pneumonic plague
DESCRIPTION
Pneumonic Plague. By: Samantha Hatfield & Rachel Irwing. What is it?. A severe lung infection that affects humans and animals. Cause. The Yersina Pestis bacteria . Yersina Pestis. Can survive up to one hour after being released into the air (varies depending on conditions) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
By: Samantha Hatfield & Rachel Irwing
Pneumonic Plague
A severe lung infection that
affects humans and animals
What is it?
The Yersina Pestis bacteria
Cause
Can survive up to one hour after being released into the air (varies depending on conditions)
Can be easily destroyed by sunlight and drying
Found in rodents and fleas
Yersina Pestis
Symptoms usually appear 2-3 days after exposure
Symptoms
FeverHeadacheWeaknessShortness of breathChest painCoughBloody/watery sputum (mucus that is coughed up from the
lower airways)Rapidly developing pneumonia Pneumonia may progress for 2-4 days causing
repiratory/shock*Lower airways: trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, lungs
Symptoms
Spreads from person to person by inhaling the bacteria released in air
Also spreads by:SalivaCoughingFecal/oral routesSurfacesBlood/needles/transfusionsSexual contactMother to fetus
Transmission
Early treatment is essential To reduce death patients should take
antibiotics within 24 hours of first symptoms
Treatments
Medications that are given:StreptomycinGentamicinTetracyclinesChloramphenicol
Wearing a close fitting mask around an infected person may help someone in close contact with them
A patient that has been taking antibiotics for 7 days also reduces the chances of contamination
Treatments
There are two types of Pneumonic PlaguePrimary- Inhalation/direct contamination of
Y.Pestis bacteriaSecondary- If Bubonic or Septicemic plague
goes untreated it allows the bacteria to spread to the lungs
Pneumonic Plague is also 1 of the 3 plagues also known as “Black Death”Three types of Plague
PneumonicBubonic Septicemic
Facts
Ring Around the RosieOriginated from the symptoms of the 3 types of
plague "The invariable sneezing and falling down in modern English versions
have given would-be origin finders the opportunity to say that the rhyme dates back to the Plague. A rosy rash, they allege, was a symptom of the plague, and posies of herbs were carried as protection and to ward off the smell of the disease. Sneezing or coughing was a final fatal symptom, and "all fall down" was exactly what happened.“
The line “Ashes, Ashes” can be interpreted as the many bodies being incinerated during an outbreakThere were so many deaths bodies were
lining the streets
Facts
There is currently no vaccine in the U.S. for this plague
Pneumonic is the only type of plague that can be spread from person to person
A person is not contagious until the bacteria reaches the lungs
Listed as a “rare disease”The Office of Rare Disease of National
Institutes of Health
Facts
The first major epidemic was in 540 Pelusium, EgyptReached Constantinople in 542In the following decade spread to Europe &
AsiaThe last major pandemic was in 1855-1896
worldwide, but mostly occurred in China & India 12 million people died
Facts
BioterrorismY. Pestis was used as a weaponReleased clouds of bacteria into countriesBrought infected people to opposing countries
on ships to kill off populationBecame a common tactic not only with plague
Facts
Affects less than 200,000 people in the U.S. populationWhich is why it is classified as a rare disease
With treatment there is a 5% mortality rateWithout treatment there is a 100% mortality rateAn estimated 75 million people died in Europe ( about
30-60% of their populationA 1970 World Health Organization (WHO) assessment
asserted that in a worst-case scenario a dissemination of 50 kg of Y. Pestis in an aerosol cloud over a city of 5 million might result in 150,000 cases of pneumonic plague. Of those, 80,000 to 100,000 cases would require hospitalization, and 36,000 victims would be expected to die.
Statistics
www.bt.cdc.govwww.diagnosis.comUHAVAX.HARTFORD.EDU/BUGL/
HISTEPI.HTMwww.gohsep.la.gov/factsheets/
FactsAboutPneumonicPlague.htmplague.emedtv.com/pneumonic-plague/
pneumonic-plague.html
Work Cited