is the name of this process?

_____________________________________________________________________

ii. What are the factors that affect the rate of this process?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

b) i. What will happen if the plant is taken out from the soil and placed on a dry beaker

and left it for 4 days without water supply?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

c) Name the vessel that transports water and mineral salts from the root to the shoot

of the plant

____________________________________________________________________

d) i. Name the structure that allows the water to be evaporated from the leaves

____________________________________________________________________

ii. The opening and closing of the structure is controlled by




______________________________________________________________

12. Diagram below shows the cross section of the root and stem of a dicotyledonous plant.

X:_______________________________ Y:_______________________________

a) i. Name the structure X and Y in the space provided above

ii. Label the location of xylem and phloem vessels on both the structures

b) i. If the root of the plants is placed in a water that is red in colour. Which structure will

be coloured red?

________________________________________________________________________

ii. State your reason for the answer in b) i

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

c) What is the function of the structure phloem?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

d) Tree girdling is a method to kill a plant. Explain how this process is done and how it

affects the tree?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________




13. Diagram below shows the structure of female reproductive system.

a) Name the structures labelled W, X, Y and Z.

W:___________________________________________

X:____________________________________________

Y:____________________________________________

Z:____________________________________________

b) Define fertilisation process

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

c) Which one of these structure does the fertilisation process occurs

___________________________________________________________________________

d) Name the two types of hormones that is involved in the secondary sexual development of

females

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

e) Name the surgical method that is conducted to prevent pregnancy for female and male

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________




14.

a) i. What is the use of the flagellum or also known as the tail for the sperm?

_____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ii. How many sperm is needed to fertilise the ovum cell?

iii. Name the hormone that develops the secondary sexual development in

males

______________________________________________________________

b) Diagram below show the menstruation cycle in female reproductive system




i. Based on the above diagram name the process that happens during each phases below.

Day 1 – Day 5 :____________________________________________________________

Day 6 – Day 12:___________________________________________________________

Day 13 – Day 15 __________________________________________________________

Day 16 – Day 28:__________________________________________________________

ii. What happens to the uterus lining after day 16th if fertilisation process happened during

day 14th?

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

iii. Why females should maintain their hygiene level from day 1 until the 5th day ?

________________________________________________________________________

c) What are the physical methods to prevents pregnancy

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

d) Diagram below show a foetus in mother’s womb

i. What is the function of placenta and umbilical cord?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

ii. What are the structures that protect the baby from receiving shocks?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________




15. Diagram below shows several asexual reproduction diagrams.

a) i. Label P,Q,R and S with its appropriate asexual method of reproduction

ii. State two advantage of asexual reproduction

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

b) Give another example of organism that does the same asexual reproduction with

organism S.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

P:

Q:

R:

S: S:




16. Diagram below shows the reproductive structure of a flower.

a. i. Label the structure above

ii. Name the male reproductive system of the flower

_________________________________________________________

iii. Name the female reproductive system of the flower

_________________________________________________________

b) Diagram below shows several pollination process of a flowering plant

i. Name the type of pollination for the labelled numbers above.

1._____________________________

2._____________________________

3._____________________________




ii. State the advantage of the pollination type number 3

__________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

c) Diagram below shows a process of seed germination from fertilisation of male and

female gametes of a flowering plant.

i. Why is this process is known as double fertilisation

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

ii. How did the endosperm and embryo was formed

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

d) Diagram below shows two types of seed germination process




i. Name the type of germations

Type A:_______________________________

Type B: _______________________________

ii. Does the seed conduct photosynthesis process? Why?

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

17. Diagram below shows the growth curve of human.

a. i. Label all the phases above

ii. Which phase shows the rapid growth of both the genders

_____________________________________________________________

iii. During which phase the females will look taller and bigger than males

_____________________________________________________________

iv. What are the types of nutrition that the child from will need to consume

more?

_____________________________________________________________




18. Diagram below shows a reaction between a metal and acid.

a. Through this reaction gas X is collected in a test tube. Name Gas X

______________________________________________________________________

b. Write the reactions equations in words

i. _______________________________________________________________

ii. How can we test gas X and what will be the result.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

c. What are the products of reaction between Magnesium Carbonate and heat?

___________________________________________________________________________

d. How can we produce a lime water in laboratory?

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

e. Silicon is tested with water, acid and heat. What are the results for each of these tests?

__________________________________________________________________________

f. Give two example of metal silicates




___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

19. Diagram below shows an experiment to observe the reactivity rates of metals with

oxygen .

a. In the test tube, three crucible are filled with three different type of metals

i. State the function of potassium manganate (vii) crystals

_____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

ii. If metal X reacted faster than metal Y, and metal Z reacted faster than metal X, write

down the examples of metals in the space provided below.

X

Y

Z

iii. Write down the word equation for metal Y for the reaction that had happened in the

experiment.

_____________________________________________________________________

iv. Name the gas formed in the other test tube

_____________________________________________________________________

b. Magnesium sulphide is heated. The gas released by this reaction can be tested by using

which solution? State the result of this experiment

_______________________________________________________________________

c. Give three examples of natural calcium carbonate

___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

d. State one use of quick lime and slake lime each.




___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________

20. Diagram below shows a series circuit

a. Draw an arrow to show the direction of the current flow in the diagram above.

b. Calculate the total resistant of this series circuit

c. If the resistant is replaced with three identical bulbs, state the brightness of each of

the bulbs

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

d. State two advantage of series circuit

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

e. State two disadvantage of this circuit

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________




21. Diagram below shows a parallel circuit.

a. Calculate the total resistant of this circuit

b. Draw a voltage meter and an ampere meter in any location on the circuit above.

c. What is the total current value of this circuit

d. State two advantage of this circuit

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

e. State two disadvantage of this circuit

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________




22. Diagram below shows an experiment to create magnetic field using electricity

a. What type of current is used in this experiment?

_____________________________________________________________________

b. Draw an arrow to indicate the current flow in the diagram above

c. State the direction of magnetic field created

d. Label the north and south poles created by the magnet on the diagram above.

e. What is the scientific term used to describe this study?

_________________________________________________________________

f. State one use of this phenomena in industry

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

g. Formation of lightning is due to?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________




23. Diagram below shows how the electricity is produced and how the current flows in to

industrial areas, offices and resident does.

a. State the name of transformer X and Transformer Y.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

b. State the function of transformer X

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

c. List down one difference in terms of its characteristics of transformer X and

transformer Y.

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

d. Label the diagram below




e. If an electrical appliance needs a current flow of 12A. What will be the value of the

fuse used in the three Pin Plug?

_____________________________________________________________________

f. What is the function of a fuse?

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

g. Diagram below shows the amount of power used per month.

Calculate the electricity bill if one unit is equals to 0.30 cents.

h. If an oven uses 800 Watt and the voltage supplied is 240V, Calculate the curre

24.

a. What is the name of the galaxy that is nearest to our galaxy

_______________________________________________________________

b. Below is a structure of our sun




c. Name the process in P that produces light and heat energy

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

d. Q is one of the phenomenon that occurs on the surface of the sun. Label this

phenomenon on the diagram.

e. R and Q are phenomenon on the sun name on effect of this phenomenon to our

earth

____________________________________________________________________

f. What are the uses of constellation of stars for humans

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

g. Diagram below shows the formation and the death of a star. What is Q, R and S




Answering technique

The PMR science exam consists of two papers: Paper 1 (40 marks)

40 objective questions.

One hour to complete the paper.

Cover all 27 Science topics from Form One to Form Three.

There will be at least one question from each topic.

The questions are broken down into:

50% easy questions; that is about 20 questions.

30% moderate questions; that is about 12 questions.

20% difficult question; that is about eight questions.

Paper 2 (60 marks)

Section A consists of six questions for 40 marks.

Section B consists of two questions for 20 marks.

Only questions from selected topics will be asked.

Answers can be written all in English or all in Bahasa Melayu or a combination of both language [Please do not combine both languages in the same sentence!]

You may answer part of the question in one language and the other part in the other language.

The questions are broken down into:

50% easy questions; that is about 30 marks.

30% moderate questions; that is about 18 marks.

20% difficult questions; that is about 12 marks.

The type of questions commonly asked in Paper 2 are:

Labelling questions

Classification

Questions based on experiments




Chemical tests

Calculation

Principles of science

Drawing

Structured questions

General questions

The last question in Paper 2 is usually question number 8, which carries 12 marks. This question will be based on an experiment where you have to write down: Readings [Make sure the unit of measurement you use is correct]

Variables

Constant variable [This is the fixed variable]

Manipulated variable [This is the factor that is changed in the experiment to get the specific result. ie: Length of wire (cm)]

Responding variable [This comes from the readings or the results of the experiment. ie: Ammeter reading]

Aim of experiment

Example: To study/investigate the relationship between the manipulated and the responding variable.

Hypothesis

This shows the relationship between the manipulated and the responding variable.

Writing format: “When the manipulated variable increases/decreases, the responding variable will increase/decrease.”

Observation

What can be observed or what you can see.

Plot a line or bar chart

Prediction

This will be based on your graph, where you have to predict a reading for the responding variable when given a value for the manipulated variable.

Example of a question: From the graph, find out the value of T when the mass is 10g.

Inference

This is the early conclusion based on your observations.




Example: The change in the responding variable depends on the manipulated variable.

Conclusion This is the same as the hypothesis.

Note: It is very important to get your manipulated variable and the

responding variable correct Example :...Question 8: A group of students carried out an experiment, using a spring and a set of slotted weights as shown in the diagram below, to investigate the relationship between the length of the spring and the weight

Number of slotted weights Extension of spring / cm

1 10

2 20

3 30

4 40

5 50

1. State the variables that are involved in the experiment

http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pj4SGijV1_U/TVivsdXUJ2I/AAAAAAAAAYY/eka_FyO0AKE/s1600/slotted+weight.jpg




Manipulated variable => Number of slotted weights. Common error: Students only write “weights”. You must write out the answer in full.

Responding variable => The answer should be the variable that when changed will affect the reading.

Tutor’s comment: Look at the table 1, the first column is the

manipulated variable and the second column is the responding

variable.

2. What is the aim of this experiment?

Answer: To investigate the relationship between the number of slotted

weights and the extension of the spring.

Tutor’s comment: It is to investigate the relationship between the

manipulated variable and the responding variable.

3. What is the inference that you can make based on this experiment?

Answer: The extension of the spring increase because the number of

slotted weights increase.

4. What is the relationship between the force applied to the

spring and the extension of the spring?

Answer: When the force applied to the spring increases, the extension of

the spring increases.




5. Based on the data, draw a graph to show the relationship between

the length of the spring and the number of slotted weights.

Tutor’s comment: Use a pencil when drawing the graph. If

the question did not specify which type of graph to draw, draw a

line graph.

Predict the length of the spring if 6 slotted weights are used.

Answer: 60cm

Tutor’s comment: Draw the corresponding lines on your graph

and get the reading from the graph.

What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment?

Answer: When the number of slotted weights increases, the

extension of the spring also increases.

Tutor’s comment: The conclusion will be the same as your

hypothesis, that is “When the manipulated variable

increase/decreases, the responding variable will

increase/decrease.”

http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_vK2Yw79fUBk/S-m85tn_oaI/AAAAAAAAAjc/mXZtGdIgpLQ/s1600/graph+slotted+weight.jpg




Diagram 8.1 shows the air pressure on the preassure gauge of a scuba divers equipment on

different depth of sea.

Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan tekanan udara pada tolok tekanan bagi peralatan penyelam

skuba pada kedalaman laut yang berbeza.

(a) Based on the observation in Diagram 8.1:

Berdasarkan pemerhatian pada Rajah 8.1 :

(i) State the difference in air pressure between situation P and situation Q. Nyatakan

perbezaan tekanan udara antara situasi P dan situasi Q.

____________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

[1 markah]

(ii) Write one inference about the air pressure between situation P and situation Q.

Tulis satu inferens tentang tekanan udara antara situasi P dan situasi Q.

____________________________________________________________

[1 mark]

[1 markah]




Diagram 8.2 shows an experiment carried out by student to study the factor that affects air

pressure. The piston are pushed slowly inwards to compress the air inside the syringe. The

volume and the pressure gauge reading are recorded on Table 8.1.

Rajah 8.2 menunjukkan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji faktor yang mempengaruhi tekanan

udara. Omboh ditolak dengan perlahan ke dalam untuk memampatkan udara di dalam picagari.

Isipadu dan bacaan tolok tekanan direkodkan pada Jadual 8.1.




Contoh soalan yang biasa ditanya ialah:

1. Menyatakan perbandingan

Contoh soalan: State one difference between............................ / Nyatakan satu perbezaan diantara......................

Untuk menjawab soalan ini, calon mesti melihat perbezaan yang terdapat didalam rajah dan buat perbandingan.

Contoh: Belalang dalam bekas J telah mati manakala belalang dalam bekas K masih hidup.

Contoh: Mentol A menyala lebih terang manakala mentol B menyala dengan malap




.....................................................manakala.............................................................

(Situasi 1) (Situasi 2)

2. Menyatakan inferens

Sebab atau penerangan daripada pemerhatian.

Mulai PMR 2012, calon diwajibkan menggunakan perkataan kerana dan bukan lagi bergantung kepada atau mempengaruhi atau dipengaruhi.Pemerhatian kebiasaannya adalah pembolehubah bergerakbalas.

Contoh: Mentol A menyala lebih terang kerana rintangannya rendah.

.......................................................................... kerana .................................................................

(Pemerhatian-RV) (Sebab)

3. Merekod bacaan

Mengukur suatu kuantiti dari rajah dan dicatatkan di dalam jadual.

Calon mesti mempunyai kemahiran untuk mengukur dengan memberi jawapan yang paling tepat.

Contoh: Record the time taken for the..................................

4. Meramal

Meramal suatu kuantiti dan dinyatakan dalam bentuk angka, julat atau ayat.

Contoh: Predict the time taken for the..........................

Contoh jawapan: 10s(angka) , 5 – 15 s(julat) , lebih daripada 5s(ayat)

5. Memplot graf atau carta bar




Markah 1:Memindahkan titik dari jadual ke graf dengan tepat

Markah 2:Menyambungkan titik-titik untuk membina garis hingga ke asalan(bagi graf) atau melukis bar dengan tepat

6. Membuat hipotesis / hubungan

Kenyataan yang menghubungkan di antara pembolehubah manipulasi(MV) dengan

pembolehubah bergerakbalas (RV)

Contoh: The longer the wire, the lower the current. / Semakin panjang wayar, semakin berkurang arus.

Semakin.......................................,semakin...............................................

(MV) (RV)

7. Menyatakan pembolehubah

Manipulated variable(MV) - pembolehubah yang boleh diubah-ubah seperti saiz,bentuk,bilangan, suhu dan sebagainya.

Responding variable(RV) - hasil keputusan eksperimen yang dicatat

Constant variable-kuantiti yang ditetapkan agar tidak mempengaruhi keputusan lain

Peringatan: Radas tidak boleh dipertimbangkan sebagai pembolehubah.

Contoh: Jenis radas

Cara menulis pembolehubah:

Mesti tulis parameter untuk setiap pembolehubah

Contoh: panjang spring / ketebalan spring / jisim logam / saiz bahan / isipadu cecair / jenis spring

Jika calon tulis ‘spring’ sahaja maka jawapan adalah salah.

Pembolehubah boleh dikenalpasti daripada jadual dan graf

1. Dari jadual:




2. Dari graf:

Paksi X - Manipulated variable (MV) Paksi Y - Responding variable (RV)

8. Menyatakan definisi secara operasi

Contoh soalan: State the operational definition for rate of dissolving. / Nyatakan




definisi secara operasi bagi kadar keterlarutan.

Jawapan:

Rate of dissolving is time taken for the salt to dissolve. / Kadar keterlarutan ialah masa yang diambil untuk garam melarut.

Cara menjawab:

Rate of dissolving is .................................................................................

(Wajib tulis semula) (RV)

Jika calon tulis jawapan seperti berikut: is rate of dissolving ( jawapan calon adalah salah )

Jika calon tidak pasti jawapan untuk RV maka langkah terakhir yang calon boleh lakukan adalah dengan merujuk kepada pembolehubah bergerakbalas (RV) pada paksi-Y dan tulis pada ruang jawapan.

pmr science form 3 tips

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