pocket slovene

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6 POCKET START16 THE SLOVENE ALPHABET20 SLOVENE GRAMMAR IN 7 STEPS28 GREETINGS30 GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER34 BASIC EXPRESSIONS42 NUMBERS46 TIME54 TRAFFIC62 TOURISM70 IN THE RESTAURANT78 FRUIT AND VEGETABLES82 IN THE SHOP / AT THE STORE88 SERVICES92 PROBLEMS96 HEALTH100 WEATHER104 YOU AND I108 IN SLOVENIA WITH CHILDREN110 IN SLOVENIA ON BUSINESS116 SLOVENIA IN THE EU118 TAKING SLOVENIA HOME

Žepna slovenščina

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ovitek_angl_ZDA.ai 1 21.10.2014 18:56:53ovitek_angl_ZDA.ai 1 21.10.2014 18:56:53

ZepnaSLO_EN_ak8.indd 1 21.10.2014 19:00:15

POCKET SLOVENE

ŽEPNA SLOVENŠČINA

Ljubljana 2014


6 POCKET START

Pocket Slovene

Of course, you cannot put Slovene in your pocket, for it is a big language you can use to describe the whole world – either as it is or as you would like it to be. But if you would like to learn about the part of the world, where Slovene is at home, then having this book in your pocket will be a great help.

How? In many ways. Perhaps one July day you will be waiting in the garden of a Slovene restaurant downtown for the tables and chairs to dry after a thunderstorm. Order yourself a glass of Cockta (a Slovene Coke – give it a try, it is caffeine free), take the book from your pocket and turn to a favourite/favorite page. For example, page 96. You read oko, eye; uho, ear. Then go to page 58: levo, left; desno, right. Good. Now use your levo in desno oko, levo in desno uho: look around to see if there are any signs in Slovene and listen to see if you can recognize any words among the chatting at the tables … look levo and desno. If anyone is looking at you in a friendly way, say: dober dan. If they ask you to join them, say: o, hvala! If they ask if you want a drink, say: ja, prosim. And when they find out, that you are getting to know Slovene they will most likely immediately start a special Slovene course just for you. If you do well, they will say: bravo – and you will know a Slovene word that isn't even in your book. You can follow the same scenario in the winter, at a mountain lodge, only


7ŽEPNI ZAČETEK

this time we recommend you order čaj. Or in the middle of Ljubljana or Maribor – although there it is more likely that people will want to speak English to you.

But why should you even bother with Slovene? If you are reading this, you probably already know the answer. Because you are curious and it seems like an interesting language that in addition to a singular and plural also has a dual, and which developed where the Slavic, Romance and Germanic cultures meet. If you are still in doubt, let us tell you something: although we Slovenes are proud of our knowledge of foreign languages, we are still very happy when foreign visitors speak at least a little slovensko to us. Of course, you will also come across people who do not know a foreign language, especially if you go outside the towns and away from the main tourist routes (which we strongly recommend). There are also many signs and other texts that you will find written only in Slovene. In other words, with Pocket Slovene a great many more doors will be open to you in Slovenia than without it.

Can you get Slovene from your pocket into your head? And into your ears and mouth? Of course you can. You won't be the first or the last. And when basic phrases no longer seem enough and you want to have a more thorough grounding in modern Slovene, we have a suggestion: an intensive summer or winter course in Slovene, with a rich and lively accompanying


8 POCKET START

programme/program, is only a click away at www.centerslo.net. And you will know Slovene like the "inside of your pocket" (as we say in Slovene), or, as the English saying has it, like the back of your hand!

User guidelines

Before you begin in earnest, just a few words on how to find your way around this booklet.

On the following pages, there are some interesting facts about Slovenia, its people, and the language. Then there is the Slovene alphabet, followed by the grammar of the language in seven steps. The main part of the booklet consists of 21 chapters, containing the most urgently needed words and phrases.


9ŽEPNI ZAČETEK

At the end of some chapters, under the heading "Did you know …?," you will find points of interest and hints about particular aspects of Slovene culture to help you avoid culture shock.

As a rule, in phrases the formal mode of address is used (although we all know that there is also an informal one).

Wherever possible, both feminine and masculine forms are given (you can read a bit about the political correctness of Slovene, pocket or otherwise, on the following pages).

The symbol / denotes alternatives and British/American English words, the symbol ... a free choice of words with phrases.

Finally, as we are sure that you will be speaking Slovene out loud, you are bound to welcome this bit of information: for every word with more than one syllable the stress is marked in bold.


14 POCKET START

Slovene is one of the smallest languages into which Microsoft Office has been translated.

Slovene is the official language of the Republic of Slovenia; since 1st May 2004 it has also been an official language of the European Union.

Almost two million people in Slovenia speak Slovene, and it is also spoken outside Slovenia's borders by several hundred thousand members of the Slovene minorities in Italy, Austria, Hungary, and Croatia, as well as by Slovenes living in Argentina, Australia, Canada, the U.S. and many European countries.

Slovene is certainly not a small language: in terms of the numbers of speakers it is in the top 3% of the world's languages.

By using Pocket Slovene you are increasing that percentage. Slovene is a Slavic language, which means that if you speak Slovene, you are only a step away from 400 million speakers of these languages.

There are around fifty Slovene dialects, which are sometimes so different that their speakers have difficulties understanding each other (so it is a good thing we have the standard language to fall back on).


19

A car M museum

B bank N nose

C tsunami O opera, yawn

Č chips P police

D document R reception

E lemon, echo S sandwich

F film Š shop

G gallery T taxi

H hotel U moon

I internet V video

J yogurt Z zebra

K coffee Ž treasure

L lemon

SLOVENSKA ABECEDA


20 SLOVENE GRAMMAR IN 7 STEPS

1. Slovene is romantic.

As well as singular and plural forms, it also has a dual form.

singular dual plural

sedi sedita sedijo

sedeti (to sit)


jaz sedimI am sitting

midva sedivathe two of us are sitting

mi sedimowe are sitting

ti sedišyou are sitting

vidva seditathe two of you are sitting

vi sediteyou are sitting

on/ona sedihe/she is sitting

onadva seditathe two of them are sitting

oni sedijothey are sitting

When looking in a dictionary be aware that verbs in the infinitive end in -ti or -či.

sedeti (to sit) ali reči (to say).


21SLOVENSKA SLOVNICA V 7 KORAKIH

biti (to be)


jaz semI am

midva svathe two of us are

mi smowe are

ti siyou are

vidva stathe two of you are

vi steyou are

on/ona jehe/she is

onadva stathe two of them are

oni sothey are

Person and number are expressed with verbal endings, so no personal pronoun is needed, unless used for emphasis.

Midva govoriva slovensko. —> Govoriva slovensko.

The two of us speak Slovene.

Verbs are negated by simply adding ne in front. The verbs biti (to be) and imeti (to have) are negated differently.

Neither of us speak Slovene.

Ne govoriva slovensko.

Neither of us are ... Nisva ...

Neither of us have ... Nimava ...


30 GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER

How are you? Kako ste?

Good, thank you. Dobro, hvala.

What is your name? Kako vam je ime?

My name is … Ime mi je …

Where are you from? Od kod ste?

I am from … Sem iz …

the United Kingdom Združenega kraljestva

America Amerike

Austria Avstrije

Italy Italije

Germany Nemčije

Russia Rusije

It was nice (to meet you).

Me veseli (da sva se spoznala).


31SPOZNAJMO SE

This is Mrs. Mateja Novak. To je gospa Mateja Novak.

This is Mr. Peter Novak. To je gospod Peter Novak.

This is my … To je moja …

wife žena

sister sestra

mother mama

daughter hči

friend prijateljica

girlfriend punca

colleague kolegica/sodelavka

This is my … To je moj …

husband mož

brother brat

father oče

son sin

friend prijatelj

boyfriend fant

colleague kolega/sodelavec


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I like it here. Tukaj mi je všeč.

Slovenia is very beautiful. Slovenija je zelo lepa.

I am in Slovenia … V Sloveniji sem …

on holiday/vacation. na počitnicah.

on holiday/vacation. na dopustu.

on business. poslovno.

for the first time. prvič.

GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER


33

Did you know …?

In Slovenia, you are an adult when you are 18 years of age. The good news: you can enjoy some of the world's vices (for example, a shot of schnapps in a bar). The bad news: you become accountable for yourself.

When you become better acquainted, Slovenes like to invite you to their home. If you visit, do not be surprised if you are asked to take your shoes off and are given a pair of slippers.

SPOZNAJMO SE


34 BASIC EXPRESSIONS

Yes. Ja.

No. Ne.

Please. Prosim.

Thank you. Hvala.

You're welcome. / No problem.

Prosim./ Ni za kaj.

Sorry. Oprostite.

Could you help me? Mi lahko pomagate?

Could you (…)? Ali lahko (…)?

Of course. Seveda.

Maybe. Mogoče.

Unfortunately not. Žal ne.

I understand. Razumem.

I do not understand. Ne razumem.

I do not speak Slovene. Ne govorim slovensko.


35OSNOVNI IZRAZI

Do you speak …? Ali govorite …?

English angleško

Spanish špansko

German nemško

Italian italijansko

French francosko

Russian rusko

Chinese kitajsko

Could you please tell me …?

Mi lahko poveste, prosim, …?

Can I ask you something? Vas lahko nekaj vprašam?

What does that mean? Kaj to pomeni?

What is that? Kaj je to?


70 IN THE RESTAURANT

I would like ... (m) / I would like ... (f)

Rad bi …/ Rada bi …

a glass of wine kozarec vode

tap water navadno vodo

mineral water mineralno vodo

apple juice jabolčni sok

orange juice pomarančni sok

lemonade limonado

Cockta with ice kokto z ledom

Coca Cola without ice kokakolo brez ledu

tea pravi čaj

fruit tea sadni čaj

herbal tea zeliščni čaj

hot chocolate vročo čokolado

cocoa kakav

coffee with milk kavo z mlekom

coffee with cream kavo s smetano

latte belo kavo

lager beer svetlo pivo

dark beer temno pivo


71V RESTAVRACIJI



a small draught/draft beer malo točeno pivo

a large draught/draft beer veliko točeno pivo

red wine rdeče vino

white wine belo vino

schnapps žganje

Cheers! Na zdravje!

Where can I buy a sandwich?

Kje lahko kupim sendvič?

Where is there ...? Kje je …?

a good restaurant dobra restavracija

a restaurant with Slovenian food

gostilna s slovensko hrano

a pizzeria picerija

a good bar dober lokal/bar

a patisserie / sweets shop slaščičarna

a café kavarna

I'm a vegetarian. (m) / I'm a vegetarian. (f)

Sem vegetarijanec./ Sem vegetarijanka.


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What do you have for ...? Kaj imate za …?

breakfast zajtrk

lunch kosilo

supper večerjo

a snack malico

The menu, please. Jedilni list, prosim.

The wine list, please. Vinsko karto, prosim.

I would like something to eat. (m) /

I would like something to eat. (f)

Rad bi nekaj pojedel./ Rada bi nekaj pojedla.

I would like something to drink, please.

Samo nekaj za spit, prosim.

What do you recommend? Kaj priporočate?

IN THE RESTAURANT


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zobotrebecžlicakozarec

plastenka nož slamica

steklenica vilice skodelica

krožnik prtiček poper in sol

V RESTAVRACIJI


74



cold cuts narezek

beef soup govejo juho

mushroom soup gobovo juho

vegetable soup zelenjavno juho

turkey steak puranji zrezek

veal steak telečji zrezek

pork steak svinjski zrezek

breaded cutlet dunajski zrezek

fried chicken ocvrtega piščanca

roast chicken pečenega piščanca

a vegetarian dish zelenjavni krožnik

grilled vegetables zelenjavo na žaru

grilled meat meso na žaru

grilled fish ribe na žaru

pasta with ceps testenine z jurčki

rice riž

potatoes krompir

IN THE RESTAURANT


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a small pizza malo pico

a large pizza veliko pico

a green salad zeleno solato

a tomato salad paradižnikovo solato

a mixed salad mešano solato

bread kruh

oil olje

vinegar kis

salt sol

pepper poper

crêpes with jam palačinke z marmelado

ice cream sladoled

chocolate cake čokoladno torto

cake with fruit sadno torto

sugar sladkor

Bon appetit! Dober tek!

V RESTAVRACIJI


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The bill, please. Račun, prosim.

Can I pay with a card? Ali lahko plačam s kartico?

Where is the restroom? Kje je stranišče/WC?

Did you know …?

A typical Slovene Sunday lunch is comprised of beef soup, roast meat, sauté potatoes, green salad, and dessert.

JEDILNI LIST

predjed

juha

glavna jed

priloga

solata

sladica

MENU

starter/appetizer

soup

main dish

side dish

salad

dessert

IN THE RESTAURANT


77

If a Slovene invites you to a restaurant, they will most likely pay the bill. Slovene hosts usually want to pay, so it is no use arguing … much!

It is common to share a dish in a restaurant (even for adults).

A tip is not obligatory but you would usually round the bill up a bit.

In Slovenia, tap water (NAVADNA VODA) is drinkable everywhere, unless stated otherwise.

Alcohol is not served in bars before 10 am. Alcohol is not served to persons under 18 years of age.

Smoking is not permitted in enclosed public spaces.

V RESTAVRACIJI


Pocket Slovene/Žepna slovenščina

Authors/Avtorice: Tjaša Alič, Ina Ferbežar, Tanja Jerman, Mihaela Knez, Metka Lokar, Mojca Nidorfer Šiškovič, Nataša Pirih Svetina, Mojca Stritar

Foreword/Spremna beseda: Marko Stabej

Pocket Slovene/Žepna slovenščina is translation and adaptation of the book Pocket Slovene/Žepna slovenščina (1st edition 2008, design Marjan Paternoster). Published in the project Svetovni dnevi slovenskega jezika (World Festival of the Slovene Language) at the Slovene lectureships at foreign universities in languages: Bulgarian, Chinese, Czech, Croatian, Dutch, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Spanish, Ukrainian.

Edited by/Uredili: Mojca Nidorfer Šiškovič, Damjan Huber, Mateja Lutar, Matej Klemen, Luka Zibelnik, Nina Tramšek

Translation/Prevod: Students of Slovene at Cleveland State University: Lillian Centa, Marie Jagodnik, Vic Luzar, Maryann Mayer, Julie Opalek, Frank Praznik, Ann Marie Spice, Ron Sterling, Erika Zibelnik, Janice Zgodinski, Majda Zorman; and students of Slovene at the University of Nottingham: Olivia Hellewell, Katie Harrison, Christopher Lycett, Christopher O'Rourke, Jonathan Rowson, Magdalena Wiercioch


Mentorship/Mentorstvo: Matej Klemen (Nottingham), Luka Zibelnik (Cleveland)

Proofreading/Jezikovni pregled: Olivia Hellewell, Donald F. Reindl

Illustrations/Ilustracije: Alenka Čuk

Design and break/Oblikovanje in prelom: Ciril Hrovatin, Miro Pečar, Janko Mikuž, Lavoslava Benčić

© Univerza v Ljubljani, Filozofska fakulteta, 2014.

Published by/Založila: Znanstvena založba Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani

Issued by/Izdal: Center za slovenščino kot drugi/tuji jezik pri Oddelku za slovenistiko

The publisher/Za založbo: Branka Kalenić Ramšak, Dean/dekanja Filozofske fakultete

Print/Tisk: Birografika Bori d. o. o.

First printing/Prvi natis.

Ljubljana, 2014

Print run/Naklada: 300

Price/Cena: 5 EUR


POCKETSLOVENE

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9 789612 376871

6 POCKET START16 THE SLOVENE ALPHABET20 SLOVENE GRAMMAR IN 7 STEPS28 GREETINGS30 GETTING TO KNOW EACH OTHER34 BASIC EXPRESSIONS42 NUMBERS46 TIME54 TRAFFIC62 TOURISM70 IN THE RESTAURANT78 FRUIT AND VEGETABLES82 IN THE SHOP / AT THE STORE88 SERVICES92 PROBLEMS96 HEALTH100 WEATHER104 YOU AND I108 IN SLOVENIA WITH CHILDREN110 IN SLOVENIA ON BUSINESS116 SLOVENIA IN THE EU118 TAKING SLOVENIA HOME

Žepna slovenščina

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ovitek_angl_ZDA.ai 1 21.10.2014 18:56:53ovitek_angl_ZDA.ai 1 21.10.2014 18:56:53

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