TheEconomist

POCKETWORLDINFIGURES

2018Edition

PublishedbyProfileBooksLtd3HolfordYardBevinWay

LondonWC1X9HD

PublishedunderexclusivelicencefromTheEconomistbyProfileBooks,2017

Copyright©TheEconomistNewspaperLtd,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,

2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017

MaterialresearchedbyAndreaBurgess,LisaDavies,GrahamDouglas,MarkDoyle,IanEmery,ConradHeine,CarolHoward,DavidMcKelvey,GeorginaMcKelvey,GuyScriven,

ChristopherWilson

Allrightsreserved.Withoutlimitingtherightsundercopyrightreservedabove,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinorintroducedintoaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans(electronic,

mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise),withoutthepriorwrittenpermissionofboththecopyrightownerandtheabovepublisherofthisbook.

Thegreatestcarehasbeentakenincompilingthisbook.However,noresponsibilitycanbeacceptedbythepublishersorcompilersfortheaccuracyof

theinformationpresented.

ACIPcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary

eISBN9781782833055

Contents

IntroductionNotes

PartIWorldrankings

GeographyanddemographicsCountries:naturalfactsCountries:thelargestLargestexclusiveeconomiczonesMountains:thehighestRivers:thelongestDeserts:thelargestnon-polarLakes:thelargest

Population:sizeandgrowthLargestpopulations,2015Largestpopulations,2030Fastest-growingpopulationsSlowest-growingpopulations

Population:mattersofbreedingandsexTotalbirthsTeenagebirthsHighestandlowestfertilityratesHighestandlowestcontraceptionrates

Population:ageMedianagebiggestchangeover50yearsOldestandyoungestpopulations

CitylivingBiggestcitiesFastest-andslowest-growingcitiesBiggesturbanpopulationsHighestandlowesturbangrowthHighestandlowestruralgrowthCityliveabilityindexTallestbuildings

Migrants,refugeesandasylumseekersBiggestmigrantpopulationsBiggestdestinationcountryformigrantsRefugeesbycountryoforiginCountrieswithlargestrefugeepopulationsOriginofasylumapplicationstoindustrialisedcountriesCountrieswhereasylumapplicationswerelodged

EconomicsTheworldeconomyBiggesteconomiesBiggesteconomiesbypurchasingpowerRegionalGDPRegionalpurchasingpowerRegionalpopulationRegionalinternationaltrade

LivingstandardsHighestandlowestGDPperpersonHighestandlowestpurchasingpower

ThequalityoflifeHighestandlowesthumandevelopmentindexInequality-adjustedhumandevelopmentindexHighestandlowestGinicoefficient

EconomicgrowthHighesteconomicgrowthLowesteconomicgrowth

HighestservicesgrowthLowestservicesgrowth

TradingplacesBiggestexportersMostandleasttrade-dependentBiggesttradersofgoodsBiggestearnersfromservicesandincome

Balanceofpayments:currentaccountLargestsurplusesLargestdeficitsLargestsurplusesas%ofGDPLargestdeficitsas%ofGDPOfficialreservesOfficialgoldreservesWorkers'remittances

ExchangeratesTheEconomist’sBigMacindex

InflationHighestandlowestconsumer-priceinflationCommodityprices:changeHouseprices:change

DebtHighestforeigndebtHighestforeigndebtburdenHighestdebtanddebtserviceratiosHouseholddebt

AidLargestrecipientsLargestdonorsBiggestchangestoaid

IndustryandservicesLargestindustrialoutputHighestandlowestgrowthinindustrialoutput

LargestmanufacturingoutputLargestservicesoutput

AgricultureandfisheriesLargestagriculturaloutputMostandleasteconomicallydependentFisheriesandaquacultureproductionBiggestproducers:cereals,meat,fruit,vegetables,rootsandtubers

CommoditiesLeadingproducersandconsumersof:wheat,rice,sugar,coarsegrains,tea,coffee,cocoa,orangejuice,copper,lead,zinc,tin,nickel,aluminium,preciousmetals,rubber,cotton,majoroilseedsandvegetableoils,oil,naturalgas,coalTopprovedoilreserves

EnergyLargestproducersLargestconsumersMostandleastenergy-efficientHighestandlowestnetenergyimportersLargestconsumptionperpersonSourcesofelectricity

LabourmarketsHighestandlowestlabour-forceparticipationMostmaleandfemaleworkforcesHighestrateofunemploymentHighestrateofyouthunemploymentMinimumwageAveragehoursworkedPovertypay

BusinessBusinesscostsandforeigndirectinvestmentOfficerentsForeigndirectinvestment

Businesscreativityandresearch

EntrepreneurialactivityBraindrainsR&DexpenditureInnovationindex

BusinessesandbanksLargestnon-financialcompaniesLargestbanksLargestsovereign-wealthfunds

StockmarketsLargestmarketcapitalisationLargestgainsandlossesinglobalstockmarketsLargestvaluetradedNumberoflistedcompanies

PoliticsandsocietyPublicfinanceGovernmentdebtGovernmentspendingTaxrevenue

DemocracyMostandleastdemocraticMostandfewestparliamentaryseatsWomeninparliament

EducationHighestandlowestprimaryenrolmentHighestsecondaryenrolmentHighesttertiaryenrolmentLeastliterateHighestandlowesteducationspending

MarriageanddivorceHighestmarriageratesLowestmarriageratesHighestdivorcerates

LowestdivorceratesYoungestandoldestmeanageofwomenatfirstmarriage

Households,livingcostsandgivingBiggestnumberofhouseholdsAveragehouseholdsizeHighestandlowestcostoflivingWorldGivingIndex

Transport:roadsandcarsLongestroadnetworksDensestroadnetworksMostcrowdedroadnetworksMostroaddeathsFastest-growingcarownershipSlowest-growingcarownershipCarproductionCarssold

Transport:planesandtrainsMostairtravelBusiestairportsLongestrailwaynetworksMostrailpassengersMostrailfreight

Transport:shippingLargestmerchantfleetsbycountryofdomicileandcountryofregistration

CrimeandpunishmentMurdersRobberiesPrisoners

WarandterrorismDefencespendingArmedforcesArmstradersTerroristattacks

SpaceandpeaceSpacemissionsOrbitallaunchesGlobalPeaceIndex

EnvironmentBiggestemittersofcarbondioxideLargestamountofcarbondioxideemittedperpersonMostpollutedcapitalcitiesLowestaccesstoimprovedsanitationLowestaccesstoelectricityLargestforestsMostforestedBiggestdecreaseandincreaseinforestationMostdamsLargestreservoirsSlumsEnvironmentalPerformanceIndexWorstnaturalcatastrophes

HealthandwelfareLifeexpectancyHighestlifeexpectancyHighestmalelifeexpectancyHighestfemalelifeexpectancyLowestlifeexpectancyLowestmalelifeexpectancyLowestfemalelifeexpectancy

DeathratesandinfantmortalityHighestdeathratesHighestinfantmortalityLowestdeathratesLowestinfantmortality

DeathanddiseaseDiabetes

CardiovasculardiseaseChronicrespiratorydiseasesTuberculosisMeaslesandDPTimmunisationHIV/AIDSprevalenceanddeaths

HealthHighesthealthspendingLowesthealthspendingHighestandlowestpopulationperdoctorObesityHighestandlowestfooddeficits

CultureandentertainmentTelephonesandtheinternetMobiletelephonesLandlinetelephonesInternetusersBroadband

ArtsandentertainmentMusicsalesBookpublishingCinemaattendancesOscarnominationsbyethnicity

ThepressDailynewspapersPressfreedom

NobelprizewinnersPeaceMedicineLiteratureEconomicsPhysicsChemistryTotalwinsbycountryofbirth

SportschampionsandcheatsWorldCupwinnersandfinalists:men'sandwomen'sfootball,cricket,DavisCupwinnersSummerOlympics,athletessentpergoldmedalAnti-dopingruleviolations

VicesBeerdrinkersSmokersGamblinglosses

TourismMosttouristarrivalsBiggesttouristspendersLargesttouristreceipts

PartIICountryprofiles

WORLDRANKINGSQUIZGlossaryListofcountriesSources

Introduction

This2018editionofTheEconomistPocketWorldinFigurespresentsandanalysesdataabouttheworldintwosections:Theworldrankingsconsiderandranktheperformanceof185countriesagainstarangeofindicatorsinsixsections:geographyanddemographics,economics,business,politicsandsociety,healthandwelfare,andcultureandentertainment.Thecountriesincludedarethosewhichhad(in2015)apopulationofatleast1moraGDPofatleast$3bn;theyarelistedonpages250–53.Newrankingsthisyearincludetopicsasdiverseastheaveragenumberofbirths,biggestdestinationcountriesformigrants,largestmerchantfleetsbyflagsofconvenience,terroristattacks,dams,reservoirsandcountrieswithmosturbanpopulationlivinginslums.Someoftherankingsdataareshownaschartsandgraphs.

Thecountryprofileslookindetailat64majorcountries,listedonpage109,plusprofilesoftheeuroareaandtheworld.

TestyourPocketWorldinFiguresknowledgewithourWorldRankingsQuizonpages242–7.Answerscanbefoundinthecorrespondingworldrankingssection.

Notes

Theextentandqualityofthestatisticsavailablevaryfromcountrytocountry.Everycarehasbeentakentospecifythebroaddefinitionsonwhichthedataarebasedandtoindicatecaseswheredataqualityortechnicaldifficultiesaresuchthatinterpretationofthefiguresislikelytobeseriouslyaffected.Nevertheless,figuresfromindividualcountriesmaydifferfromstandardinternationalstatisticaldefinitions.Theterm"country"canalsorefertoterritoriesoreconomicentities.

Definitionsofthestatisticsshownaregivenontherelevantpageorintheglossaryonpages248–9.Figuresmaynotaddexactlytototals,orpercentagesto100,becauseofroundingor,inthecaseofGDP,statisticaladjustment.SumsofmoneyhavegenerallybeenconvertedtoUSdollarsattheofficialexchangeraterulingatthetimetowhichthefiguresrefer.

Somecountrydefinitions

MacedoniaisofficiallyknownastheFormerYugoslavRepublicofMacedonia.DataforCyprusnormallyrefertoGreekCyprusonly.DataforChinadonotincludeHongKongorMacau.ForcountriessuchasMoroccotheyexcludedisputedareas.Congo-KinshasareferstotheDemocraticRepublicofCongo,formerlyknownasZaire.Congo-BrazzavillereferstotheotherCongo.Euroareadatanormallyrefertothe19membersthathadadoptedtheeuroasatDecember312016:Austria,Belgium,Cyprus,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Portugal,Slovakia,SloveniaandSpain.Euroarea(18)excludesLithuania,whichadoptedtheeuroonJanuary12015.Euroarea(15)referstothe15countriesintheeuroareathataremembersoftheOECD.DatareferringtotheEuropeanUnionincludetheUK,whichinJune2016votedinareferendumtoleavetheEU.Negotiationsoverthecountry'sdeparturewilltakesometime.FormoreinformationabouttheEU,euroareaandOECDseetheglossaryonpages248–9.

Statisticalbasis

Theall-importantfactorinabookofthiskindistobeabletomakereliablecomparisonsbetweencountries.Althoughthisisneverquitepossibleforthereasonsstatedabove,thebestroute,whichthisbooktakes,istocomparedataforthesameyearorperiodandtouseactual,notestimated,figureswhereverpossible.Insomecases,onlyOECDmembersareconsidered.Whereacountry'sdataareexcessivelyoutofdate,theyareexcluded.Theresearchforthiseditionwascarriedoutin2017usingthelatestavailablesourcesthatpresentdataonaninternationallycomparablebasis.

Datainthecountryprofiles,unlessotherwiseindicated,refertotheyearendingDecember312015.Lifeexpectancy,crudebirth,deathandfertilityratesarebasedon2015–20estimatedaverages;energydataarefor2014andreligiondatafor2010;marriageanddivorce,employment,healthandeducation,consumergoodsandservicesdatarefertothelatestyearforwhichfiguresareavailable.

Otherdefinitions

Datashownincountryprofilesmaynotalwaysbeconsistentwiththoseshownintheworldrankingsbecausethedefinitionsoryearscoveredcandiffer.

Statisticsforprincipalexportsandprincipalimportsarenormallybasedoncustomsstatistics.Thesearegenerallycompiledondifferentdefinitionstothevisibleexportsandimportsfiguresshowninthebalanceofpaymentssection.

Energy-consumptiondataarenotalwaysreliable,particularlyforthemajoroil-producingcountries;consumptionperpersondatamaythereforebehigherthaninreality.Energyexportscanexceedproductionandimportscanexceedconsumptioniftransitoperationsdistorttradedataoroilisimportedforrefiningandre-exported.

Abbreviationsandconventions(seealsoglossaryonpages248–9)

bn billion(onethousandmillion)EU EuropeanUnionGDP grossdomesticproductGNI grossnationalincomeha hectarekg kilogramkm kilometrem millionPPP purchasingpowerparityTOE tonnesofoilequivalenttrn trillion(onethousandbillion)... notavailable

Worldrankings

Countries:naturalfacts

Countries:thelargesta’000sqkm

1 Russia 17,0982 Canada 9,9853 UnitedStates 9,8324 China 9,5635 Brazil 8,5166 Australia 7,7417 India 3,2878 Argentina 2,7809 Kazakhstan 2,72510 Algeria 2,38211 Congo-Kinshasa 2,34512 SaudiArabia 2,15013 Mexico 1,96414 Indonesia 1,91115 Sudan 1,87916 Libya 1,76017 Iran 1,745

Mongolia 1,564

18 Mongolia 1,56419 Peru 1,28520 Chad 1,28421 Niger 1,26722 Angola 1,24723 Mali 1,24024 SouthAfrica 1,21925 Colombia 1,14226 Ethiopia 1,10427 Bolivia 1,09928 Mauritania 1,03129 Egypt 1,00130 Tanzania 94731 Nigeria 92432 Venezuela 91233 Namibia 82434 Mozambique 79935 Pakistan 79636 Turkey 78537 Chile 75638 Zambia 75339 Myanmar 67740 Afghanistan 65341 SouthSudan 64442 Somalia 63843 CentralAfricanRep. 62344 Ukraine 60445 Madagascar 58746 Botswana 582

Kenya 580

47 Kenya 580

48 France 54949 Yemen 52850 Thailand 51351 Spain 50652 Turkmenistan 48853 Cameroon 47554 PapuaNewGuinea 46355 Morocco 447

Sweden 447 Uzbekistan 447

58 Iraq 43559 Paraguay 40760 Zimbabwe 39161 Norway 38562 Japan 37863 Germany 35764 Congo-Brazzaville 34265 Finland 33866 Malaysia 331

Vietnam 33168 IvoryCoast 322

LargestexclusiveeconomiczonesbMillionsqkm

Marineterritory

Landarea

1 UnitedStates 11.4 9.8322 France 11.0 0.549

3 Australia 8.5 7.7414 Russia 7.6 17.0985 UnitedKingdom 6.8 0.2446 NewZealand 6.7 0.2687 Indonesia 6.2 1.9118 Canada 5.6 9.9859 Japan 4.5 0.37810 Brazil 3.7 8.516 Chile 3.7 0.756

12 Mexico 3.2 1.96413 Denmark 2.5 0.04314 Norway 2.4 0.385 PapuaNewGuinea 2.4 0.463

16 India 2.3 3.28717 Portugal 1.7 0.092

aIncludesfreshwater.bAreaextending200nauticalmiles(370km)fromthecoast.

Mountains:thehighesta Location Height(m)

1 Everest China–Nepal 8,8482 K2(GodwinAusten) China–

Pakistan8,611

3 Kangchenjunga India–Nepal 8,5864 Lhotse China–Nepal 8,5165 Makalu China–Nepal 8,4636 ChoOyu China–Nepal 8,2017 Dhaulagiri Nepal 8,167

Manaslu Nepal 8,163

8Manaslu Nepal 8,163

9 NangaParbat Pakistan 8,12610 AnnapurnaI Nepal 8,091

Rivers:thelongest Location Length(km)

1 Nile Africa 6,6952 Amazon South

America6,516

3 Yangtze(ChangJiang) Asia 6,3804 Mississippi–Missourisystem North

America5,959

5 Ob’-Irtysh Asia 5,5686 Yenisey–Angara–Selanga Asia 5,5507 Yellow(HuangHe) Asia 5,4648 Congo Africa 4,667

Deserts:thelargestnon-polar Location Area(’000sq

km)1 Sahara NorthernAfrica 8,6002 Arabian South-western

Asia2,300

3 Gobi Mongolia/China 1,3004 Patagonian Argentina 6735 Syrian MiddleEast 5206 GreatBasin South-western

UnitedStates490

7 GreatVictoria WesternandSouthern

419

SouthernAustralia

8 GreatSandy WesternAustralia

395

Lakes:thelargest Location Area(’000sq

km)1 CaspianSea CentralAsia 3712 Superior Canada/United

States82

3 Victoria EastAfrica 694 Huron Canada/United

States60

5 Michigan UnitedStates 586 Tanganyika EastAfrica 337 Baikal Russia 31 GreatBear Canada 31

aIncludesseparatepeakswhicharepartofthesamemassif.Notes:Estimatesofthelengthsofriversvarywidelydependingon,eg,thepathtotakethroughadelta.Thedefinitionofadesertisnormallyameanannualprecipitationvalueequalto250mlorless.

Population:sizeandgrowth

Largestpopulationsm,2015

1 China 1,376.02 India 1,311.13 UnitedStates 321.84 Indonesia 257.65 Brazil 207.86 Pakistan 188.97 Nigeria 182.28 Bangladesh 161.09 Russia 143.510 Mexico 127.011 Japan 126.612 Philippines 100.713 Ethiopia 99.414 Vietnam 93.415 Egypt 91.516 Germany 80.717 Iran 79.118 Turkey 78.719 Congo-Kinshasa 77.320 Thailand 68.021 UnitedKingdom 64.722 France 64.423 Italy 59.8

SouthAfrica 54.5

24SouthAfrica 54.5

25 Myanmar 53.926 Tanzania 53.527 SouthKorea 50.328 Colombia 48.229 Kenya 46.1 Spain 46.1

31 Ukraine 44.832 Argentina 43.433 Sudan 40.234 Algeria 39.735 Uganda 39.036 Poland 38.637 Iraq 36.438 Canada 35.939 Morocco 34.440 Afghanistan 32.541 SaudiArabia 31.542 Peru 31.443 Venezuela 31.144 Malaysia 30.345 Uzbekistan 29.946 Nepal 28.547 Mozambique 28.048 Ghana 27.449 Yemen 26.850 NorthKorea 25.251 Angola 25.052 Madagascar 24.2

Australia 24.0

53 Australia 24.0

54 Taiwan 23.455 Cameroon 23.356 IvoryCoast 22.757 SriLanka 20.758 Niger 19.959 Romania 19.560 Syria 18.561 BurkinaFaso 18.162 Chile 17.963 Kazakhstan 17.6 Mali 17.6

65 Malawi 17.266 Netherlands 16.967 Guatemala 16.368 Zambia 16.269 Ecuador 16.170 Cambodia 15.6 Zimbabwe 15.6

72 Senegal 15.1

Largestpopulationsm,2030

1 India 1,527.72 China 1,415.53 UnitedStates 355.84 Indonesia 295.55 Nigeria 262.6

Pakistan 244.9

6 Pakistan 244.9

7 Brazil 228.78 Bangladesh 186.59 Mexico 148.110 Russia 138.711 Ethiopia 138.312 Philippines 123.613 Congo-Kinshasa 120.314 Japan 120.115 Egypt 117.116 Vietnam 105.217 Iran 88.518 Turkey 87.719 Tanzania 82.920 Germany 79.3

Note:Populationsincludemigrantworkers.

Fastest-growingpopulationsTotal%change,2010–20

1 Oman 63.62 Niger 49.23 Kuwait 41.14 SouthSudan 40.45 Qatar 38.86 Burundi 38.77 Uganda 38.38 Chad 38.19 Angola 37.8

Gambia,The 37.4

10Gambia,The 37.4

11 Congo-Kinshasa 36.712 Tanzania 36.413 Iraq 36.014 Lebanon 35.815 Zambia 35.716 Malawi 35.617 Senegal 35.018 Mali 34.919 BurkinaFaso 33.520 EquatorialGuinea 33.221 Madagascar 31.922 Mozambique 31.523 WestBank&Gaza 31.124 Guinea 30.425 Afghanistan 30.326 Benin 30.027 FrenchGuiana 29.928 Togo 29.829 Nigeria 29.730 Somalia 29.631 Congo-Brazzaville 29.4 Kenya 29.4

33 Liberia 28.634 Cameroon 27.9 Ethiopia 27.9

36 Mauritania 27.3 Yemen 27.3

38 IvoryCoast 27.0Guinea-Bissau 26.6

39 Guinea-Bissau 26.6

40 Rwanda 26.341 Eritrea 25.642 Ghana 25.5 Sudan 25.5

44 Jordan 25.345 Zimbabwe 25.046 Namibia 24.5

Slowest-growingpopulationsTotal%change,2010–20

1 Andorra -16.72 Lithuania -10.53 Latvia -8.24 Bulgaria -7.1 Romania -7.16 Georgia -6.47 Bermuda -4.78 Ukraine -4.39 Serbia -4.210 Portugal -4.011 Croatia -3.612 Hungary -3.313 Greece -3.214 Estonia -2.815 Bosnia&Herz. -2.016 Japan -1.817 Moldova -1.5

Belarus -1.3

18 Belarus -1.3

19 PuertoRico -0.9 Spain -0.9

21 Poland -0.422 Russia -0.223 Germany -0.124 Martinique 0.025 Italy 0.326 Cuba 0.5 Slovakia 0.5

28 CzechRepublic 0.6 Montenegro 0.6

30 VirginIslands(US) 0.931 Albania 1.1 Slovenia 1.1

33 Macedonia 1.3 Syria 1.3

35 Taiwan 2.136 Armenia 2.537 Malta 2.7 Monaco 2.7

39 Thailand 2.840 Barbados 2.941 Austria 3.142 ElSalvador 3.243 Netherlands 3.344 Mauritius 3.445 Jamaica 3.6 Uruguay 3.6Trinidad&Tobago 3.8

47 Trinidad&Tobago 3.8

48 Finland 4.049 Denmark 4.1

Population:mattersofbreedingandsex

TotalbirthsAverageannualnumber,m,2015–20

TeenagebirthsBirthsper1,000womenaged15–19,2015–20Highest

1 Niger 196.32 Mali 170.33 Angola 152.64 IvoryCoast 136.05 Guinea 135.46 Malawi 132.17 Mozambique 125.78 Congo-Kinshasa 120.99 Chad 114.910 Tanzania 114.411 SierraLeone 111.012 Gambia,The 110.213 Congo-Brazzaville 109.914 Madagascar 109.515 Zimbabwe 106.016 Nigeria 104.117 EquatorialGuinea 103.018 BurkinaFaso 101.6

Lowest

1 NorthKorea 0.42 SouthKorea 1.43 Switzerland 2.44 HongKong 2.9 Macau 2.96 Slovenia 3.1

7 Netherlands 3.58 Denmark 3.6 Japan 3.6

10 Singapore 3.711 Iceland 4.012 Maldives 4.113 Cyprus 4.514 Luxembourg 4.915 Germany 5.416 Oman 5.517 Austria 5.6 Italy 5.6

FertilityratesAveragenumberofchildrenperwoman,2015Highest

1 Niger 6.82 Burundi 6.1 Mali 6.14 Somalia 6.05 BurkinaFaso 5.9 Uganda 5.97 Zambia 5.78 Malawi 5.69 Angola 5.410 Afghanistan 5.3 SouthSudan 5.3

12 Ethiopia 5.2 Mozambique 5.2Nigeria 5.2

Nigeria 5.2

15 Benin 5.0 Timor-Leste 5.0

17 Guinea 4.9 Tanzania 4.9

19 Cameroon 4.8 SierraLeone 4.8

21 Congo-Brazzaville 4.7 Congo-Kinshasa 4.7 Liberia 4.7

24 Chad 4.6 EquatorialGuinea 4.6

26 Gabon 4.5 Rwanda 4.5 Togo 4.5

Lowest

1 Macau 1.0 Singapore 1.03 Taiwan 1.14 HongKong 1.25 Bosnia&Herz. 1.3 Poland 1.3 Romania 1.3 Slovenia 1.3 SouthKorea 1.3

10 Andorra 1.4 CzechRepublic 1.4 Germany 1.4Greece 1.4

Greece 1.4

Hungary 1.4 Italy 1.4 Japan 1.4 Serbia 1.4 Slovakia 1.4

Womenawhousemodernmethodsofcontraception2015orlatest,%Highest

1 China 82.52 UnitedKingdom 80.03 Thailand 76.54 CostaRica 75.75 Nicaragua 75.46 Brazil 75.27 HongKong 75.18 Uruguay 73.89 Cuba 72.310 Finland 72.2 France 72.2 Switzerland 72.2

13 Colombia 71.714 Norway 71.515 Canada 71.1

Lowest

1 SouthSudan 2.6Chad 2.9

2Chad 2.9

3 Guinea 4.64 Somalia 5.85 Congo-Kinshasa 8.56 Gambia,The 9.8 Niger 9.88 Montenegro 10.29 Benin 10.410 EquatorialGuinea 10.611 Nigeria 10.812 Mali 11.413 Mauritania 12.514 Angola 12.6 CentralAfricanRep. 12.6

aMarriedwomenaged15–49;excludestraditionalmethodsofcontraception,suchastherhythmmethod.

Population:age

Medianagea

Mostoldpeople%ofpopulationaged70orover,2015

1 Monaco 22.9

2 Japan 18.93 Italy 16.34 Germany 16.15 Greece 15.46 Portugal 15.07 Latvia 14.58 Lithuania 14.39 Estonia 13.810 Austria 13.7 Spain 13.7

12 Sweden 13.4

Mostyoungpeople%ofpopulationaged0–24,2015

1 Uganda 68.42 Niger 68.33 Chad 68.04 Angola 67.15 Mali 66.76 Somalia 66.67 Zambia 66.08 Gambia,The 65.8 Malawi 65.8

10 BurkinaFaso 65.5 Congo-Kinshasa 65.5

12 Mozambique 65.3

aAgeatwhichthereisanequalnumberofpeopleaboveandbelow.

Cityliving

BiggestcitiesaPopulation,m,2016

1 Tokyo,Japan 38.12 Delhi,India 26.53 Shanghai,China 24.54 Mumbai,India 21.45 SaoPaulo,Brazil 21.36 Beijing,China 21.2 MexicoCity,Mexico 21.28 Osaka,Japan 20.39 Cairo,Egypt 19.110 NewYork,US 18.611 Dhaka,Bangladesh 18.212 Karachi,Pakistan 17.113 BuenosAires,Argentina 15.314 Kolkata,India 15.015 Istanbul,Turkey 14.416 Chongqing,China 13.7 Lagos,Nigeria 13.7

18 Guangzhou,China 13.1 Manila,Philippines 13.1

20 RiodeJaneiro,Brazil 13.021 LosAngeles,US 12.3 Moscow,Russia 12.3

23 Kinshasa,Congo-Kinshasa 12.1Tianjin,China 11.6

24Tianjin,China 11.6

25 Paris,France 10.926 Shenzhen,China 10.827 Bangalore,India 10.5 Jakarta,Indonesia 10.5

29 London,UK 10.430 Chennai,India 10.231 Lima,Peru 10.132 Bogotá,Colombia 10.033 Seoul,SouthKorea 9.834 Johannesburg,SouthAfrica 9.635 Bangkok,Thailand 9.4 Nagoya,Japan 9.4

37 Hyderabad,India 9.238 Lahore,Pakistan 9.039 Chicago,US 8.840 Tehran,Iran 8.541 Wuhan,China 8.042 Chengdu,China 7.843 Nanjing,China 7.6 Ahmadabad,India 7.6

45 HoChiMinhCity,Vietnam 7.5 Dongguan,China 7.5

47 HongKong 7.448 Foshan,China 7.149 KualaLumpur,Malaysia 7.050 Baghdad,Iraq 6.8

Citygrowthb

Total%change,2010–20Fastest

1 SamutPrakan,Thailand 134.02 Batam,Indonesia 103.93 Mogadishu,Somalia 95.14 Ouagadougou,BurkinaFaso 93.16 Xiamen,China 90.87 Yinchuan,China 80.88 Denpasar,Indonesia 80.49 Abuja,Nigeria 77.010 CanTho,Vietnam 74.611 DaresSalaam,Tanzania 73.812 Zhongshan,China 73.713 Kannur,India 73.314 Suqian,China 72.515 Suzhou,China 72.016 Malappuram,India 71.717 Hama,Syria 70.918 Bamako,Mali 69.219 Huambo,Angola 68.2

Slowest

1 Dnipropetrovsk,Ukraine -9.32 Sendai,Japan -7.83 NizhniyNovgorod,Russia -7.74 Saratov,Russia -6.95 Donetsk,Ukraine -6.56 Zaporizhia,Ukraine -5.8

Khulna,Bangladesh -5.4

7 Khulna,Bangladesh -5.4

8 Pusan,SouthKorea -4.79 Yerevan,Armenia -3.910 Detroit,US -3.311 Perm,Russia -3.012 Thessaloniki,Greece -2.913 Buffalo,US -2.814 Havana,Cuba -2.615 Changwon,SouthKorea -2.0 Kitakyushu,Japan -2.0

17 Kharkiv,Ukraine -1.918 Sapporo,Japan -1.619 Daegu,SouthKorea -1.5

aUrbanagglomerations.Datamaychangefromyeartoyearbasedonreassessmentsofagglomerationboundaries.

bCitieswithapopulationofatleast750,000in2010.

Urbanpopulations%2020Highest

1 Bermuda 100.0 HongKong 100.0 Macau 100.0 Monaco 100.0 Singapore 100.06 Qatar 99.57 Guadeloupe 98.58 Kuwait 98.49 Belgium 98.0

Uruguay 96.0

10 Uruguay 96.0

11 Malta 95.9 VirginIslands(US) 95.9

13 Réunion 95.614 Japan 95.3

Lowest

1 Trinidad&Tobago 8.12 PapuaNewGuinea 13.33 Burundi 13.64 Liechtenstein 14.45 Malawi 17.36 Uganda 17.97 SriLanka 18.88 SouthSudan 20.19 Niger 20.310 Nepal 20.611 Swaziland 21.512 Ethiopia 21.813 Cambodia 22.014 Chad 23.4

UrbangrowthTotal%change,2010–20Highest

1 Rwanda 82.42 BurkinaFaso 74.83 Burundi 74.64 Uganda 71.0

Oman 70.8

5 Oman 70.8

6 Niger 70.27 Tanzania 67.88 Mali 65.39 Eritrea 63.510 Angola 61.411 Ethiopia 61.112 Madagascar 58.113 Laos 57.3

Lowest

1 Trinidad&Tobago -9.92 Latvia -5.93 Moldova -5.34 Lithuania -4.25 Estonia -4.06 Bulgaria -3.57 Ukraine -3.38 Serbia -3.19 Slovakia -2.010 Russia -1.411 PuertoRico -1.212 Armenia -1.113 Georgia -0.9

RuralgrowthTotal%change,2010–20Highest

1 Andorra 55.6Niger 42.5

2 Niger 42.5

3 SouthSudan 35.64 Uganda 33.05 Zimbabwe 32.96 Chad 31.87 Burundi 31.78 Oman 31.59 Malawi 29.710 Zambia 27.911 Eritrea 27.112 EquatorialGuinea 27.013 Iraq 26.614 Senegal 24.5

Lowest

1 Japan -50.82 Qatar -50.03 Netherlands -42.74 VirginIslands(US) -33.35 DominicanRep. -26.36 Uruguay -25.57 CostaRica -22.28 Malta -21.79 Réunion -19.610 Belarus -19.3 Thailand -19.3

12 China -19.113 Bulgaria -18.314 Albania -18.1

Cityliveabilitya100=ideal,0=intolerable,2016Best

1 Melbourne,Australia 97.52 Vienna,Austria 97.43 Vancouver,Canada 97.34 Toronto,Canada 97.25 Adelaide,Australia 96.6 Calgary,Canada 96.67 Perth,Australia 95.98 Auckland,NewZealand 95.79 Helsinki,Finland 95.610 Hamburg,Germany 95.011 Sydney,Australia 94.912 Montreal,Canada 94.813 Tokyo,Japan 94.714 Osaka,Japan 94.515 Zurich,Switzerland 94.3

Worst

1 Damascus,Syria 30.22 Tripoli,Libya 35.93 Lagos,Nigeria 36.04 Dhaka,Bangladesh 38.75 PortMoresby,PapuaNewGuinea 38.96 Algiers,Algeria 40.9 Karachi,Pakistan 40.98 Harare,Zimbabwe 42.69 Douala,Cameroon 44.0

Kiev,Ukraine 47.8

10 Kiev,Ukraine 47.8

11 Dakar,Senegal 48.312 Abidjan,IvoryCoast 49.713 Tehran,Iran 50.8

TallestbuildingsbHeight,metres

aEIUliveabilityindex,basedonarangeoffactorsincludingstability,healthcare,culture,education,infrastructure.

bCompleted.

Migrants,refugeesandasylumseekers

Migrantsabycountryoforiginm,2015

1 India 15.62 Mexico 12.33 Russia 10.64 China 9.55 Bangladesh 7.26 Pakistan 5.97 Ukraine 5.88 Philippines 5.39 Syria 5.010 UnitedKingdom 4.911 Afghanistan 4.812 Poland 4.413 Kazakhstan 4.114 Germany 4.015 Indonesia 3.916 WestBank&Gaza 3.617 Romania 3.418 Egypt 3.319 Turkey 3.120 UnitedStates 3.021 Italy 2.9 Myanmar 2.9

23 Morocco 2.8Colombia 2.6

24Colombia 2.6

Vietnam 2.626 Portugal 2.3 SouthKorea 2.3

28 France 2.129 Somalia 2.0 Uzbekistan 2.0

31 Sudan 1.932 Algeria 1.8 Malaysia 1.8 PuertoRico 1.8

35 Bosnia&Herz. 1.736 Nepal 1.6 SriLanka 1.6

38 Belarus 1.5 Brazil 1.5 BurkinaFaso 1.5 Iraq 1.5

42 Congo-Kinshasa 1.4 Cuba 1.4 ElSalvador 1.4 Peru 1.4

46 Canada 1.3 DominicanRepublic 1.3 Laos 1.3 Spain 1.3

50 Bulgaria 1.2 Cambodia 1.2 Haiti 1.2

Biggestdestinationcountryformigrantgroups’000,2015

1 Mexico 12,050.0 UnitedStates2 India 3,499.3 UnitedArabEmirates3 Russia 3,276.8 Ukraine4 Ukraine 3,270.0 Russia5 Bangladesh 3,171.0 India6 Kazakhstan 2,560.3 Russia7 Afghanistan 2,348.4 Iran8 China 2,307.8 HongKong9 WestBank&Gaza 2,142.8 Jordan10 Myanmar 1,978.3 Thailand11 Poland 1,930.1 Germany12 Philippines 1,896.0 UnitedStates13 PuertoRico 1,744.4 UnitedStates14 Turkey 1,656.0 Germany15 Syria 1,568.5 Turkey16 Algeria 1,430.7 France17 Vietnam 1,302.9 UnitedStates18 BurkinaFaso 1,294.3 IvoryCoast19 Indonesia 1,294.0 SaudiArabia20 UnitedKingdom 1,289.4 Australia

aLivingoutsidetheircountryofbirth.

Refugeesabycountryoforigin’000,2015

1 Syria 4,872.6Afghanistan 2,666.3

2 Afghanistan 2,666.3

3 Somalia 1,123.14 SouthSudan 778.75 Sudan 628.86 Congo-Kinshasa 541.57 CentralAfricanRep. 471.18 Myanmar 451.89 Eritrea 411.310 Colombia 340.211 Ukraine 321.312 Vietnam 313.213 Pakistan 297.814 Burundi 292.815 Rwanda 286.416 Iraq 264.117 China 212.918 Nigeria 168.019 Mali 154.220 SriLanka 121.4

Countrieswithlargestrefugeeapopulations’000,2015

1 Turkey 2,541.42 Pakistan 1,561.23 Lebanon 1,070.94 Iran 979.45 Ethiopia 736.16 Jordan 664.1

Kenya 553.9

7Kenya 553.9

8 Uganda 477.29 Congo-Kinshasa 383.110 Chad 369.511 Cameroon 343.012 Germany 316.113 Russia 314.514 Sudan 309.615 China 301.116 Iraq 277.717 UnitedStates 273.218 France 273.119 Yemen 267.220 SouthSudan 263.0

Applicationsforasylumbycountryoforigin’000,2015

1 Syria 782.32 Afghanistan 486.73 Iraq 300.64 Ukraine 177.75 Serbiab 133.6

6 Pakistan 92.87 Albania 74.28 Congo-Kinshasa 66.39 Eritrea 62.910 Iran 60.511 Nigeria 55.8

Somalia 44.2

12Somalia 44.2

13 Bangladesh 42.814 Ethiopia 36.915 Zimbabwe 36.316 China 30.717 Russia 28.718 Sudan 27.919 Myanmar 24.920 ElSalvador 22.9

Countrieswhereasylumapplicationswerelodged’000,2015

1 Serbiab 578.1

2 Germany 476.63 Hungary 351.64 Sweden 173.85 Russia 152.56 UnitedStates 136.07 Turkey 134.88 SouthAfrica 120.59 France 118.510 Austria 89.911 Italy 83.212 UnitedKingdom 53.313 Belgium 49.314 Netherlands 45.115 Switzerland 39.516 Norway 36.7

Uganda 35.9

17Uganda 35.9

18 Finland 29.519 Egypt 23.120 Denmark 22.7

aAccordingtoUNHCR.Includespeoplein"refugee-likesituations".bIncludesKosovo.

Theworldeconomy

BiggesteconomiesGDP,$bn,2015

1 UnitedStates 18,0372 China 11,2263 Japan 4,3824 Germany 3,3655 UnitedKingdom 2,8636 Francea 2,420

7 India 2,0888 Italy 1,8269 Brazil 1,80110 Canada 1,55311 SouthKorea 1,38312 Russia 1,36613 Australia 1,23014 Spain 1,19415 Mexico 1,15116 Indonesia 86117 Turkey 85918 Netherlands 75119 Switzerland 67120 SaudiArabia 65221 Argentina 63222 Taiwan 52523 Sweden 496

Nigeria 494

24 Nigeria 494

25 Poland 47726 Belgium 45527 Thailand 39928 Norway 38729 Austria 37730 Iran 37431 UnitedArabEmirates 37032 Egypt 33233 SouthAfrica 31534 HongKong 30935 Denmark 30136 Israel 29937 Singapore 29738 Malaysia 29639 Colombia 292 Philippines 292

41 Ireland 28342 Pakistan 27143 Venezuela 26044 Chile 243

BiggesteconomiesbypurchasingpowerGDPPPP,$bn,2015

1 China 19,6962 UnitedStates 18,0373 India 8,0034 Japan 5,119

Germany 3,860

5Germany 3,860

6 Russia 3,7607 Brazil 3,2168 Indonesia 2,8509 UnitedKingdom 2,70110 Francea 2,666

11 Mexico 2,23412 Italy 2,18613 Turkey 1,90814 SouthKorea 1,85615 SaudiArabia 1,70416 Canada 1,63717 Spain 1,61318 Iran 1,34719 Australia 1,14420 Thailand 1,11421 Taiwan 1,10222 Nigeria 1,09423 Egypt 1,07224 Poland 1,01225 Pakistan 93226 Argentina 88327 Netherlands 84028 Malaysia 81729 Philippines 74430 SouthAfrica 72831 Colombia 66732 UnitedArabEmirates 64333 Algeria 580

Bangladesh 580

Iraq 58036 Vietnam 55337 Venezuela 51438 Belgium 49739 Switzerland 48340 Singapore 47741 Sweden 47642 Kazakhstan 44143 Chile 42644 HongKong 416 Romania 416

46 Austria 406

RegionalGDP$bn,2016World 75,278Advancedeconomies 46,076G7 35,447Euroarea(19) 11,879OtherAsia 16,107LatinAmerica&Caribbean 5,003OtherEurope&CIS 3,571MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan 3,110Sub-SaharanAfrica 1,412%annualgrowth2011–17World 3.4Advancedeconomies 1.7

Advancedeconomies 1.7G7 1.6Euroarea(19) 0.9OtherAsia 6.7LatinAmerica&Caribbean 1.2OtherEurope&CIS 2.3MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan 3.3Sub-SaharanAfrica 3.7

RegionalpurchasingpowerGDP,%oftotal,2016World 100Advancedeconomies 41.9G7 31.0Euroarea(19) 11.8OtherAsia 31.6LatinAmerica&Caribbean 7.9OtherEurope&CIS 8.0MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan 7.6Sub-SaharanAfrica 3.0$perperson,2016World 16,439Advancedeconomies 47,383G7 48,978Euroarea(19) 41,672OtherAsia 10,675LatinAmerica&Caribbean 15,358OtherEurope&CIS 20,875MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan 13,702

MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan 13,702Sub-SaharanAfrica 3,837

Regionalpopulation%oftotal(7.3bn),2016World 100.0Advancedeconomies 16.7G7 10.4Euroarea(19) 4.6OtherAsia 48.7LatinAmerica&Caribbean 8.4OtherEurope&CIS 6.3MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan 9.0Sub-SaharanAfrica 13.0No.ofcountriesb,2016World 190Advancedeconomies 23G7 7Euroarea(19) 19OtherAsia 30LatinAmerica&Caribbean 32OtherEurope&CIS 24MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan 22Sub-SaharanAfrica 45

RegionalinternationaltradeExportsofgoods&services

%oftotal,2016World 100.0Advancedeconomies 64.4G7 34.7Euroarea(19) 26.3OtherAsia 17.9LatinAmerica&Caribbean 5.0OtherEurope&CIS 5.9MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan 5.2Sub-SaharanAfrica 1.5Current-accountbalances$bn,2016World 286Advancedeconomies 375G7 -138Euroarea(19) 400OtherAsia 217LatinAmerica&Caribbean -107OtherEurope&CIS -37MiddleEast,N.Africa,Afghanistan&Pakistan -105Sub-SaharanAfrica -56

Note:Foralistof185countrieswiththeirGDPs,seepages250–53.“Advancedeconomies”refersto39countriesasdefinedbytheIMF.aIncludesoverseasterritories.bIMFcoverage.

Livingstandards

HighestGDPperperson$,2015

1 Liechtenstein 159,0302 Monaco 156,4623 Bermuda 97,5534 Luxembourg 94,7185 Switzerland 80,8026 Macau 76,9637 Qatar 74,8378 Norway 74,3429 Ireland 60,30310 ChannelIslandsa 51,166

11 UnitedStates 56,04912 Iceland 55,94713 Singapore 53,00614 Denmark 52,86115 Australia 51,23816 Sweden 50,58117 Netherlands 44,42018 UnitedKingdom 44,25519 Austria 43,85520 Canada 43,25421 HongKong 42,38422 Finland 42,26923 Germany 41,701

Belgium 40,295

24 Belgium 40,295

25 UnitedArabEmirates 40,25026 Andorra 40,16627 NewZealand 38,50128 VirginIslands(US)b 37,650

29 Francec 37,580

30 Israel 36,96531 Japan 34,61632 Brunei 32,32833 Italy 30,53234 Martinique 30,00035 NewCaledonia 29,79036 Kuwait 29,25137 Guam 28,67038 PuertoRico 27,81239 SouthKorea 27,49040 Spain 25,89141 Malta 25,73342 Reunion 24,44443 Guadeloupe 24,00044 Taiwan 22,44645 Bahrain 22,22846 Bahamas 22,13547 SaudiArabia 20,69148 Slovenia 20,38049 Portugal 19,34250 Greece 17,72351 CzechRepublic 17,63452 Estonia 17,286

53 EquatorialGuinea 17,274

54 FrenchPolynesia 17,11855 Trinidad&Tobago 16,82856 FrenchGuiana 16,66757 Cyprus 16,30858 Slovakia 16,16959 Uruguay 15,62060 Oman 15,518

LowestGDPperperson$,2015

1 Burundi 2682 CentralAfricanRep. 3253 Niger 3614 Malawi 3735 Madagascar 4036 Gambia,The 4467 Liberia 4538 Congo-Kinshasa 4989 Mozambique 52910 Guinea 53511 Somalia 54912 Togo 57113 Guinea-Bissau 57814 Afghanistan 60615 BurkinaFaso 61416 Uganda 64417 NorthKorea 646

Ethiopia 651

18 Ethiopia 651

19 SierraLeone 69920 Rwanda 71421 Mali 74522 Nepal 74823 Benin 76124 Chad 78225 Haiti 81026 Tanzania 85327 Eritrea 88028 Senegal 90529 Zimbabwe 90830 Tajikistan 92431 SouthSudan 1,00732 Myanmar 1,105

a2010b2004cIncludesoverseasterritories.

HighestpurchasingpowerGDPperpersoninPPP(US=100),20151 Monaco 302.92 Qatar 256.63 Macau 191.24 Luxembourg 169.25 Singapore 151.96 Brunei 147.97 Liechtenstein 142.78 Kuwait 133.8

9 UnitedArabEmirates 124.610 Norway 122.211 Ireland 115.712 Switzerland 103.913 ChannelIslands 102.614 HongKong 101.715 Bermuda 101.416 UnitedStates 100.017 SaudiArabia 96.518 Iceland 90.519 Netherlands 88.720 Sweden 86.621 Germany 85.322 Australia 85.023 Austria 84.224 Taiwan 84.025 Denmark 83.726 Bahrain 81.827 Canada 81.428 Andorra 80.629 Belgium 78.430 EquatorialGuinea 77.631 UnitedKingdom 74.532 France 73.933 Finland 73.134 Malta 72.535 Japan 72.136 Oman 70.237 VirginIslands(US) 67.7

38 NewZealand 66.639 SouthKorea 65.840 Italy 65.241 PuertoRico 63.542 Israel 62.843 Spain 62.444 Trinidad&Tobago 57.745 CzechRepublic 57.446 Martinique 56.347 Slovenia 54.248 Slovakia 53.749 NewCaledonia 52.150 Estonia 51.351 Lithuania 51.152 Portugal 50.453 Malaysia 48.154 Hungary 47.155 Poland 46.856 Russia 46.757 Greece 46.358 Guadeloupe 45.659 Kazakhstan 44.760 Latvia 43.761 Guam 43.6 Réunion 43.663 Turkey 43.264 Chile 42.5 FrenchPolynesia 42.566 Cyprus 42.3

Panama 40.0

67 Panama 40.068 Cuba 39.9

LowestpurchasingpowerGDPperpersoninPPP(US=100),20151 Somalia 0.732 CentralAfricanRep. 1.103 Burundi 1.254 Congo-Kinshasa 1.455 Liberia 1.496 Niger 1.707 Malawi 2.128 Guinea 2.13 Mozambique 2.1310 Madagascar 2.6211 Togo 2.6712 Guinea-Bissau 2.6813 SierraLeone 2.7814 NorthKorea 2.8315 Ethiopia 2.9116 Eritrea 2.9417 Gambia,The 2.9518 BurkinaFaso 3.0319 Haiti 3.1420 Zimbabwe 3.2121 Rwanda 3.2722 Afghanistan 3.4023 SouthSudan 3.41

Mali 3.62

24Mali 3.62

25 Benin 3.6626 Uganda 3.6727 Chad 3.8928 Senegal 4.34

Thequalityoflife

HumandevelopmentindexaHighest,2015

1 Norway 94.92 Australia 93.9 Switzerland 93.94 Germany 92.65 Denmark 92.5 Singapore 92.57 Netherlands 92048 Ireland 92.39 Iceland 92.110 Canada 92.0 UnitedStates 92.0

12 HongKong 91.713 NewZealand 91.514 Sweden 91.315 Liechtenstein 91.216 UnitedKingdom 90.917 Japan 90.318 SouthKorea 90.119 Israel 89.920 Luxembourg 89.821 France 89.722 Belgium 89.623 Finland 89.5

Austria 89.3

24Austria 89.3

25 Slovenia 89.026 Italy 88.727 Spain 880428 CzechRepublic 87.829 Greece 86.630 Brunei 86.5 Estonia 86.5

32 Andorra 85.833 Cyprus 85.6 Malta 85.6 Qatar 85.6

36 Poland 85.537 Lithuania 84.838 Chile 84.7 SaudiArabia 84.7

40 Slovakia 84.541 Portugal 84.342 UnitedArabEmirates 84.043 Hungary 83.644 Latvia 83.045 Argentina 82.7 Croatia 82.7

47 Bahrain 820448 Montenegro 80.749 Russia 800450 Romania 80.251 Kuwait 80.052 Belarus 79.6

Oman 79.6

Oman 79.6

54 Barbados 79.5 Uruguay 79.5

56 Bulgaria 7904 Kazakhstan 7904

58 Bahamas 79.259 Malaysia 78.960 Panama 78.861 Mauritius 78.162 Trinidad&Tobago 78.0

HumandevelopmentindexaLowest,2015

1 CentralAfricanRep. 35.22 Niger 35.33 Chad 39.64 BurkinaFaso 40.25 Burundi 40046 Guinea 41047 Mozambique 41.8 SouthSudan 41.89 Eritrea 42.0 SierraLeone 42.0

11 Guinea.Bissau 420412 Liberia 42.713 Congo.Kinshasa 43.514 Mali 44.215 Ethiopia 44.8

Gambia,The 45.2

16 Gambia,The 45.2

17 IvoryCoast 470418 Malawi 47.619 Afghanistan 47.920 Yemen 48.221 Benin 48.522 Togo 48.7

aGDPorGDPperpersonisoftentakenasameasureofhowdevelopedacountryis,butitsusefulnessislimitedasitrefersonlytoeconomicwelfare.TheUNDevelopmentProgrammecombinesstatisticsonaverageandexpectedyearsofschoolingandlifeexpectancywithincomelevels(nowGNIperperson,valuedinPPPUS$).TheHOIisshownherescaledfromato100;countriesscoringover80areconsideredtohaveveryhighhumandevelopment,70.79high,5S.69mediumandthoseunder55low.

Inequality-adjustedhumandevelopmentindexaHighest,2015

1 Norway 89.82 Iceland 86.83 Australia 86.1 Netherlands 86.15 Germany 85.9 Switzerland 85.97 Denmark 85.88 Sweden 85.19 Ireland 85.010 Finland 84.311 Canada 83.912 Slovenia 83.813 UnitedKingdom 83.6

CzechRepublic 83.0

14 CzechRepublic 83.0

15 Luxembourg 82.716 Belgium 82.117 Austria 81.518 France 81.319 UnitedStates 79.620 Slovakia 79.321 Japan 79.1 Spain 79.1

23 Estonia 78.824 Malta 78.625 Italy 78.426 Israel 77.827 Poland 77.428 Hungary 77.129 Cyprus 76.230 Lithuania 75.931 Greece 75.832 Portugal 75.533 SouthKorea 75.334 Croatia 75.235 Belarus 74.536 Latvia 74.237 Montenegro 73.638 Russia 72.539 Kazakhstan 71.4 Romania 71.4

GinicoefficientbHighest,2010–15

1 SouthAfrica 63.42 Namibia 61.03 Haiti 60.84 Botswana 60.55 CentralAfricanRep. 56.26 Zambia 55.67 Lesotho 54.28 Colombia 53.59 Paraguay 51.710 Brazil 51.5 Swaziland 51.5

12 Guinea-Bissau 50.7 Panama 50.7

14 Honduras 50.615 Chile 50.516 Rwanda 50.417 Congo-Brazzaville 48.918 Guatemala 48.719 CostaRica 48.5 Kenya 48.5

Lowest,2010–15

1 Ukraine 24.12 Slovenia 25.63 Norway 25.94 CzechRepublic 26.1 Slovakia 26.1Kazakhstan 26.3

6 Kazakhstan 26.3

7 Kyrgyzstan 26.8 Moldova 26.89 Iceland 26.910 Finland 27.111 Belarus 27.212 Sweden 27.313 Romania 27.514 Belgium 27.615 Netherlands 28.016 Albania 29.017 Denmark 29.1 Serbia 29.1

19 Germany 30.120 Austria 30.5

aWherethereisinequalityinthedistributionofhealth,educationandincome,theIHDIofanaveragepersoninsocietyislessthantheordinaryHDI.

bTheloweritsvalue,themoreequallyhouseholdincomeisdistributed.

Economicgrowth

EconomicgrowthAverageannual%increaseinrealGDP,2005–15

a2011–15b2005–13c2005–14

HighesteconomicgrowthAverageannual%increaseinrealGDP,1995–2005

1 EquatorialGuinea 45.32 Iraqa 16.5

3 Sudan 15.54 Myanmarb 11.8

5 Mozambique 10.26 Turkmenistan 9.97 Qatar 9.78 Azerbaijan 9.59 China 9.210 Rwanda 8.711 Armenia 8.6 Chad 8.6 SierraLeone 8.6

14 Cambodia 8.315 Angola 8.216 Bosnia&Herz.c 8.0

WestBank&Gaza 8.018 Trinidad&Tobago 7.919 Maldives 7.820 Ireland 7.6

LowesteconomicgrowthAverageannual%changeinrealGDP,1995–2005

1 Zimbabwea -6.5

2 Congo-Kinshasa -0.83 CentralAfricanRep. 0.4

Togo 0.5

4 Togo 0.5

5 ChannelIslandsa 0.6

Gabon 0.67 Jamaica 0.78 NorthKorea 0.89 Guinea-Bissau 1.0 Haiti 1.0 Japan 1.0

12 Germany 1.2 Paraguay 1.2 Uruguay 1.2

15 Burundi 1.416 Italy 1.5 PapuaNewGuinea 1.5

18 Guyana 1.6 Venezuela 1.6

20 Brunei 1.7

HighestservicesgrowthAverageannual%increaseinrealterms,2007–15

1 Mali 13.32 Ethiopia 12.83 Myanmar 10.1 Qatar 10.15 Afghanistan 10.06 Zimbabwe 9.77 India 9.48 China 9.0

Rwanda 8.8

9Rwanda 8.8

10 Angolad 8.7

11 Zambia 8.612 Mongolia 8.5 Mozambique 8.5 Tajikistan 8.5

15 Nigeria 8.316 Congo-Kinshasa 8.117 Uzbekistan 8.018 Tirnor-Lestea 7.9

LowestservicesgrowthAverageannual%changeinrealterms,2007–15

1 Greece -2.92 Ukraine -2.13 Estonia -0.64 Bahamas -0.55 Italy -0.46 Croatia -0.37 Jamaica 0.0 Japand 0.0

9 Finland 0.1 Portugal 0.1

11 CentralAfricanRep. 0.2 Denmark 0.2 Latvia 0.2

14 Serbia 0.515 Icelande 0.7

Slovenia 0.7

Slovenia 0.7

17 Cyprus 0.8 Germany 0.8

a1998–2005b1997–2005c1996–2005d2007–14e2007–13Note:Rankingsofhighestandlowestindustrialgrowth2007–15canbefoundonpage44.

Tradingplaces

Biggestexporters%oftotalworldexports(goods,servicesandincome),2015

1 Euroarea(19) 16.282 UnitedStates 12.723 China 11.104 Germany 7.465 Japan 4.296 UnitedKingdom 4.167 France 3.898 Netherlands 3.629 SouthKorea 2.7810 Italy 2.5311 Switzerland 2.3912 Canada 2.3513 Spain 1.9014 India 1.8515 Russia 1.8016 Ireland 1.7617 Belgium 1.7518 Mexico 1.7219 UnitedArabEmirates 1.5820 Taiwan 1.5521 Singapore 1.5422 Luxembourg 1.4023 Thailand 1.17

Australia 1.15

24Australia 1.15

HongKong 1.1526 Sweden 1.1427 Poland 1.0428 SaudiArabia 1.0229 Brazil 0.9930 Austria 0.9731 Malaysia 0.9332 Turkey 0.8533 Denmark 0.8234 Norway 0.7835 Vietnam 0.7336 Indonesia 0.7237 CzechRepublic 0.6738 Hungary 0.5139 SouthAfrica 0.4440 Finland 0.4341 Israel 0.42 Qatar 0.42

TradedependencyTradeaas%ofGDP,2015Most

1 Slovakia 83.22 Vietnam 82.73 Hungary 71.24 UnitedArabEmirates 70.85 CzechRepublic 68.5

Lesotho 65.7

6Lesotho 65.7

7 Lithuania 62.78 Libyab 60.6

9 Slovenia 60.310 PuertoRico 58.711 Netherlands 57.512 Belgium 55.813 Estonia 55.114 Ireland 54.815 Malaysia 54.616 Cambodiac 54.0

17 Bulgaria 52.618 Bahrainc 51.0

19 Thailand 50.820 Belarus 49.921 Singapore 49.5

Least

1 Sudan 6.02 Bermuda 8.13 Argentina 9.04 Brazil 10.15 HongKong 10.2 Nigeria 10.27 Yemen 10.48 Egypt 10.5 UnitedStates 10.5

10 Timor-Leste 10.811 Pakistan 11.4

12 Burundi 12.513 Cubab 13.2

14 Venezuela 14.215 CentralAfricanRep.c 14.3

16 Iran 14.917 Uganda 15.018 Japan 15.119 Colombia 15.420 FrenchPolynesia 15.8

Notes:Thefiguresaredrawnwhereverpossiblefrombalanceofpaymentstatistics,sohavedifferingdefinitionsfromstatisticstakenfromcustomsorsimilarsources.ForHongKongandSingapore,onlydomesticexportsandretainedimportsareused.Euroareadataexcludeintra-euroareatrade.aAverageofimportsplusexportsofgoods.b2013c2014

Biggesttradersofgoodsa%ofworld,2016

Biggestearnersfromservicesandincome%ofworldexportsofservicesandincome,2015

1 Euroarea(19) 18.262 UnitedStates 18.033 UnitedKingdom 6.534 China 6.05

Germany 5.65

5Germany 5.65

6 France 4.947 Japan 4.768 Netherlands 4.619 Luxembourg 3.7410 HongKong 3.16 Switzerland 3.15

12 Ireland 2.4913 Singapore 2.3914 Spain 2.0715 India 2.0116 Belgium 1.9317 Italy 1.8518 Canada 1.7819 SouthKorea 1.43 Sweden 1.43

21 Denmark 1.0922 Austria 1.0623 Russia 1.0524 Australia 1.0325 Taiwan 1.0226 Norway 0.9827 UnitedArabEmirates 0.9228 Thailand 0.7829 Poland 0.6830 Turkey 0.6031 Malaysia 0.5632 Brazil 0.5433 Israel 0.53

Finland 0.49

34 Finland 0.4935 SaudiArabia 0.4736 Greece 0.46

aIndividualcountriesonly.bEstimate.

Balanceofpayments:currentaccount

Largestsurpluses$m,2015

1 Euroarea(19) 358,3222 China 330,6023 Germany 279,9694 Japan 135,6085 SouthKorea 105,9406 Switzerland 77,3787 Taiwan 76,1658 Russia 69,0009 Netherlands 65,12910 Singapore 53,75711 Norway 33,74612 Thailand 32,14913 Italy 29,34814 Ireland 28,96715 Denmark 27,58216 Sweden 23,25017 UnitedArabEmirates 17,25318 Spain 16,20819 Qatar 13,75120 Israel 13,64221 Macau 11,55722 HongKong 10,26423 Iran 9,016

Malaysia 8,960

24 Malaysia 8,960

25 Kuwait 8,58426 Philippines 7,26627 Austria 7,02028 PuertoRico 6,33129 PapuaNewGuinea 5,32630 Iraq 4,12131 Hungary 3,94632 Luxembourg 2,96233 Bangladesh 2,68734 Croatia 2,49235 Nepal 2,44736 Slovenia 2,21637 Brunei 2,07138 Belgium 1,93639 Cubaa 1,850

40 CzechRepublic 1,68341 Bahrainb 1,124

42 Botswana 1,12043 Trinidad&Tobago 95744 Vietnam 90645 Bermuda 88646 Iceland 85447 Malta 53948 Estonia 49349 FrenchPolynesia 34850 Swaziland 281

Largestdeficits$m,2015

1 UnitedStates -462,9612 UnitedKingdom -122,5713 Brazil -58,8824 Australia -58,2805 SaudiArabia -56,7246 Canada -53,0837 Mexico -33,3478 Turkey -32,1189 Algeria -27,22910 India -22,45711 Venezuela -20,36012 Colombia -18,92213 Indonesia -17,58614 Argentina -16,80615 Egypt -16,78716 Nigeria -15,76317 SouthAfrica -13,64418 Oman -10,80719 Angola -10,27320 Peru -9,21021 Lebanon -8,14622 Sudan -5,93323 Mozambique -5,83324 NewZealand -5,50125 Kazakhstan -5,46426 Afghanistan -5,121

France -4,861

27France -4,861

28 Chile -4,76129 Kenya -4,03830 Myanmar -3,92131 Tunisia -3,85032 Panama -3,37733 Jordan -3,33234 Tanzania -3,31235 Yemen -3,02636 Poland -2,93237 Ghana -2,80938 CostaRica -2,49339 Uganda -2,35340 Laos -2,26441 Ecuador -2,20142 Morocco -2,161

Note:Euroareadataexcludeintra-euroareatrade.a2013b2014

Largestsurplusesas%ofGDP$m,2015

1 PapuaNewGuinea 25.12 Macau 25.03 Singapore 18.14 Brunei 16.05 Bermuda 14.96 Taiwan 14.5

Nepal 11.5

7Nepal 11.5

Switzerland 11.59 Ireland 10.210 Denmark 9.211 Netherlands 8.7 Norway 8.7

13 Qatar 8.414 Germany 8.315 Thailand 8.116 Botswana 7.817 SouthKorea 7.7 Timor-Leste 7.7

19 Kuwait 7.220 Swaziland 7.021 PuertoRico 6.222 FrenchPolynesia 5.723 Malta 5.524 Slovenia 5.225 Croatia 5.1 Iceland 5.1 Luxembourg 5.1

28 Russia 5.029 Sweden 4.7 UnitedArabEmirates 4.7

31 Israel 4.632 Trinidad&Tobago 3.733 Bahraina 3.4

34 HongKong 3.3 Hungary 3.3

36 Euroarea(19) 3.1

Japan 3.138 China 3.0 Malaysia 3.0

40 Philippines 2.541 Cubab 2.4

Iran 2.443 Iraq 2.344 Estonia 2.245 Guinea-Bissau 2.146 Austria 1.947 Italy 1.648 Spain 1.449 Bangladesh 1.350 CzechRepublic 0.9

Largestdeficitsas%ofGDP$m,2015

1 Liberia -41.92 Mozambique -39.43 Afghanistan -26.54 SierraLeonea -26.3

5 Niger -20.86 Mauritania -19.27 Laos -18.38 Guineaa -17.9

9 Oman -16.9Algeria -16.5

10 Algeria -16.5

Lebanon -16.512 Bahamas -15.913 Suriname -15.614 Kyrgyzstan -14.915 Namibia -14.816 Rwanda -13.617 WestBank&Gaza -13.518 Montenegro -13.219 Burundi -13.120 Georgia -12.721 Chad -12.422 Togo -11.323 Malawi -11.024 Gambia,The -10.825 Albania -10.7 Zimbabwe -10.7

27 Angola -10.028 Cambodiaa -9.9

29 Uganda -9.330 Benin -9.031 Jordan -8.9 Tunisia -8.9

33 SaudiArabia -8.734 Lesotho -8.635 BurkinaFaso -8.436 Haiti -8.337 Nicaragua -8.238 Mongolia -8.1

39 Yemen -8.0

40 Venezuela -7.841 Ghana -7.542 Tanzania -7.3

a2014b2013

Officialreservesa$m,end-2016

1 China 3,097,9552 Japan 1,216,6423 Euroarea(19) 743,5484 Switzerland 679,0775 SaudiArabia 547,3136 Taiwan 449,8797 UnitedStates 407,2508 HongKong 386,2419 Russia 377,31210 SouthKorea 370,17111 Brazil 364,99512 India 361,78413 Singapore 251,07914 Germany 184,57415 Mexico 177,99316 Thailand 171,79717 France 146,25818 Italy 135,52719 UnitedKingdom 134,982

Algeria 120,816

20 Algeria 120,816

21 Indonesia 116,38222 Poland 114,34523 Turkey 106,00624 Israel 98,44725 Malaysia 94,48726 CzechRepublic 85,72727 UnitedArabEmirates 85,39228 Canada 82,71829 Philippines 80,69830 Libyab 74,112

OfficialgoldreservesMarketprices,$m,end-2016

1 Euroarea(19) 399,1112 UnitedStates 300,9593 Germany 124,9924 Italy 90,7245 France 90,1336 China 68,1797 Russia 59,7678 Switzerland 38,4829 Japan 28,31510 Netherlands 22,66211 India 20,63912 Taiwan 15,67513 Portugal 14,15314 Turkey 13,952

SaudiArabia 11,948

15 SaudiArabia 11,948

16 UnitedKingdom 11,48117 Lebanon 10,61418 Spain 10,41919 Austria 10,36020 Kazakhstan 9,54921 Belgium 8,41422 Philippines 7,26523 Algeria 6,42524 Thailand 5,63925 Singapore 4,71426 Sweden 4,652

Workers’remittancesInflows,$m,2015

1 India 68,9102 China 63,9383 Philippines 28,4834 Mexico 26,2335 France 23,3526 Nigeria 21,0607 Pakistan 19,3068 Egypt 18,3259 Bangladesh 15,38810 Germany 15,36211 Vietnam 13,00012 Spain 10,28113 Belgium 9,790

Indonesia 9,659

14 Indonesia 9,659

15 Italy 9,51716 Lebanon 7,48117 UnitedStates 7,06918 SriLanka 6,98019 Morocco 6,90420 Russia 6,87021 Poland 6,78322 Nepal 6,73023 Guatemala 6,57324 SouthKorea 6,45425 Thailand 5,89526 Ukraine 5,84527 Jordan 5,34828 DominicanRep. 5,19629 UnitedKingdom 5,00330 Colombia 4,680

aForeignexchange,SDRs,IMFpositionandgoldatmarketprices.bEnd-September.

Exchangerates

TheEconomist’sBigMacindex

aBasedonpurchasing-powerparity:localpriceofaBigMacburgerdividedbyUnitedStatesprice.bAtmarketexchangerates.cAverageoffourcities.dWeightedaverageofpricesineuroarea.

eAverageoffivecities.

Inflation

Consumer-priceinflationHighest,2016,%

1 SouthSudana 379.8

2 Venezuela 254.93 Suriname 55.54 Angolaa 32.4

5 Libyaa 27.1

6 Congo-Kinshasaa 22.4

7 Malawia 21.7

8 Mozambique 19.29 Zambia 17.910 Sudana 17.8

11 Ghanaa 17.5

12 Nigeria 15.713 Kazakhstan 14.614 Ukraine 13.915 Haiti 13.416 Azerbaijana 12.4

17 Belarusa 11.8

18 SierraLeone 11.319 Argentina 10.620 Egypt 10.221 Nepal 9.922 Uruguay 9.6

Lowest,2016,%

1 Mali -1.82 Romania -1.6 Zimbabwe -1.64 Armeniaa -1.4

5 Bulgaria -1.3 Timor-Leste -1.37 Cyprus -1.28 Bosnia&Herz. -1.1 Chada -1.1

Croatiaa -1.1

11 Benin -0.8 Jordan -0.8 Lebanon -0.8

14 Brunei -0.715 Poland -0.616 Israel -0.5 Singapore -0.5 Slovakiaa -0.5

19 Montenegro -0.4 Switzerland -0.4

Highestaverageannualconsumer-priceinflation,2011–16,%

1 Venezuelaa 85.1

2 SouthSudana 61

3 Sudana 28.3

4 Malawia 23.4

Belarus 23.1

5Belarus 23.1

6 Iran 19.97 Yemena 14.1

8 Ghanaa 13.7

Ukraine 13.710 Angolaa 13.4

11 Suriname 13.012 Ethiopia 11.213 Nigeria 10.714 Guineaa 10.6

15 Argentina 10.516 SierraLeone 10.417 Uzbekistana 9.8

Zambia 9.819 Egypt 9.420 Libyaa 9.3

21 Nepal 8.922 Uruguay 8.823 Mongolia 8.5

Lowestaverageannualconsumer-priceinflation,2011–16,%

1 Greece -0.5 Switzerland -0.53 Bulgaria -0.34 Bosnia&Herz.a -0.2

5 Brunei -0.26 Cyprus 0.17 Zimbabwe 0.2

Senegal 0.4

8Senegal 0.4

9 Ireland 0.5 Israel 0.5 PuertoRico 0.5

12 Poland 0.6 Spain 0.6

14 ElSalvador 0.7 Japan 0.7 Latvia 0.7 Sweden 0.7

18 Croatiaa 0.8

France 0.8 Niger 0.8 Portugal 0.8 Slovakiaa 0.8

Sloveniaa 0.8

aEstimate.

CommoditypricesEnd2016,%changeonayearearlier

1 Rubber 44.12 Coconutoil 43.33 Tea 29.24 Wool(Aus) 28.05 Sugar 22.06 Zinc 20.97 Lead 15.0 Palmoil 15.0Cotton 12.8

9 Cotton 12.8

10 Tin 11.911 Soyaoil 5.212 Lamb 0.013 Oila -3.4

14 Soyabeans -4.715 Aluminium -5.216 Gold -6.017 Timber -9.018 Rice -10.119 Coffee -10.820 Copper -13.421 Corn -14.922 Soyameal -16.623 Wool(NZ) -20.724 Beef(Aus) -24.025 Beef(US) -24.826 Cocoa -25.2

2011–16,%change

1 Zinc 40.12 Timber 19.03 Coconutoil 17.04 Wool(Aus) 14.05 Tin 9.56 Lead 5.07 Hides 4.08 Cocoa 0.89 Soyameal 0.1

10 Beef(Aus) -1.811 Beef(US) -2.412 Tea -6.513 Lamb -10.514 Aluminium -12.615 Cotton -14.916 Soyabeans -17.617 Sugar -21.018 Palmoil -22.219 Rubber -22.920 Copper -27.821 Gold -29.5 Wool(NZ) -29.5

23 Coffee -31.224 Soyaoil -33.325 Rice -36.126 Wheat -39.0

TheEconomist’shousepricesQ32016b,%changeonayearearlier

1 China 14.32 Turkey 14.03 NewZealand 12.64 Hungary 11.65 Canada 11.46 Colombia 10.8 Latvia 10.88 Iceland 10.2

Israel 8.2

9 Israel 8.2

10 India 8.111 Norway 7.912 Portugal 7.6 Slovakia 7.6

14 Estonia 7.4 UnitedKingdom 7.4

16 Sweden 7.117 Ireland 7.018 CzechRepublic 6.919 Mexica 6.720 Germany 6.2

Q32010–Q32016b,%change1 India 136.32 Turkey 117.13 Brazil 89.84 HongKong 87.25 Colombia 78.26 Estonia 62.97 NewZealand 60.28 Iceland 54.29 Israel 51.010 Sweden 47.511 Indonesia 42.312 Chile 41.4 Norway 41.4

14 SouthAfrica 40.015 Germany 39.1

Latvia 39.117 Canada 38.618 Austria 38.419 China 36.920 Mexico 35.6

aWestTexasIntermediate.bOrlatest.

Debt

Highestforeigndebta$bn,2015

1 China 1,418.32 Brazil 543.43 HongKong 491.94 India 479.65 Russia 467.76 Singapore 465.57 Mexico 426.38 Turkey 397.79 SouthKorea 376.610 Poland 331.411 Indonesia 308.512 UnitedArabEmirates 203.313 Malaysia 191.014 SaudiArabia 171.515 Argentina 159.716 Taiwan 159.017 Chile 156.218 Kazakhstan 154.319 Qatar 143.420 SouthAfrica 137.921 Thailand 129.722 Hungary 127.423 CzechRepublic 126.3

Venezuela 123.7

24 Venezuela 123.7

25 Ukraine 122.826 Colombia 111.027 Romania 96.028 Israel 89.129 Panama 87.730 Vietnam 77.831 Philippines 77.732 Peru 65.933 Pakistan 65.534 Iraq 60.035 Croatia 49.4 Sudan 49.4

37 Egypt 46.638 SriLanka 43.939 Morocco 43.040 Bangladesh 38.641 Belarus 37.942 Bulgaria 37.543 Kuwait 35.444 Lebanon 35.145 Serbia 30.846 Nigeria 29.047 Cuba 28.948 Angola 28.049 Bahrain 27.750 Tunisia 27.4

Highestforeigndebtburdena

Totalforeigndebtas%ofGDP,20151 Mongolia 183.52 Panama 171.53 HongKong 159.04 Singapore 156.85 Ukraine 135.56 Mauritius 125.37 Kyrgyzstan 112.18 Hungary 104.89 PapuaNewGuinea 102.710 Croatia 101.511 Jamaica 100.112 Georgia 95.313 Bahrain 88.914 Moldova 88.715 Laos 87.416 Qatar 87.117 Kazakhstan 86.018 Armenia 84.819 Serbia 82.920 Nicaragua 82.621 Estonia 81.522 Mauritania 79.123 Bosnia&Herz. 77.124 Bulgaria 74.725 Lebanon 72.926 Albania 72.5

Poland 69.5

27Poland 69.5

28 Belarus 69.429 Macedonia 69.130 Jordan 68.631 CzechRepublic 68.232 Mozambique 67.933 Chile 64.934 Malaysia 64.435 Tunisia 63.636 Zimbabwe 60.637 ElSalvador 58.738 Paraguay 57.0 Tajikistan 57.0

HighestforeigndebtaAs%ofexportsofgoodsandservices,2015

1 Sudan 888.82 Mongolia 394.53 Venezuela 310.84 Laos 309.45 CentralAfricanRep. 304.46 Panama 290.67 Kazakhstan 280.08 Ethiopia 262.99 Brazil 227.710 Mozambique 226.311 Burundi 218.212 Argentina 217.2

Niger 212.7

13 Niger 212.7

14 Ukraine 211.315 Uruguay 211.116 Jamaica 206.417 PapuaNewGuinea 205.418 Colombia 203.419 Mauritania 201.320 Chile 201.121 SierraLeone 197.922 Turkey 195.023 Albania 191.224 SriLanka 182.825 Kyrgyzstan 182.326 Croatia 179.827 Georgia 175.228 Nicaragua 174.8

HighestdebtserviceratiobAverage,%,2015

1 Syria 68.42 Kazakhstan 63.43 Venezuela 60.34 Jamaica 58.85 Ukraine 56.96 Brazil 37.67 Croatia 35.58 Chile 33.19 Cuba 32.6

Mongolia 32.1

10 Mongolia 32.1

11 Bulgaria 30.3 Indonesia 30.3

13 Romania 30.114 Sudan 28.415 Mauritius 28.316 Armenia 28.117 Turkey 26.918 Hungary 25.919 Colombia 25.620 Georgia 24.521 Argentina 24.422 DominicanRep. 23.323 Russia 23.024 Bosnia&Herz. 22.925 Serbia 22.526 Ecuador 21.927 Albania 21.028 Macedonia 20.5

HouseholddebtcAs%ofnetdisposableincome,2015

1 Denmark 292.02 Netherlands 277.13 Norway 221.84 Australia 211.85 Switzerland 211.26 Sweden 179.1

Ireland 177.9

7 Ireland 177.9

8 Canada 175.19 SouthKorea 169.910 UnitedKingdom 149.511 Portugal 136.412 Finland 129.713 Japand 129.5

14 Spain 121.915 Greece 118.516 Belgium 114.317 UnitedStates 111.618 France 108.319 Austria 93.520 Germany 92.921 Italy 89.222 Estonia 81.923 CzechRepublic 68.724 Slovakia 68.0

aForeigndebtisdebtowedtonon-residentsandrepayableinforeigncurrency;thefiguresshownincludeliabilitiesofgovernment,publicandprivatesectors.Longerestablisheddevelopedcountrieshavebeenexcluded.

bDebtserviceisthesumofinterestandprincipalrepayments(amortisation)dueonoutstandingforeigndebt.Thedebtserviceratioisdebtserviceasapercentageofexportsofgoods,non-factorservices,primaryincomeandworkers’remittances.

cOECDcountries.d2012

Aid

Largestrecipientsofbilateralandmultilateralaid$bn,2015

$perperson,20151 WestBank&Gaza 423.62 Jordan 283.13 Syria 263.94 Kosovo 243.75 Liberia 243.06 Timor-Leste 170.57 Lebanon 166.78 Montenegro 160.69 SierraLeone 146.710 SouthSudan 135.711 Afghanistan 130.312 Kyrgyzstan 129.113 Georgia 121.714 Somalia 116.215 Albania 115.716 Armenia 115.217 Fiji 114.918 Macedonia 103.119 CentralAfricanRep. 99.420 Haiti 97.321 Bosnia&Herz. 93.2 Rwanda 93.2

23 Moldova 87.924 Mongolia 79.625 Mauritania 78.226 PapuaNewGuinea 77.427 Nicaragua 74.728 Bolivia 73.4

Swaziland 72.0

29 Swaziland 72.030 Laos 69.331 Mali 68.232 Honduras 66.533 Maldives 65.634 Mozambique 64.935 Ghana 64.536 Malawi 61.037 Mauritius 60.638 Senegal 58.139 Namibia 57.940 Gabon 57.2

Largestbilateralandmultilateraldonorsa$m,2015 As%ofGDP

1 UnitedStates 30,986 0.172 UnitedKingdom 18,545 0.703 Germany 17,940 0.524 Japan 9,203 0.215 France 9,039 0.376 Sweden 7,089 1.407 SaudiArabia 6,758 1.058 Netherlands 5,726 0.759 UnitedArabEmirates 4,381 1.1810 Norway 4,278 1.0511 Canada 4,277 0.2812 Italy 4,004 0.2213 Turkey 3,919 0.5014 Switzerland 3,562 0.52

15 Australia 3,494 0.2916 Denmark 2,566 0.8517 SouthKorea 1,915 0.1418 Belgium 1,905 0.4219 Spain 1,397 0.1220 Austria 1,324 0.3521 Finland 1,288 0.5522 Russia 1,161 0.0923 Ireland 718 0.3224 NewZealand 442 0.2725 Poland 441 0.1026 Luxembourg 363 0.9527 Portugal 308 0.1628 Kuwait 304 0.2629 Taiwan 255 0.0530 Greece 239 0.12

Biggestchangestoaid2015comparedwith2011,$mIncreases

1 Syria 4,546.42 Egypt 2,063.43 SouthSudan 1,239.04 Jordan 1,175.95 Bangladesh 1,078.76 Yemen 1,054.47 Myanmar 788.68 Philippines 699.0

Ukraine 679.7

9Ukraine 679.7

10 Nigeria 663.911 SierraLeone 522.512 Lebanon 499.713 Cuba 465.714 Guinea 336.315 Liberia 332.216 Colombia 329.817 Nepal 329.118 Pakistan 292.419 China 271.120 Malawi 251.921 Kyrgyzstan 245.722 Uzbekistan 243.723 Madagascar 229.924 Niger 221.225 CentralAfricanRep. 218.226 Thailand 192.827 Angola 187.228 Brazil 177.6

Decreases

1 Congo-Kinshasa -2,927.22 Afghanistan -2,627.93 Turkey -1,143.54 Serbia -1,066.65 Sudan -842.56 IvoryCoast -782.97 Mexico -664.3

Haiti -649.1

8 Haiti -649.1

9 WestBank&Gaza -561.610 Libya -483.511 Vietnam -461.812 Tunisia -450.713 Indonesia -444.714 Iraq -429.715 Togo -342.816 Bosnia&Herz. -270.717 Peru -266.018 Ethiopia -258.619 Mozambique -250.420 Benin -242.421 Nicaragua -237.422 Zambia -236.323 Azerbaijan -217.824 Burundi -205.225 ElSalvador -189.626 SriLanka -186.127 Rwanda -181.128 Senegal -175.4

Industryandservices

Largestindustrialoutput$bn,2015

1 China 4,5292 UnitedStatesa 3,471

3 Japana 1,224

4 Germany 9235 India 5636 Canadab 498

7 UnitedKingdom 4958 SouthKorea 4769 France 42210 Russia 38911 Italy 38512 Mexico 34913 Brazil 34614 Indonesia 34515 Australia 31916 SaudiArabia 29717 Spain 25618 Taiwan 18519 UnitedArabEmirates 17720 Turkey 16821 Switzerland 166 Venezuelab 166

23 Irana 159

24 Poland 14425 Thailand 14126 Argentina 13827 Netherlands 13528 Egypt 12229 Norway 11930 Sweden 11531 Ireland 10932 Malaysia 10833 Nicarugua 98 PuertoRicob 98

35 Qatar 9636 Austria 9537 Colombia 9138 Belgium 90 Philippines 90

40 SouthAfrica 8341 Iraq 7642 Singapore 7343 Chile 72

HighestgrowthinindustrialoutputAverageannual%increaseinrealterms,2007–15

1 Timor-Lestec 24.1

2 Liberia 16.93 Ethiopia 15.94 Myanmar 15.15 Laos 13.3

Panama 12.1

6 Panama 12.1

7 Uzbekistan 11.58 Ghana 10.39 Qatar 9.310 Chad 9.2 China 9.2

12 Niger 9.113 Rwanda 9.014 Kosovo 8.515 Bangladesh 8.416 Tanzania 8.217 Cambodia 7.8 Iraq 7.8 Mongolia 7.8

20 Macedonia 7.5

LowestgrowthinindustrialoutputAverageannual%changeinrealterms,2006–14

1 Cyprus -7.82 Bermudad -7.5

3 Greece -7.24 Ukraine -6.35 Finland -3.26 Croatia -3.1 Spain -3.18 Italy -2.69 Latvia -2.510 Portugal -2.4

Brunei -2.2

11Brunei -2.2

Jamaica -2.213 Botswana -1.714 Luxembourg -1.615 Slovenia -1.5 Trinidad&Tobago -1.5

17 Armenia -1.3 CentralAfricanRep. -1.3

19 Iranc -1.1

20 France -1.0 Netherlands -1.0 PuertoRicoe -1.0

a2014b2013c2007–14d2007–12e2007–13

Largestmanufacturingoutput$bn,2015

1 Chinaa 2,857

2 UnitedStates 2,0683 Japanb 851

4 Germany 6905 SouthKorea 3706 India 3157 Italy 2588 UnitedKingdom 249

France 243

9France 243

10 Mexico 19611 Canadaa 183

12 Brazil 18213 Indonesia 18014 Russia 16915 Taiwan 15816 Spain 15417 Switzerland 11718 Turkey 11219 Thailand 10620 Ireland 9721 Argentina 85 Australia 85

23 Poland 8324 Netherlands 79 SaudiArabia 79

26 Sweden 7527 Malaysia 6828 Austria 6329 Philippines 5930 Belgium 5831 Egypt 5632 Singapore 5533 Iranb 49

34 PuertoRicoa 48

35 Nigeria 4636 CzechRepublic 4537 43

Venezuelaa

38 Romaniab 42

39 Denmark 38a

Largestservicesoutput$bn,2015

1 UnitedStatesb 13,084

2 China 5,5583 Japanb 3,528

4 Germany 2,0855 UnitedKingdom 2,0396 France 1,7037 Italy 1,2148 Canadaa 1,196

9 Brazil 1,12610 India 1,00711 Australia 89912 Spain 79913 Russia 748 SouthKorea 748

15 Mexico 67716 Netherlands 52717 Switzerland 47918 Turkey 41219 Indonesia 40020 SaudiArabia 33521 Taiwan 328

Argentina 323

22Argentina 323

23 Sweden 31824 Belgium 31425 Nigeria 28326 HongKong 27427 Poland 26828 Austria 23629 Norway 21930 Iranb 218

Thailand 21832 Singapore 20233 Denmark 19834 SouthAfrica 19335 UnitedArabEmirates 19136 Egypt 17637 Philippines 17238 Malaysia 16339 Colombia 15840 Venezuelaa 155

41 Ireland 15142 Pakistan 14243 Finland 14244 Chile 13945 Greece 13846 Portugal 13147 NewZealandc 115

48 Kazakhstan 10949 Bangladesh 10550 Peru 102

51 CzechRepublic 99

52 Iraq 96

a2013b2014c2012

Agricultureandfisheries

Largestagriculturaloutput$bn,2015

1 China 9772 India 3323 UnitedStatesa 224

4 Indonesia 1175 Nigeria 1006 Brazil 777 Pakistan 658 Russia 559 Turkey 5410 Japana 53

11 Irana 39

12 France 38 Mexico 38

14 Egypt 37 Italy 37

16 Thailand 3617 Vietnam 3318 Canada 3219 Australia 31 Sudan 31

21 Argentina 30 Philippines 30

23 Bangladesh 29

SouthKorea 2925 Spain 2826 Malaysia 2527 Ethiopia 2328 Algeria 19 Germany 19 Kenya 19

Mosteconomicallydependentonagriculture%ofGDPfromagriculture,2015

1 SierraLeone 61.32 Chad 52.43 Guinea-Bissaub 43.7

4 Burundi 43.05 CentralAfricanRep. 42.46 Ethiopia 41.0 Mali 41.08 Togo 40.79 Niger 39.910 Sudan 39.311 Liberia 35.012 Rwanda 34.613 BurkinaFaso 34.214 Nepal 33.015 Kenya 32.916 Tanzania 31.117 Malawi 29.518 Cambodia 28.2

Laos 27.4

19Laos 27.4

20 Myanmar 26.721 Uganda 25.822 Madagascar 25.623 Benin 25.324 Mozambique 25.225 Pakistan 25.126 Tajikistan 25.027 Cameroon 22.828 IvoryCoast 22.7

Leasteconomicallydependentonagriculture%ofGDPfromagriculture,2015

1 Macau 0.0 Singapore 0.03 HongKong 0.14 Luxembourg 0.2 Qatar 0.26 Bahrain 0.37 Trinidad&Tobago 0.58 Andorrab 0.6

Germany 0.6 Kuwait 0.6

11 Belgium 0.7 Switzerland 0.7 UnitedKingdom 0.7

14 Bermudac 0.8

PuertoRicob 0.8

Ireland 1.0

16 Ireland 1.0

17 Brunei 1.1 Japana 1.1

19 Denmark 1.220 Austria 1.3 Sweden 1.3 UnitedStatesa 1.3

23 Malta 1.424 Oman 1.6

a2014b2013c2012

FisheriesandaquacultureproductionFish,crustaceansandmolluscs,milliontonnes,2015

1 China 64.12 Indonesia 10.73 Indiaa 10.1

4 Vietnam 6.25 UnitedStates 5.56 Peru 4.97 Russia 4.68 Japan 4.19 Bangladesh 3.7 Norway 3.7

11 Myanmara 2.9

Philippines 2.913 Chile 2.8

Thailand 2.5

14Thailand 2.5

15 SouthKoreaa 2.1

16 Malaysia 1.717 Mexico 1.618 Egypta 1.5

19 Morocco 1.420 Brazila 1.3

Iceland 1.3 Spain 1.3 Taiwan 1.3

24 Ecuador 1.125 Canada 1.0 Iran 1.0 Nigeria 1.0

28 Denmark 0.9 UnitedKingdom 0.9

30 Argentina 0.8

Biggestproducers’000tonnes,2014

Cereals

1 China 557,4072 UnitedStates 442,8493 India 295,3604 Russia 103,1365 Brazil 101,4026 Indonesia 89,8557 France 73,331

8 Ukraine 63,3789 Bangladesh 55,75910 Germany 52,010

Meat

1 China 84,7982 UnitedStates 42,5653 Brazil 26,0534 Russia 9,0705 Germany 8,3566 India 6,6017 Mexico 6,2248 Spain 5,7429 France 5,48910 Argentina 5,193

Fruit

1 China 158,4242 India 88,4753 Brazil 37,4104 UnitedStates 25,9525 Mexico 17,8516 Spain 17,7647 Indonesia 17,3658 Philippines 16,2339 Italy 15,64510 Turkey 14,291

Vegetables

1 China 596,110India 126,579

2India 126,579

3 UnitedStates 36,5994 Turkey 28,1865 Iran 21,4566 Egypt 19,3527 Vietnam 17,9518 Russia 16,8949 Mexico 14,28610 Spain 14,173

Rootsandtubers

1 China 173,3552 Nigeria 108,0693 India 55,6224 Russia 31,5015 Thailand 30,4846 Brazil 27,7167 Indonesia 27,5998 Ghana 25,079

aEstimate.

Commodities

WheatTop10producers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 EU28 159,6002 China 130,2003 India 86,5004 Russia 61,0005 UnitedStates 56,1006 Canada 27,6007 Ukraine 27,3008 Pakistan 25,5009 Australia 24,20010 Turkey 22,600

Top10consumers,2015–16’000tonnes

1 EU28 128,8902 China 116,9003 India 88,7104 Russia 37,1405 UnitedStates 32,0606 Pakistan 24,3307 Egypt 20,4308 Turkey 20,3709 Iran 18,180

Ukraine 11,800

10Ukraine 11,800

RiceaTop10producers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 China 145,7702 India 104,4083 Indonesia 36,2004 Bangladesh 34,5005 Vietnam 27,5846 Thailand 15,8007 Myanmar 12,1608 Philippines 11,0009 Japan 7,67010 Brazil 7,210

Top10consumers,2015–16’000tonnes

1 China 144,0002 India 93,5683 Indonesia 37,8004 Bangladesh 35,1005 Vietnam 22,6006 Philippines 13,0007 Myanmar 10,7508 Thailand 9,1009 Japan 8,60010 Brazil 7,850

SugarbTop10producers,2015‘000tonnes

1 Brazil 34,2402 India 28,8703 EU28 15,3004 Thailand 11,0005 China 10,2606 UnitedStates 7,7007 Pakistan 6,1308 Mexico 5,8809 Russia 5,10010 Australia 4,820

Top10consumers,2015‘000tonnes

1 India 26,0002 EU28 17,8803 China 15,4504 Brazil 11,0105 UnitedStates 10,8306 Indonesia 6,0507 Russia 5,5008 Pakistan 4,8609 Mexico 4,37010 Egypt 3,270

Coarsegrainsc

Top5producers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 UnitedStates 367,3992 China 233,3253 EU28 152,1574 Brazil 68,7295 Argentina 48,334

Top5consumers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 UnitedStates 313,2482 China 240,0593 EU28 149,3784 Brazil 60,0635 Mexico 45,718

TeaTop10producers,2014‘000tonnes

1 China 2,0962 India 1,2073 Kenya 4454 SriLanka 3385 Vietnam 2286 Turkey 2277 Indonesia 1548 Iran 1199 Myanmar 9910 Argentina 85

Top10consumers,2015’000tonnes

1 China 1,9782 India 9993 Turkey 3064 Russia 1655 Pakistan 1526 UnitedStates 1277 UnitedKingdom 1158 Japan 1109 Egypt 9010 Bangladesh 78

CoffeeTop10producers,2016‘000tonnes

1 Brazil 3,3002 Vietnam 1,5303 Colombia 8704 Indonesia 6005 Ethiopia 3966 Honduras 3567 India 3208 Peru 228 Uganda 228

10 Guatemala 210Top10consumers,2015–16

’000tonnes1 EU28 2,5732 UnitedStates 1,5203 Brazil 1,2304 Japan 4675 Indonesia 2706 Russia 2587 Ethiopia 2228 Canada 2129 Vietnam 13810 India 135

CocoaTop10producers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 IvoryCoast 1,5812 Ghana 7783 Indonesia 3204 Ecuador 2325 Cameroon 2116 Nigeria 2007 Brazil 1408 Peru 959 DominicanRep. 7210 Colombia 53

Top10consumers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 Netherlands 535

2 IvoryCoast 4923 Germany 4304 UnitedStates 3985 Indonesia 3826 Brazil 3357 Ghana 2028 Malaysia 1949 France 13810 Spain 112

OrangejuicedTop5producers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 Brazil 8482 UnitedStates 3833 Mexico 1654 EU28 1005 SouthAfrica 45

Top5consumers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 EU28 8252 UnitedStates 6343 Canada 944 China 835 Japan 78

aMilled.bRaw.

cIncludes:maize(corn),barley,sorghum,oats,rye,millet,triticaleandother.dTonnesat65degreesbrix.

CopperTop10producersa,2015‘000tonnes

1 Chile 5,7642 Peru 1,7053 China 1,6674 UnitedStates 1,4105 Congo-Kinshasa 10396 Australia 9647 EU28 8618 Zambia 7589 Russia 74010 Canada 697

Top10consumersb,2015‘000tonnes

1 China 11,3532 EU28 3,3383 UnitedStates 1,7964 Germany 1,2195 Japan 9976 SouthKorea 7057 Italy 6138 India 4919 Taiwan 47110 Turkey 455

LeadTop10producersa,2014‘000tonnes

1 China 2,3352 Australia 6533 UnitedStates 3714 Peru 3165 Mexico 2546 EU28 2087 Russia 1968 India 1399 Sweden 7910 Turkey 76

Top10consumersb,2015‘000tonnes

1 China 3,8042 EU28 1,6173 UnitedStates 1,5904 SouthKorea 6025 India 5396 Germany 3577 Japan 2698 Brazil 2409 Spain 23810 Mexico 235

Zinc

Top10producersa,2015‘000tonnes

1 China 4,7502 Australia 1,5833 Peru 1,4224 India 8265 UnitedStates 8086 EU28 6997 Mexico 6778 Bolivia 4429 Kazakhstan 38410 Canada 277

Top10consumersc,2015‘000tonnes

1 China 6,4832 EU28 2,1143 UnitedStates 9314 India 6125 SouthKorea 5906 Germany 479 Japan 4798 Belgium 4509 Italy 25810 Turkey 230

TinTop5producersa,2015

‘000tonnes1 China 146.62 Indonesia 68.43 Myanmar 28.64 Brazil 25.55 Bolivia 20.1

Top5consumersb,2015‘000tonnes

1 China 175.82 EU28 51.53 UnitedStates 31.44 Japan 26.85 Germany 17.9

NickelTop10producersa,2015‘000tonnes

1 Philippines 464.52 Russia 261.03 Canada 234.94 Australia 225.25 NewCaledonia 186.16 Indonesia 128.67 China 100.88 Brazil 89.39 SouthAfrica 56.710 Guatemala 56.5

Top10consumersb,2015‘000tonnes

1 China 836.12 EU28 301.63 UnitedStates 152.04 Japan 150.65 SouthKorea 83.46 Italy 60.57 Germany 60.28 Taiwan 60.09 India 37.110 Belgium 35.0

AluminiumTop10producersd,2015‘000tonnes

1 China 31,4102 Russia 3,5293 Canada 2,8804 UnitedArabEmirates 2,4645 EU28 2,2176 India 1,8867 Australia 1,6468 UnitedStates 1,5879 Norway 1,24110 Bahrain 961

Top10consumerse,2015

’000tonnes1 China 31,0682 EU28 6,6793 UnitedStates 5,3254 Germany 2,1635 Japan 1,7796 India 1,4767 SouthKorea 1,3668 Turkey 9529 UnitedArabEmirates 83510 Brazil 801

PreciousmetalsGoldaTop10producers,2015tonnes

1 China 450.12 Australia 277.83 Russia 255.84 UnitedStates 212.35 Canada 160.86 Peru 145.07 SouthAfrica 144.58 Mexico 124.69 Uzbekistan 103.010 Indonesia 92.2

SilveraTop10producers,2015

tonnes1 Mexico 5,5922 Peru 4,1023 China 3,3934 EU28 2,0245 Russia 1,5716 Chile 1,5047 Australia 1,4308 Bolivia 1,3069 Kazakhstan 1,30510 Poland 1,230

PlatinumTop3producers,2015tonnes

1 SouthAfrica 142.12 Russia 20.83 Zimbabwe 12.5

PalladiumTop3producers,2015tonnes

1 SouthAfrica 76.12 Russia 693 UnitedStates/Canada 24.6

aMineproduction.bRefinedconsumption.cSlabconsumption.dPrimaryrefinedproduction.ePrimaryrefinedconsumption.

Rubber(naturalandsynthetic)Top10producers,2015‘000tonnes

1 Thailand 4,7242 China 3,6453 Indonesia 3,1454 UnitedStates 2,3925 EU28 2,3816 Japan 1,6687 SouthKorea 1,5028 Russia 1,3909 Vietnam 1,01710 India 767

Top10consumers,2015‘000tonnes

1 China 8,8972 EU28 3,6293 UnitedStates 2,9054 Japan 1,5875 India 1,5366 Thailand 1,0727 Brazil 9298 Malaysia 8989 Russia 52010 Indonesia 509

Cotton

Top10producers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 India 5,7462 China 4,7533 UnitedStates 2,8064 Pakistan 1,5375 Brazil 1,2896 Uzbekistan 8327 Turkey 6408 Australia 6269 Turkmenistan 31510 BurkinaFaso 244

Top10consumers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 China 7,4422 India 5,2963 Pakistan 2,2564 Turkey 1,5005 Bangladesh 1,3246 Vietnam 1,0077 UnitedStates 7518 Brazil 7339 Indonesia 65410 Mexico 418

MajoroilseedsaTop5producers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 UnitedStates 115,8792 Brazil 98,9743 Argentina 60,7774 China 54,4545 India 29,043

Top5consumers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 China 141,6772 UnitedStates 63,1043 EU28 51,5154 Brazil 45,5685 India 28,659

MajorvegetableoilsbTop5producers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 Indonesia 32,0002 China 22,3293 Malaysia 17,8014 EU28 16,0965 UnitedStates 10,883

Top5consumers,2015–16‘000tonnes

1 China 29,8592 EU28 23,1853 India 18,3454 UnitedStates 13,028

Indonesia 9,463

5 Indonesia 9,463

OilcTop10producers,2016‘000barrelsperday

1 UnitedStates 12,3542 SaudiArabiae 12,349

3 Russia 11,2274 Irand 4,600

5 Iraqd 4,465

6 Canada 4,4607 UnitedArabEmiratesd 4,073

8 China 3,9999 Kuwaitd 3,151

10 Brazil 2,605Top10consumers,2016‘000barrelsperday

1 UnitedStates 19,6312 China 12,3813 India 4,4894 Japan 4,0375 SaudiArabiad 3,906

6 Russia 3,2037 Brazil 3,0188 SouthKorea 2,7639 Germany 2,39410 Canada 2,343

NaturalgasTop10producers,2016Billioncubicmetres

1 UnitedStates 749.22 Russia 579.43 Irand 202.4

4 Qatard 181.2

5 Canada 152.06 China 138.47 Norway 116.68 SaudiArabiad 109.4

9 Algeriad 91.3

10 Australia 91.2Top10consumers,2016Billioncubicmetres

1 UnitedStates 778.62 Russia 390.93 China 210.34 Irane 200.8

5 Japan 111.26 SaudiArabiad 109.4

7 Canada 99.98 Mexico 89.59 Germany 80.510 UnitedArabEmiratesd 76.6

CoalTop10producers,2016Milliontonnesoilequivalent

1 China 1,685.72 UnitedStates 364.83 Australia 299.34 India 288.55 Indonesiae 255.7

6 Russia 192.87 SouthAfrica 142.48 Colombia 62.59 Poland 52.310 Kazakhstan 44.1

Top10consumers,2016Milliontonnesoilequivalent

1 China 1,887.62 India 411.93 UnitedStates 358.44 Japan 119.95 Russia 87.36 SouthAfrica 85.17 SouthKorea 81.68 Germany 75.39 Indonesiae 62.7

10 Poland 48.8

Oilreservesc

Topprovedreserves,end2016%ofworldtotal

1 Venezuelad 17.6

2 SaudiArabiad 15.6

3 Canada 104 Irand 9.3

5 Iraqd 9.0

6 Russia 6.47 Kuwaitd 5.9

8 UnitedArabEmiratesd 5.7

9 Libyad 2.8

UnitedStates 2.8

aSoyabeans,rapeseed(canola),cottonseed,sunflowerseedandgroundnuts(peanuts).bPalm,soyabean,rapeseedandsunflowerseedoil.cIncludescrudeoil,shaleoil,oilsandsandnaturalgasliquids.dOpecmember.eOpecmembershipsuspended30November2016.

Energy

LargestproducersMilliontonnesofoilequivalent,2014

1 China 3,0732 UnitedStates 2,4513 Russia 7724 India 6235 Japan 4776 Canada 3647 Germany 3228 Brazil 3219 SouthKorea 28110 Iran 26511 SaudiArabia 25512 France 25413 UnitedKingdom 20114 Mexico 18815 Indonesia 18516 Italy 16017 Australia 142 SouthAfrica 142

19 Spain 13720 Turkey 13121 Thailand 12922 Taiwan 11523 UnitedArabEmirates 107

Ukraine 106

24Ukraine 106

25 Poland 9826 Netherlands 9627 Argentina 9428 Egypt 9029 Malaysia 8730 Venezuela 83

LargestconsumersMilliontonnesofoilequivalent,2013

1 China 3,0732 UnitedStates 2,4513 Russia 7724 India 6235 Japan 4776 Canada 3647 Germany 3228 Brazil 3219 SouthKorea 28110 Iran 26511 SaudiArabia 25512 France 25413 UnitedKingdom 20114 Mexico 18815 Indonesia 18516 Italy 16017 Australia 142 SouthAfrica 142Spain 137

19Spain 137

20 Turkey 13121 Thailand 12922 Taiwan 11523 UnitedArabEmirates 10724 Ukraine 10625 Poland 9826 Netherlands 9627 Argentina 9428 Egypt 9029 Malaysia 8730 Venezuela 83

EnergyefficiencyaGDPperunitofenergyuse,2014Mostefficient

1 SouthSudan 32.82 HongKong 26.83 SriLanka 20.64 Cuba 19.65 Switzerland 18.56 Panama 18.47 Colombia 17.98 Ireland 17.79 DominicanRep. 17.2 Malta 17.2

11 Mauritius 16.4

Leastefficient1 Congo-Kinshasa 1.92 Trinidad&Tobago 2.23 Iceland 2.34 Mozambique 2.55 Ethiopia 2.9 Togo 2.9 Turkmenistan 2.98 Ukraine 3.49 Bahrain 4.110 Haiti 4.211 SouthAfrica 4.6

a2011PPP$perkgofoilequivalent.

Netenergyimporters%ofcommercialenergyuse,2014Highest

1 HongKong 99.02 Lebanon 98.0 Malta 98.0 Singapore 98.05 Jordan 97.06 Luxembourg 96.07 Cyprus 94.0 Japan 94.09 Morocco 91.010 Moldova 90.011 Belarus 87.0

DominicanRep. 87.0

DominicanRep. 87.0

Lowest

1 SouthSudan -1,0582 Norway -5833 Angola -5414 Congo-Brazzaville -4975 Qatar -3996 Kuwait -3917 Brunei -3578 Azerbaijan -3109 Colombia -27410 Iraq -22911 Gabon -21312 Oman -206

LargestconsumptionperpersonKgofoilequivalent,2014

1 Qatar 20,2922 Iceland 17,9163 Trinidad&Tobago 14,4474 Bahrain 10,3955 Kuwait 9,0276 Brunei 8,5157 Canada 7,8748 UnitedArabEmirates 7,7569 UnitedStates 6,94910 SaudiArabia 6,913

Luxembourg 6,861

11Luxembourg 6,861

12 Finland 6,21313 Oman 5,74314 Norway 5,59615 Australia 5,33816 SouthKorea 5,32317 Singapore 5,12218 Turkmenistan 5,04019 Sweden 4,96620 Russia 4,94321 Belgium 4,69922 Estonia 4,593

Sourcesofelectricity%oftotal,2014Oil

1 SouthSudan 99.62 Benin 99.5 Eritrea 99.54 Lebanon 98.95 Malta 96.7

Hydropower

1 Albania 100.0 Paraguay 100.03 Congo-Kinshasa 99.94 Nepal 99.85 Namibia 99.1

Coal1 Kosovo 96.92 Botswana 95.83 SouthAfrica 93.04 Mongolia 92.35 Estonia 87.4

Gas

1 Bahrain 100.0 Qatar 100.0 Turkmenistan 100.04 Trinidad&Tobago 99.85 Brunei 99.0

Nuclearpower

1 France 78.62 Slovakia 57.13 Belgium 53.34 Hungary 48.65 Sweden 47.2

Renewablesexcl.hydropower

1 Denmark 55.82 Nicaragua 45.73 ElSalvador 45.04 Iceland 33.85 Portugal 32.1

Labourmarkets

Labour-forceparticipation%ofworking-agepopulationaworkingorlookingforwork,2016orlatestHighest

1 Madagascar 86.42 Uganda 85.03 Rwanda 84.94 Qatar 84.15 Eritrea 83.96 Burundi 83.77 BurkinaFaso 83.48 Ethiopia 83.0 Nepal 83.0

10 Zimbabwe 82.511 Guinea 82.312 EquatorialGuinea 82.013 Malawi 81.114 Cambodia 81.015 Togo 80.916 NorthKorea 79.5 UnitedArabEmirates 79.5

18 Mozambique 79.119 Tanzania 78.520 Vietnam 78.421 CentralAfricanRep. 78.122 Myanmar 77.8

Laos 77.6

23 Laos 77.6

24 Botswana 77.525 Ghana 77.126 Cameroon 76.127 Zambia 75.328 Peru 74.3

Lowest

1 Jordan 40.12 Timor-Leste 41.43 Syria 41.74 Moldova 42.35 PuertoRico 42.56 Iraq 42.67 Algeria 43.88 Iran 44.79 Bosnia&Herz. 46.010 Lebanon 47.211 Mauritania 47.312 Tunisia 47.713 Sudan 48.214 Italy 48.315 Montenegro 48.816 Gabon 49.217 Morocco 49.318 Egypt 49.619 Yemen 49.820 Albania 50.3 Turkey 50.3Serbia 51.4

22 Serbia 51.4

23 SriLanka 51.724 Greece 51.825 Croatia 52.2 Swaziland 52.2

MostmaleworkforceHighest%meninworkforce,2016

1 UnitedArabEmirates 87.62 Oman 87.23 Syria 85.34 SaudiArabia 84.85 Qatar 84.76 Jordan 82.57 Afghanistan 82.48 Iraq 82.29 Iran 81.910 Algeria 80.711 Bahrain 80.212 WestBank&Gaza 79.613 Pakistan 77.814 Egypt 76.915 India 75.716 Lebanon 75.1

MostfemaleworkforceHighest%womeninworkforce,2016

1 Mozambique 54.4Rwanda 54.4

Rwanda 54.4

3 Burundi 51.74 Togo 51.25 Laos 51.06 Nepal 50.87 Malawi 50.58 Congo-Kinshasa 50.19 Ghana 50.010 Barbados 49.9 Lithuania 49.9

12 Myanmar 49.713 Latvia 49.614 SierraLeone 49.515 Benin 49.4

aAged15andover.

Highestrateofunemployment%oflabourforcea,2016

1 Kosovob 32.9

2 Réunionb 30.2

3 Gambia,The 29.74 Lesotho 27.45 Macedonia 26.76 Guadeloupeb 26.2

7 SouthAfrica 25.9 WestBank&Gazab 25.9

9 Bosnia&Herz. 25.810 Namibia 25.6

Swaziland 25.3

11 Swaziland 25.3

12 Mozambique 24.413 Greece 23.914 FrenchGuianab 23.8

15 Martiniqueb 23.2

16 Spain 19.417 Libya 19.218 Gabon 18.519 Botswana 18.420 FrenchPolynesia 17.921 Montenegro 17.5 Oman 17.5

23 Yemen 17.124 Armenia 16.825 Serbia 16.526 Albania 16.327 Iraq 16.028 Bahamas 15.329 NewCaledonia 14.930 Tunisia 14.831 DominicanRep. 14.432 Syria 14.333 Croatia 13.534 Jamaica 13.3 Sudan 13.3

36 Haiti 13.2 Jordan 13.2

38 PuertoRico 12.639 Egypt 12.0

40 Cyprus 11.7 Mauritania 11.7

42 Georgia 11.643 Brazil 11.5 Italy 11.5

45 Barbados 11.4 Guyana 11.4

Highestrateofyouthunemployment%oflabourforceaaged15–24,2016estimates

aILOdefinition.b2015

MinimumwageAs%ofthemedianwageoffull-timeworkersa,2015

1 Turkey 70.22 Chile 66.23 France 62.34 NewZealand 59.8 Slovenia 59.86 Israel 58.17 Portugal 56.98 Luxembourg 54.89 Australia 53.510 Hungary 52.511 Latvia 51.812 Poland 51.313 Belgium 49.214 UnitedKingdom 48.715 SouthKorea 48.416 Germany 47.817 Greece 47.418 Slovakia 47.319 Netherlands 45.920 Canada 44.521 Ireland 44.422 Estonia 41.323 Japan 39.824 CzechRepublic 38.8

25 Mexico 37.526 Spain 36.827 UnitedStates 35.8

AveragehoursworkedPeremployedpersonperweek,2015

1 Nepal 53.62 Egypt 53.03 Myanmar 50.84 Qatar 50.05 Pakistan 47.46 Turkey 46.77 Macau 46.08 Malaysia 45.49 Mongolia 45.010 Peru 44.611 Singapore 44.212 SaudiArabia 44.113 HongKong 44.014 SouthKorea 43.615 Vietnam 43.516 SouthAfrica 43.417 CostaRica 43.018 Mexico 42.719 Serbia 42.620 Colombia 42.221 Guatemala 42.022 DominicanRep. 41.7

Macedonia 41.5

23Macedonia 41.5

Montenegro 41.5

Povertypay%ofworkerspaid$2orlessperday,2015

1 Madagascar 94.62 Liberia 93.03 CentralAfricanRep. 90.74 Burundi 88.75 Afghanistan 87.56 Congo-Kinshasa 86.77 Malawi 81.68 Guinea-Bissau 79.99 Mali 79.010 Guinea 72.311 Zambia 71.612 Eritrea 71.113 Nigeria 68.914 Rwanda 68.615 Niger 67.616 Bangladesh 62.817 Benin 62.6 Tanzania 62.6

19 Zimbabwe 62.520 Mozambique 61.321 Togo 60.722 SierraLeone 57.823 Laos 56.9

Senegal 56.6

24Senegal 56.6

25 BurkinaFaso 56.226 India 53.327 Uganda 53.128 Congo-Brazzaville 51.829 Chad 51.230 Lesotho 49.4

aOECDcountries.

Businesscostsandforeigndirectinvestment

OfficerentsRent,taxesandoperatingexpenses,Q12016,$persq.ft.

ForeigndirectinvestmentaInflows,$m,2015

1 UnitedStates 379,8942 HongKong 174,8923 China 135,6104 Ireland 100,5425 Netherlands 72,6496 Switzerland 68,8387 Singapore 65,2628 Brazil 64,6489 Canada 48,64310 India 44,20811 France 42,88312 UnitedKingdom 39,53313 Germany 31,71914 Belgium 31,02915 Mexico 30,28516 Luxembourg 24,59617 Australia 22,264

Outflows,$m,2015

1 UnitedStates 299,9692 Japan 128,6543 China 127,5604 Netherlands 113,4295 Ireland 101,6166 Germany 94,3137 Switzerland 70,277

Canada 67,182

8Canada 67,182

9 HongKong 55,14310 Luxembourg 39,37111 Belgium 38,54712 Singapore 35,48513 France 35,06914 Spain 34,58615 SouthKorea 27,64016 Italy 27,60717 Russia 26,558

Note:CBDisCentralBusinessDistrict.aInvestmentincompaniesinaforeigncountry.

Businesscreativityandresearch

EntrepreneurialactivityPercentageofpopulationaged18–64whoareeitheranascententrepreneuraorowner-managerofanewbusiness,average2011–16Highest

1 Zambia 40.72 Senegal 38.63 Nigeria 36.64 Uganda 32.25 Ecuador 32.16 Malawi 31.87 Ghana 31.28 Cameroon 30.19 Botswana 28.610 BurkinaFaso 28.311 Bolivia 27.412 Lebanon 25.7 Namibia 25.7

14 Angola 25.415 Chile 24.616 Peru 23.817 Colombia 22.318 Thailand 18.419 Brazil 18.120 Guatemala 18.0 Philippines 18.0

22 Indonesia 17.9

Trinidad&Tobago 17.924 Argentina 17.025 ElSalvador 16.326 Barbados 16.1

Lowest

1 Suriname 3.62 Bulgaria 4.2 Japan 4.24 Italy 4.35 Morocco 5.06 Germany 5.1 Russia 5.18 Denmark 5.2 France 5.2

10 Malaysia 5.311 Belgium 5.5 Spain 5.5

13 UnitedArabEmirates 5.914 Slovenia 6.015 Finland 6.116 Norway 6.317 Macedonia 6.618 Greece 6.719 Sweden 7.020 Switzerland 7.221 Croatia 7.422 CzechRepublic 7.5 SouthKorea 7.5Tunisia 7.5

Tunisia 7.5

25 Algeria 7.6

BraindrainsbHighest,2016

1 Serbia 1.7 Venezuela 1.73 Bosnia&Herz. 1.9 Moldova 1.9 Yemen 1.96 Romania 2.17 Burundi 2.2 Croatia 2.29 Hungary 2.4 Zimbabwe 2.4

11 Kyrgyzstan 2.5 Mongolia 2.5 Ukraine 2.5

Lowest,2016

1 Switzerland 6.12 UnitedArabEmirates 5.6 UnitedStates 5.64 Norway 5.5 Qatar 5.5 Singapore 5.57 UnitedKingdom 5.48 Malaysia 5.39 Finland 5.2

HongKong 5.2 Netherlands 5.2

12 Luxembourg 5.113 Sweden 5.014 Chile 4.9 Iceland 4.9

16 Canada 4.8 Germany 4.8

aAnindividualwhohasstartedanewfirmwhichhasnotpaidwagesforoverthreemonths.

bScores:1=talentedpeopleleaveforothercountries;7=theystayandpursueopportunitiesinthecountry.

TotalexpenditureonR&D$bn,2015

1 UnitedStates 502.92 China 227.63 Japan 144.04 Germany 96.75 SouthKorea 58.36 France 53.97 UnitedKingdom 48.78 Brazilb 39.7

9 Australiab 32.3

10 Canadaa 28.8

11 Italy 24.312 Switzerlandc 19.7

13 Indiaa 18.3

Sweden 16.2

14Sweden 16.2

15 Taiwan 16.016 Netherlands 15.117 Russia 15.018 Spain 14.619 Israel 12.720 Austria 11.6

%ofGDP,2015

1 Israel 4.302 SouthKorea 4.233 Japan 3.494 Sweden 3.285 Austria 3.106 Taiwan 3.067 Denmark 3.028 Switzerlandc 2.97

9 Finland 2.9310 Germany 2.8811 UnitedStates 2.8012 Belgium 2.4613 France 2.2314 Slovenia 2.2115 Iceland 2.20 Singaporea 2.20

17 Australiab 2.15

18 China 2.0919 Netherlands 2.0120 CzechRepublic 1.98

Innovationindexd

a2014b2013c2012dTheinnovationindexaveragescountries’capacityforinnovation(inputs)andsuccessininnovation(outputs),basedon79indicators.

Businessesandbanks

Largestnon-financialcompaniesBymarketcapitalisation,$bn,endDecember2016

Bynetprofit,$bn,2016

LargestbanksBymarketcapitalisation,$bn,endDecember2016

1 JPMorganChase UnitedStates 308.82 WellsFargo UnitedStates 276.83 Industrial&Commercial

BankofChinaChina 223.4

4 BankofAmerica UnitedStates 223.35 ChinaConstructionBank China 192.66 Citigroup UnitedStates 169.47 HSBC UnitedKingdom 161.1

AgriculturalBankof China 144.0

8 AgriculturalBankofChina

China 144.0

9 BankofChina China 141.610 CommonwealthBankof

AustraliaAustralia 102.5

11 RoyalBankofCanada Canada 100.412 TDBankGroup Canada 91.513 MitsubishiUFJ Japan 87.514 BNPParibas France 79.615 Westpac Australia 79.0

Byassets,$bn,endDecember20161 Industrial&Commercial

BankofChinaChina 3,478

2 ChinaConstructionBank China 3,0213 AgriculturalBankof

ChinaChina 2,820

4 BankofChina China 2,6155 MitsubishiUFJ Japan 2,5906 JPMorganChase UnitedStates 2,5467 HSBC UnitedKingdom 2,3758 BankofAmerica UnitedStates 2,2489 BNPParibas France 2,19110 WellsFargo UnitedStates 1,95211 Citigroup UnitedStates 1,82212 JapanPost Japan 1,80213 Mizuho Japan 1,75214 DeutscheBank Germany 1,67415 CréditAgricole France 1,608

Largestsovereign-wealthfundsByassets,$bn,April2017

1 GovernmentPensionFund,Norway 9222 AbuDhabiInvestmentAuthority,UAE 8283 ChinaInvestmentCorporation 8144 KuwaitInvestmentAuthority 5925 SAMAForeignHoldings,SaudiArabia 5146 HongKongMonetaryAuthorityInvestmentPortfolio 4577 SAFEInvestmentCompany,Chinaa 441

8 GovernmentofSingaporeInvestmentCorporation 3509 QatarInvestmentAuthority 33510 ChinaNationalSocialSecurityFund 295

Note:Countrieslistedrefertothecompany’sdomicile.aEstimate.

Stockmarkets

Largestmarketcapitalisation$bn,end2016

1 NYSE 19,5732 Nasdaq–US 7,7793 JapanExchangeGroup 5,0624 ShanghaiSE 4,1045 LondonSEGroup 3,4966 Euronext 3,4937 ShenzhenSE 3,2178 HongKongExchanges 3,1939 TMXGroup 2,04210 DeutscheBörse 1,73211 BSEIndia 1,56112 NationalStockExchangeofIndia 1,53413 SIXSwissExchange 1,41514 AustralianSecuritiesExchangea 1,317

15 KoreaExchangeb 1,282

16 NasdaqOMXNordicExchangesc 1,260

17 JohannesburgSE 95918 TaiwanSE 86219 BM&FBOVESPA 77420 BMESpanishExchanges 71121 SingaporeExchange 64922 MoscowExchange 62223 SaudiSETadawul 449

StockExchangeofThailand 437

24 StockExchangeofThailand 437

25 IndonesiaStockExchange 43426 BursaMalaysia 36327 BolsaMexicanadeValores 33428 PhilippineStockExchange 24029 OsloBors 23430 Tel-AvivStockExchange 21531 BolsadeComerciodeSantiago 21232 BorsaIstanbul 15833 QatarStockExchange 15534 WarsawStockExchange 14135 AbuDhabiSecuritiesExchange 121 IrishStockExchange 121

37 BolsadeValoresdeColombia 10338 TehranStockExchange 101 WienerBorse 101

Stockmarketgainsandlosses$terms,%changeDecember31st2015toDecember30th2016Largestgains

1 Russia(RTS) 82.12 Brazil(BVSP) 68.93 Pakistan(KSE) 46.24 Hungary(BUX) 32.95 Colombia(IGBC) 25.06 Canada(S&PTSX) 21.77 Norway(OSEAX) 21.28 Chile(IGPA) 20.99 Thailand(SET) 20.4

10 Argentina(MERV) 18.511 Indonesia(JSX) 18.012 US(DJIA) 13.413 SouthAfrica(FTSEJSE) 13.214 Taiwan(TWI) 13.115 US(S&P500) 9.516 US(NAScomp) 7.517 Netherlands(AEX) 6.218 Australia(ASX) 6.1 Austria(ATX) 6.1

20 Poland(WIG) 5.4Largestlosses

1 Venezuela(IBC) -95.62 China(SSEB) -25.13 Egypt(Case30) -23.94 China(SSEA) -18.05 Denmark(OMXCB) -14.26 Italy(FTSEMIB) -12.87 MexicoIPC -11.08 Turkey(BIST) -9.69 Switzerland(SMI) -8.210 Malaysia(KLSE) -7.211 CzechRepublic(PX) -6.412 Belgium(Bel20) -5.413 Spain(MadridSE) -5.114 UK(FTSE100) -4.115 Europe(FTSEurofirst300) -3.516 Sweden(OMXS30) -2.7

Euroarea(EUROSTOXX50) -2.2

17 Euroarea(EUROSTOXX50) -2.2

18 Singapore(STI) -1.919 Israel(TA125) -1.820 Euroarea(FTSEEuro100) -1.3

aIncludesinvestmentfunds.bIncludesKosdaq.cCopenhagen,Helsinki,Iceland,Stockholm,Tallinn,RigaandVilniusstockexchanges.

Valuetradeda

$bn,20161 Nasdaq–US 31,9442 NYSE 19,7373 BATSGlobalMarkets–US 13,6834 ShenzhenSE 11,6735 ShanghaiSE 7,5356 JapanExchangeGroupInc. 6,3547 BATSChi-xEurope 3,2158 LondonSEGroup 3,1219 Euronext 1,80210 KoreaExchangeb 1,688

11 HongKongExchanges 1,35012 DeutscheBörse 1,32413 TMXGroup 1,17614 AustralianSecuritiesExchangec 911

15 SIXSwissExchange 87016 NasdaqOMXNordicExchanged 779

17 BMESpanishExchanges 71418 NationalStockExchangeofIndia 691

19 BM&FBOVESPA 53520 TaiwanSE 52221 JohannesburgSE 40422 StockExchangeofThailand 34023 BorsaIstanbul 33124 SaudiSE–Tadawul 30925 SingaporeExchange 19726 TaipeiExchange 15727 MoscowExchange 139 IndonesiaSE 139

29 MexicanExchange 12330 OsloBors 11931 BursaMalaysia 11632 BSEIndia 11033 Tel-AvivSE 5934 WarsawSE 53

NumberoflistedcompanieseEnd2016

1 BSEIndiaLimited 5,8212 JapanExchangeGroupInc. 3,5413 BMESpanishExchanges 3,5064 TMXGroup 3,4195 Nasdaq–US 2,8976 LSEGroup 2,5887 NYSE 2,3078 AustralianSecuritiesExchangec 2,095

9 KoreaExchangeb 2,059

HongKongExchanges 1,973

10 HongKongExchanges 1,973

11 ShenzhenStockExchange 1,87012 NationalStockExchangeofIndia 1,84013 ShanghaiStockExchange 1,18214 Euronext 1,05115 NasdaqNordicExchangesd 938

16 TaiwanStockExchange 91117 BursaMalaysia 90318 WarsawStockExchange 89319 SingaporeExchange 75720 TaipeiExchange 73221 StockExchangeofThailand 65622 DeutscheBörse 59223 IndonesiaStockExchange 53724 Tel-AvivStockExchange 45125 BorsaIstanbul 38126 HanoiStockExchange 376 JohannesburgStockExchange 376

28 BM&FBOVESPA 34929 TehranStockExchange 32530 HochiminhStockExchange 32031 BolsadeComerciodeSantiago 29832 ColomboStockExchange 29533 DhakaStockExchange 29434 PhilippineStockExchange 26535 BolsadeValoresdeLima 264 SIXSwissExchange 264

Note:Figuresarenotentirelycomparableduetodifferentreportingrulesand

calculations.aIncludeselectronicandnegotiateddeals.bIncludesKosdaq.cIncludesinvestmentfunds.dCopenhagen,Helsinki,Iceland,Stockholm,Tallinn,RigaandVilniusstockexchanges.eDomesticandforeign.

Publicfinance

GovernmentdebtAs%ofGDP,2016

1 Japan 233.72 Greece 185.73 Italy 159.34 Portugal 151.05 Belgium 127.06 France 122.77 Spain 118.48 UnitedStates 115.69 UnitedKingdom 112.510 Euroarea(15) 109.111 Austria 106.012 Canada 100.413 Slovenia 99.414 Hungary 97.515 Ireland 91.016 Finland 78.017 Netherlands 76.118 Germany 74.719 Poland 67.520 Iceland 64.421 Israel 62.722 Slovakia 59.223 Denmark 53.7

Sweden 52.9

24Sweden 52.9

25 CzechRepublic 52.326 Latvia 46.227 Australia 45.428 SouthKorea 44.229 Switzerland 43.130 Norway 41.7

GovernmentspendingAs%ofGDP,2016

1 Finland 57.52 France 56.53 Denmark 55.44 Belgium 53.25 Greece 52.36 Austria 51.17 Norway 51.08 Sweden 50.39 Hungary 49.910 Italy 49.511 Euroarea(15) 48.112 Portugal 46.213 Slovenia 45.514 Netherlands 44.715 Germany 44.316 Slovakia 43.617 Spain 42.818 Luxembourg 42.4

Poland 41.7

19Poland 41.7

20 Iceland 41.421 UnitedKingdom 41.322 Canada 41.123 Japan 41.0 NewZealand 41.0

25 CzechRepublic 40.426 Estonia 40.027 Israel 39.328 UnitedStates 38.029 Latvia 37.130 Australia 36.4

TaxrevenueAs%ofGDP,2015

1 Denmark 46.62 France 45.53 Belgium 44.84 Finland 44.05 Austria 43.56 Italy 43.3 Sweden 43.38 Hungary 39.49 Norway 38.110 Netherlands 37.811 Iceland 37.112 Luxembourg 37.013 Germany 36.9

Greece 36.8

14Greece 36.8

15 Slovenia 36.616 Portugal 34.517 Spain 33.818 Estonia 33.619 CzechRepublic 33.520 NewZealand 32.821 UnitedKingdom 32.522 Slovakia 32.323 Poland 32.124 Japan 32.025 Canada 31.926 Israel 31.4

Note:IncludesonlyOECDcountries.

Democracy

DemocracyindexMostdemocratic=100,2016Most

1 Norway 87.12 Switzerland 86.73 Sweden 86.24 Finland 86.05 Denmark 85.16 Netherlands 83.37 NewZealand 81.48 Germany 81.39 Ireland 80.910 Australia 80.511 Belgium 80.312 Austria 79.9 Canada 79.9

14 UnitedKingdom 79.615 France 78.216 UnitedStates 76.517 Slovenia 75.918 Japan 75.519 Spain 75.320 Portugal 74.8

Least

Yemen 22.5

1 Yemen 22.5

2 Libya 29.53 Pakistan 34.94 Egypt 35.75 IvoryCoast 38.16 China 38.37 Bahrain 38.68 Haiti 39.09 Nigeria 39.310 Guinea 39.4 Togo 39.4

12 Mali 39.513 Venezuela 42.214 Morocco 42.5 Mozambique 42.5

16 Lebanon 42.917 Kyrgyzstan 43.0 Russia 43.0

19 Niger 43.220 BurkinaFaso 45.3

ParliamentaryseatsLowerorsinglehouse,seatsper100,000population,April2017Most

1 Liechtenstein 62.52 Monaco 60.03 Andorra 28.04 Maldives 21.35 Iceland 21.0

6 Malta 16.37 Montenegro 13.58 EquatorialGuinea 12.59 Brunei 11.310 Suriname 10.2

Fewest

1 India 0.042 UnitedStates 0.143 Pakistan 0.184 Nigeria 0.205 Bangladesh 0.22 China 0.22 Indonesia 0.228 Brazil 0.259 Philippines 0.2910 Russia 0.31

WomeninparliamentLowerorsinglehouse,womenas%oftotalseats,April2017

1 Rwanda 61.32 Bolivia 53.13 Cuba 48.94 Iceland 47.65 Nicaragua 45.76 Sweden 43.67 Senegal 42.78 Mexico 42.6

SouthAfrica 42.1

9SouthAfrica 42.1

10 Finland 42.011 Namibia 41.312 Mozambique 39.6 Norway 39.6

14 Spain 39.115 Argentina 38.916 Ethiopia 38.817 Timor-Leste 38.518 Angola 38.219 Belgium 38.0 Ecuador 38.0

21 Denmark 37.422 Germany 37.0

Education

PrimaryenrolmentNumberenrolledas%ofrelevantagegroupHighest

1 Madagascar 1492 Malawi 1463 Timor-Leste 1374 Nepal 1365 Rwanda 1346 Benin 1297 SierraLeone 1288 Burundi 1249 Suriname 12310 Togo 12211 Sweden 12112 Bangladesh 12013 Cambodia 117 Cameroon 117 Georgia 117 Philippines 117

Lowest

1 Eritrea 502 SouthSudan 643 Sudan 704 Niger 735 Mali 76

6 Congo-Brazzaville 777 EquatorialGuinea 798 Syria 809 Senegal 82 Tanzania 82

11 Guyana 8512 BurkinaFaso 8813 PuertoRico 89 Turkmenistan 89

HighestsecondaryenrolmentNumberenrolledas%ofrelevantagegroup

1 Belgium 1652 Finland 1493 Australia 1384 Sweden 1335 Netherlands 1326 Denmark 130 Spain 1308 Thailand 1299 UnitedKingdom 12810 Ireland 12711 CostaRica 12312 Iceland 11913 NewZealand 11714 Liechtenstein 116 Portugal 116

16 Estonia 115Latvia 115

Latvia 115

18 Norway 11319 Kazakhstan 11220 France 111 Slovenia 111

22 Canada 110

HighesttertiaryenrolmentaNumberenrolledas%ofrelevantagegroup

1 Greece 1142 SouthKorea 953 Australia 90 Spain 905 Chile 896 Belarus 887 Finland 878 Turkey 86 UnitedStates 86

10 PuertoRico 8411 Argentina 83 Slovenia 83

13 Austria 82 Denmark 82 Ukraine 82

16 Iceland 81 NewZealand 81

18 Netherlands 79 Russia 79Ireland 78

20Ireland 78

Notes:Latestavailableyear2012–16.Thegrossenrolmentratiosshownaretheactualnumberenrolledasapercentageofthenumberofchildrenintheofficialprimaryagegroup.Theymayexceed100when,eg,childrenoutsidetheprimaryagegrouparereceivingprimaryeducation.aTertiaryeducationincludesalllevelsofpost-secondaryeducationincludingcoursesleadingtoawardsnotequivalenttoauniversitydegree,coursesleadingtoafirstuniversitydegreeandpostgraduatecourses.

Leastliterate%adultpopulation

1 Niger 19.12 Guinea 30.53 SouthSudan 32.04 Mali 33.15 CentralAfricanRep. 36.86 BurkinaFaso 37.77 Afghanistan 38.28 Benin 38.49 Chad 40.010 IvoryCoast 43.311 Liberia 47.612 SierraLeone 48.413 Ethiopia 49.014 Mauritania 52.115 Gambia,The 55.6 Senegal 55.6

17 Pakistan 56.418 Sudan 58.619 Mozambique 58.8

Nigeria 59.6

20 Nigeria 59.621 Guinea-Bissau 59.822 Haiti 60.723 Bangladesh 61.524 PapuaNewGuinea 63.425 Timor-Leste 64.126 Madagascar 64.7 Nepal 64.7

28 Malawi 66.029 Togo 66.530 Yemen 70.031 Angola 71.2 Rwanda 71.2

33 Morocco 71.734 India 72.235 Eritrea 73.8 Uganda 73.8

Educationspending

Marriageanddivorce

HighestmarriageratesNumberofmarriagesper1,000population,2015orlatestavailableyear

1 Tajikistan 11.62 Lebanon 11.23 Egypt 11.04 Kazakhstan 9.95 China 9.6 Uzbekistan 9.6 WestBank&Gaza 9.68 Iran 9.39 Jordan 9.210 Azerbaijan 8.9 Belarus 8.9

12 Kyrgyzstan 8.713 Russia 8.514 Guam 8.315 Albania 8.2 Bermuda 8.2

17 HongKong 7.8 Turkey 7.8

19 Mauritius 7.720 Lithuania 7.621 Singapore 7.322 Moldova 7.223 Georgia 7.0

Ukraine 6.9

24Ukraine 6.9

25 Jamaica 6.8 UnitedStates 6.8

27 Barbados 6.7 Macedonia 6.7 Malta 6.7

30 Israel 6.531 Cyprus 6.432 Guyana 6.3 Latvia 6.3

34 Armenia 6.035 Romania 5.9 SouthKorea 5.9 Trinidad&Tobago 5.9

38 Bahamas 5.8 Macau 5.8 Mongolia 5.8

41 Montenegro 5.7

LowestmarriageratesNumberofmarriagesper1,000population,2015orlatestavailableyear

1 Qatar 1.82 Martinique 2.53 Argentina 2.84 Guadeloupe 3.0 Luxembourg 3.0 Portugal 3.0 Uruguay 3.0Venezuela 3.0

Venezuela 3.0

9 Italy 3.1 Peru 3.1

11 Slovenia 3.212 Panama 3.3 Réunion 3.3

14 Bulgaria 3.4 Spain 3.4

16 Chile 3.517 Belgium 3.618 Andorra 3.7 France 3.7

20 Suriname 3.821 Hungary 3.9 Netherlands 3.9 NewCaledonia 3.9

24 Kuwait 4.025 Austria 4.3 CzechRepublic 4.3

27 Finland 4.5 NewZealand 4.5 UnitedKingdom 4.5

30 Croatia 4.6 Iceland 4.6 Norway 4.6

33 Estonia 4.734 Bosnia&Herz. 4.8 DominicanRep. 4.8 Germany 4.8Ireland 4.8

Ireland 4.8

Mexico 4.839 Greece 4.9 PuertoRico 4.9 Slovakia 4.9

42 Denmark 5.0 Liechtenstein 5.0 Poland 5.0

Note:Thedataarebasedonlatestavailablefigures(noearlierthan2010)andhencewillbeaffectedbythepopulationagestructureatthetime.Marriageratesrefertoregisteredmarriagesonlyand,therefore,reflectthecustomssurroundingregistryandefficiencyofadministration.

HighestdivorceratesNumberofdivorcesper1,000population,2015orlatestavailableyeara

1 Russia 4.52 Belarus 3.73 Guam 3.64 Denmark 3.4 PuertoRico 3.46 Lithuania 3.37 Latvia 3.18 Cuba 3.0 Kazakhstan 3.0 Moldova 3.0 Ukraine 3.0

12 UnitedStates 2.813 Sweden 2.7

Luxembourg 2.6

14Luxembourg 2.6

15 Belgium 2.5 CzechRepublic 2.5 Finland 2.5

18 Estonia 2.4 Jordan 2.4 Liechtenstein 2.4

21 Cyprus 2.2 Portugal 2.2 Spain 2.2

LowestdivorceratesNumberofdivorcesper1,000population,2015orlatestavailableyeara

1 Chile 0.12 Guatemala 0.33 Bosnia&Herz. 0.4 Peru 0.45 Ireland 0.6 Jamaica 0.67 Qatar 0.78 Malta 0.89 Italy 0.9 Mexico 0.9 Montenegro 0.9 Uzbekistan 0.9

13 Armenia 1.014 Macedonia 1.1 Martinique 1.1Panama 1.1

Panama 1.1

Serbia 1.1 Tajikistan 1.1

19 Bahamas 1.2 NewCaledonia 1.2 Slovenia 1.2

22 Albania 1.3 Azerbaijan 1.3 Mongolia 1.3

25 Kyrgyzstan 1.4 Romania 1.4 Suriname 1.4

28 Bulgaria 1.5 Greece 1.5

MeanageofwomenatfirstmarriageYears,2012orlatestavailableyear

Youngesta

1 Niger 15.72 Bangladesh 16.0 Chad 16.04 Guinea 16.55 Mali 16.76 SierraLeone 17.17 Ethiopia 17.48 Mozambique 17.59 India 17.810 BurkinaFaso 17.9

Malawi 17.9

Malawi 17.9

Nepal 17.913 Afghanistan 18.014 Nicaragua 18.1

Oldestb

1 Sweden 32.92 Denmark 32.1 Iceland 32.14 Ireland 31.25 Norway 31.0 Spain 31.07 Netherlands 30.48 Finland 30.3 Germany 30.3

10 Italy 30.111 France 30.012 Luxembourg 29.9 UnitedKingdom 29.9

14 Switzerland 29.4

aNoearlierthan2010.bNoearlierthan2000.

Households,livingcostsandgiving

NumberofhouseholdsBiggest,m,2015

1 China 452.82 India 268.63 UnitedStates 124.54 Indonesia 65.35 Brazil 62.16 Russia 56.57 Japan 53.08 Germany 41.69 Nigeria 38.310 Bangladesh 37.111 Mexico 32.812 France 29.313 Pakistan 28.114 Italy 27.315 UnitedKingdom 27.216 Vietnam 27.117 Iran 24.318 Egypt 23.419 Philippines 22.920 Thailand 22.521 Ethiopia 21.922 Turkey 21.223 Spain 18.8

SouthKorea 18.7

24SouthKorea 18.7

25 Ukraine 17.726 SouthAfrica 15.327 Poland 14.128 Canada 14.029 Argentina 13.530 Colombia 13.331 Congo-Kinshasa 11.532 Tanzania 11.233 Myanmar 11.134 Kenya 10.835 NorthKorea 9.636 Australia 8.837 Uganda 8.238 Venezuela 7.939 Peru 7.8 Taiwan 7.8

Averagehouseholdsize,peopleBiggest,2015

1 Guinea 8.62 Angola 8.53 Senegal 8.24 Chad 7.9 EquatorialGuinea 7.9 Gambia,The 7.97 Gabon 7.8 Guinea-Bissau 7.8Oman 6.9

9 Oman 6.9

10 Congo-Kinshasa 6.7 Mauritania 6.7 Pakistan 6.7 Yemen 6.7

14 Maldives 6.515 Iraq 6.3 PapuaNewGuinea 6.3 Tajikistan 6.3 Turkmenistan 6.3

19 Libya 6.1 Mali 6.1

21 Niger 6.022 Kosovo 5.9

Smallest,2015

1 Germany 1.9 Sweden 1.93 Luxembourg 2.04 Finland 2.15 France 2.2 Italy 2.2 Lithuania 2.2 Netherlands 2.29 Austria 2.3 CzechRepublic 2.3 Estonia 2.3

12 Bulgaria 2.4 Denmark 2.4

Hungary 2.4 Japan 2.4 Latvia 2.4 Slovenia 2.4 UnitedKingdom 2.4

19 Portugal 2.5 Russia 2.5 Spain 2.5 Ukraine 2.5

CostoflivingaDecember2016,US=100Highest

1 Singapore 1202 HongKong 1143 Japan 1104 SouthKorea 1085 France 107 Switzerland 1077 Denmark 100 UnitedStates 1009 Israel 99 Norway 99

11 Australia 9812 Finland 92 Iceland 92 NewZealand 92

15 Austria 91UnitedKingdom 89

16UnitedKingdom 89

17 Ireland 8818 Jordan 8519 Italy 8220 Belgium 81 Canada 81 NewCaledonia 81

23 Spain 80 Sweden 80

25 China 79Lowest

1 Kazakhstan 382 Nigeria 393 Pakistan 444 Algeria 455 India 47 Romania 47 Ukraine 478 Zambia 499 Iran 50 Syria 50 Venezuela 50

12 Nepal 5113 Paraguay 51 SouthAfrica 51

15 Bulgaria 54 Panama 54 SaudiArabia 54Serbia 55

18 Serbia 55

19 Hungary 56 Senegal 56 SriLanka 56

22 Morocco 5723 Oman 58 Poland 58

WorldGivingIndexbTopgivers,%ofpopulation,2015

1 Myanmar 702 UnitedStates 613 Australia 604 NewZealand 595 SriLanka 576 Canada 56 Indonesia 568 Ireland 54 UnitedKingdom 54

10 UnitedArabEmirates 5311 Kenya 52 Netherlands 52 Uzbekistan 52

14 Norway 50 Turkmenistan 50

16 Iceland 49 Malta 49

18 Kuwait 48Denmark 47

19Denmark 47

Germany 4721 Finland 46 Malaysia 46 Switzerland 46

24 Sweden 4525 Mongolia 44 Singapore 44 Uganda 44

aThecostoflivingindexshowniscompiledbytheEconomistIntelligenceUnitforusebycompaniesindeterminingexpatriatecompensation:itisacomparisonofthecostofmaintainingatypicalinternationallifestyleinthecountryratherthanacomparisonofthepurchasingpowerofacitizenofthecountry.Theindexisbasedontypicalurbanpricesaninternationalexecutiveandfamilywillfaceabroad.Thepricesareforproductsofinternationalcomparablequalityfoundinasupermarketordepartmentstore.Pricesfoundinlocalmarketsandbazaarsarenotusedunlesstheavailablemerchandiseisofthespecifiedqualityandtheshoppingareaitselfissafeforexecutiveandfamilymembers.NewYorkCitypricesareusedasthebase,soUnitedStates=100.

bThreecriteriaareusedtoassessgiving:inthepreviousmonththosesurveyedeithergavemoneytocharity,gavetimetothoseinneedorhelpedastranger.

Transport:roadsandcars

LongestroadnetworksKmofroadperkm2landarea,2015orlatest

1 Monaco 38.52 Macau 13.63 Malta 9.74 Bermuda 8.95 Bahrain 5.36 Belgium 5.17 Singapore 4.98 Netherlands 4.19 Barbados 3.710 Japan 3.411 PuertoRico 3.012 Liechtenstein 2.513 Hungary 2.314 Bangladesh 2.0 France 2.0 HongKong 2.0 Jamaica 2.0 Luxembourg 2.0

19 Guam 1.9 India 1.9 Slovenia 1.9

22 Denmark 1.8 Germany 1.8Switzerland 1.8

Switzerland 1.8

25 CzechRepublic 1.7 Italy 1.7 UnitedKingdom 1.7

28 Austria 1.5 SriLanka 1.5

30 Cyprus 1.4 Estonia 1.4 Ireland 1.4 Poland 1.4

34 Lithuania 1.3 Spain 1.3

36 Taiwan 1.237 Latvia 1.1 Mauritius 1.1 SouthKorea 1.1 Sweden 1.1

41 Romania 1.042 Greece 0.9 Israel 0.9 Portugal 0.9 Slovakia 0.9

46 CostaRica 0.8 Qatar 0.8

DensestroadnetworksKmofroadperkm2landarea,2015orlatest

1 Monaco 38.5Macau 13.6

2Macau 13.6

3 Malta 9.74 Bermuda 8.95 Bahrain 5.36 Belgium 5.17 Singapore 4.98 Netherlands 4.19 Barbados 3.710 Japan 3.411 PuertoRico 312 Liechtenstein 2.513 Hungary 2.314 Bangladesh 2 France 2 HongKong 2 Jamaica 2 Luxembourg 2

19 Guam 1.9 India 1.9 Slovenia 1.9

22 Denmark 1.8 Germany 1.8 Switzerland 1.8

25 CzechRepublic 1.7 Italy 1.7 UnitedKingdom 1.7

28 Austria 1.5 SriLanka 1.5

30 Cyprus 1.4Estonia 1.4

Estonia 1.4 Ireland 1.4 Poland 1.4

34 Lithuania 1.3 Spain 1.3

36 Taiwan 1.237 Latvia 1.1 Mauritius 1.1 SouthKorea 1.1 Sweden 1.1

41 Romania 142 Greece 0.9 Israel 0.9 Portugal 0.9 Slovakia 0.9

MostcrowdedroadnetworksNumberofvehiclesperkmofroadnetwork,2014orlatest

1 Japan 628.42 UnitedArabEmirates 479.03 Monaco 427.34 HongKong 310.65 Kuwait 263.76 Bahrain 252.37 Singapore 239.58 Macau 238.09 SouthKorea 190.410 Taiwan 176.211 Israel 150.3

Jordan 148.3

12 Jordan 148.3

13 PuertoRico 122.514 Mauritius 111.815 Guam 108.816 Guatemala 108.017 Malta 101.818 Qatar 97.719 Mexico 93.820 Syria 91.921 UnitedKingdom 88.122 Bulgaria 85.623 Italy 85.024 Thailand 79.825 Luxembourg 79.526 Liechtenstein 77.327 Germany 74.128 Armenia 73.329 Tunisia 71.530 DominicanRep. 68.131 Brunei 67.932 Barbados 67.5 Switzerland 67.5

34 Portugal 67.135 Netherlands 66.536 Croatia 61.537 Malaysia 58.138 Argentina 58.039 Bermuda 57.940 Morocco 57.6

41 Poland 56.842 Ukraine 56.243 Chile 55.444 Greece 55.245 Moldova 53.946 Slovakia 52.447 Kazakhstan 50.048 Ecuador 49.549 Bahamas 48.250 Finland 48.1

MostroaddeathsFatalitiesper100,000population,2015

1 Zimbabwe 45.42 Venezuela 41.73 Liberia 35.14 Malawi 34.25 Congo-Kinshasa 33.56 Tanzania 33.47 Mozambique 33.18 Rwanda 32.99 Burundi 32.710 Togo 31.911 CentralAfricanRep. 31.812 Thailand 31.713 Madagascar 31.414 BurkinaFaso 30.715 Kenya 30.5

Gambia,The 30.4

16 Gambia,The 30.4

17 SouthSudan 29.318 SierraLeone 28.519 Niger 28.420 Cameroon 28.1 Guinea 28.1

22 Iran 28.0 Senegal 28.0

24 DominicanRep. 27.825 Benin 27.726 SaudiArabia 27.527 Ethiopia 27.3 Uganda 27.3

29 Somalia 26.930 Guinea-Bissau 26.831 Congo-Brazzaville 26.732 Ghana 26.1 Lesotho 26.1

34 Libya 25.3 Mali 25.3

36 Oman 25.037 Eritrea 24.9 Swaziland 24.9

39 Zambia 24.740 Sudan 24.641 Angola 24.442 Chad 24.343 Mauritania 24.244 IvoryCoast 24.0

Vietnam 24.0

Vietnam 24.046 Algeria 23.7

Fastest-growingcarownershipChangeinnumberofcarsper1,000population,1995–2014a

1 Bahrain 458.52 Brunei 257.53 Kuwait 208.6 PuertoRico 208.65 Poland 200.06 Qatar 175.77 NewZealand 173.78 Kazakhstan 166.99 Libya 152.410 Malta 149.911 Malaysia 148.212 Suriname 146.013 Finland 144.614 Lithuania 138.215 Luxembourg 131.716 Russia 125.017 Estonia 122.518 Belarus 120.219 Slovakia 117.820 Argentina 117.521 UnitedArabEmirates 110.022 Oman 109.023 Kyrgyzstan 108.824 Israel 104.9

25 Cyprus 102.926 Canada 101.627 Norway 100.128 Australia 96.929 Iceland 96.730 Bosnia&Herz. 96.031 Uruguay 95.332 Syria 95.033 SouthKorea 93.434 CzechRepublic 91.435 Mexico 90.836 Georgia 81.437 Chile 78.638 Greece 72.839 Romania 71.440 Brazil 71.041 Mauritius 70.842 Iran 69.843 Botswana 68.544 Jordan 68.345 China 67.846 Bulgaria 66.947 CostaRica 66.748 SaudiArabia 66.349 Thailand 66.050 Guam 65.5

Slowest-growingcarownership

Changeinnumberofcarsper1,000population,1995–2014a

1 Latvia -42.32 Germany -20.43 Zambia -3.64 Ethiopia 0.25 Sudan 0.36 Burundi 0.6 Haiti 0.68 Bangladesh 0.99 Bermuda 1.110 Malawi 1.511 Honduras 1.712 Liberia 1.813 Mauritania 2.014 Uganda 2.115 Congo-Kinshasa 2.216 Cuba 2.917 Nicaragua 3.118 Cameroon 3.219 BurkinaFaso 3.720 Tanzania 3.921 Togo 4.122 Madagascar 4.923 ElSalvador 5.124 Philippines 5.225 Mali 5.426 Benin 5.527 Pakistan 5.628 Mozambique 5.8

29 IvoryCoast 6.730 Tunisia 7.931 Yemen 8.532 Jamaica 8.633 Kenya 9.534 Nigeria 9.735 SriLanka 10.236 Bolivia 10.537 Senegal 10.838 India 11.339 Zimbabwe 13.740 Vietnam 14.941 Ghana 15.942 Egypt 16.2

aBasedon2014population.

CarproductionNumberofcarsproduced,m,2015

CarssoldNewcarregistrations,’000,2015

1 China 21,2102 UnitedStates 7,5173 Japan 4,2164 Germany 3,2065 India 2,772

UnitedKingdom 2,634

6UnitedKingdom 2,634

7 Brazil 2,1238 France 1,9179 Italy 1,57610 SouthKorea 1,53411 Russia 1,28312 Spain 1,09413 Iran 1,05514 Australia 92415 Indonesia 75616 Turkey 72617 SaudiArabia 67218 Malaysia 59119 Belgium 50120 Argentina 48121 Netherlands 44922 Thailand 35623 Poland 35524 Sweden 34525 Switzerland 32426 Austria 30927 Israel 24728 Colombia 23729 CzechRepublic 23130 UnitedArabEmirates 21431 Chile 212 Taiwan 212

33 Denmark 20834 Pakistan 182

Portugal 179

35 Portugal 17936 Norway 15137 Peru 13738 Ireland 12539 Kuwait 12440 Oman 12141 Vietnam 11742 Philippines 11643 Finland 10944 Romania 98

Transport:planesandtrains

MostairtravelPassengerscarried,m,2015

1 UnitedStates 798.22 China 436.23 UnitedKingdom 131.44 Germany 115.55 Japan 113.86 Ireland 113.17 Brazil 102.08 India 98.99 Turkey 96.610 Indonesia 88.711 UnitedArabEmirates 84.712 Canada 80.213 Australia 69.314 France 65.015 Spain 60.816 Thailand 54.317 Malaysia 50.318 Mexico 45.619 Netherlands 34.920 Singapore 33.321 SaudiArabia 32.822 Philippines 32.223 Colombia 30.7

Vietnam 29.9

24Vietnam 29.9

25 Switzerland 26.826 Italy 26.027 Qatar 25.328 Hungary 20.029 SouthAfrica 17.230 NewZealand 15.3

BusiestairportsTotalpassengers,m,2016

1 Atlanta,Hartsfield 104.22 Beijing,Capital 94.43 DubaiIntl. 83.64 LosAngeles,Intl. 80.95 Tokyo,Haneda 79.76 Chicago,O’Hare 78.37 London,Heathrow 75.78 HongKong,Intl. 70.39 Shanghai,PudongIntl. 66.010 Paris,CharlesdeGaulle 65.911 Dallas,FtWorth 65.712 Amsterdam,Schiphol 63.613 Frankfurt,Main 60.814 Istanbul,Ataturk 60.215 GuangzhouBaiyun,Intl 59.7

Totalcargo,mtonnes,2016

1 HongKong,Intl. 4.622 Memphis,Intl. 4.32

3 Shanghai,PudongIntl. 3.444 Dubai,Intl. 2.955 Seoul,Incheon 2.716 Anchorage,Intl. 2.547 Louisville,StandifordField 2.448 Tokyo,Narita 2.179 Paris,CharlesdeGaulle 2.1410 Frankfurt,Main 2.1111 Taiwan,TaoyuanIntl. 2.1012 Miami,Intl. 2.01 Singapore,Changi 2.01

14 LosAngeles,Intl. 1.9915 Beijing,Capital 1.93

Averagedailyaircraftmovements,take-offsandlandings,2016

1 Atlanta,Hartsfield 2,4612 Chicago,O’Hare 2,3773 LosAngeles,Intl. 1,9104 Dallas,FtWorth 1,8435 Beijing,Capital 1,6616 Denver,Intl. 1,5697 Charlotte/Douglas,Intl. 1,4958 LasVegas,McCarranIntl. 1,4839 Shanghai,PudongIntl. 1,31510 Amsterdam,Schiphol 1,31211 London,Heathrow 1,30112 Paris,CharlesdeGaulle 1,29613 Houston,GeorgeBushIntercontinental 1,29014 Istanbul,Ataturk 1,275

Frankfurt,Main 1,268

15 Frankfurt,Main 1,268

16 Toronto,PearsonIntl. 1,25117 Dubai,Intl. 1,24418 NewYork,JFK 1,23919 SanFrancisco 1,23420 MexicoCity,Intl. 1,22821 Tokyo,Haneda 1,22122 Phoenix,SkyharborIntl. 1,20723 GuangzhouBaiyun,Intl 1,19224 Newark 1,18225 Miami 1,135

Longestrailwaynetworks‘000km,2015orlatest

1 UnitedStates 228.22 Russia 85.33 China 67.24 India 66.05 Canada 52.16 Germany 33.37 Australia 32.88 France 30.09 Brazil 29.810 Mexico 26.711 Argentina 25.012 Ukraine 21.013 SouthAfrica 20.514 Japan 19.215 Poland 18.5

Italy 16.7

16 Italy 16.7

17 UnitedKingdom 16.118 Spain 15.719 Kazakhstan 14.820 Romania 10.821 Turkey 10.122 Sweden 9.723 CzechRepublic 9.524 Pakistan 9.325 Iran 8.626 Hungary 7.927 Finland 5.928 Belarus 5.5 Chile 5.5

30 Thailand 5.331 Egypt 5.232 Austria 4.933 Indonesia 4.734 Sudan 4.335 Norway 4.2 Uzbekistan 4.2

37 Bulgaria 4.0 Switzerland 4.0

39 SouthKorea 3.9

MostrailpassengersKmperpersonperyear,2015orlatest

1 Switzerland 2,311Japan 1,633

2Japan 1,633

3 Russia 1,4394 Austria 1,3595 France 1,3156 Denmark 1,0547 Netherlands 1,0518 Germany 9829 Kazakhstan 97110 UnitedKingdom 96311 Belgium 91412 India 87513 Taiwan 84414 Ukraine 83915 Belarus 74916 Finland 74817 CzechRepublic 68318 Italy 65719 Sweden 64220 Luxembourg 62221 Norway 59422 Hungary 571 Slovakia 571

24 Spain 557

MostrailfreightMilliontonne-kmperyear,2015orlatest

1 UnitedStates 2,547,2532 Russia 2,304,759

China 1,980,061

3China 1,980,061

4 India 681,6965 Canada 352,5356 Brazil 267,7007 Ukraine 195,0548 Kazakhstan 189,7599 SouthAfrica 134,60010 Mexico 78,77011 Germany 72,91312 Australia 59,64913 Belarus 40,78514 France 33,11615 Poland 28,72016 Iran 25,01417 Uzbekistan 22,68618 Austria 20,80419 Japan 20,25520 Lithuania 14,03621 Latvia 13,02322 Argentina 12,11123 Turkmenistan 11,99224 Mongolia 11,463

Transport:shipping

MerchantfleetsNumberofvessels,bycountryofdomicile,January2016

1 China 4,9602 Greece 4,1363 Japan 3,9694 Germany 3,3615 Singapore 2,5536 UnitedStates 1,9957 Norway 1,8548 Indonesia 1,7129 Russia 1,68010 SouthKorea 1,63411 Turkey 1,54012 UnitedKingdom 1,32913 Netherlands 1,22914 Denmark 96015 India 94716 Taiwan 89817 Vietnam 89618 UnitedArabEmirates 81519 Italy 80220 Malaysia 621

Ships’flagsLargestregisteredfleets,2016

Crimeandpunishment

MurdersHomicidesper100,000pop.,2014orlatest

1 Honduras 74.62 ElSalvador 64.23 Venezuela 62.04 VirginIslands(US) 52.65 Lesotho 38.06 Jamaica 36.17 Belize 34.48 SouthAfrica 33.09 Guatemala 31.210 Bahamas 29.811 Colombia 27.912 Trinidad&Tobago 25.913 Brazil 24.614 Guyana 20.415 PuertoRico 18.516 DominicanRep. 17.4 Panama 17.4 Swaziland 17.4

19 Namibia 16.920 Mexico 15.7

RobberiesPer100,000pop.,2014orlatest

Belgium 1,529

1Belgium 1,529

2 CostaRica 1,0963 Argentina 9584 Chile 5995 Mexico 5896 Ecuador 5717 Uruguay 5438 Brazil 496 Nicaragua 496 Panama 496

11 Paraguay 30712 Peru 25113 Honduras 23814 Maldives 20815 Guyana 20116 Colombia 19817 Trinidad&Tobago 19718 France 17819 Spain 15320 Portugal 150

PrisonersTotalprisonpop.,2017orlatest

1 UnitedStates 2,145,1002 China 1,649,8043 Brazil 650,9564 Russia 627,7025 India 419,623

Thailand 286,861

6Thailand 286,861

7 Mexico 233,4698 Iran 225,6249 Indonesia 210,68210 Turkey 201,17711 SouthAfrica 161,98412 Philippines 142,16813 Vietnam 130,67914 Colombia 119,26915 Ethiopia 111,05016 Egypt 106,00017 UnitedKingdom 85,44218 Peru 82,20019 Pakistan 80,16920 Morocco 79,36821 Argentina 72,69322 Poland 72,67723 Myanmar 70,00024 Bangladesh 69,71925 France 68,43226 Nigeria 68,25927 Germany 62,865

Per100,000pop.,2017orlatest

1 UnitedStates 6662 Turkmenistan 5833 ElSalvador 5794 VirginIslands(US) 5425 Cuba 510

Guam 438

6 Guam 438

7 Russia 434 Rwanda 4349 Panama 42610 Thailand 42411 Bahamas 36312 Bermuda 35413 CostaRica 35214 PuertoRico 34915 Barbados 32216 Brazil 31617 Belarus 31418 Bahrain 30119 SouthAfrica 291 Uruguay 291

21 Iran 28722 Swaziland 28223 Trinidad&Tobago 27224 Taiwan 26625 Israel 26526 Mongolia 26227 Peru 259

Warandterrorism

DefencespendingAs%ofGDP,2016

1 Oman 15.32 Afghanistan 14.03 Iraq 11.64 SaudiArabia 8.95 Congo-Brazzaville 6.46 Algeria 6.37 Israel 6.18 Bahrain 4.89 Botswana 4.4 Jordan 4.4

11 Namibia 4.112 Armenia 4.0 Azerbaijan 4.0

14 Iran 3.9 Mali 3.9

16 Brunei 3.817 Russiaa 3.7

18 Lebanon 3.5 Singapore 3.5

20 Colombia 3.421 Myanmar 3.3 UnitedStates 3.3

23 Cambodia 3.2Morocco 3.2

Morocco 3.2

Defencespending$bn,2016

1 UnitedStates 604.52 China 1453 SaudiArabia 56.94 UnitedKingdom 52.55 India 51.16 Japan 47.37 France 47.28 Russiaa 46.6

9 Germany 38.310 SouthKorea 33.811 Australia 24.212 Italy 22.313 Iraq 17.914 Iran 15.9 Israel 15.9

Perperson,$,2016

1 Oman 2,7142 Israel 2,3223 SaudiArabia 2,0214 Qatar 1,9505 UnitedStates 1,8666 Singapore 1,7737 Norway 1,1348 Bahrain 1,110

9 Australia 1,05210 Brunei 92011 UnitedKingdom 81512 France 70613 SouthKorea 66314 Denmark 63415 Finland 597

Armedforces’000,2017b

Regulars Reserves1 China 2,183 5102 India 1,395 1,1553 UnitedStates 1,347 8654 Russiaa 831 2,000

5 Pakistan 654 06 SouthKorea 630 4,5007 Iran 523 3508 Vietnam 482 5,0009 Egypt 439 47910 Myanmar 406 011 Indonesia 396 40012 Thailand 361 20013 Turkey 355 37914 Brazil 335 1,34015 Colombia 293 3516 Mexico 277 8217 SaudiArabia 227 0

Taiwan 215 1,657

18 Taiwan 215 1,657

19 Ukraine 204 90020 France 203 2821 SriLanka 203 622 Morocco 196 15023 SouthSudan 185 024 Israel 177 46525 Georgia 177 2826 Italy 175 1827 Afghanistan 171 028 UnitedKingdom 152 8129 Greece 143 22130 Congo-Kinshasa 134 0

aNationaldefencebudgetonly.bEstimates.

Armsexporters$m,2016

1 UnitedStates 9,8942 Russia 6,4323 Germany 2,8134 France 2,2265 China 2,1236 UnitedKingdom 1,3937 Israel 1,2608 Italy 8029 SouthKorea 53410 Ukraine 528

Spain 483

11Spain 483

12 Netherlands 46613 Turkey 27714 Sweden 24915 Switzerland 18616 Portugal 16917 Norway 15018 CzechRepublic 12919 Australia 127 Canada 127

Armsimporters$m,2016

1 SaudiArabia 2,9792 Algeria 2,8823 India 2,5474 Iraq 1,7345 Egypt 1,4836 SouthKorea 1,3337 UnitedArabEmirates 1,2788 Vietnam 1,1969 Australia 1,06010 China 99311 Qatar 90112 Italy 86813 Pakistan 75914 Israel 60715 UnitedStates 51216 Bangladesh 438

Turkey 437

17 Turkey 437

18 Oman 39319 Turkmenistan 39220 Mexico 388

TerroristattacksNumberofincidences,2015

Spaceandpeace

MannedspacemissionsFirstsandselectedevents1957 Man-madesatellite Doginspace,Laika1961 Humaninspace,YuriGagarin1963 Womaninspace,ValentinaTereshkova1964 Spacecrew,onepilotandtwopassengers1965 Spacewalk,AlexeiLeonov Eightdaysinspaceachieved(neededtotraveltomoonandback)1968 Livetelevisionbroadcastfromspace1968 Moonorbit1969 Moonlanding1971 Spacestation,Salyut DriveonMoon1973 Spacelaboratory,Skylab1978 Non-Amercian,non-Soviet,VladimirRemek(Czechoslovakia)1982 Spaceshuttle,Columbia(firstcrafttocarryfourcrewmembers)1986 Spaceshuttleexplosion,Challenger Mirspacestationactivated1990 Hubbletelescopedeployed2001 DennisTito,payingspacetourist2003 Chinamannedspaceflight,YangLiwei2004 SpaceShipOne,successfulprivatemannedsuborbitalspaceflight2010 SpaceX’sprivatelyfundedspacecraftmadeanorbitalflight2014 Rosettaprobelandedoncomet67Pafter12-yearmission

Orbitallaunches

GlobalPeaceIndexbMostpeaceful,2017

1 Iceland 1.1112 NewZealand 1.2413 Portugal 1.2584 Austria 1.2655 Denmark 1.3376 CzechRepublic 1.3607 Slovenia 1.3648 Canada 1.3719 Switzerland 1.37310 Ireland 1.408

Leastpeaceful,2017

1 Syria 3.8142 SouthSudan 3.5243 Iraq 3.5564 Afghanistan 3.5675 Somalia 3.387

6 Yemen 3.4127 Ukraine 3.1848 Sudan 3.2139 Libya 3.32810 Pakistan 3.058

aGovernmentandnon-profitlaunches.bRanks163countriesusing23indicatorswhichgaugethelevelofsafetyandsecurityinsociety,theextentofdomesticorinternationalconflictandthedegreeofmilitarisation.

Environment

BiggestemittersofcarbondioxideMilliontonnes,2013

1 China 10,249.52 UnitedStates 5,186.23 India 2,034.84 Russia 1,789.15 Japan 1,243.46 Germany 757.37 Iran 617.08 SouthKorea 592.59 SaudiArabia 541.410 Brazil 503.711 Mexico 488.612 Indonesia 479.413 Canada 475.714 SouthAfrica 471.215 UnitedKingdom 457.516 Australia 377.917 Italy 344.818 France 333.219 Turkey 323.520 Thailand 303.121 Poland 302.322 Taiwan 295.023 Ukraine 271.1

Kazakhstan 262.9

24Kazakhstan 262.9

25 Spain 237.026 Malaysia 236.527 Egypt 213.028 Argentina 189.829 Venezuela 185.530 Netherlands 170.031 UnitedArabEmirates 169.132 Iraq 167.833 Pakistan 153.434 Vietnam 152.635 Algeria 134.236 Uzbekistan 103.237 CzechRepublic 98.738 Philippines 98.239 Kuwait 98.040 Nigeria 95.741 Belgium 93.642 Colombia 89.643 Qatar 85.044 Chile 83.245 Israel 71.146 Romania 70.747 Greece 69.248 Bangladesh 69.049 Turkmenistan 66.950 Belarus 63.851 Austria 62.452 Oman 61.2

Norway 59.6

53 Norway 59.654 Morocco 58.655 Peru 57.256 Libya 51.057 Singapore 50.658 NorthKorea 50.159 Trinidad&Tobago 46.5

LargestamountofcarbondioxideemittedperpersonTonnes,2013

1 Qatar 40.52 Trinidad&Tobago 34.53 Kuwait 27.34 Bahrain 23.75 Brunei 18.96 Luxembourg 18.7 UnitedArabEmirates 18.78 SaudiArabia 17.99 UnitedStates 16.410 Australia 16.311 Oman 15.712 Kazakhstan 15.413 Estonia 15.114 NewCaledonia 14.715 Mongolia 14.516 Canada 13.517 Turkmenistan 12.818 Taiwan 12.6

Russia 12.5

19Russia 12.5

20 SouthKorea 11.821 Norway 11.722 Netherlands 10.123 Japan 9.824 Guam 9.725 CzechRepublic 9.4 Singapore 9.4

27 Germany 9.228 SouthAfrica 8.929 Israel 8.830 Finland 8.531 Belgium 8.432 Bahamas 8.233 Libya 8.1

MostpollutedcapitalcitiesAnnualmeanparticulatematterconcentrationa,microgramspercubicmetre2014orlatest

1 Riyadh,SaudiArabia 368.02 Kabul,Afghanistan 260.03 Delhi,India 229.14 Islamabad,Pakistan 216.95 Baghdad,Iraq 208.06 Cairo,Egypt 179.07 Kampala,Uganda 170.48 Doha,Qatar 167.69 Ulaanbaatar,Mongolia 165.110 Dhaka,Bangladesh 158.1

Dakar,Senegal 141.3

11 Dakar,Senegal 141.3

12 AbuDhabi,UAE 132.013 Beijing,China 108.014 Tunis,Tunisia 90.015 Kathmandu,Nepal 88.316 Lima,Peru 87.817 Muscat,Oman 82.118 SanSalvador,ElSalvador 77.219 Ankara,Turkey 77.020 Tehran,Iran 76.921 Skopje,Macedonia 73.822 Amman,Jordan 68.023 Yaoundé,Cameroon 65.024 Santiago,Chile 64.4

Lowestaccesstoanimprovedwatersource%ofpopulation,2014

1 SouthSudan 6.72 Niger 10.83 Togo 11.64 Madagascar 11.95 Chad 12.06 SierraLeone 13.17 Ghana 14.88 Congo-Brazzaville 14.99 Tanzania 15.010 Eritrea 15.611 Liberia 16.6

PapuaNewGuinea 18.9

12PapuaNewGuinea 18.9

13 Uganda 19.014 BurkinaFaso 19.415 Benin 19.616 Guinea 20.017 Mozambique 20.418 Guinea-Bissau 20.719 CentralAfricanRep. 21.720 IvoryCoast 22.321 Sudan 23.622 Mali 24.223 Ethiopia 26.824 Haiti 27.425 Congo-Kinshasa 28.326 Nigeria 29.327 Kenya 30.128 Lesotho 30.2

Lowestaccesstoelectricity%ofpopulation,2013

1 SouthSudan 4.02 Burundi 6.53 Chad 7.64 Malawi 9.05 Liberia 9.86 CentralAfricanRep. 11.87 Madagascar 12.98 SierraLeone 13.5

Niger 13.8

9Niger 13.8

10 Guinea-Bissau 13.9 Uganda 13.9

12 Congo-Kinshasa 14.813 Rwanda 15.214 Tanzania 16.415 BurkinaFaso 16.916 Somalia 18.117 PapuaNewGuinea 19.718 Mozambique 20.219 Zambia 23.620 Ethiopia 25.221 Lesotho 25.322 Mali 26.123 Guinea 26.824 Kenya 28.225 NorthKorea 31.226 Angola 33.327 Mauritania 36.228 Zimbabwe 36.529 Benin 37.330 Haiti 37.531 Sudan 38.532 Congo-Brazzaville 42.1

aParticulateslessthan10micronsindiameter.

LargestforestsSqkm,2014

Russia 8,149,715

1Russia 8,149,715

2 Brazil 4,945,2203 Canada 3,471,1564 UnitedStates 3,098,2005 China 2,067,7916 Congo-Kinshasa 1,528,8947 Australia 1,244,4308 Indonesia 916,9449 Peru 741,40610 India 705,03611 Mexico 661,31612 Colombia 585,28513 Angola 579,80814 Bolivia 550,53015 Zambia 488,01616 Venezuela 468,47417 Tanzania 464,32018 Mozambique 381,46419 PapuaNewGuinea 335,61820 Myanmar 295,87421 Sweden 280,73022 Argentina 274,08823 Japan 249,59624 Gabon 228,00025 Congo-Brazzaville 223,49426 Finland 222,18027 CentralAfricanRep. 221,85628 Malaysia 221,80829 Sudan 193,844

Cameroon 190,360

30 Cameroon 190,360

Mostforested%oflandarea,2014

1 Suriname 98.32 Gabon 88.53 Guyana 84.04 Laos 80.55 PapuaNewGuinea 74.16 Finland 73.17 Brunei 72.18 Guinea-Bissau 70.59 Sweden 68.910 Japan 68.511 Malaysia 67.512 Congo-Kinshasa 67.413 Zambia 65.614 Congo-Brazzaville 65.415 SouthKorea 63.516 Panama 62.317 Slovenia 62.018 Montenegro 61.519 Brazil 59.220 Peru 57.921 EquatorialGuinea 56.322 PuertoRico 55.523 Fiji 55.424 Cambodia 54.325 Latvia 54.0

CostaRica 53.4

26 CostaRica 53.4

27 Venezuela 53.128 Colombia 52.829 Estonia 52.730 Tanzania 52.4

DeforestationBiggest%changeinforestedland,1990–2014Decrease

1 Togo -69.72 Nigeria -57.03 Uganda -53.44 Mauritania -45.15 Honduras -42.16 Niger -40.67 Pakistan -40.08 NorthKorea -37.19 Sudan -36.910 Zimbabwe -35.111 Nicaragua -31.012 ElSalvador -28.513 Mali -28.314 Timor-Leste -27.815 Cambodia -26.0 Paraguay -26.0

17 Ethiopia -25.6Increase

Iceland 197.5

1Iceland 197.5

2 FrenchPolynesia 181.83 Bahrain 168.24 Uruguay 128.45 Kuwait 81.26 DominicanRep. 76.57 PuertoRico 71.78 Egypt 64.59 Ireland 60.910 Tunisia 60.311 Vietnam 56.412 Cuba 52.913 Rwanda 48.814 Spain 33.115 Montenegro 32.116 Syria 32.017 China 31.6

DamsandreservoirsMostdamsa

1 China 23,8422 UnitedStates 9,2613 India 5,1024 Japan 3,1125 Brazil 1,4116 Canada 1,1707 SouthAfrica 1,1148 Spain 1,0639 Turkey 972

10 Iran 80211 France 71212 UnitedKingdom 59613 Mexico 57114 Australia 57015 Italy 54216 Germany 37117 Norway 33518 Albania 30719 Zimbabwe 25420 Romania 24621 Thailand 21822 Portugal 21723 Sweden 19024 Bulgaria 18125 Austria 17126 Switzerland 16727 Greece 16428 Pakistan 16329 Algeria 15430 Morocco 150

DamsLargestreservoircapacitya,cubickms

Slums%ofurbanpopulationlivinginslums,2014

1 SouthSudan 95.62 CentralAfricanRep. 93.33 Sudan 91.64 Chad 88.25 Guinea-Bissau 82.36 Mozambique 80.37 Mauritania 79.98 Madagascar 77.29 SierraLeone 75.610 Congo-Kinshasa 74.811 Haiti 74.4

12 Ethiopia 73.913 Somalia 73.614 Niger 70.1

aAsofApril2017.bUnderconstructionspring2017.

EnvironmentalPerformanceIndexScoresonbiodiversitya,2016,0=lowest,100=highestBest

1 Belgium 100.0 CzechRepublic 100.0 Estonia 100.0 Germany 100.0 Hungary 100.0 Luxembourg 100.0 Slovakia 100.0 Slovenia 100.09 Poland 99.810 France 99.511 Croatia 99.0 Italy 99.0 UnitedKingdom 99.0

14 Lithuania 98.615 Latvia 97.816 Denmark 97.617 Zambia 97.118 Finland 96.919 Spain 96.7

Portugal 95.8

20Portugal 95.8

Romania 95.822 Namibia 95.7 Venezuela 95.7

24 Greece 94.8

Worst

1 Somalia 20.92 Afghanistan 21.33 Turkey 22.54 Haiti 24.45 Libya 24.76 Lesotho 26.27 Barbados 26.58 Syria 31.29 Iraq 34.610 Maldives 35.911 Bosnia&Herz. 36.612 Eritrea 41.113 Sudan 42.814 Jordan 42.9 Mauritania 42.9

16 Gambia,The 43.617 Lebanon 43.918 PapuaNewGuinea 46.519 Yemen 48.020 Oman 48.721 Liberia 49.722 Turkmenistan 49.9

23 Guyana 51.324 Swaziland 52.9

Worstnaturalcatastrophes2015Country/region Typeofdisaster Deaths

1 Nepal Earthquake 8,9602 India Heatwave 2,2483 Pakistan Heatwave 1,2704 Europe Heatwave 1,2005 Malawi/Mozambique/Zimbabwe Floods 4516 China Shiphitbystrong

wind442

7 Afghanistan Earthquake 3998 Guatemala Landslide 3509 Afghanistan Avalanches 29110 India(Chennai) Flashfloods 28911 India Monsoonfloods 20612 Pakistan Monsoonfloods 16613 Myanmar Monsoonfloods 12514 Egypt Heatwave 11015 India(Purnia) Thunderstorms/hail 10016 Colombia Flashfloods 9317 Kenya Floods 8918 Philippines/Japan/NorthKorea Flooding/landslides 8219 India(AndhraPradesh) Monsoonfloods 81 India(Gujarat) Monsoonrains 81

aBasedonprotectionofspecies,landandmarinearea.

Lifeexpectancy

HighestlifeexpectancyYears,2015–20

1 Monacoa 89.5

2 HongKong 84.53 Japan 84.14 Italy 83.85 Singapore 83.76 Switzerland 83.67 Spain 83.28 Iceland 83.19 Australia 83.0 Israel 83.0

11 France 82.912 Andorraa 82.8

SouthKorea 82.8 Sweden 82.8

15 Chile 82.716 Canada 82.6 Martinique 82.6

18 NewZealand 82.419 Luxembourg 82.320 Austria 82.1 Netherlands 82.1 Norway 82.1

23 Guadeloupe 82.081.9

24 Liechtensteina 81.9

25 Portugal 81.726 Greece 81.627 Finland 81.5 Germany 81.5 Ireland 81.5

30 Belgium 81.4 Macao 81.4

32 Bermudaa 81.3

UnitedKingdom 81.334 ChannelIslands 81.2 Malta 81.2 VirginIslands(US) 81.2

37 Slovenia 81.038 Cyprus 80.8 Réunion 80.8

40 Denmark 80.741 FrenchGuiana 80.3 Lebanon 80.3

43 PuertoRico 80.244 CostaRica 80.1 Taiwana 80.1

46 Cuba 80.0 Guam 80.0

48 UnitedStates 79.6

HighestmalelifeexpectancyYears,2015–20

85.6

1 Monacoa85.6

2 HongKong 81.7 Iceland 81.74 Switzerland 81.65 Israel 81.3 Italy 81.37 Australia 81.1 Sweden 81.19 Canada 80.8 Japan 80.8 NewZealand 80.8

12 Andorraa 80.6

Singapore 80.614 Spain 80.515 Netherlands 80.316 Luxembourg 80.2 Norway 80.2

18 France 80.0

HighestfemalelifeexpectancyYears,2015–20

1 Monacoa 93.5

2 HongKong 87.43 Japan 87.34 Singapore 86.75 Italy 86.06 Spain 85.87 SouthKorea 85.7

France 85.6

8 France 85.6

9 Martinique 85.5 Switzerland 85.5

11 Chile 85.312 Andorraa 85.1

13 Australia 85.0 Guadeloupe 85.0

15 Israel 84.6 Liechtensteina 84.6

17 Bermudaa 84.5

Iceland 84.5

a2016estimate.

LowestlifeexpectancyYears,2015–20

1 Swaziland 48.72 Lesotho 50.43 SierraLeone 52.14 Chad 52.55 IvoryCoast 52.86 CentralAfricanRep. 53.37 Angola 53.78 Nigeria 53.89 Guinea-Bissau 56.210 Mozambique 56.211 Somalia 56.512 Cameroon 57.013 SouthSudan 57.1

SouthAfrica 57.7

14 SouthAfrica 57.7

15 Burundi 58.116 EquatorialGuinea 58.617 Mali 59.718 BurkinaFaso 59.819 Congo-Kinshasa 59.920 Guinea 60.221 Benin 60.322 Uganda 61.023 Gambia,The 61.1 Togo 61.1

25 Afghanistan 61.526 Ghana 62.0 Liberia 62.0

28 Zambia 62.329 Zimbabwe 62.430 Niger 62.831 PapuaNewGuinea 63.232 Kenya 63.333 Mauritania 63.634 Congo-Brazzaville 63.9 Haiti 63.9

36 Sudan 64.237 Yemen 64.538 Botswana 64.639 Eritrea 65.140 Namibia 65.341 Ethiopia 65.8 Malawi 65.8Gabon 66.0

43 Gabon 66.0

Rwanda 66.045 Turkmenistan 66.146 Madagascar 66.4 Tanzania 66.4

48 Myanmar 66.549 Guyana 66.8 Pakistan 66.8

LowestmalelifeexpectancyYears,2015–20

1 Swaziland 49.52 Lesotho 50.33 CentralAfricanRep. 51.14 Chad 51.45 SierraLeone 51.56 IvoryCoast 52.07 Angola 52.28 Nigeria 53.39 Guinea-Bissau 54.410 Somalia 54.911 Mozambique 55.012 SouthAfrica 55.713 Cameroon 55.914 Burundi 56.015 SouthSudan 56.116 EquatorialGuinea 57.317 Congo-Kinshasa 58.4

BurkinaFaso 58.5

18 BurkinaFaso 58.5

19 Benin 58.820 Uganda 58.9

LowestfemalelifeexpectancyYears,2015–20

1 Swaziland 47.72 Lesotho 50.23 SierraLeone 52.74 Chad 53.65 IvoryCoast 53.86 Nigeria 54.17 Angola 55.28 CentralAfricanRep. 55.59 Mozambique 57.310 Guinea-Bissau 58.011 SouthSudan 58.112 Cameroon 58.2 Somalia 58.2

14 SouthAfrica 59.315 Mali 59.616 EquatorialGuinea 60.017 Burundi 60.218 Guinea 60.7

Deathratesandinfantmortality

HighestdeathratesNumberofdeathsper1,000population,2015–20

1 Lithuania 16.22 Ukraine 15.73 Bulgaria 15.64 Latvia 15.45 Swaziland 14.96 Lesotho 14.77 Belarus 14.68 Russia 14.39 Romania 13.710 Hungary 13.511 Chad 13.312 CentralAfricanRep. 13.1 Serbia 13.1

14 Croatia 12.8 IvoryCoast 12.8 SierraLeone 12.8

17 Angola 12.7 Estonia 12.7

19 SouthAfrica 12.620 Nigeria 12.221 Moldova 11.722 Georgia 11.523 Guinea-Bissau 11.4

Germany 11.3

24Germany 11.3

Greece 11.3 Somalia 11.3

27 Bosnia&Herz. 11.128 Barbados 10.9 Japan 10.9 SouthSudan 10.9

31 Mozambique 10.832 Portugal 10.733 Cameroon 10.6 CzechRepublic 10.6

35 Burundi 10.536 Poland 10.437 EquatorialGuinea 10.3 Montenegro 10.3

39 Italy 10.2 Slovakia 10.2

41 Slovenia 10.042 Finland 9.943 TrinidadandTobago 9.844 Belgium 9.7 Macedonia 9.7

46 Armenia 9.6 Congo-Kinshasa 9.6 Denmark 9.6 Monacoa 9.6

50 Austria 9.551 NorthKorea 9.4 Uruguay 9.4

53 Mali 9.3

Malta 9.355 Guinea 9.256 ChannelIslands 9.1 France 9.1 Spain 9.1 UnitedKingdom 9.1

60 Benin 9.0 Kazakhstan 9.0 Martinique 9.0 Sweden 9.0

64 BurkinaFaso 8.965 Netherlands 8.866 Ghana 8.5 Guyana 8.5 Haiti 8.5 Uganda 8.5

70 Bermudaa 8.4

Myanmar 8.4 Thailand 8.4 UnitedStates 8.4

74 Niger 8.375 Cuba 8.2 Gambia,The 8.2 Togo 8.2

78 Liberia 8.1 VirginIslands(US) 8.1

80 Mauritius 8.0PuertoRico 8.0

PuertoRico 8.0

Switzerland 8.0

Zambia 8.084 Gabon 7.9 Norway 7.9

86 Congo-Brazzaville 7.8 Turkmenistan 7.8 Zimbabwe 7.8

89 Albania 7.7 Botswana 7.7 Mauritania 7.7

92 Afghanistan 7.6 Azerbaijan 7.6 Kenya 7.6 PapuaNewGuinea 7.6 Suriname 7.6

Note:Bothdeathand,inparticular,infantmortalityratescanbeunderestimatedincertaincountrieswherenotalldeathsareofficiallyrecorded.a2016estimate.

HighestinfantmortalityNumberofdeathsper1,000livebirths,2015–20

1 Angola 882 Chad 873 CentralAfricanRep. 844 Guinea-Bissau 825 SierraLeone 816 Burundi 71

Mali 70

7Mali 70

Somalia 709 Nigeria 68 SouthSudan 68

11 Congo-Kinshasa 6612 Cameroon 6513 Afghanistan 6414 Benin 63 IvoryCoast 63 Mauritania 63 Pakistan 63

18 EquatorialGuinea 6219 BurkinaFaso 58 Swaziland 58

21 Mozambique 5722 Uganda 5623 Liberia 52 Malawi 52

25 Guinea 50 Lesotho 50 Niger 50

28 Yemen 4929 Kenya 48 Sudan 48

31 Ghana 47 Zambia 47

33 PapuaNewGuinea 4534 Congo-Brazzaville 4435 Ethiopia 43

Gambia,The 43

Gambia,The 43

Myanmar 43 Rwanda 43 Turkmenistan 43

40 Haiti 42 Togo 42

42 Uzbekistan 4143 Zimbabwe 39

LowestdeathratesNo.deathsper1,000pop.,2015–20

1 Qatar 1.52 UnitedArabEmirates 1.83 Bahrain 2.54 Kuwait 2.65 Oman 2.76 FrenchGuiana 3.07 Brunei 3.28 SaudiArabia 3.5 WestBank&Gaza 3.5

10 Maldives 3.711 Jordan 3.812 Lebanon 4.513 Iran 4.614 Nicaragua 4.815 Guam 4.9 Macau 4.9Mexico 4.9

Mexico 4.9

18 CostaRica 5.0 Honduras 5.0 Iraq 5.0

21 Algeria 5.1 Ecuador 5.1 Panama 5.1 Singapore 5.1

LowestinfantmortalityNo.deathsper1,000livebirths,2015–20

1 Luxembourg 1 Singapore 13 CzechRepublic 2 Finland 2 Greece 2 HongKong 2 Iceland 2 Ireland 2 Italy 2 Japan 2 Monacoa 2

Norway 2 SouthKorea 2 Sweden 2

Deathanddisease

DiabetesPrevalenceinpop.aged20–79,%2015age-standardisedestimatea

1 Mauritius 22.32 Kuwait 20.0 Qatar 20.0 SaudiArabia 20.05 Bahrain 19.66 NewCaledonia 19.67 FrenchPolynesia 19.48 UnitedArabEmirates 19.39 Guam 18.710 Malaysia 17.911 Egypt 16.712 Mexico 15.8 Réunion 15.8

14 PapuaNewGuinea 15.315 Oman 14.816 Fiji 13.8

CardiovasculardiseaseNo.ofdeathsper100,000pop.,2012agestandardisedestimatea

1 Turkmenistan 712.12 Kazakhstan 635.53 Mongolia 586.74 Uzbekistan 577.7

Kyrgyzstan 549.4

5 Kyrgyzstan 549.4

6 Guyana 544.87 Ukraine 536.18 Russia 531.09 Afghanistan 511.510 Tajikistan 510.311 Moldova 507.712 Armenia 473.913 Belarus 464.214 Egypt 445.115 Azerbaijan 442.216 Albania 436.2

ChronicrespiratorydiseasesDeathsper100,000population,2012age-standardisedestimatea

1 India 154.82 Nepal 152.33 NorthKorea 133.64 Liberia 125.55 Myanmar 114.16 Bangladesh 106.77 PapuaNewGuinea 106.48 Mali 102.59 Lesotho 91.910 Pakistan 91.411 Swaziland 89.512 Laos 80.213 CentralAfricanRep. 79.5

China 77.1

14China 77.1

15 EquatorialGuinea 76.316 Angola 74.417 Afghanistan 65.518 Timor-Leste 63.219 Namibia 63.120 Congo-Kinshasa 61.421 SierraLeone 61.122 Philippines 60.723 Maldives 60.2

TuberculosisIncidenceper100,000pop.,2015

1 SouthAfrica 8342 Lesotho 7883 Swaziland 5654 NorthKorea 5615 Mozambique 5516 Timor-Leste 4987 Namibia 4898 Gabon 4659 PapuaNewGuinea 43210 Mongolia 42811 Indonesia 39512 CentralAfricanRep. 391 Zambia 391

14 Cambodia 38015 Congo-Brazzaville 37916 Guinea-Bissau 373

Angola 370

17 Angola 370

18 Myanmar 36519 Botswana 35620 Nigeria 322 Philippines 322

22 Liberia 30823 SierraLeone 30724 Tanzania 30625 Somalia 274

aAssumesthateverycountryandregionhasthesameageprofile(theageprofileoftheworldpopulationhasbeenused).Note:Statisticsarenotavailableforallcountries.Thenumberofcasesdiagnosedandreporteddependsonthequalityofmedicalpracticeandadministrationandcanbeunder-reportedinanumberofcountries.

MeaslesimmunisationLowest%ofchildrenaged12–23months,2015

1 SouthSudan 202 EquatorialGuinea 273 Somalia 464 CentralAfricanRep. 495 Guinea 526 Haiti 53 Syria 538 Nigeria 549 Angola 5510 Ukraine 5611 Iraq 5712 Madagascar 58

PapuaNewGuinea 60

13PapuaNewGuinea 60

14 Pakistan 6115 Chad 6216 Liberia 64 Montenegro 64

18 Yemen 67

DPTaimmunisationLowest%ofchildrenaged12–23months,2015

1 EquatorialGuinea 162 Ukraine 233 SouthSudan 314 Syria 415 Somalia 426 CentralAfricanRep. 477 Guinea 518 Liberia 529 Chad 5510 Nigeria 5611 Iraq 5812 Haiti 60 Philippines 60

14 PapuaNewGuinea 6215 Angola 6416 Niger 6517 Mali 68

HIV/AIDS

Prevalenceinadultsaged15–49,%,20151 Swaziland 28.82 Lesotho 22.73 Botswana 22.24 SouthAfrica 19.25 Zimbabwe 14.76 Namibia 13.37 Zambia 12.98 Mozambique 10.59 Malawi 9.110 Uganda 7.111 Kenya 5.912 EquatorialGuinea 4.913 Tanzania 4.714 Cameroon 4.515 Gabon 3.816 CentralAfricanRep. 3.717 Bahamas 3.2 IvoryCoast 3.2

19 Rwanda 2.920 SouthSudan 2.521 Togo 2.422 Angola 2.223 Chad 2.024 Gambia,The 1.825 Haiti 1.7

AIDSDeathsper100,000population,2015

Lesotho 464

1 Lesotho 464

2 SouthAfrica 3303 Swaziland 2954 Zimbabwe 1865 CentralAfricanRep. 1596 Malawi 1577 Botswana 141 Cameroon 1419 Mozambique 13910 EquatorialGuinea 13011 Bahamas 12912 Namibia 12613 Zambia 12314 IvoryCoast 11015 SouthSudan 9716 Kenya 7817 Gabon 75 Haiti 75

19 Uganda 7220 Togo 7021 Tanzania 6722 Chad 6123 Gambia,The 5024 Angola 4825 Ghana 47

aDiphtheria,pertussisandtetanus.

Health

HighesthealthspendingAs%ofGDP,2014

1 UnitedStates 17.12 Haiti 13.23 Sweden 11.94 Switzerland 11.75 France 11.56 Germany 11.37 Austria 11.28 Cuba 11.1 SierraLeone 11.1

10 NewZealand 11.011 Netherlands 10.912 Denmark 10.813 Belgium 10.6 Lesotho 10.6

15 Canada 10.4 Serbia 10.4

17 Moldova 10.318 Japan 10.219 Liberia 10.020 Paraguay 9.821 Finland 9.7 Malta 9.7 Norway 9.7Bosnia&Herz. 9.6

24Bosnia&Herz. 9.6

Malawi 9.6

LowesthealthspendingAs%ofGDP,2014

1 Timor-Leste 1.52 Laos 1.93 Turkmenistan 2.14 Qatar 2.25 Myanmar 2.36 Brunei 2.6 Congo-Kinshasa 2.6 Pakistan 2.69 SouthSudan 2.710 Bangladesh 2.8 Indonesia 2.8

12 Kuwait 3.0 Madagascar 3.0

14 Angola 3.3 Eritrea 3.3 Syria 3.3

17 Gabon 3.418 SriLanka 3.519 Bhutan 3.6 Chad 3.6 Ghana 3.6 Oman 3.6 UnitedArabEmirates 3.6

24 Nigeria 3.7EquatorialGuinea 3.8

25 EquatorialGuinea 3.8

Mauritania 3.8

Highestpop.perdoctor2014orlatesta

1 Liberia 71,4292 Malawi 52,632 Niger 52,6324 Ethiopia 45,455 SierraLeone 45,4556 Tanzania 32,2587 Somalia 28,5718 Gambia,The 26,3169 Mozambique 25,00010 Guinea-Bissau 22,22211 BurkinaFaso 21,27712 Togo 18,86813 Rwanda 17,85714 PapuaNewGuinea 17,24115 Benin 16,949 Senegal 16,949

17 Mauritania 14,62718 Timor-Leste 13,69919 Mali 12,048 Zimbabwe 12,048

Lowestpop.perdoctor2014orlatesta

Qatar 129

1Qatar 129

2 Monaco 1403 Cuba 1494 Greece 1625 Spain 2026 Belgium 2057 Austria 2078 Russia 2329 Georgia 234 Norway 234

11 Lithuania 24312 Portugal 24413 Switzerland 24714 Andorra 25015 Belarus 255 Sweden 255

17 Germany 25718 Argentina 259 Bulgaria 259

20 Italy 266

a2010–14

ObesityaAdultpopulation18yearsorover,%pointincrease1975–2014

FooddeficitAveragekilocaloriesneededbperpersonperday,2016orlatestHighestdeficit

1 Haiti 5462 Zambia 4053 CentralAfricanRep. 3804 NorthKorea 3435 Namibia 3256 Chad 2617 Zimbabwe 2598 Liberia 2569 Tajikistan 25010 Tanzania 23811 Ethiopia 23612 Rwanda 232

Lowestdeficit

1 Turkey 12 Argentina 23 Tunisia 34 SouthKorea 45 Cuba 76 SaudiArabia 9 Venezuela 98 Brazil 109 Azerbaijan 12 Brunei 12 Egypt 12

12 Jordan 13 SouthAfrica 13

aDefinedasbodymassindexof30ormore–seepage248.

bTolifttheundernourishedfromtheirstatus.

Telephonesandtheinternet

MobiletelephonesSubscribersper100population,2015

1 Macau 324.42 Kuwait 231.83 HongKong 228.74 Maldives 206.75 UnitedArabEmirates 187.36 Bahrain 185.37 Jordan 179.48 SaudiArabia 176.69 Panama 174.210 Botswana 169.011 SouthAfrica 164.512 Montenegro 162.213 Gabon 161.114 Uruguay 160.215 Russia 160.016 Oman 159.917 Qatar 159.118 Trinidad&Tobago 157.719 Austria 157.420 Libya 157.021 Kazakhstan 156.922 Thailand 152.723 CostaRica 150.7

Estonia 148.7

24Estonia 148.7

25 Luxembourg 148.526 Argentina 146.727 Singapore 146.528 Turkmenistan 145.929 ElSalvador 145.330 Ukraine 144.031 Malaysia 143.932 Poland 142.733 Italy 142.134 Mauritius 140.635 Mali 139.636 Lithuania 139.537 Gambia,The 137.838 Suriname 136.839 Switzerland 136.540 Finland 135.441 Israel 133.542 Cambodia 133.043 Australia 132.8 Kyrgyzstan 132.8

45 Indonesia 132.346 Vietnam 130.647 Sweden 130.448 Tunisia 129.949 Ghana 129.750 Chile 129.5

LandlinetelephonesPer100population,2015

1 Monaco 128.12 VirginIslands(US) 71.13 France 59.94 Taiwan 59.75 HongKong 59.26 SouthKorea 58.17 Germany 54.98 Barbados 54.69 Malta 53.410 UnitedKingdom 52.011 Luxembourg 51.012 Switzerland 50.313 Japan 50.214 Iceland 49.915 Belarus 49.016 Andorra 48.017 Greece 47.318 Liechtenstein 46.319 Portugal 44.120 Canada 43.521 Israel 43.122 Austria 42.223 Spain 41.524 Netherlands 41.325 Ireland 40.926 NewZealand 40.227 Belgium 40.1

28 Guam 40.029 UnitedStates 38.430 Iran 38.3

InternetusersPer100population,2015

1 Bermuda 98.32 Iceland 98.23 Luxembourg 97.34 Andorra 96.95 Norway 96.86 Liechtenstein 96.67 Denmark 96.38 Bahrain 93.59 Monaco 93.410 Netherlands 93.111 Qatar 92.912 Finland 92.713 UnitedKingdom 92.014 UnitedArabEmirates 91.215 Japan 91.116 Sweden 90.617 SouthKorea 89.618 Canada 88.519 Estonia 88.420 NewZealand 88.221 Germany 87.622 Switzerland 87.523 Belgium 85.1

HongKong 84.9

24 HongKong 84.925 France 84.726 Australia 84.627 Austria 83.928 Kuwait 82.1 Singapore 82.1

30 CzechRepublic 81.331 Ireland 80.132 PuertoRico 79.533 Latvia 79.234 Spain 78.735 Bahamas 78.0 Taiwan 78.0

37 Macau 77.6 Slovakia 77.6

39 Israel 77.440 Azerbaijan 77.041 Malta 76.242 Barbados 76.143 UnitedStates 74.544 Oman 74.245 Lebanon 74.0 NewCaledonia 74.0

47 Guam 73.1 Slovenia 73.1

49 Hungary 72.850 Cyprus 71.7

BroadbandFixed-broadbandsubscriptionsper100population,2015

1 Monaco 47.92 Bermuda 45.73 Switzerland 45.14 Denmark 42.55 Liechtenstein 41.96 Netherlands 41.77 France 41.38 SouthKorea 40.29 Norway 39.710 UnitedKingdom 38.611 Andorra 37.912 Malta 37.813 Germany 37.214 Iceland 37.015 Belgium 36.816 Canada 36.317 Sweden 36.118 Luxembourg 35.919 HongKong 32.120 Finland 31.721 NewZealand 31.622 Belarus 31.423 UnitedStates 31.024 Greece 30.925 Japan 30.726 Estonia 30.027 Portugal 29.6

28 Macau 29.129 Austria 28.7 Spain 28.7

31 Australia 28.532 Lithuania 27.833 Ireland 27.734 Slovenia 27.635 Hungary 27.4 Israel 27.4

37 CzechRepublic 27.338 Barbados 27.239 Singapore 26.440 Uruguay 26.341 Lebanon 25.442 Latvia 24.843 Italy 24.444 Taiwan 24.3

Artsandentertainment

MusicsalesTotalincludingdownloads,$bn,2016

$perperson,2016

BookpublishingNewtitlespermillionpopulation,2015

1 UnitedKingdom 2,7102 Iceland 2,6283 Denmark 2,3264 Sloveniaa 1,831

Taiwana 1,831

6 France 1,6437 Spain 1,5528 CzechRepublica 1,509

9 Netherlands 1,482 Switzerland 1,482

11 Norway 1,26812 Australiaa 1,176

13 Germany 1,08414 Italy 1,078

15 UnitedStates 1,04316 Georgiab 969

17 Hungarya 920

18 SouthKorea 90919 Austriaa 757

20 Bosnia&Herz. 73121 Russiaa 699

22 Sweden 69523 Argentina 68724 Turkeya 670

25 Finlandb 640

26 Japan 60327 Poland 54728 Belgium 459

a2013b2014

CinemaattendancesTotalvisits,m,2015

1 India 2,191.92 UnitedStates 1,286.83 China 1,050.64 Mexico 276.05 SouthKorea 219.46 France 213.07 Russia 171.78 Japan 161.19 UnitedKingdom 157.8

10 Brazil 156.011 Germany 119.112 Italy 112.513 Spain 85.914 Australia 78.215 Malaysia 72.116 Turkey 65.417 Argentina 49.718 Colombia 49.119 Philippines 41.920 Poland 40.921 Peru 40.122 Netherlands 31.123 Thailand 28.924 HongKong 28.625 Venezuela 27.726 Chile 22.427 Singapore 22.228 SouthAfrica 20.629 Belgium 20.430 UnitedArabEmirates 17.6

Visitsperperson,2015

1 Iceland 4.3 SouthKorea 4.33 Singapore 4.0 UnitedStates 4.05 HongKong 3.96 Australia 3.3

France 3.3 NewZealand 3.39 Bahrain 3.1 Ireland 3.1

11 UnitedKingdom 2.412 Malaysia 2.313 Luxembourg 2.2 Mexico 2.2 Norway 2.2

16 Denmark 2.1 Estonia 2.1

18 Israel 2.0 UnitedArabEmirates 2.0

20 Spain 1.921 Belgium 1.8 Italy 1.8 Netherlands 1.8

24 India 1.7 Malta 1.7 Sweden 1.7 Switzerland 1.7

28 Austria 1.629 Germany 1.530 Finland 1.4

Oscarnominationsbyethnicity2001–17Bestactor White 68

White 68Black 11Latino 5Other 1Supportingactor White 71Black 7Latino 4Other 3Bestactress White 76Black 4Latino 3Other 2Supportingactress White 68Black 12Latino 2Other 3

Thepress

DailynewspapersHighestdailycirculation,m,2015

1 India 285.12 China 142.13 Japan 44.24 UnitedStates 42.45 Germany 16.06 UnitedKingdom 11.37 Indonesia 10.98 SouthKorea 10.39 France 8.910 Brazil 8.411 Russia 8.312 Thailand 7.913 Mexico 7.014 Canada 5.215 Turkey 5.016 Egypt 4.717 Vietnam 4.018 Philippines 3.919 HongKong 3.820 Italy 3.721 Taiwan 3.522 Netherlands 3.423 Sweden 3.0

Austria 2.8

24 Austria 2.8

25 Malaysia 2.7 Switzerland 2.7

27 SaudiArabia 2.3 Ukraine 2.3

29 Spain 2.1

Pressfreedoma

Scores,1=best,100=worst,2015Mostfree

1 Finland 8.62 Netherlands 8.8 Norway 8.84 Denmark 8.95 NewZealand 10.06 CostaRica 11.17 Switzerland 11.88 Sweden 12.39 Ireland 12.410 Jamaica 12.511 Austria 13.212 Slovakia 13.313 Belgium 14.214 Estonia 14.315 Luxembourg 14.416 Germany 14.817 Namibia 15.218 Canada 15.3

Iceland 15.3

Iceland 15.3

20 Uruguay 15.921 CzechRepublic 16.722 Portugal 17.323 Latvia 17.424 Australia 17.825 Ghana 18.026 Cyprus 18.327 Liechtenstein 18.428 Chile 19.2

Leastfree

1 Eritrea 83.92 NorthKorea 83.83 Turkmenistan 83.44 Syria 81.45 China 81.06 Vietnam 74.37 Sudan 72.58 Laos 71.69 Cuba 70.210 Yemen 67.111 EquatorialGuinea 66.5 Iran 66.5

13 Somalia 65.414 Uzbekistan 61.215 SaudiArabia 59.716 Azerbaijan 57.9 Libya 57.9Bahrain 54.9

18 Bahrain 54.9

19 Kazakhstan 54.6 Rwanda 54.6

21 Egypt 54.522 Iraq 54.423 Belarus 54.324 Burundi 54.125 Brunei 53.926 Singapore 53.027 Swaziland 52.428 Congo-Kinshasa 51.029 Turkey 50.8

aBasedondatafordeathsandviolenceagainstjournalists,andattacksonorganisations,plus87questionsonmediatopics.

Nobelprizewinners:1901–2016

NobelprizewinnersBycountryofresidence,1901–2016

Nobelprizewinners:1901–2016Bycountryofbirth

1 UnitedStates 259UnitedKingdom 99

2 UnitedKingdom 99

3 Germany 804 France 545 Sweden 296 Poland 26 Russia 268 Japan 249 Italy 1910 Canada 18 Netherlands 18

12 Austria 16 Switzerland 16

14 China 12 Denmark 12 Norway 12

17 Australia 1018 Belgium 9 Hungary 9 SouthAfrica 9

21 India 822 Spain 723 CzechRepublic 6 Egypt 6 Israel 6

Notes:Prizesbycountryofresidenceattimeawarded.Whenprizeshavebeensharedinthesamefield,onecreditgiventoeachcountry.aSince1969.

Sportschampionsandcheats

WorldCupwinnersandfinalistsMen’sfootball(since1930) Winner Runner-up

1 Brazil 5 22 Germanya 4 4

3 Italy 4 24 Argentina 2 35 Uruguay 2 06 France 1 17 England 1 0 Spain 1 09 Netherlands 0 310 Czechoslovakiab 0 2

Hungary 0 212 Sweden 0 1

Women’sfootball(since1991) Winner Runner-up

1 UnitedStates 3 12 Germany 2 1 Japan 1 1 Norway 1 15 Brazil 0 1 China 0 1 Sweden 0 1

Men’scricket(since1975) Winner Runner-up

Australia 5 2

1 Australia 5 2

2 India 2 1 WestIndies 2 14 SriLanka 1 25 Pakistan 1 16 England 0 37 NewZealand 0 1

Women’scricket(since1973) Winner Runner-up

1 Australia 6 22 England 3 33 NewZealand 1 34 India 0 1 WestIndies 0 1

DavisCup,tennis(since1900)c Winner Runner-up

1 UnitedStates 32 292 Australia 28 193 GreatBritain 10 84 France 9 85 Sweden 7 56 Spain 5 47 CzechRepublicd 3 2

Germanya 3 2

9 Russia 2 310 Italy 1 6

Note:DataasofMay2016.aIncludingWestGermany.

bUntil1993.cExcludesfinalistswhohaveneverwon.dIncludingCzechoslovakia.

SummerOlympicsAthletessentpergoldmedalwon,1896–2016

DopingAnti-dopingruleviolations,2015

1 Russia 176

2 Italy 1293 India 1174 France 845 Belgium 676 SouthAfrica 59 Turkey 598 SouthKorea 519 UnitedStates 5010 Iran 48

aUnifiedteam1952–92.b1968–88

Vices

BeerdrinkersConsumption,litresperperson,2015

1 CzechRepublic 142.42 Austria 104.7 Germany 104.74 Namibia 102.75 Poland 99.06 Ireland 97.57 Lithuania 97.18 Romania 92.19 Estonia 91.510 Gabon 87.011 Spain 82.812 Slovenia 81.213 Panama 80.114 Slovakia 77.915 Finland 77.416 Latvia 77.317 Croatia 76.618 UnitedStates 75.4

SmokersAv.ann.consumptionofcigarettesperpersonperday,2015

1 Moldova 7.12 Belarus 6.8

Lebanon 6.6

3Lebanon 6.6

4 Russia 5.4 Serbia 5.46 China 5.27 Macedonia 5.0 Slovenia 5.09 CzechRepublic 4.810 Bulgaria 4.611 Georgia 4.512 Taiwan 4.213 Austria 4.1 Ukraine 4.1

15 Bosnia&Herz. 4.016 Azerbaijan 3.9 Greece 3.9

Gamblinglossesa

aDataaccordingtoH2GamblingCapital–May2017.bIncludesMacauandHongKong.

Tourism

MosttouristarrivalsNumberofarrivals,‘000,2015

1 France 84,4522 UnitedStates 77,5103 Spain 68,2154 China 56,8865 Italy 50,7326 Turkey 39,4787 Germany 34,9708 UnitedKingdom 34,4369 Russia 33,72910 Mexico 32,09311 Thailand 29,92312 Austria 26,71913 HongKong 26,68614 Malaysia 25,72115 Greece 23,59916 Japan 19,73717 SaudiArabia 17,99418 Canada 17,97119 Poland 16,72220 Netherlands 15,00721 Macau 14,30822 India 13,28423 SouthKorea 13,232

Croatia 12,683

24Croatia 12,683

25 Ukraine 12,42826 Singapore 12,05127 Bahrain 11,62128 Taiwan 10,44029 Denmark 10,42430 Indonesia 10,40731 Morocco 10,17732 Portugal 9,95733 Ireland 9,52834 Romania 9,33135 Switzerland 9,30536 Egypt 9,13937 SouthAfrica 8,90438 CzechRepublic 8,70739 Belgium 8,35540 Vietnam 7,944

Biggesttouristspenders$bn,2015

1 China 292.22 UnitedStates 148.43 Germany 88.84 UnitedKingdom 79.65 France 46.86 Russia 38.47 Canada 29.58 Australia 28.3

SouthKorea 27.6

9 SouthKorea 27.6

10 Italy 24.411 Japan 23.212 HongKong 23.113 Singapore 22.114 SaudiArabia 21.715 Belgium 21.1 Netherlands 21.1

17 Brazil 20.418 Switzerland 18.519 India 17.720 Spain 17.321 Norway 17.122 Sweden 14.423 Kuwait 13.124 Mexico 12.7

Largesttouristreceipts$bn,2015

1 UnitedStates 246.22 China 114.13 UnitedKingdom 60.74 Spain 56.45 France 54.06 Thailand 48.57 Germany 47.48 HongKong 42.69 Italy 39.4

Turkey 35.4

10 Turkey 35.4

11 Macau 32.012 Australia 31.313 Japan 27.314 India 21.515 Switzerland 19.616 Netherlands 19.317 SouthKorea 19.118 Mexico 18.719 Austria 18.320 Malaysia 17.621 Greece 17.322 Singapore 16.723 Canada 16.224 UnitedArabEmirates 16.0

Countryprofiles

AlgeriaArgentinaAustraliaAustriaBangladeshBelgiumBrazilBulgariaCameroonCanadaChileChinaColombiaCzechRepublicDenmarkEgyptFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHongKongHungaryIndiaIndonesiaIranIreland

IsraelItalyIvoryCoastJapanKenyaMalaysiaMexicoMoroccoNetherlandsNewZealandNigeriaNorwayPakistanPeruPhilippinesPolandPortugalRomaniaRussiaSaudiArabiaSingaporeSlovakiaSloveniaSouthAfricaSouthKoreaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTaiwanThailandTurkeyUkraineUnitedArabEmiratesUnitedKingdomUnitedStatesVenezuela

VietnamZimbabweEuroareaWorld

ALGERIAArea,sqkm 2,381,741Arableas%oftotalland 3.1Capital AlgiersCurrency Algeriandinar(AD)

PeoplePopulation,m 39.7Pop.persqkm 16.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.6Pop.aged0–24,% 45.2Pop.aged70andover,% 3.9No.ofmenper100women 101.3HumanDevelopmentIndex 74.5Lifeexpectancy:men 73.4yrs

women 78.0yrsAdultliteracy 79.6Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 73.4

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 21.5Crudedeathrate 5.1

TheeconomyGDP $165bnGDP AD16,592bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 3.3%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 3.3%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 13Industry,ofwhich: 39manufacturing …Services 48GDPperhead $4,151GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

26.1

Economicfreedomindex 46.5

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 41Publicconsumption 21Investment 51Exports 24Imports -37

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 8.8Industry 30.4Services 60.5

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 11.0Av.ann.rate2005–15 11.4

Av.ann.rate2005–15 11.4

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 164.0Totalconsumption 59.0Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 1,327Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -177

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 5.9%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 6.3%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 1.55%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 6.0%Broadmoney 7.0%

Exchangeratesend2016

ADper$ 110.5ADpersdr 148.6ADper€ 116.3

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 86.7–real 104.2

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobHydrocarbons 32.7Semi-finishedgoods 1.7Rawmaterials 0.1Totalincl.others 34.7

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Spain 17.4Italy 16.3France 13.0UnitedKingdom 7.6

Principalimports$bncif

Capitalgoods 17.7Intermediategoods 16.0Food 9.3Consumergoods 8.7Total 51.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 16.0France 10.5Italy 9.4Spain 7.6

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 34.3Visibleimportsfob -52.2Tradebalance -17.8Invisiblesinflows 5.6Invisiblesoutflows -17.6Nettransfers 2.5Currentaccountbalance -27.2–as%ofGDP -16.5Capitalbalance 0.2Overallbalance -27.4Changeinreserves -35.8LevelofreservesendDec. 150.6No.monthsofimportcover 25.9Officialgoldholdings,moz 5.6Foreigndebt 4.7–as%ofGDP 2.8–as%oftotalexports 11.5Debtserviceratio 1.7

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.2Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.2Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. …Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 83.6Educationspending,%ofGDP …Enrolment,%:primary 116

secondary 100tertiary 37

tertiary 37

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 7.3Av.no.perhousehold 5.4Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Muslim 97.9Non-religious 1.8Christian 0.2Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Other <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 45Carsper1,000pop. 87ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable …satellite 93.1

Telephonelinesper100pop. 8.0Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 106.4Broadbandsubsper100pop. 5.6Internetusers,%ofpop. 38.1

ARGENTINAArea,sqkm 2,780,400Arableas%oftotalland 14.3Capital BuenosAiresCurrency Peso(P)

PeoplePopulation,m 43.4Pop.persqkm 15.6Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.9Pop.aged0–24,% 41.1Pop.aged70andover,% 7.4No.ofmenper100women 95.8HumanDevelopmentIndex 82.7Lifeexpectancy:men 73.2yrs

women 80.6yrsAdultliteracy 98.1Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.2Urbanpopulation,2020,% 92.4 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 16.9Crudedeathrate 7.5

TheeconomyGDP $632bnGDP P5,854bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.4%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.4%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 6Industry,ofwhich: 28manufacturing 17Services 66GDPperhead $14,553GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

36.3

Economicfreedomindex 50.4

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 65Publicconsumption 18Investment 17Exports 11Imports -12

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 2.0Industry 24.6Services 72.8

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 6.6Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.1

Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.1

Energy mTOETotaloutput 67.1Totalconsumption 94.0Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,179Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 13

InflationandfinanceConsumerprice inflation2016 10.6%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 10.8%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 24.66%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 29.1%Broadmoney 32.0%

Exchangeratesend2016

Pper$ 15.9Ppersdr 21.4Pper€ 16.7

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal ...–real ...

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobProcessedagriculturalproducts 23.3Manufactures 18.0Primaryproducts 13.3Fuels&energy 2.3Total 56.8

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Brazil 17.8China 9.0UnitedStates 6.0Chile 4.2

Principalimports$bncif

Intermediategoods 18.1Capitalgoods 11.8Consumergoods 6.8Fuels 6.8Totalincl.others 59.8

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Brazil 21.9China 19.7UnitedStates 12.9Germany 5.2

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 56.8Visibleimportsfob -57.2Tradebalance -0.4Invisiblesinflows 16.3Invisiblesoutflows -32.3Nettransfers -0.4Currentaccountbalance -16.8–as%ofGDP -2.7

Capitalbalance 9.6Overallbalance -8.4Changeinreserves -5.9LevelofreservesendDec. 25.5No.monthsofimportcover 3.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 2.0Foreigndebt 159.7–as%ofGDP 25.2–as%oftotalexports 217.2

Debtserviceratio 24.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 4.8Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 4.7Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.1Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.5Enrolment,%:primary 110

secondary 107

secondary 107tertiary 83

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 13.5Av.no.perhousehold 3.2Marriagesper1,000pop. 2.8Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Christian 85.2Non-religious 12.2Other 1.1Muslim 1.0Jewish 0.5Hindu <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 66Carsper1,000pop. 243ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 64.8satellite 14.4

Telephonelinesper100pop. 23.9Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 147.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 16.3Internetusers,%ofpop. 69.4

AUSTRALIAArea,sqkm 7,741,000Arableas%oftotalland 6.1Capital CanberraCurrency Australiandollar(A$)

PeoplePopulation,m 24.0Pop.persqkm 3.1Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.3Pop.aged0–24,% 31.9Pop.aged70andover,% 10.1No.ofmenper100women 99.9HumanDevelopmentIndex 93.9Lifeexpectancy:men 81.1yrs

women 85.0yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 90.1

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 13.0Crudedeathrate 6.7

TheeconomyGDP $1,230bnGDP A$1,634bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.7%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.7%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 3Industry,ofwhich: 26manufacturing 17Services 72GDPperhead $51,238GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

85.0

Economicfreedomindex 81.0

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 57Publicconsumption 18Investment 27Exports 20Imports -21

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 2.7Industry 19.5Services 78.0

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 6.1Av.ann.rate2005–15 5.2

Av.ann.rate2005–15 5.2

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 360.1Totalconsumption 141.6Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 5,338Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -192

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 1.3%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 4.0%MoneyMarketRate,Dec.2016 1.50%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 5.4%Broadmoney 6.8%

Exchangeratesend2016

A$per$ 1.38A$persdr 1.86A$per€ 1.45

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 93.7–real 95.1

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Crudematerials 61.3Fuels 46.8Food 26.8Machinery&transportequipment 12.1Totalincl.others 187.7

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 32.4Japan 16.0SouthKorea 7.1UnitedStates 5.5

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequipment 79.8Miscellaneousmanufacturedarticles 30.4Manufacturedgoods 24.5Mineralfuels 21.7Totalincl.others 200.5

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 24.5UnitedStates 11.9Japan 7.8SouthKorea 5.8

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 188.3Visibleimportsfob -207.2Tradebalance -18.8Invisiblesinflows 87.7Invisiblesoutflows -125.4Nettransfers -1.4Currentaccountbalance -58.0–as%ofGDP -4.7Capitalbalance 50.6Overallbalance -2.3Changeinreserves -4.6LevelofreservesendDec. 49.3No.monthsofimportcover 1.8Officialgoldholdings,moz 2.6Aidgiven 3.5–as%ofGDP 0.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 9.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.3Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 3.9Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.3Enrolment,%:primary 106

secondary 138tertiary 90

tertiary 90

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 8.8Av.no.perhousehold 2.7Marriagesper1,000pop. 5.2Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.0Religion,%ofpop. Christian 67.3Non-religious 24.2Other 4.2Muslim 2.4Hindu 1.4Jewish 0.5

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 90Carsper1,000pop. 563ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 24.9satellite 33.7

Telephonelinesper100pop. 38.0Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 132.8Broadbandsubsper100pop. 28.5Internetusers,%ofpop. 84.6

AUSTRIAArea,sqkm 82,523Arableas%oftotalland 16.5Capital ViennaCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 8.6Pop.persqkm 104.2Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.3Pop.aged0–24,% 25.9Pop.aged70andover,% 13.7No.ofmenper100women 96.5HumanDevelopmentIndex 89.3Lifeexpectancy:men 79.7yrs

women 84.4yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.5Urbanpopulation,2020,% 66.4

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 9.7Crudedeathrate 9.5

TheeconomyGDP $377bnGDP €340bn

GDP €340bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.0%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 28manufacturing 19Services 70GDPperhead $43,855GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

84.2

Economicfreedomindex 72.3

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 53Publicconsumption 20Investment 24Exports 53Imports -49

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 4.5Industry 25.8Services 69.7

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.7

Av.ann.rate2005–15 5.1

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 2.2Totalconsumption 35.4Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,765Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 62

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.9%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.7%Depositrate,Dec.2016 0.30%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 98.5–real 100.4

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip. 61.9Chemicals&relatedproducts 20.4Food,drink&tobacco 11.1Rawmaterials 4.7Totalincl.others 152.9

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 29.4Italy 6.1UnitedStates 6.3Switzerland 5.7EU28 70.1

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip. 55.3Chemicals&relatedproducts 20.9Mineralfuels&lubricants 11.7Food,drink&tobacco 11.6Totalincl.others 156.1

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 41.5Italy 6.2Switzerland 5.9

CzechRepublic 4.2EU28 76.8

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 142.1Visibleimportsfob -140.4Tradebalance 1.7Invisiblesinflows 89.8Invisiblesoutflows -80.5Nettransfers -3.8Currentaccountbalance 7.2–as%ofGDP 1.9Capitalbalance -7.8Overallbalance -0.4Changeinreserves -2.8LevelofreservesendDec. 22.2No.monthsofimportcover 1.2Officialgoldholdings,moz 9.0Aidgiven 1.3–as%ofGDP 0.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 11.2Doctorsper1,000pop. 4.8Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 7.6Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.6Enrolment,%:primary 103

Enrolment,%:primary 103secondary 100tertiary 82

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 3.8Av.no.perhousehold 2.3Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.3Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.9Religion,%ofpop. Christian 80.4Non-religious 13.5Muslim 5.4Other 0.5Jewish 0.2Hindu <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 91Carsper1,000pop. 552ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 38.6satellite 54.3

Telephonelinesper100pop. 42.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 157.4Broadbandsubsper100pop. 28.7Internetusers,%ofpop. 83.9

BANGLADESHArea,sqkm 130,170Arableas%oftotalland 58.9Capital DhakaCurrency Taka(Tk)

PeoplePopulation,m 161.0Pop.persqkm 1,236.8Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.1Pop.aged0–24,% 48.9Pop.aged70andover,% 3.2No.ofmenper100women 102.0HumanDevelopmentIndex 57.9Lifeexpectancy:men 71.6yrs

women 74.3yrsAdultliteracy 61.5Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 38.0

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 18.6Crudedeathrate 5.3

TheeconomyGDP $207bnGDP Tk16,227bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 6.4%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 6.4%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 16Industry,ofwhich: 28manufacturing 18Services 56GDPperhead $1,284GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

6.4

Economicfreedomindex 55.0

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 73Publicconsumption 5Investment 29Exports 17Imports -25

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 47.5Industry 17.7Services 35.3

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 4.1Av.ann.rate2005–15 4.3

Av.ann.rate2005–15 4.3

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 22.6Totalconsumption 28.4Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 223Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 17

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 6.7%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 7.8%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 3.00%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 13.6%Broadmoney 15.8%

Exchangeratesend2016

Tkper$ 78.7Tkpersdr 105.8Tkper€ 82.8

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal …–real …

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Clothing 20.7Jutegoods 0.7Fish&fishproducts 0.4Leather 0.3Totalincl.others 29.9

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 13.9Germany 12.9UnitedKingdom 8.9France 5.0

Principalimports$bncif

Textiles&yarns 3.9Fuels 3.3Iron&steel 2.9Capitalmachinery 2.7Totalincl.others 39.5

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 22.4India 14.1Singapore 5.2Japan 3.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 31.7Visibleimportsfob -37.6Tradebalance -5.9Invisiblesinflows 3.2Invisiblesoutflows -10.5Nettransfers 15.9Currentaccountbalance 2.7–as%ofGDP 1.3Capitalbalance 3.6Overallbalance 5.4Changeinreserves 5.2LevelofreservesendDec. 27.5No.monthsofimportcover 6.9Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.4Foreigndebt 38.6–as%ofGDP 19.8–as%oftotalexports 76.8Debtserviceratio 2.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 2.8Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.4Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.6Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 86.9Educationspending,%ofGDP 2.2Enrolment,%:primary 120

Enrolment,%:primary 120secondary 64tertiary 13

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 37.1Av.no.perhousehold 4.3Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop.ofpop. Muslim 89.8Hindu 9.1Other 0.9Christian 0.2Jewish <0.1Non-religious <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 72Carsper1,000pop. 3.0ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable …satellite …

Telephonelinesper100pop. 0.5Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 81.9Broadbandsubsper100pop. 3.1Internetusers,%ofpop. 14.4

BELGIUMArea,sqkm 30,280Arableas%oftotalland 27.0Capital BrusselsCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 11.3Pop.persqkm 373.2Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.6Pop.aged0–24,% 28.6Pop.aged70andover,% 12.8No.ofmenper100women 96.8HumanDevelopmentIndex 89.6Lifeexpectancy:men 79.1yrs

women 83.7yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 98.0

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 11.4Crudedeathrate 9.7

TheeconomyGDP $455bnGDP €410bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 0.9%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 0.9%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 22manufacturing 14Services 77GDPperhead $40,295GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

78.4

Economicfreedomindex 67.8

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 51Publicconsumption 24Investment 23Exports 83Imports -81

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 1.2Industry 21.4Services 77.4

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 8.5Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.0

Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 8.3Totalconsumption 61.2Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 4,699Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 76

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.1%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.3%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 -1.00%

av.ann.increase2011–16NARROWmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.60%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 97.6–real 97.4

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob$bnfob

Chemicals&relatedproducts 120.2Machinery&transportequip. 85.8Food,drink&tobacco 37.2Mineralfuels&lubricants 33.2Totalincl.others 398.1

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 16.7France 15.5Netherlands 11.4UnitedKingdom 8.8EU28 71.9

Principalimports$bncif$bncif

Chemicals&relatedproducts 97.4Machinery&transportequip. 90.1Mineralfuels&lubricants 45.6Food,drink&tobacco 31.3Totalincl.others 375.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Netherlands 16.7Germany 12.8France 9.5

France 9.5UnitedStates 8.7EU28 62.8

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 254.8Visibleimportsfob -251.9Tradebalance 2.8Invisiblesinflows 164.1Invisiblesoutflows -157.6Nettransfers -7.4Currentaccountbalance 1.9–as%ofGDP 0.4Capitalbalance -4.0Overallbalance -1.1Changeinreserves -1.3LevelofreservesendDec. 24.1No.monthsofimportcover 0.7Officialgoldholdings,moz 7.3Aidgiven 1.9–as%ofGDP 0.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 10.6Doctorsper1,000pop. 4.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 6.5Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 6.4Enrolment,%:primary 105

Enrolment,%:primary 105secondary 165tertiary 73

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 4.7Av.no.perhousehold 2.4Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.6Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.5Religion,%ofpop. Christian 64.2Non-religious 29.0Muslim 5.9Other 0.6Jewish 0.3Hindu <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 81Carsper1,000pop. 496ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 74.2satellite 5.9

Telephonelinesper100pop. 40.1Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 115.7Broadbandsubsper100pop. 36.8Internetusers,%ofpop. 85.1

BRAZILArea,sqkm 8,516,000Arableas%oftotalland 9.6Capital BrasíliaCurrency Real(R)

PeoplePopulation,m 207.8Pop.persqkm 24.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.8Pop.aged0–24,% 39.5Pop.aged70andover,% 5.0No.ofmenper100women 96.7HumanDevelopmentIndex 75.4Lifeexpectancy:men 71.8yrs

women 79.1yrsAdultliteracy 92.6Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 86.8

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 14.0Crudedeathrate 6.3

TheeconomyGDP $1,801bnGDP R6,001bn

GDP R6,001bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.0%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 5Industry,ofwhich: 22manufacturing 12Services 73GDPperhead $8,669GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

27.6

Economicfreedomindex 52.9

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 64Publicconsumption 20Investment 18Exports 13Imports -14

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 10.3Industry 22.2Services 77.3

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 8.5

Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 150.3Totalconsumption 320.9Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 1,471Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 12

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 9.0%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 7.8%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 12.27%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 3.9%Broadmoney 11.8%

Exchangeratesend2016

Rper$ 3.26Rpersdr 4.38Rper€ 3.73

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 68.17–real 84.00

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Primaryproducts 87.2Manufacturedgoods 72.8Semi-manufacturedgoods 26.5Totalincl.others 191.1

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 18.6UnitedStates 12.7Argentina 6.7Netherlands 5.3

Principalimports$bncif

Intermediateproducts&rawmaterials 81.2Capitalgoods 37.7Consumergoods 30.8Fuels&lubricants 21.8Totalincl.others 171.4

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

UnitedStates 19.0China 16.5Argentina 6.4Netherlands 6.4

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 190.1Visibleimportsfob -172.4Tradebalance 17.7Invisiblesinflows 45.7Invisiblesoutflows -125.0Nettransfers 2.7Currentaccountbalance -58.9–as%ofGDP -3.3Capitalbalance 56.7Overallbalance 1.6Changeinreserves -7.1LevelofreservesendDec. 356.5No.monthsofimportcover 14.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 2.2Foreigndebt 543.4–as%ofGDP 30.2–as%oftotalexports 227.7Debtserviceratio 37.6

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 8.3Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.3Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 98.1Educationspending,%ofGDP 6.0Enrolment,%:primary 111

secondary 102tertiary 49

tertiary 49

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 62.1Av.no.perhousehold 3.3Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Christian 88.9Non-religious 7.9Other 3.1Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Muslim <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 65Carsper1,000pop. 162ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 11.3satellite 16.9

Telephonelinesper100pop. 21.4Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 126.6Broadbandsubsper100pop. 12.2Internetusers,%ofpop. 59.1

BULGARIAArea,sqkm 108,560Arableas%oftotalland 32.1Capital SofiaCurrency Lev(BGL)

PeoplePopulation,m 7.1Pop.persqkm 65.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% -0.8Pop.aged0–24,% 23.8Pop.aged70andover,% 13.3No.ofmenper100women 94.5HumanDevelopmentIndex 79.4Lifeexpectancy:men 71.1yrs

women 78.0yrsAdultliteracy 98.4Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.5Urbanpopulation,2020,% 75.5

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 9.5Crudedeathrate 15.6

TheeconomyGDP $50bnGDP BGL89bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.5%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 5Industry,ofwhich: 28manufacturing …Services 67GDPperhead $7,070GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

34.7

Economicfreedomindex 67.9

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 63Publicconsumption 16Investment 21Exports 64Imports -64

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 6.9Industry 29.9Services 63.3

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 9.1Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.6

Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.6

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 9.0Totalconsumption 19.5Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,478Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 37

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 -1.6%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 2.3%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 -0.11%

av.ann.change2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 14.2%Broadmoney 6.9%

Exchangeratesend2016

BGLper$ 1.86BGLpersdr 2.49BGLper€ 1.96

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 107.60–real 98.19

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Rawmaterials 10.4Consumergoods 6.8Capitalgoods 5.4Mineralfuels&lubricants 2.1Totalincl.others 25.5

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 12.6Italy 9.3Turkey 8.6Romania 8.2EU28 64.9

Principalimports$bncif

Rawmaterials 10.7Capitalgoods 7.5Consumergoods 6.2Mineralfuels&lubricants 3.6Totalincl.others 29.2

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 12.9Russia 12.0Italy 7.6

Romania 6.8EU28 64.3

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 24.3Visibleimportsfob -27.2Tradebalance -2.9Invisiblesinflows 8.8Invisiblesoutflows -7.8Nettransfers 1.8Currentaccountbalance -0.1–as%ofGDP -0.1Capitalbalance 2.7Overallbalance 4.0Changeinreserves 2.0LevelofreservesendDec. 22.2No.monthsofimportcover 7.6Officialgoldholdings,moz 1.3Foreigndebt 37.5–as%ofGDP 74.7–as%oftotalexports 108.0Debtserviceratio 30.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 8.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 6.4Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.4

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.4Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.1Enrolment,%:primary 97

secondary 99tertiary 74

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 2.9Av.no.perhousehold 2.4Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.4Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.5Religion,%ofpop. Christian 82.1Muslim 13.7Non-religious 4.2Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Other <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 54Carsper1,000pop. 419ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 48.2satellite 28.8

Telephonelinesper100pop. 23.3Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 129.3Broadbandsubsper100pop. 22.7Internetusers,%ofpop. 56.7

CAMEROONArea,sqkm 475,000Arableas%oftotalland 13.1Capital YaoundéCurrency CFAfranc(CFAfr)

PeoplePopulation,m 23.3Pop.persqkm 49.1Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 2.4Pop.aged0–24,% 62.8Pop.aged70andover,% 1.9No.ofmenper100women 100.0HumanDevelopmentIndex 51.8Lifeexpectancy:men 55.9yrs

women 58.2yrsAdultliteracy 75.0Fertilityrate(perwoman) 4.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 57.1

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 35.0Crudedeathrate 10.6

TheeconomyGDP $28bnGDP CFAfr16,807bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 5.2%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 23Industry,ofwhich: 28manufacturing 14Services 49GDPperhead $1,220GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

5.6

Economicfreedomindex 51.8

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 78Publicconsumption 12Investment 21Exports 20Imports -30

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture …Industry …Services …

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 4.4Av.ann.rate2005–15 3.9

Av.ann.rate2005–15 3.9

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 4.5Totalconsumption 3.9Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 334Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -28

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.2%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 4.1%Depositrate,Jun.2016 2.45%

av.ann.change2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.4%Broadmoney 7.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

CFAfrper$ 622.29CFAfrpersdr 836.56CFAfrper€ 654.80

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 103.20–real 98.16

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Fuels 1.5Cocoabeans&products 0.6Timber 0.6Cotton 0.1Totalincl.others 5.2

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Netherlands 16.3India 15.6China 12.5Portugal 7.1

Principalimports$bncif

Manufacturedproducts 3.2Food 1.1Fuels 1.1Totalincl.others 5.6

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 19.4Nigeria 12.1France 10.5Belgium 4.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 5.2Visibleimportsfob -5.6Tradebalance -0.4Invisiblesinflows 1.7Invisiblesoutflows -2.8Nettransfers 0.3Currentaccountbalance -1.2–as%ofGDP -4.1Capitalbalance 1.9Overallbalance 0.7Changeinreserves 0.4LevelofreservesendDec. 3.5No.monthsofimportcover 5.0Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Foreigndebt 6.6–as%ofGDP 23.1–as%oftotalexports 91.6Debtserviceratio 5.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 4.1Doctorsper1,000pop. …Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.3Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 75.6Educationspending,%ofGDP 3.0Enrolment,%:primary 117

secondary 58tertiary 18

tertiary 18

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 4.4Av.no.perhousehold 5.3Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Christian 70.3Muslim 18.3Other 6.0Non-religious 5.3Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 …Carsper1,000pop. 11ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable …satellite 2.4

Telephonelinesper100pop. 4.5Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 71.8Broadbandsubsper100pop. 0.1Internetusers,%ofpop. 20.7

CANADAArea,sqkma 9,985,000

Arableas%oftotalland 5.1Capital OttawaCurrency Canadiandollar(C$)

PeoplePopulation,m 35.9Pop.persqkm 3.6Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.9Pop.aged0–24,% 28.8Pop.aged70andover,% 10.8No.ofmenper100women 98.4HumanDevelopmentIndex 92.0Lifeexpectancy:men 80.8yrs

women 84.4yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.6Urbanpopulation,2020,% 82.7

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 10.5Crudedeathrate 7.5

TheeconomyGDP $1,553bnGDP C$1,986bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.1%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 28manufacturing …Services 70GDPperhead $43,254GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

81.4

Economicfreedomindex 78.5

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 58Publicconsumption 21Investment 23Exports 31Imports -33

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 1.6Industry 19.9Services 78.4

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 6.9Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.0

Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 417.8Totalconsumption 364.2Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 7,874Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -68

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 1.6%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.4%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 0.47%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 7.6%Broadmoney 8.1%

Exchangeratesend2016

C$per$ 1.34C$persdr 1.81C$per€ 1.41

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 83.38–real 82.64

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Motorvehicles&parts 68.1Energyproducts 65.6Consumergoods 54.2Metal&mineralproducts 45.2Totalincl.others 410.5

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 76.7China 3.9UnitedKingdom 3.1Japan 1.9EU28 7.2

Principalimports$bncif

Consumergoods 91.9Motorvehicles&parts 78.5Electronic&electricalequip. 49.4Energyproducts 42.0Totalincl.others 428.5

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

UnitedStates 53.1China 12.2Mexico 5.8

Germany 3.2EU28 11.5

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 410.7Visibleimportsfob -428.8Tradebalance -18.0Invisiblesinflows 151.3Invisiblesoutflows -183.5Nettransfers -2.8Currentaccountbalance -53.1–as%ofGDP -3.4Capitalbalance 62.2Overallbalance 8.5Changeinreserves 5.1LevelofreservesendDec. 79.8No.monthsofimportcover 1.6Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.1Aidgiven 4.3–as%ofGDP 0.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 10.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.1Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.7Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.8Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.3Enrolment,%:primary 101

Enrolment,%:primary 101secondary 110tertiary …

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 14.0Av.no.perhousehold 2.6Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Christian 69.0Non-religious 23.7Other 2.8Muslim 2.1Hindu 1.4Jewish 1.0

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 81Carsper1,000pop. 612ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 66.4satellite 22.2

Telephonelinesper100pop. 43.5Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 83.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 36.3Internetusers,%ofpop. 88.5

aIncludingfreshwater.

CHILEArea,sqkm 743,532Arableas%oftotalland 1.7Capital SantiagoCurrency Chileanpeso(Ps)

PeoplePopulation,m 17.9Pop.persqkm 24.1Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.0Pop.aged0–24,% 35.4Pop.aged70andover,% 7.4No.ofmenper100women 97.4HumanDevelopmentIndex 84.7Lifeexpectancy:men 79.8yrs

women 85.3yrsAdultliteracy 96.6Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 90.3

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 12.7Crudedeathrate 5.2

TheeconomyGDP $243bnGDP 158.6trnpesos

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 3.9%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 4Industry,ofwhich: 33manufacturing 12Services 63GDPperhead $13,550GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

42.5

Economicfreedomindex 76.5

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 64Publicconsumption 13Investment 22Exports 30Imports -30

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 9.6Industry 23.1Services 67.3

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 6.2Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.3

Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.3

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 2.3Totalconsumption 34.8Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,033Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 64

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 4.0%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 5.1%Moneymarketrate,Sep.2016 3.50%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 9.4%Broadmoney 8.9%

Exchangeratesend2016

Psper$ 667.29Pspersdr 897.06Psper€ 702.16

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 98.52–real 100.69

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Copper 30.1Freshfruit 4.5Cellulose&paperproducts 3.2Totalincl.others 62.3

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 26.2UnitedStates 13.2Japan 8.5SouthKorea 6.5

Principalimports$bncif

Intermediategoods 32.2Consumergoods 18.0Capitalgoods 12.3Totalincl.others 63.0

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 23.2UnitedStates 18.7Brazil 7.7Argentina 4.0

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 62.2Visibleimportsfob -58.7Tradebalance 3.5Invisiblesinflows 17.1Invisiblesoutflows -27.1Nettransfers 1.8Currentaccountbalance -4.8–as%ofGDP -2.0Capitalbalance 5.5Overallbalance 0.2Changeinreserves -1.8LevelofreservesendDec. 38.6No.monthsofimportcover 5.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Foreigndebt 156.2–as%ofGDP 64.9–as%oftotalexports 201.1Debtserviceratio 33.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.8Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.0Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.1Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.0Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.8Enrolment,%:primary 102

secondary 101tertiary 89

tertiary 89

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 6.2Av.no.perhousehold 2.9Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.5Divorcesper1,000pop. 0.1Religion,%ofpop. Christian 89.4Non-religious 8.6Other 1.9Jewish 0.1Hindu <0.1Muslim <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 65Carsper1,000pop. 168ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 34.2satellite 5.2

Telephonelinesper100pop. 19.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 129.5Broadbandsubsper100pop. 15.2Internetusers,%ofpop. 64.3

CHINAArea,sqkm 9,563,000Arableas%oftotalland 11.3Capital BeijingCurrency Yuan

PeoplePopulation,m 1,376.0Pop.persqkm 143.9Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.4Pop.aged0–24,% 30.7Pop.aged70andover,% 5.8No.ofmenper100women 106.3HumanDevelopmentIndex 73.8Lifeexpectancy:men 75.3yrswomen 78.1yrs

Adultliteracy 96.4Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.6Urbanpopulation,2020,% 61.0

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 11.4Crudedeathrate 7.4

TheeconomyGDP $11,226bnGDP Yuan69,911bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 7.9%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 9Industry,ofwhich: 41manufacturing 30Services 50GDPperhead $8,159GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

25.5

Economicfreedomindex 57.4

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 37Publicconsumption 14Investment 45Exports 22Imports -18

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 28.3Industry 29.3Services 42.4

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 4.6Av.ann.rate2005–15 4.3

Av.ann.rate2005–15 4.3

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 2,395.7Totalconsumption 3,072.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,237Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 15

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.1%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 4.1%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 0.67%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 10.9%Broadmoney 12.7%

Exchangeratesend2016

Yuanper$ 6.95Yuanpersdr 9.34Yuanper€ 7.31

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 115.39–real 122.64

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Telecomsequipment 296.5Electricalgoods 292.2Officemachinery 190.1Clothing&apparel 174.4Totalincl.others 2,273.5

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 18.1HongKong 14.6Japan 6.0SouthKorea 4.5EU28 15.6

Principalimports$bncif

Electricalmachinery 351.0Petroleumproducts 161.0Metalores&scrap 110.4Professionalinstruments 80.3Totalincl.others 1,679.6

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

SouthKorea 10.4UnitedStates 8.6Japan 8.5

Taiwan 8.5EU28 12.4

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 2,142.8Visibleimportsfob -1,575.8Tradebalance 567.0Invisiblesinflows 514.3Invisiblesoutflows -742.1Nettransfers -8.7Currentaccountbalance 330.6–as%ofGDP 3.0Capitalbalance -485.3Overallbalance -342.9Changeinreserves -494.8LevelofreservesendDec. 3,405.3No.monthsofimportcover 17.6Officialgoldholdings,moz 56.7Foreigndebt 1,418.3–as%ofGDP 12.6–as%oftotalexports 52.5Debtserviceratio 4.6

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 5.5Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 3.8Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 95.5

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 95.5Educationspending,%ofGDP …Enrolment,%:primary 104

secondary 94tertiary 43

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 453.0Av.no.perhousehold 3.0Marriagesper1,000pop. 9.6Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.8Religion,%ofpop. Non-religious 52.2Other 22.7Buddhist 18.2Christian 5.1Muslim 1.8Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 79Carsper1,000pop. 83ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 50.0satellite …

Telephonelinesper100pop. 16.5Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 92.2Broadbandsubsper100pop. 19.8Internetusers,%ofpop. 50.3

Note:DataexcludeSpecialAdministrativeRegions,ie,HongKongandMacau.

COLOMBIAArea,sqkm 1,142,000Arableas%oftotalland 1.5Capital BogotáCurrency Colombianpeso(peso)

PeoplePopulation,m 48.2Pop.persqkm 42.2Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.8Pop.aged0–24,% 41.4Pop.aged70andover,% 4.3No.ofmenper100women 97.0HumanDevelopmentIndex 72.7Lifeexpectancy:men 71.2yrs

women 78.3yrsAdultliteracy 94.6Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.0Urbanpopulation,2020,% 77.8

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 14.8Crudedeathrate 6.1

TheeconomyGDP $292bnGDP 799trnpesosAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 4.6%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 4.6%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 7Industry,ofwhich: 34manufacturing 12Services 59GDPperhead $6,048GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

24.7

Economicfreedomindex 69.7

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 64Publicconsumption 18Investment 28Exports 15Imports -24

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 15.8Industry 19.6Services 64.6

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 9.0Av.ann.rate2005–15 10.8

Av.ann.rate2005–15 10.8

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 116.8Totalconsumption 41.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 712Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -274

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 7.6%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 5.0%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 7.65%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 6.0%Broadmoney 10.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

Pesoper$ 3,000.71Pesopersdr 4,033.94Pesoper€ 3,157.50

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 83.92–real 68.51

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Petroleum&products 14.2Coal 4.6Coffee 2.5Nickel 0.4Totalincl.others 35.7

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 27.5Panama 7.2China 5.2Spain 4.4

Principalimports$bncif

Intermediategoods&rawmaterials 23.3Capitalgoods 18.6Consumergoods 12.1Totalincl.others 54.1

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

UnitedStates 28.8China 18.6Mexico 7.1Germany 4.2

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 38.1Visibleimportsfob -52.0Tradebalance -14.0Invisiblesinflows 11.9Invisiblesoutflows -22.0Nettransfers 5.3Currentaccountbalance -18.8–as%ofGDP -6.4Capitalbalance 18.7Overallbalance 0.4Changeinreserves -0.6LevelofreservesendDec. 46.2No.monthsofimportcover 7.5Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.1Foreigndebt 111.0–as%ofGDP 38.0–as%oftotalexports 203.4Debtserviceratio 25.6

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.2Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.5Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.5Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 91.4Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.5Enrolment,%:primary 114

secondary 98tertiary 56

tertiary 56

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 13.3Av.no.perhousehold 3.6Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Christian 92.5Non-religious 6.6Other 0.8Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Muslim <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 61Carsper1,000pop. 62ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 57.0satellite 7.4

Telephonelinesper100pop. 14.4Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 115.7Broadbandsubsper100pop. 11.2Internetusers,%ofpop. 55.9

CZECHREPUBLICArea,sqkm 77,210Arableas%oftotalland 40.7Capital PragueCurrency Koruna(Kc)

PeoplePopulation,m 10.5Pop.persqkm 136.0Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.1Pop.aged0–24,% 25.1Pop.aged70andover,% 11.6No.ofmenper100women 96.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 87.8Lifeexpectancy:men 76.3yrs

women 81.9yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 73.1

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 10.0Crudedeathrate 10.6

TheeconomyGDP $185bnGDP Kc4,555bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.6%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.6%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 3Industry,ofwhich: 38manufacturing 27Services 60GDPperhead $17,634GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

57.4

Economicfreedomindex 73.3

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 47Publicconsumption 20Investment 27Exports 83Imports -77

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 2.9Industry 38.0Services 59.0

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.1Av.ann.rate2005–15 6.4

Av.ann.rate2005–15 6.4

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 27.8Totalconsumption 40.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,915Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 29

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.6%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.4%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 -1.19%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 9.7%Broadmoney 4.0%

Exchangeratesend2016

Kcper$ 25.64Kcpersdr 34.47Kcper€ 26.98

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 91.10–real 91.49

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip. 87.5Semi-manufactures 25.0Miscellaneousmanufacturedgoods 19.4Chemicals 9.8Totalincl.others 157.9

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 32.1Slovakia 9.0Poland 5.9UnitedKingdom 5.3EU28 83.3

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip. 64.6Semi-manufactures 24.1Chemicals 15.9Miscellaneousmanufacturedgoods 15.7Totalincl.others 141.4

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 29.9Poland 9.0China 8.3

Slovakia 6.5EU28 77.3

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 128.2Visibleimportsfob -120.5Tradebalance 7.6Invisiblesinflows 30.2Invisiblesoutflows -37.4Nettransfers 0.0Currentaccountbalance 0.5–as%ofGDP 0.2Capitalbalance 11.3Overallbalance 14.3Changeinreserves 10.0LevelofreservesendDec. 64.5No.monthsofimportcover 4.9Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.3Foreigndebt 126.3–as%ofGDP 68.2–as%oftotalexports 77.1Debtserviceratio 10.0

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.6Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 6.8Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP …Enrolment,%:primary 99

secondary 104tertiary 65

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 4.4Av.no.perhousehold 2.3Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.3Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.5Religion,%ofpop. Non-religious 76.4Christian 23.3Other 0.2Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Muslim <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 62Carsper1,000pop. 461ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 24.5satellite 27.0

Telephonelinesper100pop. 17.6Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 123.2Broadbandsubsper100pop. 27.3Internetusers,%ofpop. 81.3

DENMARKArea,sqkm 42,262Arableas%oftotalland 57.5Capital CopenhagenCurrency Danishkrone(DKr)

PeoplePopulation,m 5.7Pop.persqkm 134.9Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.4Pop.aged0–24,% 30.0Pop.aged70andover,% 12.3No.ofmenper100women 98.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 92.5Lifeexpectancy:men 78.9yrs

women 82.3yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.7Urbanpopulation,2020,% 88.5

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 10.7Crudedeathrate 9.6

TheeconomyGDP $301bnGDP DKr2,027bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 0.6%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 23manufacturing 15Services 76GDPperhead $52,861GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

83.7

Economicfreedomindex 75.1

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 47Publicconsumption 26Investment 20Exports 55Imports -48

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 2.5Industry 19.2Services 78.0

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 6.2Av.ann.rate2005–15 5.8

Av.ann.rate2005–15 5.8

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 13.1Totalconsumption 18.0Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,873Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 1

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.4%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.1%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 -0.49%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 7.6%Broadmoney 4.0%

Exchangeratesend2016

DKrper$ 7.05DKrpersdr 9.48DKrper€ 7.42

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 98.41–real 95.59

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip. 25.1Chemicals&relatedproducts 19.0Food,drink&tobacco 17.3Mineralfuels&lubricants 5.7Totalincl.others 94.6

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 18.1Sweden 11.7UnitedStates 8.5UnitedKingdom 6.4EU28 61.3

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip. 27.9Food,drink&tobacco 11.7Chemicals&relatedproducts 10.7Mineralfuels&lubricants 5.6Totalincl.others 85.3

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 20.5Sweden 12.3Netherlands 8.2

China 7.3EU28 69.5

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 102.6Visibleimportsfob -87.5Tradebalance 15.1Invisiblesinflows 93.0Invisiblesoutflows -75.6Nettransfers -4.8Currentaccountbalance 27.6–as%ofGDP 9.2Capitalbalance -24.7Overallbalance -3.1Changeinreserves -10.2LevelofreservesendDec. 65.2No.monthsofimportcover 4.8Officialgoldholdings,moz 2.1Aidgiven 2.6–as%ofGDP 0.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 10.8Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.5Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 3.5Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 8.6Enrolment,%:primary 101

Enrolment,%:primary 101secondary 130tertiary 82

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 2.4Av.no.perhousehold 2.4Marriagesper1,000pop. 5.0Divorcesper1,000pop. 3.4Religion,%ofpop. Christian 83.5Non-religious 11.8Muslim 4.1Hindu 0.4Other 0.2Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 100Carsper1,000pop. 417ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 65.3satellite 11.8

Telephonelinesper100pop. 29.9Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 128.3Broadbandsubsper100pop. 42.5Internetusers,%ofpop. 96.3

EGYPTArea,sqkm 1,001,000Arableas%oftotalland 2.7Capital CairoCurrency Egyptianpound(£E)

PeoplePopulation,m 91.5Pop.persqkm 91.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.9Pop.aged0–24,% 50.5Pop.aged70andover,% 3.0No.ofmenper100women 102.1HumanDevelopmentIndex 69.1Lifeexpectancy:men 69.6yrs

women 74.1yrsAdultliteracy 75.8Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 43.8

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 25.1Crudedeathrate 5.9

TheeconomyGDP $332bnGDP £E2,444bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.5%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 11Industry,ofwhich: 36manufacturing 17Services 52GDPperhead $3,629GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

20.9

Economicfreedomindex 52.6

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 82Publicconsumption 12Investment 14Exports 13Imports -22

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 25.8Industry 25.1Services 49.1

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 12.8Av.ann.rate2005–15 11.0

Av.ann.rate2005–15 11.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 81.7Totalconsumption 89.6Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 835Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -7

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 10.2%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 9.7%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 19.03%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 19.6%Broadmoney 20.7%

Exchangeratesend2016

£Eper$ 18.13£Epersdr 24.37£Eper€ 19.08

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal …–real …

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Petroleum&products 8.9Finishedgoodsincl.textiles 2.0Chemicals 1.9Food 1.8Totalincl.others 19.0

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

SaudiArabia 9.1Italy 7.5Turkey 5.8UnitedArabEmirates 5.1

Principalimports$bncif

Petroleum&products 12.4Machinery&equip. 6.9Vehicles 5.9Chemicals 5.6Totalincl.others 57.6

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 13.0Germany 7.7UnitedStates 5.9Turkey 4.5

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 19.0Visibleimportsfob -50.1Tradebalance -31.0Invisiblesinflows 18.8Invisiblesoutflows -22.8Nettransfers 18.2Currentaccountbalance -16.8–as%ofGDP -5.1Capitalbalance 21.1Overallbalance -0.4Changeinreserves 0.9LevelofreservesendDec. 15.9No.monthsofimportcover 2.6Officialgoldholdings,moz 2.4Foreigndebt 46.6–as%ofGDP 15.9–as%oftotalexports 82.9Debtserviceratio 8.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 5.6Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.8Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.5Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.4Educationspending,%ofGDP …Enrolment,%:primary 104

Enrolment,%:primary 104secondary 86tertiary 36

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 23.4Av.no.perhousehold 3.9Marriagesper1,000pop. 11.0Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.1Religion,%ofpop. Muslim 94.9Christian 5.1Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Non-religious <0.1Other <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 59Carsper1,000pop. 47ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable …satellite 71.6

Telephonelinesper100pop. 7.4Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 111.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 4.5Internetusers,%ofpop. 37.8

FINLANDArea,sqkm 303,890Arableas%oftotalland 7.3Capital HelsinkiCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 5.5Pop.persqkm 18.1Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.3Pop.aged0–24,% 28.2Pop.aged70andover,% 13.1No.ofmenper100women 96.9HumanDevelopmentIndex 89.5Lifeexpectancy:men 78.8yrs

women 84.1yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 84.9

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 10.7Crudedeathrate 9.9

TheeconomyGDP $232bnGDP €210bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 0.0%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 27manufacturing 17Services 71GDPperhead $42,269GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

73.1

Economicfreedomindex 74.0

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 55Publicconsumption 24Investment 21Exports 37Imports -37

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 4.2Industry 21.6Services 73.8

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 9.4Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.0

Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 5.8Totalconsumption 29.0Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 6,213Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 46

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.4%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.6%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 -0.32%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 99.71–real 96.37

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip. 19.0Chemicals&relatedproducts 6.3Rawmaterials 5.3Mineralfuels&lubricants 4.3Totalincl.others 59.7

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 13.9Sweden 10.1UnitedStates 7.0Netherlands 6.6EU28 58.9

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip. 20.6Mineralfuels&lubricants 8.6Chemicals&relatedproducts 7.7Food,drink&tobacco 4.8Totalincl.others 57.5

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 17.8Sweden 16.9Russia 11.5Netherlands 9.5EU28 73.0

EU28 73.0

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 59.6Visibleimportsfob -57.5Tradebalance 2.2Invisiblesinflows 42.1Invisiblesoutflows -43.1Nettransfers -2.6Currentaccountbalance -1.4–as%ofGDP -0.6Capitalbalance 2.4Overallbalance -0.2Changeinreserves -0.7LevelofreservesendDec. 10.0No.monthsofimportcover 1.2Officialgoldholdings,moz 1.6Aidgiven 1.3–as%ofGDP 0.6

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 9.7Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 5.5Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 7.2Enrolment,%:primary 102

secondary 149tertiary 87

tertiary 87

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 2.6Av.no.perhousehold 2.1Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.5Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.5Religion,%ofpop. Christian 81.6Non-religious 17.6Muslim 0.8Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Other <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 92Carsper1,000pop. 592ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 68.5satellite 11.1

Telephonelinesper100pop. 9.8Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 135.4Broadbandsubsper100pop. 31.7Internetusers,%ofpop. 92.7

FRANCEArea,sqkm 549,000Arableas%oftotalland 33.5Capital ParisCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 64.4Pop.persqkm 117.3Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.4Pop.aged0–24,% 30.1Pop.aged70andover,% 13.2No.ofmenper100women 94.8HumanDevelopmentIndex 89.7Lifeexpectancy:men 80.0yrs

women 85.6yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.1Urbanpopulation,2020,% 80.6

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 11.9Crudedeathrate 9.1

TheeconomyGDP $2,420bnGDP €2,181bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 0.9%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 20manufacturing 11Services 79GDPperhead $37,580GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

73.9

Economicfreedomindex 63.3

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 55Publicconsumption 24Investment 22Exports 30Imports -31

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 2.7Industry 20.1Services 75.9

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 10.4Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.3

Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.3

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 109.4Totalconsumption 254.2Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,661Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 43

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.3%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.1%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 -0.85%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 96.57–real 92.80

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip. 197.8Chemicals&relatedproducts 93.9Food,drinkandtobacco 60.9Mineralfuels&lubricants 16.3Totalincl.others 505.4

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 15.8Spain 7.3UnitedStates 7.2Italy 7.1EU28 58.8

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip. 204.6Chemicals&relatedproducts 79.9Mineralfuels&lubricants 59.7Food,drinkandtobacco 51.0Totalincl.others 555.5

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 20.1Belgium 11.2Italy 7.9Netherlands 7.8EU28 68.5

EU28 68.5

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 510.8Visibleimportsfob -537.5Tradebalance -26.7Invisiblesinflows 419.8Invisiblesoutflows -352.2Nettransfers -45.7Currentaccountbalance -4.9–as%ofGDP -0.2Capitalbalance 18.6Overallbalance 8.0Changeinreserves -5.8LevelofreservesendDec. 138.2No.monthsofimportcover 1.9Officialgoldholdings,moz 78.3Aidgiven 9.0–as%ofGDP 0.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 11.5Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.2Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 6.4Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.5Enrolment,%:primary 105

secondary 111tertiary 64

tertiary 64

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 29.3Av.no.perhousehold 2.2Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.7Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.9Religion,%ofpop. Christian 63.0Non-religious 28.0Muslim 7.5Other 1.0Jewish 0.5Hindu <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 107Carsper1,000pop. 492ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 13.1satellite 34.1

Telephonelinesper100pop. 59.9Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 102.6Broadbandsubsper100pop. 41.3Internetusers,%ofpop. 84.7

GERMANYArea,sqkm 357,000Arableas%oftotalland 34.1Capital BerlinCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 80.7Pop.persqkm 226.1Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% -0.1Pop.aged0–24,% 23.3Pop.aged70andover,% 16.1No.ofmenper100women 96.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 92.6Lifeexpectancy:men 79.3yrs

women 83.8yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 76.4

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 8.7Crudedeathrate 11.3

TheeconomyGDP $3,365bnGDP €3,033bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.6%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 30manufacturing 23Services 69GDPperhead $41,701GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

85.3

Economicfreedomindex 73.8

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 54Publicconsumption 19Investment 19Exports 47Imports -39

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 1.4Industry 27.7Services 70.9

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 4.6Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.1

Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.1

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 72.7Totalconsumption 321.8Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,779Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 61

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.4%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.2%Depositrate,Dec.2016 0.23%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 98.05–real 94.33

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip. 658.6Chemicals&relatedproducts 210.8Food,drinkandtobacco 71.3Mineralfuels&lubricants 32.3Totalincl.others 1,320.7

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 9.6France 8.6UnitedKingdom 7.5Netherlands 6.7EU28 57.9

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip. 387.5Chemicals&relatedproducts 145.2Mineralfuels&lubricants 98.6Food,drinkandtobacco 79.4Totalincl.others 1,051.6

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Netherlands 13.6France 7.6China 7.3Belgium 6.0EU28 65.6

EU28 65.6

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 1,305.7Visibleimportsfob -1,017.8Tradebalance 287.9Invisiblesinflows 480.5Invisiblesoutflows -444.4Nettransfers -44.0Currentaccountbalance 280.0–as%ofGDP 8.3Capitalbalance -252.2Overallbalance -2.4Changeinreserves -19.8LevelofreservesendDec. 173.7No.monthsofimportcover 1.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 108.7Aidgiven 17.9–as%ofGDP 0.5

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 11.3Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 8.2Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.9Enrolment,%:primary 105

secondary 103tertiary 68

tertiary 68

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 41.6Av.no.perhousehold 1.9Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.8Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.1Religion,%ofpop. Christian 68.7Non-religious 24.7Muslim 5.8Other 0.5Jewish 0.3Hindu <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 77Carsper1,000pop. 537ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 46.0satellite 45.1

Telephonelinesper100pop. 54.9Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 116.7Broadbandsubsper100pop. 37.2Internetusers,%ofpop. 87.6

GREECEArea,sqkm 128,900Arableas%oftotalland 20.2Capital AthensCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 11.0Pop.persqkm 85.3Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% -0.2Pop.aged0–24,% 24.8Pop.aged70andover,% 15.4No.ofmenper100women 95.3HumanDevelopmentIndex 86.6Lifeexpectancy:men 78.8

women 84.3Adultliteracy 95.3Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 79.5

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 8.0Crudedeathrate 11.3

TheeconomyGDP $195bnGDP €176bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 -3.9%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 4Industry,ofwhich: 16manufacturing 9Services 80GDPperhead $17,723GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

46.3

Economicfreedomindex 55.0

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 70Publicconsumption 20Investment 10Exports 32Imports -32

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 12.9Industry 14.9Services 72.2

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 24.9Av.ann.rate2005–15 16.2

Av.ann.rate2005–15 16.2

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 5.9Totalconsumption 26.3Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,124Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 62

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 -0.1%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 1.8%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 -0.08%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 98.42–real 89.30

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Mineralfuels&lubricants 8.4Food,drinkandtobacco 5.1Chemicals&relatedproducts 3.0Machinery&transportequip. 2.9Totalincl.others 28.7

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Italy 11.3Germany 7.3Turkey 6.6Cyprus 6.0EU28 54.2

Principalimports$bncif

Mineralfuels&lubricants 12.6Machinery&transportequip. 9.7Chemicals&relatedproducts 7.6Food,drinkandtobacco 6.3Totalincl.others 48.4

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 10.8Italy 8.3Russia 7.8Iraq 6.9EU28 52.9

EU28 52.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 27.5Visibleimportsfob -46.6Tradebalance -19.1Invisiblesinflows 39.3Invisiblesoutflows -19.4Nettransfers -0.6Currentaccountbalance 0.2–as%ofGDP 0.1Capitalbalance 9.1Overallbalance 10.6Changeinreserves -0.2LevelofreservesendDec. 6.0No.monthsofimportcover 1.1Officialgoldholdings,moz 3.6Aidgiven 0.2–as%ofGDP 0.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 8.1Doctorsper1,000pop. 6.2Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. …Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP …Enrolment,%:primary 98

secondary 107tertiary 114

tertiary 114

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 4.4Av.no.perhousehold 2.5Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.9Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.5Religion,%ofpop. Christian 88.1Non-religious 6.1Muslim 5.3Other 0.3Hindu 0.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 63Carsper1,000pop. 460ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 0.9satellite 13.5

Telephonelinesper100pop. 47.3Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 113.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 30.9Internetusers,%ofpop. 66.8

HONGKONGArea,sqkm 1,050Arableas%oftotalland 3.0Capital VictoriaCurrency HongKongdollar(HK$)

PeoplePopulation,m 7.3Pop.persqkm 6,952.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.7Pop.aged0–24,% 23.2Pop.aged70andover,% 10.2No.ofmenper100women 88.5HumanDevelopmentIndex 91.7Lifeexpectancy:men 81.7

women 87.4Adultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.2Urbanpopulation,2020,% 100.0

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 9.8Crudedeathrate 6.6

TheeconomyGDP $309bnGDP HK$2,398bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.9%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 0Industry,ofwhich: 7manufacturing 1Services 92GDPperhead $42,384GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

101.7

Economicfreedomindex 89.8

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 66Publicconsumption 10Investment 22Exports 202Imports -199

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture …Industry 11.4Services 79.4

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 3.3Av.ann.rate2005–15 4.0

Av.ann.rate2005–15 4.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput …Totalconsumption 29.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 1,967Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 99

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.5%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 5.5%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 0.67%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 14.5%Broadmoney 9.2%

Exchangeratesend2016

HK$per$ 7.75HK$persdr 10.42HK$per€ 8.15

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 109.39–real …

Trade

Principalexportsa

$bnfobCapitalgoods 192.2Semi-finishedgoods 159.8Consumergoods 100.7Foodstuffs 6.3Totalincl.others 465.5

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 53.7UnitedStates 9.5Japan 3.4India 2.8

Principalimportsa

$bncifCapitalgoods&rawmaterials 193.7Rawmaterials&semi-manufactures 182.9Consumergoods 111.6Foodstuffs 22.3Totalincl.others 522.6

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 49.0Taiwan 6.8Japan 6.4Singapore 6.1

Singapore 6.1

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 501.7Visibleimportsfob -524.6Tradebalance -22.9Invisiblesinflows 268.8Invisiblesoutflows -232.8Nettransfers -2.9Currentaccountbalance 10.3–as%ofGDP 3.3Capitalbalance 19.8Overallbalance 36.4Changeinreserves 30.3LevelofreservesendDec. 358.8No.monthsofimportcover 5.7Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.1Foreigndebt 491.9–as%ofGDP 159.0–as%oftotalexports 63.7Debtserviceratio 6.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP …Doctorsper1,000pop. …Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. …Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. …Educationspending,%ofGDP 3.3Enrolment,%:primary 111

Enrolment,%:primary 111secondary 101tertiary 68

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 2.4Av.no.perhousehold 3.0Marriagesper1,000pop. 7.8Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Non-religious 56.1Christian 14.3Other 14.2Buddhist 13.2Muslim 1.8Hindu 0.4

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 114Carsper1,000pop. 70ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 94.4satellite 0.1

Telephonelinesper100pop. 59.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 228.7Broadbandsubsper100pop. 32.1Internetusers,%ofpop. 84.9

aIncludingre-exports.Note:HongKongbecameaSpecialAdministrativeRegionofChinaonJuly11997.

HUNGARYArea,sqkm 90,530Arableas%oftotalland 48.6Capital BudapestCurrency Forint(Ft)

PeoplePopulation,m 9.9Pop.persqkm 109.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% -0.4Pop.aged0–24,% 25.4Pop.aged70andover,% 12.4No.ofmenper100women 90.8HumanDevelopmentIndex 83.6Lifeexpectancy:men 71.9yrs

women 79.1yrsAdultliteracy 99.4Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 73.4

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 9.4Crudedeathrate 13.5

TheeconomyGDP $122bnGDP Ft33,999bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.7%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 4Industry,ofwhich: 32manufacturing 25Services 64GDPperhead $12,289GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

47.1

Economicfreedomindex 65.8

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 49Publicconsumption 20Investment 22Exports 91Imports -82

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 4.9Industry 30.3Services 64.7

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 6.8Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.9

Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.9

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 7.7Totalconsumption 23.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,314Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 56

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.4%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.7%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 0.16%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 17.3%Broadmoney 4.0%

Exchangeratesend2016

Ftper$ 293.69Ftpersdr 394.82Ftper€ 309.04

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 87.96–real 89.68

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&equipment 57.4Manufacturedgoods 31.2Food,drink&tobacco 7.3Rawmaterials 2.3Totalincl.others 100.3

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 27.5Romania 5.4Slovakia 5.0Austria 4.9EU28 81.3

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&equipment 45.0Manufacturedgoods 32.4Fuels&energy 7.4Food,drink&tobacco 4.7Totalincl.others 90.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 26.4Austria 6.7China 6.3

Poland 5.5EU28 76.6

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 88.3Visibleimportsfob -83.4Tradebalance 4.9Invisiblesinflows 34.0Invisiblesoutflows -33.7Nettransfers -1.2Currentaccountbalance 4.0–as%ofGDP 3.3Capitalbalance -7.2Overallbalance -5.4Changeinreserves -8.9LevelofreservesendDec. 33.1No.monthsofimportcover 3.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.1Foreigndebt 127.4–as%ofGDP 104.8–as%oftotalexports 104.1Debtserviceratio 25.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.1Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 7.2Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.2Enrolment,%:primary 102

secondary 105tertiary 51

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 4.2Av.no.perhousehold 2.4Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.9Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.0Religion,%ofpop. Christian 81.0Non-religious 18.6Other 0.2Jewish 0.1Hindu <0.1Muslim <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 56Carsper1,000pop. 314ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 56.4satellite 28.5

Telephonelinesper100pop. 31.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 118.9Broadbandsubsper100pop. 27.4Internetusers,%ofpop. 72.8

INDIAArea,sqkm 3,287,000Arableas%oftotalland 52.6Capital NewDelhiCurrency Indianrupee(Rs)

PeoplePopulation,m 1,311.1Pop.persqkm 398.9Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.2Pop.aged0–24,% 47.2Pop.aged70andover,% 3.4No.ofmenper100women 107.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 62.4Lifeexpectancy:men 67.7yrs

women 70.6yrsAdultliteracy 72.2Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.5Urbanpopulation,2020,% 34.8

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 19.1Crudedeathrate 7.3

TheeconomyGDP $2,088bnGDP Rs136trn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 6.7%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 17Industry,ofwhich: 30manufacturing 17Services 53GDPperhead $1,593GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

10.9

Economicfreedomindex 52.6

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 59Publicconsumption 10Investment 33Exports 20Imports -22

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 49.7Industry 21.5Services 28.7

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 3.5Av.ann.rate2005–15 3.8

Av.ann.rate2005–15 3.8

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 354.6Totalconsumption 622.5Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 637Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 34

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 5.5%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 8.4%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 6.00%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 3.3%Broadmoney 10.8%

Exchangeratesend2016

Rsper$ 67.95Rspersdr 91.35Rsper€ 71.50

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal …–real …

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Engineeringproducts 60.6Gems&jewellery 39.5Petroleum&products 30.4Agriculturalproducts 26.4Totalincl.others 262.0

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 15.4UnitedArabEmirates 11.6HongKong 4.7China 3.7

Principalimports$bncif

Petroleum&products 82.9Electronicgoods 40.0Gold&silver 35.3Machinery 29.5Totalincl.others 380.4

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 16.2SaudiArabia 5.6Switzerland 5.5UnitedStates 5.4

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 272.4Visibleimportsfob -409.2Tradebalance -136.9Invisiblesinflows 170.8Invisiblesoutflows -120.5Nettransfers 64.2Currentaccountbalance -22.5–as%ofGDP -1.1Capitalbalance 67.7Overallbalance 44.1Changeinreserves 28.2LevelofreservesendDec. 353.3No.monthsofimportcover 8.0Officialgoldholdings,moz 17.9Foreigndebt 479.6–as%ofGDP 23.0–as%oftotalexports 93.7Debtserviceratio 9.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 4.7Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.7Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.7Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 94.1Educationspending,%ofGDP 3.8Enrolment,%:primary 108

Enrolment,%:primary 108secondary 74tertiary 26

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 268.6Av.no.perhousehold 4.9Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Hindu 79.5Muslim 14.4Other 3.6Christian 2.5Jewish <0.1Non-religious <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 47Carsper1,000pop. 17ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 62.5satellite 17.1

Telephonelinesper100pop. 2.0Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 78.1Broadbandsubsper100pop. 1.3Internetusers,%ofpop. 26.0

INDONESIAArea,sqkm 1,911,000Arableas%oftotalland 13.0Capital JakartaCurrency Rupiah(Rp)

PeoplePopulation,m 257.6Pop.persqkm 134.8Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.1Pop.aged0–24,% 44.8Pop.aged70andover,% 3.1No.ofmenper100women 101.4HumanDevelopmentIndex 68.9Lifeexpectancy:men 67.4yrs

women 71.7yrsAdultliteracy 95.4Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.2Urbanpopulation,2020,% 57.2

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 18.5Crudedeathrate 7.2

TheeconomyGDP $861bnGDP Rs11,531trn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 5.5%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 14Industry,ofwhich: 40manufacturing 21Services 46GDPperhead $3,343GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

19.7

Economicfreedomindex 61.9

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 55Publicconsumption 10Investment 35Exports 21Imports -21

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 32.9Industry 22.2Services 44.9

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 6.0Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.8

Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.8

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 380.2Totalconsumption 184.6Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 886Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -103

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 3.7%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 7.0%Moneymarketrate,Nov.2016 4.17%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 11.4%Broadmoney 11.7%

Exchangeratesend2016

Rpper$ 13,436Rppersdr 18,062Rpper€ 14,138

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal …–real …

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Manufacturedgoods 106.2Mining&othersectorproducts 34.4Agriculturalgoods 5.8Unclassifiedexports 1.3Totalincl.others 150.4

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Japan 12.0UnitedStates 10.8China 10.0Singapore 8.4

Principalimports$bncif

Rawmaterials&auxiliarymaterials 98.0Capitalgoods 24.9Consumergoods 18.5Totalincl.others 142.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 20.6Singapore 12.6Japan 9.3Malaysia 6.0

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 149.1Visibleimportsfob -135.1Tradebalance 14.0Invisiblesinflows 25.0Invisiblesoutflows -62.1Nettransfers 5.5Currentaccountbalance -17.5–as%ofGDP -2.0Capitalbalance 16.9Overallbalance -1.1Changeinreserves -5.9LevelofreservesendDec. 105.9No.monthsofimportcover 6.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 2.5Foreigndebt 308.5–as%ofGDP 35.8–as%oftotalexports 167.8Debtserviceratio 30.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 2.8Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.2Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.9Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 87.4Educationspending,%ofGDP 3.3Enrolment,%:primary 106

secondary 82tertiary 31

tertiary 31

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 65.3Av.no.perhousehold 3.9Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Muslim 87.2Christian 9.9Hindu 1.7Other 1.1Jewish <0.1Non-religious <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 66Carsper1,000pop. 50ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 6.0satellite 25.5

Telephonelinesper100pop. 8.8Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 132.3Broadbandsubsper100pop. 1.1Internetusers,%ofpop. 22.0

IRANArea,sqkm 1,745,000Arableas%oftotalland 9.0Capital TehranCurrency Rial(IR)

PeoplePopulation,m 79.1Pop.persqkm 45.3Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.1Pop.aged0–24,% 39.5Pop.aged70andover,% 3.2No.ofmenper100women 101.4HumanDevelopmentIndex 77.4Lifeexpectancy:men 74.7yrs

women 77.1yrsAdultliteracy 87.2Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 75.7

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 15.6Crudedeathrate 4.6

TheeconomyGDP $374bnGDP IR11,096trn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 -0.1%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 11Industry,ofwhich: 33manufacturing …Services 56GDPperhead $4,732GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

30.4

Economicfreedomindex 50.5

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 50Publicconsumption 12Investment 36Exports 20Imports -19

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 18.0Industry 32.5Services 49.4

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 11.1Av.ann.rate2005–15 11.5

Av.ann.rate2005–15 11.5

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 334.0Totalconsumption 264.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,034Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -33

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 7.4%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 20.6%Depositrate,Dec.2016 12.90%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 14.9%Broadmoney 29.5%

Exchangeratesend2016

IRper$ 32,376IRpersdr 43,524IRper€ 34,067

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 39.56–real 109.43

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Oil&gas 33.6

Petrochemicalsa 9.8

Fresh&dryfruitsa 1.5

Carpetsa 0.4

Totalincl.others 64.6

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 38.1India 14.8Turkey 14.5Japan 7.7

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.a 14.1

Intermediategoodsa 8.2

Chemicalsa 6.2

Totalincl.others 52.4

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

UnitedArabEmirates 27.6China 15.4Turkey 6.2SouthKorea 4.9

Balanceofpaymentsb,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 64.6Visibleimportsfob -52.4Tradebalance 12.2Invisiblesinflows 12.3Invisiblesoutflows -16.0Nettransfers 0.5Currentaccountbalance 9.0–as%ofGDP 2.4Capitalbalance -2.5Overallbalance 2.2Changeinreserves …LevelofreservesendDec. …No.monthsofimportcover …Officialgoldholdings,moz …Foreigndebt 6.3–as%ofGDP 1.5–as%oftotalexports 8.1Debtserviceratio 1.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 6.9Doctorsper1,000pop. …Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.1Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 96.2Educationspending,%ofGDP 2.9Enrolment,%:primary 109

secondary 89

secondary 89tertiary 72

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 24.3Av.no.perhousehold 3.3Marriagesper1,000pop. 9.3Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.1Religion,%ofpop. Muslim 99.5Christian 0.2Other 0.2Non-religious 0.1Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 50Carsper1,000pop. 153ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable …satellite 37.0

Telephonelinesper100pop. 38.3Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 93.4Broadbandsubsper100pop. 10.9Internetusers,%ofpop. 45.3

aEstimate.bIranianyearendingMarch19th2016.

IRELANDArea,sqkm 69,797Arableas%oftotalland 15.4Capital DublinCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 4.7Pop.persqkm 67.3Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.8Pop.aged0–24,% 32.9Pop.aged70andover,% 8.6No.ofmenper100women 99.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 92.3Lifeexpectancy:men 79.5yrs

women 83.5yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.0Urbanpopulation,2020,% 64.8

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 13.3Crudedeathrate 6.6

TheeconomyGDP $283bnGDP €256bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 6.5%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 42manufacturing 37Services 57GDPperhead $60,303GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

115.7

Economicfreedomindex 76.7

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 34Publicconsumption 13Investment 22Exports 124Imports -92

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 5.6Industry 19.0Services 75.0

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 9.4Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.9

Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.9

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 0.1Totalconsumption 14.1Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,766Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 84

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.3%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 2.8%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 -0.37%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 93.23–real 88.06

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Chemicals&relatedproducts 71.2Machinery&transportequip. 18.4Food,drinkandtobacco 12.3Rawmaterials 2.0Totalincl.others 124.7

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 23.8UnitedKingdom 13.6Belgium 12.9Germany 6.5EU28 53.1

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip. 30.2Chemicals&relatedproducts 15.3Food,drinkandtobacco 8.4Mineralfuels&lubricants 5.7Totalincl.others 77.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

UnitedKingdom 31.2UnitedStates 14.5France 11.0Germany 9.0EU28 66.1

EU28 66.1

Balanceofpaymentsb,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 216.9Visibleimportsfob -94.3Tradebalance 122.6Invisiblesinflows 203.2Invisiblesoutflows -293.3Nettransfers -3.5Currentaccountbalance 29.0–as%ofGDP 10.2Capitalbalance -14.9Overallbalance 11.8Changeinreserves 0.5LevelofreservesendDec. 2.2No.monthsofimportcover 0.1Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.2Aidgiven 0.7–as%ofGDP 0.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.8Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.7Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.9Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 97.9Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.3Enrolment,%:primary 102

secondary 127tertiary 78

tertiary 78

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 1.7Av.no.perhousehold 2.8Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.8Divorcesper1,000pop. 0.6Religion,%ofpop. Christian 92.0Non-religious 6.2Muslim 1.1Other 0.4Hindu 0.2Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 88Carsper1,000pop. 411ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 31.7satellite 47.6

Telephonelinesper100pop. 40.9Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 103.7Broadbandsubsper100pop. 27.7Internetusers,%ofpop. 80.1

ISRAELArea,sqkm 22,072Arableas%oftotalland 13.9Capital Jerusalema

Currency NewShekel(NIS)

PeoplePopulation,m 8.1Pop.persqkm 367.0Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.6Pop.aged0–24,% 42.7Pop.aged70andover,% 7.4No.ofmenper100women 98.4HumanDevelopmentIndex 89.9Lifeexpectancy:men 81.3yrs

women 84.6yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.7Urbanpopulation,2020,% 52.7

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 19.6Crudedeathrate 5.2

TheeconomyGDP $299bnGDP NIS1,164bn

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 3.5%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 27manufacturing 20Services 69GDPperhead $36,965GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

62.8

Economicfreedomindex 69.7

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 55Publicconsumption 22Investment 20Exports 31Imports -28

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 1.0Industry 17.4Services 79.8

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.3Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.0

Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 7.2Totalconsumption 23.2Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,763Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 67

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 -0.6%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 2.9%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 0.15%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 22.9%Broadmoney 9.2%

Exchangeratesend2016

NISper$ 3.85NISpersdr 5.17NISper€ 4.05

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 115.8–real 107.3

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Chemicals&chemicalproducts 14.0Communications,medical&scientificequipment

8.2

Polisheddiamonds 7.2Electroniccomponents&computers 7.1Totalincl.others 53.5

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 33.9HongKong 9.9UnitedKingdom 7.5China 6.1

Principalimports$bncif

Fuel 7.4Diamonds 6.3Machinery&equipment 5.7Chemicals 4.6Totalincl.others 61.3

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

UnitedStates 13.2China 9.4Switzerland 7.2Germany 6.2

Germany 6.2

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 56.3Visibleimportsfob -59.7Tradebalance -3.4Invisiblesinflows 45.1Invisiblesoutflows -37.1Nettransfers 9.0Currentaccountbalance 13.6–as%ofGDP 4.6Capitalbalance -6.4Overallbalance 7.3Changeinreserves 4.5LevelofreservesendDec. 90.6No.monthsofimportcover 11.2Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Foreigndebt 89.1–as%ofGDP 29.8–as%oftotalexports 87.0Debtserviceratio 16.8

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.8Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.3Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 3.3Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.9

Enrolment,%:primary 104secondary 102tertiary 66

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 2.3Av.no.perhousehold 3.5Marriagesper1,000pop. 6.5Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.8Religion,%ofpop. Jewish 75.6Muslim 18.6Non-religious 3.1Christian 2.0Other 0.6Hindu <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 99Carsper1,000pop. 317ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 77.8satellite 19.2

Telephonelinesper100pop. 43.1Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 133.5Broadbandsubsper100pop. 27.4Internetusers,%ofpop. 77.4

aSovereigntyoverthecityisdisputed.

ITALYArea,sqkm 301,000Arableas%oftotalland 22.9Capital RomeCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 59.8Pop.persqkm 198.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.0Pop.aged0–24,% 23.3Pop.aged70andover,% 16.3No.ofmenper100women 94.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 88.7Lifeexpectancy:men 81.3yrs

women 86.0yrsAdultliteracy 99.0Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 69.8

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 8.3Crudedeathrate 10.2

TheeconomyGDP $1,826bnGDP €1,645bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 -0.7%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 -0.7%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 24manufacturing 16Services 74GDPperhead $30,532GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

65.2

Economicfreedomindex 62.5

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 61Publicconsumption 19Investment 17Exports 30Imports -27

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 3.8Industry 26.6Services 69.7

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 11.9Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.0

Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 12.5Totalconsumption 160.3Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,414Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 75

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 -0.1%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.3%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 -0.27%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 98.10–real 94.92

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip. 166.9Chemicals&relatedproducts 55.9Food,drinkandtobacco 37.1Mineralfuels&lubricants 15.7Totalincl.others 457.0

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 12.3France 10.4France 8.7UnitedKingdom 5.4EU28 54.8

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip. 111.6Chemicals&relatedproducts 65.4Mineralfuels&lubricants 52.3Food,drinkandtobacco 39.3Totalincl.others 410.9

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 15.5UnitedStates 8.7China 7.6Netherlands 5.6EU28 58.7

EU28 58.7

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 449.3Visibleimportsfob -391.4Tradebalance 57.9Invisiblesinflows 157.0Invisiblesoutflows -169.0Nettransfers -16.5Currentaccountbalance 29.3–as%ofGDP 1.6Capitalbalance -24.4Overallbalance 0.6Changeinreserves -12.2LevelofreservesendDec. 130.6No.monthsofimportcover 2.8Officialgoldholdings,moz 78.8Aidgiven 4.0–as%ofGDP 0.2

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 9.2Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.8Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 3.4Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.2Enrolment,%:primary 102

secondary 103tertiary 63

tertiary 63

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 27.3Av.no.perhousehold 2.2Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.1Divorcesper1,000pop. 0.9Religion,%ofpop. Christian 83.3Non-religious 12.4Muslim 3.7Other 0.4

Hindu 0.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 82Carsper1,000pop. 607ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 1.1satellite 29.0

Telephonelinesper100pop. 33.1Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 142.1Broadbandsubsper100pop. 24.4Internetusers,%ofpop. 65.6

IVORYCOASTArea,sqkm 322,463Arableas%oftotalland 9.1Capital YamoussoukroCurrency CFAfranc(CFAfr)

People

Population,m 22.7Pop.persqkm 70.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 2.4Pop.aged0-24,% 62.8Pop.aged70andover,% 1.7No.ofmenper100women 103.5HumanDevelopmentIndex 47.4

Lifeexpectancy:men 52.0yrswomen 53.7yrs

Adultliteracy 43.3Fertilityrate(perwoman) 3.5Urbanpopulation,2020,% 57.5

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 36.2Crudedeathrate 12.8

TheeconomyGDP $33bnGDP CFAfr19,368bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 6.2%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 23Industry,ofwhich: 29manufacturing 14Services 49GDPperhead $1,443GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

6.3

Economicfreedomindex 63.0

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 62Publicconsumption 14Investment 21Exports 39Imports -36

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 48.3Industry 6.2

Services 45.5

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 9.3Av.ann.rate2005-15 9.3

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 3.7Totalconsumption 4.1Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 626Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 7

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 1.0%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 3.4%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 4.87%

av.ann.increase2011-16Narrowmoney(M1) 12.7%Broadmoney 12.1%

Exchangerates end2016

CFAfrper$ 622.29CFAfrpersdr 856.56

CFAfrpersdr 856.56CFAfrper€ 654.80

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 100.28-real 96.29

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobCocoabeans&butter 5.1Petroleumproducts 1.9Coffeebeans&products 1.6Gold 0.8Totalincl.others 11.9

Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalNetherlands 12.0UnitedStates 8.1Belgium 6.5France 6.4

Principalimports

$bncifFuels&lubricants 2.1Capitalequip. 2.0Foodstuffs 1.9

Foodstuffs 1.9Rawmaterials&intermediategoods 1.8Totalincl.others 9.8

Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalNigeria 14.8France 13.5China 12.6UnitedStates 4.3

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 11.7Visibleimportsfob -8.6Tradebalance 3.2Invisiblesinflows 1.0Invisiblesoutflows -4.0Nettransfers -0.3Currentaccountbalance -0.2-as%ofGDP -0.6Capitalbalance 0.7Overallbalance 0.4Changeinreserves 0.2LevelofreservesendDec. 4.7No.monthsofimportcover 4.5Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Foreigndebt 10.0as%ofGDP 31.6as%oftotalexports 81.7Debtserviceratio 6.7

Debtserviceratio 6.7

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 5.1Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.1Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. ...Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 81.9Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.7Enrolment,%:primary 94

secondary 44tertiary 9

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 3.7Av.no.perhousehold 6.1Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop. ... Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 59Carsper1,000pop. 20ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable ...satellite ...Telephonelinesper100pop. 1.3Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 119.3Broadbandsubsper100pop. 0.5Internetusers,%ofpop. 21.0

JAPANArea,sqkm 377,930Arableas%oftotalland 11.6Capital TokyoCurrency Yen(¥)

PeoplePopulation,m 126.6Pop.persqkm 335.0Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% -0.2Pop.aged0-24,% 22.4Pop.aged70andover,% 18.9No.ofmenper100women 94.7HumanDevelopmentIndex 90.3Lifeexpectancy:men 80.8yrs

women 87.3yrsAdultliteracy ...Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 95.3

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 8.1Crudedeathrate 10.9

TheeconomyGDP $4,382bnGDP ¥530trn

GDP ¥530trnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 0.6%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 30manufacturing ...Services 69GDPperhead $34,616GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

72.1

Economicfreedomindex 69.6

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 57Publicconsumption 20Investment 24Exports 18Imports -18

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 3.6Industry 25.5Services 69.4

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 3.4

Unemployed2015 3.4Av.ann.rate2005-15 4.2

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 5.4Totalconsumption 476.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,475Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 94

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 -0.2%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 3.1%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 -0.41%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 4.9%Broadmoney 2.9%

Exchangerates end2016

¥per$ 116.80¥persdr 157.02¥per€ 122.90

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 83.20-real 76.08

-real 76.08

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobCapitalequipment 315.4Industrialsupplies 150.8Consumerdurablegoods 104.5Consumernon-durablegoods 4.6Totalincl.others 624.9

Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalUnitedStates 20.2China 17.5SouthKorea 7.0Taiwan 5.9

Principalimports

$bncifIndustrialsupplies 299.0Capitalequipment 179.1Food&directconsumergoods 58.1Consumerdurablegoods 48.9Totalincl.others 648.1

Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalChina 24.8UnitedStates 10.5

UnitedStates 10.5Australia 5.4SouthKorea 4.1

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 622.0Visibleimportsfob -629.4Tradebalance -7.3Invisiblesinflows 409.3Invisiblesoutflows -251.6Nettransfers -16.3Currentaccountbalance 134.1-as%ofGDP 3.1Capitalbalance -175.7Overallbalance 5.1Changeinreserves -27.6LevelofreservesendDec. 1,233.1No.monthsofimportcover 16.8Officialgoldholdings,moz 24.6Aidgiven 9.2-as%ofGDP 0.2

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 10.2Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.3Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 13.7Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 3.8

Enrolment,%:primary 101secondary 102tertiary 63

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 53.0Av.no.perhousehold 2.4Marriagesper1,000pop. 5.1Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.7Religion,%ofpop.

Non-religious 57.0Buddhist 36.2Other 5.0Christian 1.6Muslim 0.2Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 110Carsper1,000pop. 478ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 52.7satellite 42.3Telephonelinesper100pop. 50.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 126.5Broadbandsubsper100pop. 30.7Internetusers,%ofpop. 91.1

KENYAArea,sqkm 580,000Arableas%oftotalland 10.2Capital NairobiCurrency Kenyanshilling(KSh)

PeoplePopulation,m 46.1Pop.persqkm 79.5Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 2.5Pop.aged0-24,% 61.4Pop.aged70andover,% 1.6No.ofmenper100women 99.9HumanDevelopmentIndex 55.5Lifeexpectancy:men 61.1yrs

women 65.5yrsAdultliteracy 78.0Fertilityrate(perwoman) 3.3Urbanpopulation,2020,% 27.9

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 32.8Crudedeathrate 7.6

TheeconomyGDP $64bnGDP KSh6,224bn

GDP KSh6,224bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 5.5%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 33Industry,ofwhich: 20manufacturing 11Services 48GDPperhead $1,380GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

5.5

Economicfreedomindex 53.5ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 78Publicconsumption 14Investment 21Exports 16Imports -29

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture ...Industry ...Services ...

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 11.3

Unemployed2015 11.3Av.ann.rate2005-15 11.8

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput ...Totalconsumption 6.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 527Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 17

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 6.2%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 8.1%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 8.44%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 16.0%Broadmoney 12.3%

Exchangerates end2016

KShper$ 116.80KShpersdr 157.02KShper€ 122.90

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 83.20-real 76.08

-real 76.08

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobTea 1.3Horticulturalproducts 1.2Coffee 0.4Fishproducts 0.1Totalincl.others 6.5Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalUganda 11.4Tanzania 8.6UnitedStates 7.5Netherlands 7.1Principalimports

$bncifIndustrialsupplies 5.0Machinery&othercapitalequip. 3.2Transportequipment 2.0Food&beverages 1.2Totalincl.others 15.6Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalIndia 20.8China 11.9

China 11.9UnitedArabEmirates 6.8UnitedKingdom 6.7

Balanceofpaymentsa,reservesaanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 6.2Visibleimportsfob -17.6Tradebalance -11.4Invisiblesinflows 5.1Invisiblesoutflows -3.8Nettransfers 3.8Currentaccountbalance -6.3-as%ofGDP -10.0Capitalbalance 6.9Overallbalance 1.4Changeinreserves 1.3LevelofreservesendDec. 7.9No.monthsofimportcover 4.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Foreigndebt 19.1-as%ofGDP 30.2-as%oftotalexports 155.6Debtserviceratio 6.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 5.7Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.2Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.4

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 63.2Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.4Enrolment,%:primary 109

secondary 68tertiary ...

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 10.5Av.no.perhousehold 4.3Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop. Christian 84.8Muslim 9.7Other 3.0Non-religious 2.5Hindu 0.1Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 69Carsper1,000pop. 17ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 2.4satellite 3.4Telephonelinesper100pop. 0.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 80.7Broadbandsubsper100pop. 0.3Internetusers,%ofpop. 45.6

MALAYSIAArea,sqkm 331,000Arableas%oftotalland 2.9Capital KualaLumpurCurrency Malaysiandollar/ringgit(M$)

PeoplePopulation,m 30.3Pop.persqkm 91.5Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 1.3Pop.aged0-24,% 43.2Pop.aged70andover,% 3.4No.ofmenper100women 98.2HumanDevelopmentIndex 78.9Lifeexpectancy:men 73.0yrs

women 77.7yrsAdultliteracy 94.6Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.6Urbanpopulation,2020,% 77.7

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 16.6Crudedeathrate 5.2

TheeconomyGDP $296bnGDP M$1,157bn

GDP M$1,157bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 5.3%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 8Industry,ofwhich: 36manufacturing 23Services 55GDPperhead $9,778GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

48.1

Economicfreedomindex 73.8ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 54Publicconsumption 13Investment 25Exports 71Imports -63

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 12.5Industry 27.5Services 60.0

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 3.1

Unemployed2015 3.1Av.ann.rate2005-15 3.2

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 95.2Totalconsumption 87.0Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,000Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -6

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.1%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 4.1%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 3.12%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 5.6%

Exchangerates end2016

M$per$ 4.49M$perSDR 6.03M$per€ 4.72

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 81.98-real 84.58

-real 84.58

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobMachinery&transportequip. 83.5Mineralfuels 32.9Manufacturedgoods 19.2Chemicals 15.5Totalincl.others 199.2Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalSingapore 14.0China 13.0Japan 9.5UnitedStates 9.5Principalimports

$bncifMachinery&transportequip. 76.1Manufacturedgoods 23.0Mineralfuels 21.7Chemicals 17.9Totalincl.others 176.0Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalChina 18.8Singapore 12.0

Singapore 12.0UnitedStates 8.1Japan 7.8

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 175.7Visibleimportsfob -147.7Tradebalance 28.1Invisiblesinflows 47.3Invisiblesoutflows -60.7Nettransfers -5.6Currentaccountbalance 9.0-as%ofGDP 3.0Capitalbalance -13.6Overallbalance 0.3Changeinreserves -20.7LevelofreservesendDec. 95.3No.monthsofimportcover 5.5Officialgoldholdings,moz 1.2Foreigndebt 191.0-as%ofGDP 64.4-as%oftotalexports 85.0Debtserviceratio 6.0

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 4.2Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.2Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.9

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 98.2Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.0Enrolment,%:primary 102

secondary 78tertiary 26

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 7.3Av.no.perhousehold 4.2Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop. Muslim 63.7Buddhist 17.7Christian 9.4Hindu 6.0Other 2.5Non-religious 0.7Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 61Carsper1,000pop. 365ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 12.7satellite 56.2Telephonelinesper100pop. 14.6Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 143.9Broadbandsubsper100pop. 10.0Internetusers,%ofpop. 71.1

Internetusers,%ofpop. 71.1

MEXICOArea,sqkm 1,964,375Arableas%oftotalland 11.8Capital MexicoCityCurrency Mexicanpeso(PS)

PeoplePopulation,m 127.0Pop.persqkm 64.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 1.2Pop.aged0-24,% 45.9Pop.aged70andover,% 4.3No.ofmenper100women 99.0HumanDevelopmentIndex 76.2Lifeexpectancy:men 75.2yrs

women 79.9yrsAdultliteracy 94.5Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.3Urbanpopulation,2020,% 80.6

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 17.7Crudedeathrate 4.9

TheeconomyGDP $1,151bnGDP PS18,242bn

GDP PS18,242bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 2.8%OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 4Industry,ofwhich: 33manufacturing 18Services 64GDPperhead $9,063GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

31.4

Economicfreedomindex 63.6ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 67Publicconsumption 12Investment 23Exports 35Imports -37

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 13.5Industry 24.9Services 61.1

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 4.3

Unemployed2015 4.3Av.ann.rate2005-15 4.5

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 195.9Totalconsumption 187.9Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 1,499Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -11

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.8%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 5.3%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 5.61%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 13.2%Broadmoney 10.2%

Exchangerates end2016

PSper$ 20.73PSpersdr 27.87PSper€ 21.81

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 66.1-real 73.8

-real 73.8

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobManufacturedgoods 340.0Crudeoil&products 23.2Agriculturalproducts 13.0Miningproducts 4.5Total 380.6Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalUnitedStates 81.2Canada 2.8China 1.3Colombia 1.0Principalimports

$bncifIntermediategoods 297.3Consumergoods 56.3Capitalgoods 41.7Total 395.2Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalUnitedStates 50.1China 18.8Japan 4.7

Japan 4.7SouthKorea 3.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 381.0Visibleimportsfob -395.6Tradebalance -14.5Invisiblesinflows 30.8Invisiblesoutflows -73.9Nettransfers 24.3Currentaccountbalance -33.3-as%ofGDP -2.9Capitalbalance 35.2Overallbalance -15.4Changeinreserves -18.1LevelofreservesendDec. 177.6No.monthsofimportcover 4.5Officialgoldholdings,moz 3.9Foreigndebt 426.3-as%ofGDP 37.0-as%oftotalexports 97.6Debtserviceratio 12.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 6.3Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.1Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.5Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 96.1Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.2

Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.2Enrolment,%:primary 103secondary 91tertiary 30

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 32.8Av.no.perhousehold 3.9Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.8Divorcesper1,000pop. 0.9Religion,%ofpop. Christian 95.1Non-religious 4.7Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Muslim <0.1Other <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 66Carsper1,000pop. 206ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 21.4satellite 23.5Telephonelinesper100pop. 15.9Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 86.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 11.6Internetusers,%ofpop. 57.4

MOROCCOArea,sqkm 447,400Arableas%oftotalland 18.2Capital RabatCurrency Dirham(Dh)

PeoplePopulation,m 34.4Pop.persqkm 76.9Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 1.2Pop.aged0-24,% 44.9Pop.aged70andover,% 4.1No.ofmenper100women 97.7HumanDevelopmentIndex 64.7Lifeexpectancy:men 73.8yrs

women 76.0yrsAdultliteracy 71.7Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 62.6

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 19.1Crudedeathrate 5.7

TheeconomyGDP $101bnGDP Dh982bn

GDP Dh982bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 4.0%OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 14Industry,ofwhich: 29manufacturing 18Services 56GDPperhead $2,924GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

14.2

Economicfreedomindex 61.5ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 58Publicconsumption 19Investment 30Exports 34Imports -42

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 37.2Industry 17.7Services 44.9

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 9.7

Unemployed2015 9.7Av.ann.rate2005-15 9.5

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 0.1Totalconsumption 20.5Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 560Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 91

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 1.3%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 3.3%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 2.25%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 5.1%Broadmoney 4.8%

Exchangerates end2016

Dhper$ 10.10Dhpersdr 13.57Dhper€ 10.63

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 105.62-real 100.95

-real 100.95

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobElectriccables&wires 2.3Clothing&textiles 2.1Fertilisers&chemicals 1.9Phosphoricacid 1.7Totalincl.others 22.4Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalSpain 22.1France 19.7India 4.9UnitedStates 4.3Principalimports

$bncifCapitalgoods 9.6Semi-finishedgoods 8.8Consumergoods 7.2Fuel&lubricants 6.8Totalincl.others 38.2Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalSpain 13.9France 12.4

France 12.4China 8.5UnitedStates 6.5

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 18.6Visibleimportsfob -33.3Tradebalance -14.7Invisiblesinflows 15.2Invisiblesoutflows -10.3Nettransfers 7.6Currentaccountbalance -2.2-as%ofGDP -2.1Capitalbalance 5.8Overallbalance 4.3Changeinreserves 2.5LevelofreservesendDec. 23.0No.monthsofimportcover 6.3Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.7Foreigndebt 43.0-as%ofGDP 42.6-as%oftotalexports 105.6Debtserviceratio 8.7

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 5.9Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.6Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.9Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 85.4

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 85.4Educationspending,%ofGDP ...Enrolment,%:primary 115secondary 69tertiary 28

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 7.5Av.no.perhousehold 4.6Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop.

Muslim 99.9Christian <0.1Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Non-religious <0.1Other <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 57Carsper1,000pop. 72ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable ...satellite 92.0Telephonelinesper100pop. 6.5Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 126.9Broadbandsubsper100pop. 3.4Internetusers,%ofpop. 57.1

Internetusers,%ofpop. 57.1

NETHERLANDSArea,sqkma 37,354

Arableas%oftotalland 31.0Capital AmsterdamCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 16.9Pop.persqkm 452.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 0.3Pop.aged0-24,% 28.4Pop.aged70andover,% 12.0No.ofmenper100women 98.5HumanDevelopmentIndex 92.4Lifeexpectancy:men 80.3yrs

women 83.7yrsAdultliteracy ...Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 92.8

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 10.5Crudedeathrate 8.8

TheeconomyGDP $751bnGDP €677bn

GDP €677bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 0.8%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 20manufacturing 12Services 78GDPperhead $44,420GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

88.7

Economicfreedomindex 75.8

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 45Publicconsumption 25Investment 19Exports 82Imports -72

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 2.1Industry 15.2Services 74.9

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 6.9

Unemployed2015 6.9Av.ann.rate2005-15 5.0

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 58.4Totalconsumption 96.2Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 4,326Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 20

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.1%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 3.5%Depositrate,Dec.2016 1.75%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangerates end2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 97.35-real 96.69

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobMachinery&transportequip. 183.2Chemicals&relatedproducts 95.7Mineralfuels&lubricants 74.3Food,drink&tobacco 73.5Totalincl.others 474.1Mainexportdestinations

% oftotalGermany 29.5Belgium 13.4UnitedKingdom 11.2France 10.1EU28 75.7Principalimports

$bncifMachinery&transportequip. 171.3Mineralfuels&lubricants 82.3Chemicals&relatedproducts 67.5Food,drink&tobacco 50.8Totalincl.others 425.0Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalGermany 17.8China 17.4

China 17.4Belgium 10.0UnitedStates 9.6EU28 45.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 474.1Visibleimportsfob -389.6Tradebalance 84.5Invisiblesinflows 400.2Invisiblesoutflows -406.4Nettransfers -12.2Currentaccountbalance 66.2-as%ofGDP 8.8Capitalbalance -63.2Overallbalance -0.5Changeinreserves -4.8LevelofreservesendDec. 38.2No.monthsofimportcover 0.6Officialgoldholdings,moz 19.7Aidgiven 5.7-as%ofGDP 0.8

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 10.9Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. ...Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.6

Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.6Enrolment,%:primary 104

secondary 132tertiary 79

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 7.7Av.no.perhousehold 2.2Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.9Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.1Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 50.6Non-religious 42.1Muslim 6.0Other 0.6Hindu 0.5Jewish 0.2Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 75Carsper1,000pop. 488ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 69.3satellite 7.2Telephonelinesper100pop. 41.3Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 123.5Broadbandsubsper100pop. 41.7Internetusers,%ofpop. 93.1

NEWZEALANDArea,sqkm 268,107Arableas%oftotalland 2.2Capital WellingtonCurrency NewZealanddollar(NZ$)

PeoplePopulation,m 4.5Pop.persqkm 16.8Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 0.9Pop.aged0-24,% 34.1Pop.aged70andover,% 9.8No.ofmenper100women 95.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 91.5Lifeexpectancy:men 80.8yrs

women 84.0yrsAdultliteracy ...Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.0Urbanpopulation,2020,% 86.5

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 12.9Crudedeathrate 6.9

TheeconomyGDP $173bnGDP NZ$247bn

GDP NZ$247bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 2.5%OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 4Industry,ofwhich: 26manufacturing ...Services 70GDPperhead $38,501GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

66.6

Economicfreedomindex 83.7ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 58Publicconsumption 19Investment 23Exports 28Imports -27

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 6.1Industry 21.9Services 71.5

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 5.4

Unemployed2015 5.4Av.ann.rate2005-15 5.1

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 9.5Totalconsumption 22.5Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 4,560Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 17

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.7%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 3.1%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 1.79%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 8.2%Broadmoney 6.3%

Exchangerates end2016

NZ$per$ 1.44NZ$persdr 1.93NZ$per€ 1.52

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 116.96-real 114.34

-real 114.34

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobDairyproduce 8.1Meat 4.8Forestryproducts 2.5Wool 0.6Totalincl.others 34-4Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalChina 17.5Australia 16.9UnitedStates 11.8Japan 6.0Principalimports

$bncifMachinery&electricalequip. 7.9Transportequipment 6.4Mineralfuels 3.7Totalincl.others 36.6Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalChina 19.5Australia 11.9

Australia 11.9UnitedStates 11.7Japan 6.6

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 34.4Visibleimportsfob -35.8Tradebalance -1.4Invisiblesinflows 19.7Invisiblesoutflows -23.6Nettransfers -0.3Currentaccountbalance -5.5-as%ofGDP -3.2Capitalbalance -1.9Overallbalance -0.5Changeinreserves -1.2LevelofreservesendDec. 14.7No.monthsofimportcover 3.0Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Aidgiven 0.4-as%ofGDP 0.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 11.0Doctorsper1,000pop. ...Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.3Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 6.4Enrolment,%:primary 99

Enrolment,%:primary 99secondary 118tertiary 81

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 1.5Av.no.perhousehold 3.0Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.5Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.8Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 57.0Non-religious 36.6Other 2.8Hindu 2.1Muslim 1.2Jewish 0.2Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 92Carsper1,000pop. 648ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 5.9satellite 40.7Telephonelinesper100pop. 40.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 121.8Broadbandsubsper100pop. 31.6Internetusers,%ofpop. 88.2

NIGERIAArea,sqkm 923,768Arableas%oftotalland 37.3Capital AbujaCurrency Naira(N)

PeoplePopulation,m 182.2Pop.persqkm 197.2Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 2.5Pop.aged0-24,% 63.0Pop.aged70andover,% 1.4No.ofmenper100women 103.8HumanDevelopmentIndex 52.7Lifeexpectancy:men 53.3yrs

women 54.0yrsAdultliteracy 59.6Fertilityrate(perwoman) 5.2Urbanpopulation,2020,% 51.7

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 37.9Crudedeathrate 12.2

TheeconomyGDP $494bnGDP N95,178bn

GDP N95,178bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 4.7%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 21Industry,ofwhich: 20manufacturing 10Services 59GDPperhead $2,710GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

10.7

Economicfreedomindex 57.1

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 78Publicconsumption 7Investment 15Exports 11Imports -11

Structureofemployment

%oftotal

Agriculture ...Industry ...Services ...

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 4.3Av.ann.rate2005-15 6.7

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 170.6Totalconsumption 33.2Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 759Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -93

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 15.4%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 9.9%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 13.96%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 5.9%Broadmoney 9.4%

Exchangerates

end2016Nper$ 305.00Npersdr 410.02Nper€ 320.94

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 61.11-real 101.61

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobCrudeoil 35.4Gas 6.8Food,drink&tobacco 0.9Vegetableproducts 0.5Totalincl.others 49-8Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalIndia 40.5Brazil 11.2Netherlands 8.2Spain 7.5

Principalimportsa

$bncifMachinery&transportequip. 11.3Mineralfuels 6.4

Mineralfuels 6.4Food&liveanimals 5.2Manufacturedgoods 4.8Totalincl.others 34.8Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalChina 21.8UnitedStates 12.2Belgium 5.8UnitedKingdom 4.4

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 46.9Visibleimportsfob -53.4Tradebalance -6.6Invisiblesinflows 4.2Invisiblesoutflows -34.0Nettransfers 20.6Currentaccountbalance -15.8-as%ofGDP -3.2Capitalbalance -7.0Overallbalance -6.0Changeinreserves -6.2LevelofreservesendDec. 31.3No.monthsofimportcover 4.3Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.7Foreigndebt 29.0-as%ofGDP 5.9

-as%oftotalexports 40.9Debtserviceratio 2.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 3.7Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.4Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. ...Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 68.5Educationspending,%ofGDP ...Enrolment,%:primary 94

secondary 56tertiary ...

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 38.3Av.no.perhousehold 4.8Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 49.3Muslim 48.8Other 1.4Non-religious 0.4Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 39

NewYork=100 39Carsper1,000pop. 16ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 1.9satellite ...Telephonelinesper100pop. 0.1Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 82.2Broadbandsubsper100pop. 0.0Internetusers,%ofpop. 47.4

NORWAYArea,sqkm 385,000Arableas%oftotalland 2.2Capital OsloCurrency Norwegiankrone(Nkr)

PeoplePopulation,m 5.2Pop.persqkm 13.5Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 1.1Pop.aged0-24,% 31.1Pop.aged70andover,% 10.6No.ofmenper100women 101.5HumanDevelopmentIndex 94.9Lifeexpectancy:men 80.2yrs

women 84.0yrsAdultliteracy ...Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.9Urbanpopulation,2020,% 81.7

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 11.9Crudedeathrate 7.9

TheeconomyGDP $387bnGDP Nkr3,117bn

GDP Nkr3,117bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 1.7%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 35manufacturing 8Services 64GDPperhead $74,342GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

122.2

Economicfreedomindex 74.0

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 43Publicconsumption 23Investment 28Exports 37Imports -32

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 2.0Industry 20.1Services 77.7

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 4.3

Unemployed2015 4.3Av.ann.rate2005-15 3.7

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 195.3Totalconsumption 47.8Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 5,596

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -583

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 3.2%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 3.7%CentralbankpolicyrateDec.2016 0.50%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 17.4%Broadmoney 4.5%

Exchangerates end2016

Nkrper$ 8.62Nkrpersdr 11.59Nkrper€ 9.07

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 86.05-real 88.80

-real 88.80

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobMineralfuels&lubricants 60.0Machinery&transportequip. 12.3Food&beverages 9.6Manufacturedgoods 9.6 Totalincl.others 103.9Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalUnitedKingdom 22.1Germany 17.8Netherlands 10.1France 6.6EU28 79.4Principalimports

$bncifMachinery&transportequip. 31.1Miscellaneousmanufactured

goods 12.2Manufacturedgoods 10.8Chemicals&mineralproducts 7.4Totalincl.others 76.4Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalSweden 11.5Germany 11.3China 10.4UnitedKingdom 6.7EU28 60.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 103.4Visibleimportsfob -75.4Tradebalance 27.9Invisiblesinflows 83.0Invisiblesoutflows -70.3Nettransfers -6.9Currentaccountbalance 33.7-as%ofGDP 8.7Capitalbalance -17.3Overallbalance -5.0Changeinreserves -7.3LevelofreservesendDec. 57.5No.monthsofimportcover 4.7Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Aidgiven 4.3-as%ofGDP 1.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 9.4

Healthspending,%ofGDP 9.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 4.3Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 3.3Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 7.4Enrolment,%:primary 100

secondary 113tertiary 77

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 2.3Av.no.perhousehold 2.3Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.6Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.9Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 84.7Non-religious 10.1Muslim 3.7Other 0.9Hindu 0.5Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 99Carsper1,000pop. 498ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 44.5satellite 38.5

Telephonelinesper100pop. 18.4Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 111.1Broadbandsubsper100pop. 39.7Internetusers,%ofpop. 96.8

PAKISTANArea,sqkm 796,095Arableas%oftotalland 39.5Capital IslamabadCurrency Pakistanrupee(PRs)

PeoplePopulation,m 188.9Pop.persqkm 237.3Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 2.0Pop.aged0-24,% 54.9Pop.aged70andover,% 2.8No.ofmenper100women 105.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 55.0Lifeexpectancy:men 65.8yrs

women 67.8yrsAdultliteracy 56.4Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 41.2

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 27.6Crudedeathrate 7.2

TheeconomyGDP $271bnGDP PRs27,493bn

GDP PRs27,493bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 3.8%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 25Industry,ofwhich: 20manufacturing 13Services 55GDPperhead $1,435GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

8.8

Economicfreedomindex 52.8

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 80Publicconsumption 11Investment 15Exports 11Imports -17

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 43.5Industry 22.5Services 34.0

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 5.9

Unemployed2015 5.9Av.ann.rate2005-15 5.9

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 37.4Totalconsumption 66.3Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 486

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 24

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.9%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 8.7%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 5.98%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 16.6%Broadmoney 13.6%

Exchangerates end2016

PRsper$ 104.81PRspersdr 140.90PRsper€ 110.29

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 95.05-real 127.49

-real 127.49

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobCottonfabrics 2.2Knitwear 2.1Rice 1.8Cottonyard&thread 1.6Totalincl.others 21.9Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalUnitedStates 16.7China 8.8Afghanistan 7.9UnitedKingdom 7.2Principalimports

$bncifPetroleumproducts 6.5Crudeoil 3.7Palmoil 1.8Telecomsequipment 1.4Totalincl.others 439Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalChina 25.1

UnitedArabEmirates 13.1SaudiArabia 6.8Indonesia 4.7

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 22.7Visibleimportsfob -39.3Tradebalance -16.6Invisiblesinflows 6.4Invisiblesoutflows -13.6Nettransfers 22.1Currentaccountbalance -1.6-as%ofGDP -0.6Capitalbalance 6.0Overallbalance 3.9Changeinreserves 5.7LevelofreservesendDec. 20.0No.monthsofimportcover 4.5Officialgoldholdings,moz 2.1Foreigndebt 65.5-as%ofGDP 24.2-as%oftotalexports 135.1Debtserviceratio 7.7

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 2.6Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.8Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.6

Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.6Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 91.4Educationspending,%ofGDP 2.7Enrolment,%:primary 93

secondary 45tertiary 10

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 28.1Av.no.perhousehold 6.7Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop.

Muslim 96.4Hindu 1.9Christian 1.6Jewish <0.1Non-religious <0.1Other <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 44Carsper1,000pop. 13ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 1.3satellite 15.4Telephonelinesper100pop. 1.9Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 66.9Broadbandsubsper100pop. 1.0Internetusers,%ofpop. 18.0

Internetusers,%ofpop. 18.0

PERUArea,sqkm 1,285,216Arableas%oftotalland 3.2Capital LimaCurrency NuevoSol(newSol)

PeoplePopulation,m 31.4Pop.persqkm 24.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 1.2Pop.aged0-24,% 45.7Pop.aged70andover,% 4.5No.ofmenper100women 99.8HumanDevelopmentIndex 74.0Lifeexpectancy:men 72.9yrs

women 78.1yrsAdultliteracy 94.4Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.2Urbanpopulation,2020,% 80.1

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 18.7Crudedeathrate 5.6

TheeconomyGDP $192bnGDP NewSoles613bn

GDP NewSoles613bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 4.8%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 8Industry,ofwhich: 33manufacturing 15Services 59GDPperhead $6,127GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

21.9

Economicfreedomindex 68.9

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 65Publicconsumption 13Investment 24Exports 21Imports -24

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture ...Industry 22.8Services 76.1

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 4.4

Unemployed2015 4.4Av.ann.rate2005-15 5.2

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 22.9Totalconsumption 26.4Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 768

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 0.15

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 3.6%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 5.0%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 4.37%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 8.6%Broadmoney 10.0%

Exchangerates end2016

NewSolesper$ 3.36NewSolespersdr 4.51NewSolesper€ 3.54

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal ...-real ...

-real ...

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobCopper 8.2Gold 6.7Zinc 1.5Fishmeal 1.4Totalincl.others 34.2Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalChina 21.5UnitedStates 14.8Switzerland 7.8Canada 6.8Principalimports

$bncifIntermediategoods 15.9Capitalgoods 12.0Consumergoods 8.8Totalincl.others 37.4Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalChina 24.4UnitedStates 22.2

Brazil 5.4Mexico 4.8

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 34.2Visibleimportsfob -37.0Tradebalance -2.8Invisiblesinflows 6.9Invisiblesoutflows -16.6Nettransfers 3.3Currentaccountbalance -9.2-as%ofGDP -4.8Capitalbalance 10.1Overallbalance -0.8Changeinreserves -0.9LevelofreservesendDec. 61.6No.monthsofimportcover 13.8Officialgoldholdings,moz 1.1Foreigndebt 65.9-as%ofGDP 34.3-as%oftotalexports 150.4Debtserviceratio 10.8

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 5.5Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.1Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.5Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 86.7

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 86.7Educationspending,%ofGDP 3.9Enrolment,%:primary 102

secondary 96tertiary ...

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 7.8Av.no.perhousehold 4.0Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.1Divorcesper1,000pop. 0.4Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 95.5Non-religious 3.0Other 1.5Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Muslim <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 65Carsper1,000pop. 45ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 32.5satellite 0.2Telephonelinesper100pop. 9.3Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 109.9Broadbandsubsper100pop. 6.4Internetusers,%ofpop. 40.9

Internetusers,%ofpop. 40.9

PHILIPPINESArea,sqkm 300,000Arableas%oftotalland 18.7Capital ManilaCurrency Philippinepeso(P)

PeoplePopulation,m 100.7Pop.persqkm 335.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,% 1.5Pop.aged0-24,% 51.5Pop.aged70andover,% 2.6No.ofmenper100women 101.9HumanDevelopmentIndex 68.2Lifeexpectancy:men 65.4yrs

women 72.4yrsAdultliteracy 96.6Fertilityrate(perwoman) 3.1Urbanpopulation,2020,% 44.3

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 22.7Crudedeathrate 6.8

TheeconomyGDP $292bnGDP P13,307bn

GDP P13,307bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15 5.9%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 10Industry,ofwhich: 31manufacturing 20Services 59GDPperhead $2,904GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

13.2

Economicfreedomindex 65.6

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 75Publicconsumption 11Investment 21Exports 28Imports -35

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 29.2Industry 16.2Services 54.7

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 6.3

Unemployed2015 6.3Av.ann.rate2005-15 7.2

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 9.7Totalconsumption 34.8Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 481

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 46

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.0%Av.ann.inflation2011-16 4.7%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 1.56%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1) 15.5%Broadmoney 14.0%

Exchangerates end2016

Pper$ 49.81Ppersdr 66.97Pper€ 52.41

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100-nominal 103.14-real 112.11

-real 112.11

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobElectrical&electronicequip. 28.6Machinery&transportequip. 5-2Agriculturalproducts 3.7Mineralproducts 2-9Totalincl.others 58.6Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalJapan 21.1UnitedStates 15.0China 10.9HongKong 10.6Principalimports

$bncifRawmaterials&intermediategoods 30.5Capitalgoods 19.6Consumergoods 11.4Mineralfuels&lubricants 9.2Totalincl.others 74.8Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotal

China 15.9UnitedStates 10.6Japan 9.4Taiwan 7.7

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 43.2Visibleimportsfob -66.5Tradebalance -23.3Invisiblesinflows 38.6Invisiblesoutflows -31.3Nettransfers 23.3Currentaccountbalance 7.3-as%ofGDP 2.5Capitalbalance -2.2Overallbalance 2.6

Changeinreserves 1.0LevelofreservesendDec. 80.6No.monthsofimportcover 9.9Officialgoldholdings,moz 6.3Foreigndebt 77.7-as%ofGDP 26.6-as%oftotalexports 69.5Debtserviceratio 7.2

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 4.7Doctorsper1,000pop. ...

Doctorsper1,000pop. ...Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.0Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 91.8Educationspending,%ofGDP ...Enrolment,%:primary 117

secondary 88tertiary 36

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 22.9Av.no.perhousehold 4.4Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 92.6Muslim 5.5Other 1.7Non-religious 0.1Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 63Carsper1,000pop. 31ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 52.5satellite 0.6Telephonelinesper100pop. 3.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 116.0

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 116.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 4.8Internetusers,%ofpop. 40.7

POLANDArea,sqkm 312,888Arableas%oftotalland

35.7

Capital WarsawCurrency Zloty(Zl)

PeoplePopulation,m 38.6Pop.persqkm 123.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,%

-0.1

Pop.aged0-24,% 26.5Pop.aged70andover,%

10.2

No.ofmenper100women

93.7

HumanDevelopmentIndex

85.5

Lifeexpectancy:men

74.1yrs

women 81.8yrsAdultliteracy 99.8Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.3

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

60.7

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 9.5Crudedeathrate 10.4

TheeconomyGDP $477bnGDP Zl1,798bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15

2.9%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 3Industry,ofwhich:

34

manufacturing 20Services 63GDPperhead $12,359GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

46.8

Economicfreedomindex

68.3

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption

58

Publicconsumption

18

Investment 20Exports 50Imports -46

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 11.5Industry 30.4Services 57.8

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 7.5Av.ann.rate2005-15

10.2

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 54.7Totalconsumption

98.0

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

2,473

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

28

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016

-0.6%

Av.ann.inflation2011-16

3.0%

Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016

1.47%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1)

11.7%

Broadmoney 7.5%

Exchangerates end2016

Zlper$ 4.18Zlpersdr 5.62Zlper€ 4.40

December2016

Effectiverates 2010=100

-nominal 91.51-real 88.18

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobMachinery& 77.0

Machinery&transportequip.

77.0

Manufacturedgoods

37.6

Foodstuffs&liveanimals

21.4

Totalincl.others 199.4Mainexportdestinations

% oftotalGermany 27.1UnitedKingdom 6.7CzechRepublic 6.6France 5.5EU28 79.3Principalimports

$bncifMachinery&transportequip.

71.0

Manufacturedgoods

34.0

Chemicals&mineralproducts

27.4

Totalincl.others 195.2Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalGermany 27.8China 7.4Russia 7.2Netherlands 5.9

Netherlands 5.9EU28 70.7

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob

191.0

Visibleimportsfob

-188.6

Tradebalance 2.5Invisiblesinflows 57.5Invisiblesoutflows

-62.0

Nettransfers -1.0Currentaccountbalance

-2.9

-as%ofGDP -0.6Capitalbalance 10.9Overallbalance 1.1Changeinreserves

-5.5

LevelofreservesendDec.

94.9

No.monthsofimportcover

4.5

Officialgoldholdings,moz

3.3

Foreigndebt 331.4-as%ofGDP 69.5-as%oftotalexports

131.2

Debtserviceratio 12.2

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

6.4

Doctorsper1,000pop.

2.2

Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

6.5

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

98.3

Educationspending,%ofGDP

4.9

Enrolment,%:primary

101

secondary 109tertiary 71

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

14.1

Av.no.perhousehold

2.7

Marriagesper1,000pop.

5.0

Divorcesper1,000pop.

1.7

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 94.3Non-religious 5.6Hindu <0.1

Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Muslim <0.1Other <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 58Carsper1,000pop.

523

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 33.8satellite 62.8Telephonelinesper100pop.

23.7

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

142.7

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

19.0

Internetusers,%ofpop.

68.0

PORTUGALArea,sqkm 92,225Arableas%oftotalland

12.4

Capital LisbonCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 10.3Pop.persqkm 111.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,%

-0.4

Pop.aged0-24,% 24.5Pop.aged70andover,%

15.0

No.ofmenper100women

89.9

HumanDevelopmentIndex

84.3

Lifeexpectancy:men

78.8yrs

women 84.4yrsAdultliteracy 95.4Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.5

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

66.1

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 7.6Crudedeathrate 10.7

TheeconomyGDP $199bnGDP €180bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15

-0.9%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 2Industry,ofwhich:

22

manufacturing 14Services 75GDPperhead $19,342GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

50.4

Economicfreedomindex

62.6

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption

66

Publicconsumption

18

Investment 15Exports 41Imports -40

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 7.5Industry 24.4Services 68.1

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 12.4Av.ann.rate2005-15

11.1

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput ...Totalconsumption

25.6

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

2,035

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

72

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016

0.7%

Av.ann.inflation2011-16

3.0%

Depositrate,Dec.2016

0.32%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1)

8.1%

Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangerates end2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016

Effectiverates 2010=100

-nominal 98.14-real 97.21

TradePrincipalexports

$bnfobMachinery&transportequip.

14.3

transportequip.Food,drink&tobacco

6.2

Chemicals&relatedproducts

4.9

Mineralfuels&lubricants

4.3

Totalincl.others 55.3Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalSpain 25.0France 12.1Germany 11.8UnitedKingdom 6.7EU28 72.8Principalimports

$bncifMachinery&transportequip.

18.6

Chemicals&relatedproducts

9.5

Food,drink&tobacco

8.8

Mineralfuels&lubricants

8.8

Totalincl.others 66.9Mainoriginsofimports

%oftotalSpain 33.0

Spain 33.0Germany 12.9France 7.4Italy 5.4EU28 76.5

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob

54.5

Visibleimportsfob

-64.7

Tradebalance -10.3Invisiblesinflows 37.0Invisiblesoutflows

-28.3

Nettransfers 1.7Currentaccountbalance

0.1

-as%ofGDP 0.1Capitalbalance 11.0Overallbalance 10.8Changeinreserves

-0.3

LevelofreservesendDec.

19.4

No.monthsofimportcover

2.5

Officialgoldholdings,moz

12.3

Aidgiven 0.3-as%ofGDP 0.2

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

9.5

Doctorsper1,000pop.

4.1

Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

3.4

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

100

Educationspending,%ofGDP

5.3

Enrolment,%:primary

109

secondary 116tertiary 66

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

4.1

Av.no.perhousehold

2.5

Marriagesper1,000pop.

3.0

Divorcesper1,000pop.

2.2

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 93.8Non-religious 4.4Other 1.0

Other 1.0Muslim 0.6Hindu 0.1Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 64Carsper1,000pop.

421

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 56.1satellite 20.1Telephonelinesper100pop.

44.1

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

110.4

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

29.6

Internetusers,%ofpop.

68.6

ROMANIAArea,sqkm 238,391Arableas%oftotalland

38.2

Capital BucharestCurrency Leu

(RON)

PeoplePopulation,m 19.5Pop.persqkm 81.8Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015-20,%

-0.7

Pop.aged0-24,% 26.0Pop.aged70andover,%

11.8

No.ofmenper100women

93.9

HumanDevelopmentIndex

80.2

Lifeexpectancy:men

71.6yrs

women 78.7yrsAdultliteracy 98.8Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.3

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

55.6

2020,%

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 9.0Crudedeathrate 13.7

TheeconomyGDP $178bnGDP RON711bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010-15

2.4%

OriginsofGDP

%oftotalAgriculture 5Industry,ofwhich:

35

manufacturing 24Services 60GDPperhead $9,104GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

38.1

Economicfreedomindex

69.7

ComponentsofGDP

%oftotalPrivateconsumption

61

consumptionPublicconsumption

14

Investment 26Exports 41Imports -42

Structureofemployment %oftotal

Agriculture 25.6Industry 28.5Services 46.0

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 6.8Av.ann.rate2005-15

6.8

Energy mTOE

Totaloutput 21.3Totalconsumption

33.2

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

1,592

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

17

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016

-1.5%

Av.ann.inflation2011-16

3.9%

Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016

2.43%

av.ann.increase2011-16

Narrowmoney(M1)

16.0%

Broadmoney 7.8%

Exchangerates end2016

Leiper$ 4.30Leipersdr 5.79Leiper€ 4.52

December2016

Effectiverates 2010=100

-nominal 94.81-real 94.98

Trade

Principalexports

$bnfobMachinery&transportequip.

26.9

Basicmetals&products

5.2

Textiles&apparel 4.4Minerals,fuels&lubricants

2.7

Totalincl.others 60.6

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 19.7Italy 12.5France 6.8Hungary 5.4EU28 73.7

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.

26.3

Chemicalproducts

7.0

Minerals,fuels&lubricants

4.9

Textiles&products

4.7

Totalincl.others 69.9

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 19.8

Germany 19.8Italy 10.9Hungary 7.9France 5.6EU28 77.1

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob

54.5

Visibleimportsfob

-63.1

Tradebalance -8.6Invisiblesinflows 21.1Invisiblesoutflows

-17.7

Nettransfers 3.1Currentaccountbalance

-2.2

–as%ofGDP -1.2Capitalbalance 2.7Overallbalance 0.9Changeinreserves

-4.5

LevelofreservesendDec.

38.7

No.monthsofimportcover

5.7

Officialgoldholdings,moz

3.3

Foreigndebt 96.0–as%ofGDP 53.9

–as%oftotalexports

121.9

Debtserviceratio 30.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

5.6

Doctorsper1,000pop.

2.4

Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

6.1

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

100

Educationspending,%ofGDP

2.9

Enrolment,%:primary

90

secondary 92tertiary 53

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

7.0

Av.no.perhousehold

2.8

Marriagesper1,000pop.

5.9

Divorcesper1,000pop.

1.4

Religion,%of

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 99.5Muslim 0.3Non-religious 0.1Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Other <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 47Carsper1,000pop.

227

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 45.9satellite 37.4Telephonelinesper100pop.

19.8

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

107.1

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

19.8

Internetusers,%ofpop.

55.8

RUSSIAArea,sqkm 17,098,246Arableas%oftotalland

7.5

Capital MoscowCurrency Rouble(Rb)

PeoplePopulation,m 143.5Pop.persqkm 8.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

-0.1

Pop.aged0–24,% 27.4Pop.aged70andover,%

9.3

No.ofmenper100women

86.8

HumanDevelopmentIndex

80.4

Lifeexpectancy:men

64.7yrs

women 76.1yrsAdultliteracy 99.7Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.6

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

74.6

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 12.3Crudedeathrate 14.3

TheeconomyGDP $1,366bnGDP Rb83,233bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

1.1%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 5Industry,ofwhich:

33

manufacturing 14Services 63

GDPperhead $9,518GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

46.7

Economicfreedomindex

57.1

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption

52

Publicconsumption

19

consumptionInvestment 21Exports 30Imports -21

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 6.7Industry 27.2Services 66.1

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.6Av.ann.rate2005–15

6.4

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 1,350.3Totalconsumption

772.0

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

4,943

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

-84

InflationandfinanceConsumerprice

inflation2016 7.2%Av.ann.inflation2011–16

9.4%

Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016

10.16%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

6.7%

Broadmoney 12.3%

Exchangeratesend2016

Rbper$ 60.66Rbpersdr 81.54Rbper€ 63.83

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 68.80–real 90.83

Trade

Principalexportsa

$bnfobFuels 350.8Ores&metals 52.3Chemicals 29.2Machinery&equipment

26.4

Totalincl.others

Totalincl.others 497.8

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Netherlands 11.9China 8.3Germany 7.4Italy 6.5EU28 39.8

Principalimportsa

$bncifMachinery&equipment

136.3

Chemicals 46.5Food&agriculturalproducts

39.9

Metals 20.5Totalincl.others 286.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 19.1Germany 11.2UnitedStates 6.3Belarus 5.1EU28 35.8

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexports 341.5

Visibleexportsfob

341.5

Visibleimportsfob

-193.0

Tradebalance 148.5Invisiblesinflows 89.0Invisiblesoutflows

-162.8

Nettransfers -5.7Currentaccountbalance

68.9

–as%ofGDP 5.0Capitalbalance -70.3Overallbalance 1.7Changeinreserves

-18.2

LevelofreservesendDec.

368.0

No.monthsofimportcover

12.4

Officialgoldholdings,moz

45.5

Foreigndebt 467.7–as%ofGDP 34.2–as%oftotalexports

106.9

Debtserviceratio 23.0

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

7.1

Doctorsper1,000 4.3

Doctorsper1,000pop.

4.3

Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

…

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

96.9

Educationspending,%ofGDP

4.3

Enrolment,%:primary

99

secondary 101tertiary 79

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

56.5

Av.no.perhousehold

2.5

Marriagesper1,000pop.

8.5

Divorcesper1,000pop.

4.5

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 73.3Non-religious 16.2Muslim 10.0Jewish 0.2Hindu <0.1Other <0.1Costofliving,

Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 90Carsper1,000pop.

304

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 32.9satellite 24.7Telephonelinesper100pop.

25.0

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

160.0

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

18.9

Internetusers,%ofpop.

70.1

SAUDIARABIAArea,sqkm 2,150,000Arableas%oftotalland

1.6

Capital RiyadhCurrency Riyal(SR)

PeoplePopulation,m 31.5Pop.persqkm 14.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

1.7

Pop.aged0–24,% 42.2Pop.aged70andover,%

1.7

No.ofmenper100women

130.1

HumanDevelopmentIndex

84.7

Lifeexpectancy:men 73.5yrs

women 76.3yrs

Adultliteracy 94.8Fertilityrate(perwoman)

2.1

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

84.1

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 18.5Crudedeathrate 3.5

TheeconomyGDP $652bnGDP SR2,444bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

5.0%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich:

46

manufacturing 12Services 52

GDPperhead $20,691GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

96.5

Economicfreedomindex

64.4

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption

41

Publicconsumption

30

Investment 35

Investment 35Exports 34Imports -39

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 6.1Industry 22.7Services 71.2

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.6Av.ann.rate2005–15

5.7

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 689.7Totalconsumption

255.2

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

6,913

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

-192

InflationandfinanceConsumerprice

inflation2016 4.0%

inflation2016 4.0%Av.ann.inflation2011–16

4.6%

Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016

0.87%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

8.5%

Broadmoney 7.9%

Exchangeratesend2016

SRper$ 3.75SRpersdr 5.04SRper€ 3.95

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 123.53–real 127.57

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Crudeoil 128.0Refinedpetroleumproducts

27.9

Totalincl.others 203.5

Mainexportdestinations

%oftotalChina 14.1Japan 11.7UnitedStates 10.3India 9.9

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.

79.7

Foodstuffs 24.5Chemical&metalproducts

14.7

Totalincl.others 174.6

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 14.5UnitedStates 13.3Germany 7.1Japan 5.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob

203.5

Visibleimportsfob

-159.3

Tradebalance 44.3Invisiblesinflows 40.1Invisiblesoutflows

-96.3

outflowsNettransfers -44.7Currentaccountbalance

-56.7

–as%ofGDP -8.7Capitalbalance -43.9Overallbalance -115.4Changeinreserves

-117.5

LevelofreservesendDec.

627.0

No.monthsofimportcover

29.4

Officialgoldholdings,moz

10.4

Foreigndebt 171.5–as%ofGDP 26.3–as%oftotalexports

70.4

Debtserviceratio 5.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

4.7

Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.5Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

2.1

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

97.0

Educationspending,%ofGDP

…

Enrolment,%:primary 109

Enrolment,%:primary 109secondary 108tertiary 63

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

5.0

Av.no.perhousehold

6.3

Marriagesper1,000pop.

…

Divorcesper1,000pop.

…

Religion,%ofpop.

Muslim 93.0Christian 4.4Hindu 1.1Other 0.9Non-religious 0.7Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 54Carsper1,000pop.

140

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 0.3satellite 99.5Telephonelines 12.5

Telephonelinesper100pop.

12.5

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

176.6

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

11.9

Internetusers,%ofpop.

69.6

SINGAPOREArea,sqkm 718Arableas%oftotalland

0.8

Capital SingaporeCurrency Singapore

dollar(S$)

PeoplePopulation,m 5.6Pop.persqkm 7,799.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

1.4

Pop.aged0–24,% 28.7Pop.aged70andover,%

7.1

No.ofmenper100women

97.4

HumanDevelopmentIndex

92.5

Lifeexpectancy:men 80.6yrs

women 86.7yrs

Adultliteracy 96.8Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.0

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

100.0

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 8.7Crudedeathrate 5.1

TheeconomyGDP $297bnGDP S$408bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

4.0%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 0Industry,ofwhich:

26

manufacturing 20Services 74

GDPperhead $53,006GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

151.9

Economicfreedomindex

88.6

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption

36

Publicconsumption

10

consumptionInvestment 26Exports 176Imports -150

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 1.0Industry 16.3Services 82.7

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 1.7Av.ann.rate2005–15

3.5

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput …Totalconsumption

82.3

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

5,122

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

99

InflationandfinanceConsumerprice

inflation2016 -0.3%Av.ann.inflation2011–16

3.8%

Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016

0.46%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

5.8%

Broadmoney 4.9%

Exchangeratesend2016

S$per$ 1.45S$persdr 1.94S$per€ 1.53

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 109.86–real 108.01

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Mineralfuels 59.5Electroniccomponents&parts

48.5

Chemicals&chemicalproducts

47.7

productsManufacturedproducts

30.5

Totalincl.others 357.8

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 13.5HongKong 11.3Malaysia 10.6Indonesia 8.1

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.

141.5

Mineralfuels 64.6Misc.manufacturedarticles

26.0

Manufacturedproducts

20.5

Totalincl.others 307.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 13.7Malaysia 10.8UnitedStates 10.8Taiwan 8.0

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob

379.6

Visibleimportsfob

-296.7

Tradebalance 82.8Invisiblesinflows 211.5Invisiblesoutflows

-230.6

Nettransfers -10.0Currentaccountbalance

53.8

–as%ofGDP 18.1Capitalbalance -51.5Overallbalance 1.1Changeinreserves

-9.7

Levelofreserves

endDec. 251.9No.monthsofimportcover

5.7

Officialgoldholdings,moz

4.1

Foreigndebt 465.5–as%ofGDP 156.8–as%oftotalexports

78.7

Debtserviceratio 7.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

4.9

Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.0Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

2.0

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

100

Educationspending,%ofGDP

2.9

Enrolment,%:primary …secondary …tertiary 70

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

1.6

Av.no.perhousehold

3.5

Marriagesper1,000pop.

7.3

Divorcesper1,000pop.

1.8

Religion,%ofpop.

Buddhist 33.9Christian 18.2Non-religious 16.4Muslim 14.3Other 12.0Hindu 5.2

Hindu 5.2Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 120Carsper1,000pop.

118

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 55.8satellite …Telephonelinesper100pop.

35.9

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

146.5

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

26.4

Internetusers,%ofpop.

82.1

SLOVAKIAArea,sqkm 49,035Arableas%oftotalland

29.0

Capital BratislavaCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 5.4Pop.persqkm 110.1Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

0.0

Pop.aged0–24,% 27.0Pop.aged70andover,%

9.0

No.ofmenper100women

94.1

HumanDevelopmentIndex

84.5

Lifeexpectancy:men 73.0yrs

women 80.3yrs

Adultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.4

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

53.2

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 10.4Crudedeathrate 10.2

TheeconomyGDP $87bnGDP €79bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

2.4%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 4Industry,ofwhich:

35

manufacturing 22Services 62

GDPperhead $16,169GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

53.7

Economicfreedomindex

65.7

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption

55

Publicconsumption

19

Investment 23

Investment 23Exports 93Imports -91

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 3.2Industry 36.1Services 60.7

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 11.5Av.ann.rate2005–15

13.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 4.9Totalconsumption

17.0

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

2,943

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

59

InflationandfinanceConsumerprice

inflation2016 -0.2%

inflation2016 -0.2%Av.ann.inflation2011–16

3.3%

Depositrate,Dec.2016

1.90%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

8.1%

Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 99.91–real 97.52

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip.

44.4

Chemicals&relatedproducts

3.6

Mineralfuels&lubricants

2.8

Food,drink&tobacco

2.7

Totalincl.others

Totalincl.others 75.3

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 22.4CzechRepublic 12.5Poland 8.5Austria 6.0EU28 85.5

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.

34.6

Chemicals&relatedproducts

6.4

Mineralfuels&lubricants

5.8

Food,drink&tobacco

3.9

Totalincl.others 83.4

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 16.9CzechRepublic 15.2Austria 8.1Poland 5.6EU28 78.7

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bn

Visibleexportsfob

73.3

Visibleimportsfob

-71.0

Tradebalance 2.2Invisiblesinflows 12.3Invisiblesoutflows

-13.0

Nettransfers -1.4Currentaccountbalance

0.2

–as%ofGDP 0.2Capitalbalance 2.4Overallbalance 0.3Changeinreserves

0.3

LevelofreservesendDec.

2.9

No.monthsofimportcover

0.4

Officialgoldholdings,moz

1.0

Aidgiven 0.09–as%ofGDP 0.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

8.1

Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.3Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

6.0

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

100

Educationspending,%ofGDP

…

Enrolment,%:primary 101secondary 92tertiary 53

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

1.8

Av.no.perhousehold

3.0

Marriagesper1,000pop.

4.9

Divorcesper1,000pop.

1.9

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 85.3Non-religious 14.3Muslim 0.2Other 0.1Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 …Carsper1,000pop.

355

ColourTV

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 43.0satellite 49.6Telephonelinesper100pop.

15.9

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

122.9

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

23.3

Internetusers,%ofpop.

77.6

SLOVENIAArea,sqkm 20,273Arableas%oftotalland

9.1

Capital LjubljanaCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 2.1Pop.persqkm 103.6Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

0.1

Pop.aged0–24,% 24.4Pop.aged70andover,%

13.0

No.ofmenper100women

98.3

HumanDevelopmentIndex

89.0

Lifeexpectancy:men 78.1yrs

women 83.9yrs

Adultliteracy 99.7Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.3

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

49.8

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 10.1Crudedeathrate 10.0

TheeconomyGDP $43bnGDP €39bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

0.4%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich:

33

manufacturing 23Services 65

GDPperhead $20,380GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

54.2

Economicfreedomindex

59.2

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption

52

Publicconsumption

19

Investment 20

Investment 20Exports 78Imports -69

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 7.0Industry 31.6Services 60.2

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 9.0Av.ann.rate2005–15

7.3

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 2.2Totalconsumption

7.0

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

3,136

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

44

InflationandfinanceConsumerprice

inflation2016 -0.3%

inflation2016 -0.3%Av.ann.inflation2011–16

3.1%

Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016

-0.37%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

8.1%

Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal ...–real ...

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip.

12.4

Manufactures 9.9Chemicals 5.0Miscellaneousmanufactures

4.6

Totalincl.others 32.0

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 19.0Italy 10.6Austria 8.0Croatia 6.7EU28 76.0

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.

10.1

Manufactures 8.5Chemicals 4.2Mineralfuels&lubricants

2.8

Totalincl.others 29.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 16.5Italy 13.8Austria 10.2China 5.4EU28 70.0

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob

26.7

Visibleimportsfob

-25.0

fobTradebalance 1.7Invisiblesinflows 8.5Invisiblesoutflows

-7.3

Nettransfers -0.6Currentaccountbalance

2.2

–as%ofGDP 5.2Capitalbalance -1.7Overallbalance -0.1Changeinreserves

-0.2

LevelofreservesendDec.

0.9

No.monthsofimportcover

0.3

Officialgoldholdings,moz

0.1

Aidgiven 0.06–as%ofGDP 0.2

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

9.2

Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.5Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

4.6

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

99.5

Educationspending,%ofGDP

5.5

GDPEnrolment,%:primary 99

secondary 111tertiary 83

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

0.9

Av.no.perhousehold

2.3

Marriagesper1,000pop.

3.2

Divorcesper1,000pop.

1.2

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 78.4Non-religious 18.0Muslim 3.6Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Other <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 …Carsper1,000pop.

513

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 70.7

satellite 9.1Telephonelinesper100pop.

36.2

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

113.2

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

27.6

Internetusers,%ofpop.

73.1

SOUTHAFRICAArea,sqkm 1,219,000Arableas%oftotalland

10.3

Capital PretoriaCurrency Rand(R)

PeoplePopulation,m 54.5Pop.persqkm 44.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

0.8

Pop.aged0–24,%

48.6

Pop.aged70andover,%

3.2

No.ofmenper100women

96.8

HumanDevelopmentIndex

66.6

Lifeexpectancy:men

55.7yrs

women 59.3yrsAdultliteracy 94.6Fertilityrate(perwoman)

2.3

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

67.2

2020,% per1,000

pop.Crudebirthrate 19.8Crudedeathrate 12.6

TheeconomyGDP $315bnGDP R4,014bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

2.1%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 2Industry,ofwhich:

29

manufacturing 13Services 69

GDPperhead $5,775GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

23.8

Economicfreedomindex

62.3

ComponentsofGDP %oftotalPrivateconsumption

60

Public 21

Publicconsumption

21

Investment 21Exports 31Imports -32

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 5.6Industry 23.9Services 70.5

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 25.2Av.ann.rate2005–15

24.0

Energy mTOETotaloutput 137.8Totalconsumption

142.0

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

2,714

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

-14

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016

6.4%

Av.ann.inflation2011–16

6.8%

Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016

7.61%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

11.10%

Broadmoney 6.9%

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016

6.4%

Av.ann.inflation2011–16

6.8%

Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016

7.61%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

11.10%

Broadmoney 6.9%

Exchangeratesend2016

Rper$ 13.68Rpersdr 18.40Rper€ 14.39

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 63.48–real 80.01

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Mineralproducts 16.6Preciousmetals 14.8Vehicles,aircraft&vessels

10.2

Iron&steelproducts

9.8

Totalincl.others 81.5

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 9.2UnitedStates 7.6Germany 6.2Namibia 4.8

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&equipment

21.3

Mineralproducts 13.8Vehicles,aircraft&vessels

8.9

Chemicals 8.8

Chemicals 8.8Totalincl.others 85.7

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 19.4Germany 11.9UnitedStates 7.5India 5.3

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob

81.6

Visibleimportsfob

-84.6

Tradebalance -3.0Invisiblesinflows 23.0Invisiblesoutflows

-31.2

Nettransfers -2.6Currentaccountbalance

-13.9

–as%ofGDP -4.4Capitalbalance 15.1Overallbalance -0.8Changeinreserves

-3.2

LevelofreservesendDec.

45.9

No.monthsofimportcover

4.8

Officialgold 4.0

Officialgoldholdings,moz

4.0

Foreigndebt 137.9–as%ofGDP 43.8–as%oftotalexports

131.3

Debtserviceratio 7.7

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

8.8

Doctorsper1,000pop.

0.8

Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

…

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

93.2

Educationspending,%ofGDP

6.1

Enrolment,%:primary

100

secondary 92tertiary 19

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

15.3

Av.no.perhousehold

3.6

Marriagesper …

Marriagesper1,000pop.

…

Divorcesper1,000pop.

…

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 81.2Non-religious 14.9Muslim 1.7Hindu 1.1Other 0.9Jewish 0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100

51

Carsper1,000pop.

120

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable …satellite 8.9Telephonelinesper100pop.

7.7

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

164.5

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

2.6

Internetusers,%ofpop.

51.9

SOUTHKOREAArea,sqkm 100,266Arableas%oftotalland

15.1

Capital SeoulCurrency Won(W)

PeoplePopulation,m 50.3Pop.persqkm 501.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

0.4

Pop.aged0–24,%

27.5

Pop.aged70andover,%

8.9

No.ofmenper100women

98.8

HumanDevelopmentIndex

90.1

Lifeexpectancy:men

79.5yrs

women 85.7yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.3

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

83.1

2020,%per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 9.1Crudedeathrate 6.1

TheeconomyGDP $1,383bnGDP W1,564trnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

3.0%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich:

38

manufacturing 30Services 60

GDPperhead $27,490GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

65.8

Economicfreedomindex

74.3

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption

50

Publicconsumption

15

consumptionInvestment 29Exports 46Imports -39

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 5.2Industry 25.1Services 69.7

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 3.6Av.ann.rate2005–15

3.4

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 37.6Totalconsumption

280.6

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

5,323

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

82

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016

1.0%

inflation2016Av.ann.inflation2011–16

3.4%

Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016

1.23%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

12.5%

Broadmoney 6.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

Wper$ 1,208.50Wpersdr 1,624.62Wper€ 1,271.64

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal …–real …

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip.

310.6

Manufacturedgoods

67.2

Chemicals&relatedproducts

58.9

Miscellaneous 44.1

Miscellaneousmanufacturedarticles

44.1

Totalincl.others 526.9

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 26.0UnitedStates 13.3HongKong 5.8Vietnam 5.3

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.

145.4

Mineralfuels&lubricants

103.4

Manufacturedgoods

50.4

Chemicals&relatedproducts

43.5

Totalincl.others 436.1

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 20.7Japan 10.5UnitedStates 10.1Germany 4.8

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bn

Visibleexportsfob

542.9

Visibleimportsfob

-420.6

Tradebalance 122.3Invisiblesinflows 121.6Invisiblesoutflows

-132.9

Nettransfers -5.0Currentaccountbalance

105.9

–as%ofGDP 7.7Capitalbalance -94.3Overallbalance 12.1Changeinreserves

3.9

LevelofreservesendDec.

366.7

No.monthsofimportcover

7.9

Officialgoldholdings,moz

3.4

Foreigndebt 376.6–as%ofGDP 27.3–as%oftotalexports

56.7

Debtserviceratio 6.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

7.4

Doctorsper1,000pop.

2.1

Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

…

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

97.6

Educationspending,%ofGDP

4.6

Enrolment,%:primary

99

secondary 98tertiary 95

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

18.7

Av.no.perhousehold

2.7

Marriagesper1,000pop.

5.9

Divorcesper1,000pop.

2.1

Religion,%ofpop.

Non-religious 46.4Christian 29.4Buddhist 22.9Other 1.0Muslim 0.2Jewish <0.1

Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100

108

Carsper1,000pop.

318

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 81.8satellite 13.5Telephonelinesper100pop.

58.1

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

118.5

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

40.2

Internetusers,%ofpop.

89.6

SPAINArea,sqkm 505,992Arableas%oftotalland

24.5

Capital MadridCurrency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 46.1Pop.persqkm 91.1Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

0.0

Pop.aged0–24,%

24.3

Pop.aged70andover,%

13.7

No.ofmenper100women

96.3

HumanDevelopmentIndex

88.4

Lifeexpectancy:men

80.5yrs

women 85.8yrsAdultliteracy 98.1Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.5

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

80.7

2020,%per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 8.6Crudedeathrate 9.1

TheeconomyGDP $1,194bnGDP €1,076bnAvann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

-0.2%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 3Industry,ofwhich:

24

manufacturing 14Services 74

GDPperhead $25,891GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

62.4

Economicfreedomindex

63.6

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption

58

Publicconsumption

19

consumptionInvestment 20Exports 33Imports -31

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 4.1Industry 19.9Services 76.0

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 22.1Av.ann.rate2005–15

17.6

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 15.4Totalconsumption

136.9

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

2,465

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

69

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016

-0.3%

inflation2016Av.ann.inflation2011–16

2.9%

Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016

-0.24%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

8.1%

Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

€per$ 0.95€persdr 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 97.94–real 92.59

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip.

96.1

Food,drink&tobacco

42.2

Chemicals&relatedproducts

38.3

Mineralfuels&lubricants

18.8

lubricantsTotalincl.others 277.1

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

France 15.9Germany 11.1Italy 7.5UnitedKingdom 7.5EU28 65.1

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.

98.6

Chemicals&relatedproducts

46.9

Mineralfuels&lubricants

42.8

Food,drink&tobacco

30.9

Totalincl.others 304.9

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 14.8France 12.1China 7.2Italy 6.6EU28 60.7

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob

277.4

Visibleimportsfob

-301.5

Tradebalance -24.1Invisiblesinflows 176.4Invisiblesoutflows

-124.0

Nettransfers -12.1Currentaccountbalance

16.2

–as%ofGDP 1.4Capitalbalance -14.4Overallbalance 5.7Changeinreserves

3.6

LevelofreservesendDec.

54.0

No.monthsofimportcover

1.5

Officialgoldholdings,moz

9.1

Aidgiven 1.4–as%ofGDP 0.1

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

9.0

Doctorsper1,000pop.

4.9

pop.Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

3.1

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

100

Educationspending,%ofGDP

4.3

Enrolment,%:primary

105

secondary 130tertiary 90

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

18.8

Av.no.perhousehold

2.5

Marriagesper1,000pop.

3.4

Divorcesper1,000pop.

2.2

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 78.6Non-religious 19.0Muslim 2.1Jewish 0.1Other 0.1Hindu <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016New

80

Dec.2016NewYork=100Carsper1,000pop.

468

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 13.9satellite 12.7Telephonelinesper100pop.

41.5

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

108.2

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

28.7

Internetusers,%ofpop.

78.7

SWEDENArea,sqkm 447,000Arableas%oftotalland

6.4

Capital StockholmCurrency Swedish

krona(Skr)

PeoplePopulation,m 9.8Pop.persqkm 21.9Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,%

0.7

Pop.aged0–24,%

29.6

Pop.aged70andover,%

13.4

No.ofmenper100women

99.9

HumanDevelopmentIndex

91.3

Lifeexpectancy:men

81.1yrs

women 84.4yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman)

1.9

Urbanpopulation, 86.6

Urbanpopulation,2020,%

86.6

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 12.2Crudedeathrate 9.0

TheeconomyGDP $496bnGDP Skr4,181bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15

2.0%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 1Industry,ofwhich:

26

manufacturing 17Services 72

GDPperhead $50,581GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

86.6

Economicfreedomindex

74.9

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption

45

Public 26

Publicconsumption

26

Investment 24Exports 46Imports -41

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 2.0Industry 18.2Services 79.2

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 7.4Av.ann.rate2005–15

7.6

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 15.7Totalconsumption

52.8

Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent

5,132

Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse

28

InflationandfinanceConsumerprice 1.1%

Consumerpriceinflation2016

1.1%

Av.ann.inflation2011–16

2.8%

Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016

-0.79%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1)

9.2%

Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

Skrper$ 9.06Skrpersdr 12.18Skrper€ 9.53

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 96.58–real 91.29

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&transportequip.

55.1

Chemicals&relatedproducts

17.9

Mineralfuels&lubricants

9.2

lubricantsRawmaterials 8.9Totalincl.others 140.0

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Norway 10.3Germany 10.2UnitedStates 7.7UnitedKingdom 7.2EU28 58.5

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&transportequip.

53.4

Chemicals&relatedproducts

16.2

Food,drink&tobacco

14.7

Mineralfuels&lubricants

13.5

Totalincl.others 138.3

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 17.8Netherlands 8.1Norway 7.8Denmark 7.7EU28 70.0

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob

152.1

Visibleimportsfob

-138.5

Tradebalance 13.5Invisiblesinflows 121.4Invisiblesoutflows

-103.4

Nettransfers -8.2Currentaccountbalance

23.3

–as%ofGDP 4.7Capitalbalance -10.1Overallbalance 1.3Changeinreserves

-4.5

LevelofreservesendDec.

58.1

No.monthsofimportcover

2.9

Officialgoldholdings,moz

4.0

Aidgiven 7.1–as%ofGDP 1.4

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP

11.9

Doctorsper1,000pop.

3.9

pop.Hospitalbedsper1,000pop.

2.7

Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop.

100

Educationspending,%ofGDP

7.7

Enrolment,%:primary

121

secondary 133tertiary 62

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m

5.1

Av.no.perhousehold

1.9

Marriagesper1,000pop.

5.5

Divorcesper1,000pop.

2.7

Religion,%ofpop.

Christian 67.2Non-religious 27.0Muslim 4.6Other 0.8Hindu 0.2Jewish 0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016New

80

Dec.2016NewYork=100Carsper1,000pop.

478

ColourTVhouseholds,%with:

cable 57.5satellite 20.1Telephonelinesper100pop.

36.7

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop.

130.4

Broadbandsubsper100pop.

36.1

Internetusers,%ofpop.

90.6

SWITZERLANDArea,sqkm 41,285Arableas%oftotalland 10.1Capital BerneCurrency Swissfranc(SFr)

PeoplePopulation,m 8.3Pop.persqkm 201.0Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.8Pop.aged0–24,% 26.2Pop.aged70andover,% 12.7No.ofmenper100women 98.1HumanDevelopmentIndex 93.9Lifeexpectancy:men 81.6yrs

women 85.5yrsAdultliteracy ...Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.6Urbanpopulation,2020,% 74.4

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 10.5Crudedeathrate 8.0

TheeconomyGDP $671bnGDP SFr645bn

GDP SFr645bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 1.5%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 26manufacturing 18Services 74GDPperhead $80,802GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

103.9

Economicfreedomindex 81.5

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 54Publicconsumption 11Investment 23Exports 63Imports -51

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 3.2Industry 19.3Services 74.9

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 4.6

Av.ann.rate2005–15 4.2

Energy mTOETotaloutput 6.8Totalconsumption 30.9Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,060Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 47

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 -0.4%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 1.9%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 -0.91% av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 4.2%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangeratesend2016

SFrper$ 1.02SFrpersdr 1.37SFrper€ 1.07

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 124.67–real 110.64

–real 110.64

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Chemicals 88.0Precisioninstruments,watches&jewellery 48.6Machinery,equipment&electronics 32.3Metals&metalmanufactures 12.3Totalincl.others 210.8

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 19.6UnitedStates 14.5HongKong 11.9India 10.1EU28 43.4

Principalimports$bncif

Chemicals 40.3Machinery,equipment&electronics 29.6Precisioninstruments,watches&jewellery 21.7Motorvehicles 17.5Totalincl.others 172.8

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Germany 30.1UnitedKingdom 18.6

UnitedKingdom 18.6UnitedStates 11.8Italy 11.3EU28 64.5

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 303.1Visibleimportsfob -249.5Tradebalance 53.6Invisiblesinflows 268.3Invisiblesoutflows -231.2Nettransfers -13.3Currentaccountbalance 77.4–as%ofGDP 11.5Capitalbalance -12.7Overallbalance 98.8Changeinreserves 56.6LevelofreservesendDec. 602.4No.monthsofimportcover 15.0Officialgoldholdings,moz 33.4Aidgiven 3.6–as%ofGDP 0.5

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 11.7Doctorsper1,000pop. 4.0Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 5.0Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100

Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.1Enrolment,%:primary 103

secondary 100tertiary 57

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 3.7Av.no.perhousehold 2.2Marriagesper1,000pop. 5.1Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.1Religion,%ofpop. Christian 81.3Non-religious 11.9Muslim 5.5Other 0.6Hindu 0.4Jewish 0.3

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 107Carsper1,000pop. 535ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 82.4satellite 16.0

Telephonelinesper100pop. 50.3Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 136.5Broadbandsubsper100pop. 45.1Internetusers,%ofpop. 87.5

TAIWANArea,sqkm 36,179Arableas%oftotalland ...Capital TaipeiCurrency Taiwandollar(T$)

PeoplePopulation,m 23.4Pop.persqkm 646.8Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.2Pop.aged0–24,% 26.9Pop.aged70andover,% 8.5No.ofmenper100women 99.0HumanDevelopmentIndex ...Lifeexpectancy:men 77.0yrs

women 83.5yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.1Urbanpopulation,2020,% 78.0

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 8.0Crudedeathrate 7.3

TheeconomyGDP $525bnGDP T$16,759bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.5%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.5%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 35manufacturing 30Services 63GDPperhead $22,446GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

84.0

Economicfreedomindex 76.5

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 51Publicconsumption 14Investment 23Exports 63Imports -50

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 4.9Industry 35.9Services 59.2

%oflabourforceUnemployed2015 3.4

Av.ann.rate2005–15 ...

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 10.4Totalconsumption 115.1Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent ...Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse ...

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 1.1%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.0%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 ...

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 6.5%Broadmoney 4.9%

Exchangeratesend2016

T$per$ 32.43T$persdr ...T$per€ 34.12

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal ...–real ...

–real ...

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Machinery&electricalequip. 150.4Basicmetals&articles 25.5Plastic&rubberarticles 21.1Chemicals 18.2Totalincl.others 263.2

Principalimports$bncif

Machinery&electricalequip. 84.1Minerals 41.6Chemicals&relatedproducts 25.6Basicmetals&articles 19.2Totalincl.others 236.4

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

China 27.9HongKong 14.9UnitedStates 13.1Japan 7.4

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 19.1Japan 16.4UnitedStates 12.3SouthKorea 5.7

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 284.9Visibleimportsfob -231.6Tradebalance 53.3Invisiblesinflows 86.5Invisiblesoutflows -60.3Nettransfers -3.4Currentaccountbalance 76.2–as%ofGDP 14.5Capitalbalance 68.0Overallbalance 151.1Changeinreserves 5.1LevelofreservesendDec. 440.5No.monthsofimportcover 18.1Officialgoldholdings,moz 13.6Foreigndebt 159.0–as%ofGDP 30.3–as%oftotalexports 39.0Debtserviceratio 2.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP ...Doctorsper1,000pop. ...

Doctorsper1,000pop. ...Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. ...Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. ...Educationspending,%ofGDP ...Enrolment,%:primary ...

secondary ...tertiary ...

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 7.8Av.no.perhousehold 3.0Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop. Other 60.5Buddhist 21.3Non-religious 12.7Christian 5.5Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 75Carsper1,000pop. 274ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 84.6satellite 0.4

Telephonelinesper100pop. 59.7Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 127.3Broadbandsubsper100pop. 24.3Internetusers,%ofpop. 78.0

Internetusers,%ofpop. 78.0

THAILANDArea,sqkm 513,120Arableas%oftotalland 32.9Capital BangkokCurrency Baht(Bt)

PeoplePopulation,m 68.0Pop.persqkm 132.5Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.2Pop.aged0–24,% 30.9Pop.aged70andover,% 6.7No.ofmenper100women 97.2HumanDevelopmentIndex 74.0Lifeexpectancy:men 71.8yrs

women 78.5yrsAdultliteracy 94.0Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.5Urbanpopulation,2020,% 55.8

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 9.9Crudedeathrate 8.4

TheeconomyGDP $399bnGDP Bt13,673bn

GDP Bt13,673bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.9%GDPperhead $5,871GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

29.2

Economicfreedomindex 66.2

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 9Industry,ofwhich: 36manufacturing 27Services 55

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 47Publicconsumption 17Investment 24Exports 69Imports -58

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 32.3Industry 23.7Services 43.9

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 0.7Av.ann.rate2005–15 1.0

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 62.5Totalconsumption 129.0Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 1,990Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 42

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.3%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.5%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 1.50%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 5.7%Broadmoney 6.2%

Exchangeratesend2016

Btper$ 35.83Btpersdr 48.17Btper€ 37.70

December2016

Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal ...–real ...

Trade

Principalexportsa

$bnfobMachinery,equip.&supplies 94.4Food 26.7Manufacturedgoods 26.5Chemicals 20.5Totalincl.others 211.0

Principalimportsa

$bncifMachinery,equip.&supplies 76.2Manufacturedgoods 34.5Fuel&lubricants 30.1Chemicals 21.6Totalincl.others 201.9

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

UnitedStates 11.2China 11.1Japan 9.4HongKong 5.5

HongKong 5.5

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

Japan 20.3China 15.4UnitedStates 6.9Malaysia 5.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 214.1Visibleimportsfob -187.2Tradebalance 26.8Invisiblesinflows 66.7Invisiblesoutflows -68.0Nettransfers 6.7Currentaccountbalance 32.1–as%ofGDP 8.1Capitalbalance -17.1Overallbalance 5.9Changeinreserves -0.7LevelofreservesendDec. 156.5No.monthsofimportcover 7.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 4.9Foreigndebt 129.7–as%ofGDP 32.8–as%oftotalexports 45.2Debtserviceratio 6.7

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 6.5Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.4Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.1Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 97.8Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.1Enrolment,%:primary 103

secondary 129tertiary 49

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 22.5Av.no.perhousehold 3.0Marriagesper1,000pop. ...Divorcesper1,000pop. ...Religion,%ofpop. Buddhist 93.2Muslim 5.5Christian 0.9Non-religious 0.3Hindu 0.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 77Carsper1,000pop. 125ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 9.9satellite 4.9

Telephonelinesper100pop. 7.9Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 152.7

Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 152.7Broadbandsubsper100pop. 9.2Internetusers,%ofpop. 39.3a2013

TURKEYArea,sqkm 785,000Arableas%oftotalland 26.9Capital AnkaraCurrency TurkishLira(YTL)

PeoplePopulation,m 78.7Pop.persqkm 100.3Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.9Pop.aged0–24,% 42.3Pop.aged70andover,% 4.9No.ofmenper100women 96.7HumanDevelopmentIndex 76.7Lifeexpectancy:men 73.0yrs

women 79.3yrsAdultliteracy 95.7Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.1Urbanpopulation,2020,% 75.7

per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 15.7Crudedeathrate 5.8

TheeconomyGDP $859bnGDP YTL2,338bn

GDP YTL2,338bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 4.4%

OriginsofGDP%oftotal

Agriculture 9Industry,ofwhich: 27manufacturing 18Services 65GDPperhead $10,915GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

43.2

Economicfreedomindex 65.2

ComponentsofGDP%oftotal

Privateconsumption 69Publicconsumption 16Investment 18Exports 28Imports -31

Structureofemployment%oftotal

Agriculture 20.4Industry 27.2Services 52.4

%oflabourforce

Unemployed2015 10.2Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.7

EnergymTOE

Totaloutput 15.6Totalconsumption 131.3Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 1,568Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 74

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 9.0%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 8.4%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 14.00%

av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 18.9%Broadmoney 15.3%

Exchangeratesend2016

YTLper$ 3.52YTLpersdr 4.74YTLper€ 3.70

December2016

Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal …–real …

Trade

Principalexports$bnfob

Agriculturalproducts 26.3Transportequipment 18.6Textiles&clothing 15.6Iron&steel 13.6Totalincl.others 143.8

Mainexportdestinations%oftotal

Germany 9.3Iraq 5.9UnitedKingdom 7.3Italy 4.8EU28 44.5

Principalimports$bncif

Fuels 37.8Chemicals 29.0Mechanicalequipment 24.4Transportequipment 21.8

Transportequipment 21.8Totalincl.others 207.2

Mainoriginsofimports%oftotal

China 12.0Germany 10.3Russia 9.8UnitedStates 5.4EU28 38.0

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 152.0Visibleimportsfob -200.1Tradebalance -48.1Invisiblesinflows 51.4Invisiblesoutflows -36.8Nettransfers 1.4Currentaccountbalance -32.1–as%ofGDP -3.7Capitalbalance 10.1Overallbalance -11.8

Changeinreserves -16.9LevelofreservesendDec. 110.5No.monthsofimportcover 5.6Officialgoldholdings,moz 16.6Foreigndebt 397.7–as%ofGDP 46.4–as%oftotalexports 195.0Debtserviceratio 26.9

Debtserviceratio 26.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 5.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.7Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.5Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.8Enrolment,%:primary 107

secondary 100tertiary 86

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 21.2Av.no.perhousehold 3.7Marriagesper1,000pop. 7.8Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.7Religion,%ofpop. Muslim 98.0Non-religious 1.2Christian 0.4Other 0.3Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1Costofliving,Dec.2016NewYork=100 72Carsper1,000pop. 130ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 7.0satellite 51.0

satellite 51.0Telephonelinesper100pop. 15.0Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 96.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 12.4Internetusers,%ofpop. 53.7

UKRAINEArea,sqkm 603,500Arableas%oftotalland 56.2Capital KievCurrency Hryvnya(UAH)

PeoplePopulation,m 44.8Pop.persqkm 74.2Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% -0.5Pop.aged0–24,% 25.8Pop.aged70andover,% 11.3No.ofmenper100women 86.3HumanDevelopmentIndex 74.3Lifeexpectancy:men 66.2yrs

women 76.1yrsAdultliteracy 99.8Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.5Urbanpopulation,2020,% 70.8 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 10.7Crudedeathrate 15.7

TheeconomyGDP $91bnGDP UAH1,989bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 -2.3%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 -2.3%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 14Industry,ofwhich: 26manufacturing 14Services 60GDPperhead $2,030GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

13.6

Economicfreedomindex 48.1

ComponentsofGDP %oftotalPrivateconsumption 67Publicconsumption 20Investment 15Exports 53Imports -55

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 15.3Industry 24.7Services 60.1 %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 9.1Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.7

Av.ann.rate2005–15 7.7

Energy mTOETotaloutput 68.0Totalconsumption 105.5Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,334Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 27

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 15.1%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 13.4%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 13.63% av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 11.2%Broadmoney 10.0%

Exchangerates end2016UAHper$ 27.19UAHpersdr 36.55UAHper€ 28.61 December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 44.97–real 76.01

Trade

Principalexports $bnfobFood&beverages 14.6Non-preciousmetals 9.5Machinery&equipment 4.6Fuels 3.1Totalincl.others 37.9

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalRussia 12.8Turkey 7.3China 6.3Egypt 5.5EU28 34.1

Principalimports $bncifFuels 11.7Machinery&equipment 8.0Chemicals 5.0Food&beverages 3.5Totalincl.others 36.3

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalRussia 19.3Germany 10.0China 9.7Belarus 6.3EU28 40.9

EU28 40.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 35.4Visibleimportsfob -38.9Tradebalance -3.5Invisiblesinflows 16.7Invisiblesoutflows -16.1Nettransfers 2.6Currentaccountbalance -0.2–as%ofGDP -0.2Capitalbalance 1.2Overallbalance 0.8Changeinreserves 5.8LevelofreservesendDec. 13.3No.monthsofimportcover 2.9Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.9Foreigndebt 122.8–as%ofGDP 135.5–as%oftotalexports 211.3Debtserviceratio 56.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.1Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.5Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 9.0Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 96.2Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.9Enrolment,%:primary 104

Enrolment,%:primary 104secondary 99tertiary 82

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 17.7Av.no.perhousehold 2.5Marriagesper1,000pop. 6.9Divorcesper1,000pop. 3.0Religion,%ofpop. Christian 83.8Non-religious 14.7Muslim 1.2Jewish 0.1Other 0.1Hindu <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016 NewYork=100 47

Carsper1,000pop. 163ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 23.2satellite 15.5

Telephonelinesper100pop. 21.6Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 144.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 11.8Internetusers,%ofpop. 48.9

UNITEDARABEMIRATESArea,sqkm 83,600Arableas%oftotalland 0.4Capital AbuDhabiCurrency Dirham(AED)

PeoplePopulation,m 9.2Pop.persqkm 110.0Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.4Pop.aged0–24,% 26.6Pop.aged70andover,% 0.5No.ofmenper100women 274.0HumanDevelopmentIndex 84.0Lifeexpectancy:men 76.9yrs

women 79.1yrsAdultliteracy 93.0Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.4Urbanpopulation,2020,% 86.8 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 10.0Crudedeathrate 1.8

TheeconomyGDP $370bnGDP AED1,360bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 4.7%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 4.7%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 48manufacturing …Services 52GDPperhead $40,250GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

124.6

Economicfreedomindex 76.9

ComponentsofGDP %oftotalPrivateconsumption 45Publicconsumption 13Investment 28Exports 97Imports -83

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture …Industry …Services … %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 3.8Av.ann.rate2005–15 3.8

Av.ann.rate2005–15 3.8

Energy mTOETotaloutput 229.5Totalconsumption 106.5Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 7,756Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -184

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 3.6%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 4.0%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 … av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 11.5%Broadmoney 8.5%

Exchangerates end2016AEDper$ 3.67AEDpersdr 4.94AEDper€ 3.86 December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 129.72–real ...

Trade

Principalexports $bnfobRe-exports 134.8Crudeoil 31.6Gas 7.7 Totalincl.others 300.4

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalOman 13.3Japan 10.8India 9.4Iran 7.4

Principalimports $bncifPreciousstones&metals 45.2Machinery&electricalequip. 39.3Vehicles&othertransportequipment 28.8Basemetals&relatedproducts 13.2Totalincl.others 263.4

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalChina 7.9UnitedStates 6.7India 6.2Germany 4.1

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 300.4Visibleimportsfob -223.9Tradebalance 76.6Invisiblesinflows 60.7Invisiblesoutflows -80.9Nettransfers -39.6Currentaccountbalance 16.7–as%ofGDP 4.5Capitalbalance -3.2Overallbalance 15.3Changeinreserves 15.5LevelofreservesendDec. 93.9No.monthsofimportcover 3.7Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.2Foreigndebt 203.3–as%ofGDP 54.9–as%oftotalexports 53.6Debtserviceratio 5.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 3.6Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.5Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.1Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.6Educationspending,%ofGDP …Enrolment,%:primary 116

secondary …tertiary …

tertiary …

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 1.7Av.no.perhousehold 5.4Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Muslim 76.9Christian 12.6Hindu 6.6Other 2.8Non-religious 1.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016 NewYork=100 72

Carsper1,000pop. 195ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 1.0satellite 98.4

Telephonelinesper100pop. 23.6Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 187.3Broadbandsubsper100pop. 12.9Internetusers,%ofpop. 91.2

UNITEDKINGDOMArea,sqkm 244,000Arableas%oftotalland 25.8Capital LondonCurrency Pound(£)

PeoplePopulation,m 64.7Pop.persqkm 265.2Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.6Pop.aged0–24,% 30.1Pop.aged70andover,% 12.1No.ofmenper100women 97.2HumanDevelopmentIndex 90.9Lifeexpectancy:men 79.4yrs

women 83.1yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.9Urbanpopulation,2020,% 83.8 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 12.4Crudedeathrate 9.1

TheeconomyGDP $2,863bnGDP £1,873bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.0%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.0%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 19manufacturing 10Services 80GDPperhead $44,255GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

74.5

Economicfreedomindex 76.4

ComponentsofGDP %oftotalPrivateconsumption 65Publicconsumption 19Investment 17Exports 28Imports -29

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 1.1Industry 18.5Services 79.7 %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.3Av.ann.rate2005–15 6.5

Av.ann.rate2005–15 6.5

Energy mTOETotaloutput 99.9Totalconsumption 200.8Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 2,777Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 40

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.7%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.7%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 0.05% av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) …Broadmoney 5.1%

Exchangerates end2016£per$ 0.81£persdr 1.09£per€ 0.85 December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 97.97–real 105.96

Trade

Principalexports $bnfobMachinery&transportequip. 163.7Chemicals&relatedproducts 79.8Mineralfuels&lubricants 33.2Food,drink&tobacco 28.0Totalincl.others 439.4

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalUnitedStates 15.2Germany 10.6Switzerland 7.3China 9.8EU28 44.4

Principalimports $bncifMachinery&transportequip. 237.4Chemicals&relatedproducts 76.9Food,drink&tobacco 59.5Mineralfuels&lubricants 50.8Totalincl.others 622.3

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalGermany 14.9China 6.2UnitedStates 9.3Netherlands 7.6EU28 53.6

EU28 53.6

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 439.3Visibleimportsfob -622.2Tradebalance -182.9Invisiblesinflows 555.5Invisiblesoutflows -457.6Nettransfers -37.7Currentaccountbalance -122.6–as%ofGDP -4.3Capitalbalance 132.7Overallbalance 31.3Changeinreserves 21.9LevelofreservesendDec. 129.6No.monthsofimportcover 1.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 10.0Aidgiven 18.6–as%ofGDP 0.7

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 9.1Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.8Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.9Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 100Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.8Enrolment,%:primary 108

secondary 128tertiary 57

tertiary 57

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 27.2Av.no.perhousehold 2.4Marriagesper1,000pop. 4.5Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.0Religion,%ofpop. Christian 71.1Non-religious 21.3Muslim 4.4Other 1.4Hindu 1.3Jewish 0.5

Costofliving,Dec.2016 NewYork=100 89

Carsper1,000pop. 514ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 14.4satellite 41.7

Telephonelinesper100pop. 52.0Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 124.1Broadbandsubsper100pop. 38.6Internetusers,%ofpop. 92.0

UNITEDSTATESArea,sqkm 9,832,000Arableas%oftotalland 16.9Capital WashingtonDCCurrency USdollar($)

PeoplePopulation,m 321.8Pop.persqkm 32.7Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.7Pop.aged0–24,% 32.6Pop.aged70andover,% 9.8No.ofmenper100women 98.3HumanDevelopmentIndex 92.0Lifeexpectancy:men 77.3yrs

women 81.9yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.9Urbanpopulation,2020,% 82.5 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 12.6Crudedeathrate 8.4

TheeconomyGDP $18,037bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.1%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 1Industry,ofwhich: 20manufacturing 12Services 80GDPperhead $56,049GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

100.0

Economicfreedomindex 75.1

ComponentsofGDP %oftotalPrivateconsumption 68Publicconsumption 14Investment 20Exports 13Imports -15

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 1.6Industry 18.5Services 79.9 %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.3Av.ann.rate2005–15 6.8

Energy mTOETotaloutput 2050.5Totalconsumption 2,451.1Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 6,949Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse 9

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 1.2%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.4%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 0.52% av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.9%Broadmoney 4.3%

Exchangerates end2016$persdr 1.34$per€ 1.05 December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 125.44–real 123.11

Trade

Principalexports $bnfob

Capitalgoods,excl.vehicles 539.4Industrialsupplies 426.0Consumergoods,excl.vehicles 197.7Vehicles&products 151.9Totalincl.others 1,502.6

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalCanada 18.6Mexico 15.7China 7.7Japan 4.2EU28 18.2

Principalimports $bnfobIndustrialsupplies 485.8Capitalgoods,excl.vehicles 602.0Consumergoods,excl.vehicles 594.3Vehicles&products 349.2Totalincl.others 2,248.2

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalChina 21.4Canada 13.1Mexico 13.1Japan 5.8EU28 18.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 1,510.3Visibleimportsfob -2,272.9Tradebalance -762.6Invisiblesinflows 1,533.8Invisiblesoutflows -1,089.2Nettransfers -145.0Currentaccountbalance -463.0–as%ofGDP -2.6Capitalbalance 188.9Overallbalance -6.3Changeinreserves -50.7LevelofreservesendDec. 383.7No.monthsofimportcover 1.4Officialgoldholdings,moz 261.5Aidgiven 31.0–as%ofGDP 0.2

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 17.1Doctorsper1,000pop. 2.5Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.9Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.2Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.9Enrolment,%:primary 100

secondary 98tertiary 86

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 124.5Av.no.perhousehold 2.6Marriagesper1,000pop. 6.8Divorcesper1,000pop. 2.8Religion,%ofpop. Christian 78.3Non-religious 16.4Other 2.0Jewish 1.8Muslim 0.9Hindu 0.6

Costofliving,Dec.2016 NewYork=100 100

Carsper1,000pop. 375ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 56.6satellite 29.5

Telephonelinesper100pop. 38.4Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 117.6Broadbandsubsper100pop. 31.0Internetusers,%ofpop. 74.5

VENEZUELAArea,sqkm 912,050Arableas%oftotalland 2.9Capital CaracasCurrency Bolivar(Bs)

PeoplePopulation,m 31.1Pop.persqkm 34.1Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.3Pop.aged0–24,% 45.8Pop.aged70andover,% 3.9No.ofmenper100women 99.1HumanDevelopmentIndex 76.7Lifeexpectancy:men 70.9yrs

women 79.0yrsAdultliteracy 95.4Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.3Urbanpopulation,2020,% 89.3 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 18.5Crudedeathrate 5.7

TheeconomyGDP $260bnGDP Bs6,025bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 0.1%

Av.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 0.1%

OriginsofGDPa

%oftotalAgriculture 6Industry,ofwhich: 42manufacturing 14Services 53GDPperhead $8,363GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

29.5

Economicfreedomindex 27.0

ComponentsofGDPa

%oftotalPrivateconsumption 75Publicconsumption 15Investment 25Exports 17Imports -31

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 7.4Industry 21.3Services 71.1 %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 6.8Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.0

Av.ann.rate2005–15 8.0

Energy mTOETotaloutput 169.5Totalconsumption 82.7Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent ...Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse ...

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 475.8%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 46.9%Moneymarketrate,Dec.2016 0.35% av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 89.0%Broadmoney 61.3%

Exchangerates end2016Bsper$ 9.98Bspersdr 13.41Bsper€ 10.50 December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 32.36–real ...

Trade

Principalexportsb

$bnfobOil 85.6Non-oil 3.2 Total 88.8

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalUnitedStates 35.4India 16.6China 12.9NetherlandsAntilles 8.2

Principalimportsb

$bncifIntermediategoods 25.9Capitalgoods 11.1Consumergoods 8.9Totalincl.others 49.4

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalUnitedStates 23.4China 19.5Brazil 12.4Colombia 7.5

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 37.2Visibleimportsfob -36.5Tradebalance 0.8Invisiblesinflows 2.4Invisiblesoutflows -23.4Nettransfers -0.2Currentaccountbalance -20.4–as%ofGDP -7.8Capitalbalance 18.5Overallbalance -4.5Changeinreserves -5.8LevelofreservesendDec. 15.6No.monthsofimportcover 3.1Officialgoldholdings,moz 8.8Foreigndebt 123.7–as%ofGDP 26–as%oftotalexports 310.8Debtserviceratio 60.3

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 5.3Doctorsper1,000pop. …Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 0.9Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 93.1Educationspending,%ofGDP …Enrolment,%:primary 100

secondary 90tertiary …

tertiary …

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 7.9Av.no.perhousehold 3.9Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.0Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Christian 89.3Non-religious 10.0Muslim 0.3Other 0.3Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 50Carsper1,000pop. 114ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 29.3satellite 5.7

Telephonelinesper100pop. 24.9Mobiletelephonesubscribers

per100pop. 93.0Broadbandsubsper100pop. 8.2Internetusers,%ofpop. 61.9a2014b2013

VIETNAMArea,sqkm 330,967Arableas%oftotalland 20.7Capital HanoiCurrency Dong(D)

PeoplePopulation,m 93.4Pop.persqkm 282.2Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 1.0Pop.aged0–24,% 40.0Pop.aged70andover,% 4.7No.ofmenper100women 97.9HumanDevelopmentIndex 68.3Lifeexpectancy:men 71.7yrs

women 80.8yrsAdultliteracy 94.5Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.8Urbanpopulation,2020,% 36.8

per1,000pop.

Crudebirthrate 16.2Crudedeathrate 5.9

TheeconomyGDP $191bnGDP D4,192trn

GDP D4,192trnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 5.9%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 19Industry,ofwhich: 37manufacturing 15Services 44GDPperhead $2,048GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

10.6

Economicfreedomindex 52.4

ComponentsofGDP %oftotalPrivateconsumption 65Publicconsumption 6Investment 28Exports 90Imports -89

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 43.6Industry 23.1Services 33.3 %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 2.1

Av.ann.rate2005–15 2.2

Energy mTOETotaloutput 43.5Totalconsumption 57.2Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent ...Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse ...

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 2.0%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 6.4%Depositrate,Oct.2016 4.80% av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 17.1%Broadmoney 18.9%

Exchangerates end2016Dper$ 22,159.00Dpersdr 29,789.01Dper€ 23,316.81 December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal ...–real ...

Trade

Principalexports $bnfobTelephones&mobilephones 30.2Textiles&garments 22.8Computers&electronicproducts 15.6Footwear 12.0Totalincl.others 162.0

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalUnitedStates 20.9China 10.4Japan 8.8SouthKorea 5.6

Principalimports $bncifMachinery&equipment 27.6Electronics,computers&parts 23.2Telephones&mobilephones 11.0Textiles 10.2Totalincl.others 165.8

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalChina 28.1SouthKorea 15.7Japan 8.1Taiwan 6.0

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 162.1Visibleimportsfob -154.7Tradebalance 7.4Invisiblesinflows 11.6Invisiblesoutflows -25.8Nettransfers 7.7Currentaccountbalance 0.9–as%ofGDP 0.5Capitalbalance 1.6Overallbalance -6.0Changeinreserves -5.9LevelofreservesendDec. 28.3No.monthsofimportcover 1.9Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Foreigndebt 77.8–as%ofGDP 40.7–as%oftotalexports 41.6Debtserviceratio 3.5

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 7.1Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.2Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 2.0Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 97.6Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.7Enrolment,%:primary 109

Enrolment,%:primary 109secondary …tertiary 29

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 27.1Av.no.perhousehold 3.4Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Other 45.6Non-religious 29.6Buddhist 16.4Christian 8.2Muslim 0.2Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016 NewYork=100 73

Carsper1,000pop. 21ColourTVhouseholds,%with: cable 17.8satellite 19.5

Telephonelinesper100pop. 6.3Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 130.6Broadbandsubsper100pop. 8.1Internetusers,%ofpop. 52.7

ZIMBABWEArea,sqkm 390,757Arableas%oftotalland 10.3Capital HarareCurrency Zimbabwedollar(Z$)a

PeoplePopulation,m 15.6Pop.persqkm 37.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 2.3Pop.aged0–24,% 62.5Pop.aged70andover,% 2.0No.ofmenper100women 97.1HumanDevelopmentIndex 51.6Lifeexpectancy:men 60.8yrs

women 64.0yrsAdultliteracy 86.9Fertilityrate(perwoman) 3.5Urbanpopulation,2020,% 32.2 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 32.4Crudedeathrate 7.8

TheeconomyGDP $14bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 6.3%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 13Industry,ofwhich: 28manufacturing 11Services 59GDPperhead $908GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

3.2

Economicfreedomindex 44.0

ComponentsofGDP %oftotalPrivateconsumption 86Publicconsumption 23Investment 14Exports 26Imports -50

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 67.2Industry 7.4Services 25.4 %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.1Av.ann.rate2005–15 5.4

Energy mTOE Totaloutput 3.2 Totalconsumption 4.0 Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent ... Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse ...

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 -1.6%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 2.8%Treasurybillrate,Dec.2016 … av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) …Broadmoney …

Exchangerates end2016Z$per$ …Z$perSDR …Z$per€ … December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal …–real …

Trade

Principalexportsb

$bnfobGold 0.8Platinum 0.8Tobacco 0.5Ferro-alloys 0.4Totalincl.others 3.4

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalSouthAfrica 70.8Mozambique 15.1UnitedArabEmirates 5.4Zambia 3.4

Principalimportsb

$bncifMachinery&transportequip. 0.5Fuels&lubricants 0.4Manufactures 0.3Chemicals 0.2Totalincl.others 4.7

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalSouthAfrica 46.1Zambia 24.5China 3.9Botswana 3.7

Balanceofpayments,reservesanddebt,$bnVisibleexportsfob 3.6Visibleimportsfob -6.0Tradebalance -2.4Invisiblesinflows 0.6Invisiblesoutflows -1.9Nettransfers 2.1Currentaccountbalance -1.5–as%ofGDP -10.7Capitalbalance 1.3Overallbalance -0.2Changeinreserves 0.1LevelofreservesendDec. 0.4No.monthsofimportcover 0.7Officialgoldholdings,moz 0.0Foreigndebt 8.7–as%ofGDP 60.6–as%oftotalexports 154.6Debtserviceratio 10.9

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 6.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 0.1Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 1.7Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 76.9Educationspending,%ofGDP 8.4Enrolment,%:primary 100

secondary 48tertiary 8

tertiary 8

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m 3.1Av.no.perhousehold 5.0Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop.Christian 87.0Non-religious 7.9Other 4.2Muslim 0.9Hindu <0.1Jewish <0.1

Costofliving,Dec.2016 NewYork=100 …

Carsper1,000pop. 54ColourTVhouseholds,%with: …cable …satellite …

Telephonelinesper100pop. 2.2Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 84.8Broadbandsubsper100pop. 1.1Internetusers,%ofpop. 16.4aZimbabweadoptedamulti-currencysystemin2009.Itsdollarwasdecommissionedinmid-2015.b2014

EUROAREAa

Area,sqkm 2,678,181Arableas%oftotalland 24.4Capital

–

Currency Euro(€)

PeoplePopulation,m 335.2Pop.persqkm 125.2Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20,% 0.1Pop.aged0–24,% 25.7Pop.aged70andover,% 14.4No.ofmenper100women 95.6HumanDevelopmentIndex 89.7Lifeexpectancy:men 79.8yrs

women 84.8yrsAdultliteracy …Fertilityrate(perwoman) 1.6Urbanpopulation,2020,% 76.9 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 9.5Crudedeathrate 10.1

TheeconomyGDP $11,606bn

GDP €10,459bnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 0.7%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 2Industry,ofwhich: 25manufacturing 17Services 72GDPperhead $34,624GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

75.2

Economicfreedomindex 67.1

ComponentsofGDP %oftotal

Privateconsumption 55Publicconsumption 21Investment 20Exports 46Imports -42

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 3.2Industry 23.6Services 72.5 %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 10.8

Unemployed2015 10.8Av.ann.rate2005–15 9.8

Energy mTOETotaloutput ...Totalconsumption 1,077.4Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 3,267Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse ...

InflationandfinanceConsumerpriceinflation2016 0.2%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 3.3%Interbankrate,Dec.2016 -0.35% av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) 8.1%Broadmoney 3.6%

Exchangerates end2016€per$ 0.95€perSDR 1.28

December2016Effectiverates 2010=100–nominal 97.25–real 90.63

Tradeb

Principalexports $bnfobMachinery&transportequip. 678.3Othermanufacturedgoods 363.2Chemicals&relatedproducts 284.1Food,drink&tobacco 102.0Mineralfuels&lubricants 77.1Totalincl.others 1,612.6

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalUnitedStates 20.8China 9.5Switzerland 8.4Turkey 4.4

Principalimports $bncifMachinery&transportequip. 483.8Othermanufacturedgoods 407.0Mineralfuels&lubricants 296.1Chemicals&relatedproducts 167.2Food,drink&tobacco 97.9Totalincl.others 1,558.5

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalChina 20.3UnitedStates 14.4

Russia 7.9Switzerland 5.9

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 2,339.9Visibleimportsfob -1,951.9Tradebalance 388.0Invisiblesinflows 1,570.8Invisiblesoutflows -1,437.6Nettransfers -148.7Currentaccountbalance 372.4–as%ofGDP 3.2Capitalbalance -303.4Overallbalance 42.1Changeinreserves -44.2LevelofreservesendDec. 701.6No.monthsofimportcover 2.5Officialgoldholdings,moz 346.9Aidgiven –as%ofGDP

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 10.4Doctorsper1,000pop. 3.9Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. 5.6Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 99.9Educationspending,%ofGDP 5.3Enrolment,%:primary …

Enrolment,%:primary …secondary …tertiary …

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m,m 152.2Av.no.perhousehold 2.2Marriagesper1,000pop. 3.5Divorcesper1,000pop. 1.8Costofliving,Dec.2016 NewYork=100 …

Carsper1,000pop. 516ColourTVhouseholds,%with:cable 41.0satellite 25.4

Telephonelinesper100pop. 31.0Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 123.8Broadbandsubsper100pop. 37.2Internetusers,%ofpop. 78.3aDatagenerallyrefertothe18EUmembersthathadadoptedtheeuroasatDecember312014:Austria,Belgium,Cyprus,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Portugal,Slovakia,SloveniaandSpain.bEU28,excludingintra-trade.

WORLDArea,sqkm 129,733,173Arableas%oftotalland 10.9Capital …Currency …

PeoplePopulation,m 7,349.5Pop.persqkm 49.4Averageannualgrowthinpop.2015–20 1.1Pop.aged0–24,% 42.3Pop.aged70andover,% 5.3No.ofmenper100women 101.8HumanDevelopmentIndex 71.7Lifeexpectancy:men 69.5yrs

women 73.9yrsAdultliteracy 86.2Fertilityrate(perwoman) 2.5Urbanpopulation,2020,% 56.2 per1,000pop.Crudebirthrate 18.6Crudedeathrate 7.8

TheeconomyGDP $74.2trnAv.ann.growthinrealGDP2010–15 2.6%

OriginsofGDP %oftotalAgriculture 4Industry,ofwhich: 28manufacturing 15Services 68GDPperhead $10,095GDPperheadinpurchasingpowerparity(USA=100)

29.3

Economicfreedomindex 58.4

ComponentsofGDP %oftotalPrivateconsumption 58Publicconsumption 17Investment 24Exports 30Imports -29

Structureofemployment %oftotalAgriculture 19.8Industry 28.8Services 51.4 %oflabourforceUnemployed2015 5.7Av.ann.rate2005–15 5.9

Energy mTOETotaloutput 12,546.5Totalconsumption 13,643.0Consumptionperheadkgoilequivalent 1,929Netenergyimportsas%ofenergyuse -2.5

InflationandfinanceConsumerprice inflation2016 2.8%Av.ann.inflation2011–16 2.8%LIBOR$rate,3-month,Dec.2016 0.98% av.ann.increase2011–16Narrowmoney(M1) Broadmoney

Trade

Worldexports $bnfobManufactures 11,404.3Fuels 2,105.2Food 1,508.4

Mainexportdestinations %oftotalUnitedStates 13.1China 8.7Germany 6.4UnitedKingdom 3.9

UnitedKingdom 3.9Japan 3.6 $bnfobOres&minerals 729.3Agricuturalrawmaterials 248.6Totalincl.others 16,576.1

Mainoriginsofimports %oftotalChina 13.9UnitedStates 8.7Germany 7.9Japan 4.2France 3.2

Balanceofpayments,reservesandaid,$bnVisibleexportsfob 16,082Visibleimportsfob -15,648Tradebalance 434Invisiblesinflows 8,413Invisiblesoutflows -8,296Nettransfers -231Currentaccountbalance 320–as%ofGDP 0.4Capitalbalance ...Overallbalance ...Changeinreserves -839LevelofreservesendDec. 12,383No.monthsofimportcover 6.2

No.monthsofimportcover 6.2Officialgoldholdings,moz 1,053Aidgiven –as%ofGDP

HealthandeducationHealthspending,%ofGDP 10Doctorsper1,000pop. 1.5Hospitalbedsper1,000pop. …Improved-watersourceaccess,%ofpop. 91.0Educationspending,%ofGDP 4.7Enrolment,%:primary 105

secondary 75tertiary 35

SocietyNo.ofhouseholds,m,m 2,012.2Av.no.perhousehold 3.7Marriagesper1,000pop. …Divorcesper1,000pop. …Religion,%ofpop. Christian 31.5Muslim 23.2Non-religious 16.3Hindu 15.0Other 13.8Jewish 0.2

Costofliving,Dec.2016

NewYork=100 …Carsper1,000pop. 132ColourTVhouseholds,%with:cable …satellite …

Telephonelinesper100pop. 12.6Mobiletelephonesubscribersper100pop. 106.6Broadbandsubsper100pop. 18.0Internetusers,%ofpop. 48.0aOECDcountries.

WORLDRANKINGSQUIZ

Testyourknowledgewithournewworldrankingsquiz.Answerscanbefoundonthepagesindicated.

Geographyanddemographics

1Whichcountryisthelargest(bylandarea)?aBrazilbChinacUnitedStatesdAustraliapage12

2France’smarineterritoryis20timesitslandarea,trueorfalse?aTruebFalsepage12

3Overhalftheworld’smountainshigherthan8,000mareinNepal.aTruebFalsepage13

4Whichriverislongest?aYangtzebAmazoncMississippipage13

5Whichdesertisthelargest?aSyrianbGreatBasincPatagonianpage13

6WhichisthelargestoftheGreatLakes?aMichiganbSuperiorcHuronpage13

7Whichofthesehasapopulationunder50m?aColombiabSouthKoreacTanzaniadTurkeypage14

8Afghanistanhasafaster-growingpopulationthanNigeria.aTruebFalsepage15

9Outofthese,whichhasthemosttotalbirths?aAngolabGermanycJapandUnitedKingdompage16

10UkrainehasalowerfertilityratethanGermany.

aTruebFalsepage17

11Whichofthesehasthehighestproportionofpeopleovertheageof70?aAustriabItalycJapandSpainpage18

12WhichcityinLatinAmericahasthebiggestpopulation?aBuenosAiresbLimacMexicoCitydSãoPaulopage19

13Outofthese,whichhasthefastestrateofurbangrowth?aNigeriabRussiacUgandadUkrainepage20

14Thiscountryistheworld’sbiggestsourceofmigrants.aMexicobIndiacAfghanistandBangladeshpage22

Economicsandbusiness

1Howmanyofthetoptenfastest-growingeconomiesin1995–2005remainedsooverthenextdecade?aOnebThreecFivedEightpages30–1

2Whichcountryexperiencedthebiggestdeclineinservicesoutputover2007–15?aBahamasbGreececItalydJapanpage32

3WhichcountryscoreslowestontheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme’sHumanDevelopmentIndex?aYemenbCentralAfricanRep.cSouthSudandAfghanistanpage28

4OntheHumanDevelopmentIndex,Icelandranksninth,butadjustedforinequality,itsrankingrisesto:aFirstbSixthcSeconddFourthpage29

5Whichnon-Asiancountryreceivesthehighestlevelofremittancesfromworkersinforeigncountries?aMexicobEgyptcGermanydFrancepage36

6Whichcurrencywasmostundervaluedagainstthedollarin2016?aHongKongbChinacIndiapage37

7Outofthese,whichhasthehighestforeigndebt?aIndonesiabMalaysiacSouthKoreadTaiwanpage40

8Whichofthesehasthehighestproportionalhouseholddebt?aFinlandbIrelandcSwedendUnitedKingdompage41

9Whichcountryreceivedthemostforeignaidperperson?aJordanbLebanoncSyriadWestBank&Gazapage42

10Ethiopiahadthehighestgrowthinindustrialoutputbetween2007–15.aTruebFalsepage44

11Whichcountrydependsmostonagriculture?aMalibLiberiacChaddKenyapage46

12Whichcountryproducesthemostcoffee?aBrazilbColombiacVietnamdIndonesiapage49

13GermanyaccountsformorethanafifthofzincconsumptionintheEU28.aTruebFalse14Whichcountryproducesmostenergy?

aCanadabIndonesiacAustraliadIndia15JapanisabiggernetenergyimporterthanIraq.

aTruebFalse16Whichcountryhasthehighestlabour-forceparticipationrate?

aQatarbRwandacGreecedItaly17AhigherproportionofwomenareworkinginLatviathaninLithuania.

aTruebFalse18Theaverageworkingweekislongestin:

aTurkeybPerucEgyptdHongKong19AgreaterproportionofworkersinMaliearnlessthan$2perdaythaninZimbabwe.

aTruebFalse20Overhalfoftheworld’s20mostexpensivecitiesforofficerentsareinAsia.

aTruebFalsepage59

21Whichcountryhasthehighestforeigndirectinvestmentinflows?aGermanybUnitedKingdomcIrelanddNetherlandspage59

22WhichEuropeancountrytiedwithVenezuelaforthehighestbrain-drainscore?aRomaniabMoldovacMacedoniadSerbiapage60

23WhichcountryspendsthehighestpercentageofGDPonresearchanddevelopment?aUnitedStatesbIsraelcSouthKoreadJapanpage61

24Onanindexofinnovation,whichcountryscoreshighest?aSwedenbHongKongcUnitedStatesdSwitzerlandpage61

25Amazon’smarketcapitalisationisbiggerthanMicrosoft’s.aTruebFalsepage62

Politicsandsociety

1Whereisprimaryschoolenrolmentlowest?aSenegalbMalicSyriadSudanpage68

2Whichcountryhasthelowestadultliteracyrate?aChadbAfghanistancNigeriadBeninpage69

3Whichcountryhasthelowestmarriagerate?aIcelandbKuwaitcNetherlandsdQatarpage70

4Whichcountryhasthehighestdivorcerate?aCubabDenmarkcRussiadUnitedStatespage71

5Inyears,whatisthemeanageofmarriageinIndia?a16.7b17.8c18.2d19.5

page71

6Whereisthebiggestaveragehouseholdsize?

aIraqbLibyacPakistandOmanpage72

7ThecostoflivingishigherinNorwaythaninFrance.aTruebFalsepage73

8Whichcountryisthemostgenerous?aUnitedStatesbMyanmarcSwedendSriLankapage73

9Carusehasgrownmostinthepast20yearsin:aArgentinabBelaruscCanadadKuwaitpage76

10GermanyhasabiggermerchantfleetthantheUnitedStates.aTruebFalsepage80

11Whichcountryhadthemostterroristincidentsin2015?aSyriabLibyacIndiadEgyptpage83

12Whichcountryemitsthemostcarbondioxideperperson?aPolandbQatarcRussiadUnitedStatespage85

13Whichofthesecountrieshasthemostforestedland?aBoliviabColombiacMexicodPerupage87

14Whichcountryhasthemostdams?aChinabIndiacSpaindUnitedStatespage88

15TheUKhasabetterenvironmentalrankingthanDenmark.aTruebFalsepage89

Healthandwelfare

1Whichofthesecountrieshasthehighestlifeexpectancy?aAndorrabFinlandcHongKongdIsraelpage90

2PeopleintheUnitedStateslivelongerthanpeopleintheUSVirginIslands.aTruebFalsepage90

3InSwazilandlifeexpectancyislowerforwomenthanmen.aTruebFalsepage91

4Whichofthesecountrieshasthehighestdeathrate?aBelarusbHungarycRomaniadRussiapage92

5Whichcountryhasthehighestinfantmortalityrate?aAngolabBurundicChaddMalipage93

6Diabetesprevalenceishighestin:aQatarbKuwaitcMauritiusdMalaysiapage94

7Whichcountryhasthehigherincidenceofcardiovasculardisease?aBelarusbGeorgiacRussiadUkrainepage94

8Whichcountryhasthehighestrateofdeathscausedbyrespiratorydisease?aBangladeshbChinacIndiadPakistanpage94

9HIV/AIDSismostprevalentinwhichcountry?aBotswanabLesothocSouthAfricadSwazilandpage95

10ZimbabwehasahigherdeathratefromAIDSthanSouthAfrica.aTruebFalsepage95

11HealthspendingislowerinSouthSudanthaninCongo-Kinshasa.aTruebFalsepage96

12Wherehasobesitygrownmost?aUnitedStatesbSouthAfricacOmandEgyptpage97

13Whichcountryhasthegreatestfooddeficit?aHaitibNorthKoreacZimbabwedEthiopiapage97

Cultureandentertainment

1GermanyhasmorelandlinetelephonesperpersonthanFrance.aTruebFalsepage98

2Whichcountrypublishesthemostnewbooksperperson?aSpainbFrancecDenmarkdItalypage100

3Whichofthesehasthemosttotalvisitstothecinema?aBrazilbJapancRussiadSouthKoreapage101

4TheFrenchmakemorevisitstothecinemathantheBritish.aTruebFalsepage101

5Whichcountryhastheleast-freepress?aChinabEritreacNorthKoreadSaudiArabiapage102

6WhichcountryhasproducedmostNobelprizewinners?aCanadabRussiacSwedendFrancepage103

7Tennis’sDavisCuphasbeenwonmostby:aGermanybArgentinacFrancedSwedenpage104

8WhichcountryhasbeenthemoreefficientgoldmedalwinneratsummerOlympicgames?aUnitedStatesbChinacSovietUniondEastGermanypage105

9Whichcountryconsumesthemostbeerperperson?aAustriabCzechRepubliccGermanydPolandpage106

10AmericansarebiggertouristspendersthantheChinese.aTruebFalsepage107

11Whichofthesehasmoresmokersperperson?aBelarusbChinacLebanondRussiapage106

12Whichofthesesawthemosttouristarrivals?aGermanybRussiacTurkeydUnitedKingdompage107

13Australiasawthemostgamblinglossesperperson.aTruebFalsepage106

14TheUnitedStateshasahighercirculationofnewspapersthanJapan.aTruebFalsepage102

Glossary

BalanceofpaymentsTherecordofacountry’stransactionswiththerestoftheworld.Thecurrentaccountofthebalanceofpaymentsconsistsof:visibletrade(goods);“invisible”trade(servicesandincome);privatetransferpayments(eg,remittancesfromthoseworkingabroad);officialtransfers(eg,paymentstointernationalorganisations,faminerelief).Visibleimportsandexportsarenormallycompiledonratherdifferentdefinitionstothoseusedinthetradestatistics(showninprincipalimportsandexports)andthereforethestatisticsdonotmatch.Thecapitalaccountconsistsoflong-andshort-termtransactionsrelatingtoacountry’sassetsandliabilities(eg,loansandborrowings).Thecurrentandcapitalaccounts,plusanerrorsandomissionsitem,makeuptheoverallbalance.Changesinreservesincludegoldatmarketpricesandareshownwithoutthepracticeoftenfollowedinbalanceofpaymentspresentationsofreversingthesign.

BigMacindexAlight-heartedwayoflookingatexchangerates.IfthedollarpriceofaburgeratMcDonald’sinanycountryishigherthanthepriceintheUnitedStates,convertingatmarketexchangerates,thenthatcountry’scurrencycouldbethoughttobeovervaluedagainstthedollarandviceversa.

Body-massindexAmeasureforassessingobesity–weightinkilogramsdividedbyheightinmetressquared.Anindexof30ormoreisregardedasanindicatorofobesity;25to29.9asoverweight.Guidelinesvaryformenandforwomenandmaybeadjustedforage.

CFACommunautéFinancièreAfricaine.Itsmembers,mostofthefrancophoneAfricannations,shareacommoncurrency,theCFAfranc,peggedtotheeuro.

Cif/fobMeasuresofthevalueofmerchandisetrade.Importsincludethecostof“carriage,insuranceandfreight”(cif)fromtheexportingcountrytotheimporting.Thevalueofexportsdoesnotincludetheseelementsandisrecorded“freeonboard”(fob).Balanceofpaymentsstatisticsaregenerallyadjustedsothatbothexportsandimportsareshownfob;thecifelementsareincludedininvisibles.

CISistheCommonwealthofIndependentStates,includingGeorgia,TurkmenistanandUkraine.

CrudebirthrateThenumberoflivebirthsinayearper1,000population.Thecruderatewillautomaticallyberelativelyhighifalargeproportionofthepopulationisofchildbearingage.

CrudedeathrateThenumberofdeathsinayearper1,000population.Alsoaffectedbythepopulation’sagestructure.

Debt,foreignFinancialobligationsowedbyacountrytotherestoftheworldandrepayableinforeigncurrency.Thedebtserviceratioisdebtservice(principalrepaymentsplusinterestpayments)expressedasapercentageofthecountry’searningsfromexportsofgoodsandservices.

Debt,householdAllliabilitiesthatrequirepaymentofinterestorprincipalinthefuture.

EconomicFreedomIndexTherankingincludesdataonlabourandbusinessfreedomaswellastradepolicy,taxation,monetarypolicy,thebankingsystem,foreign-investmentrules,propertyrights,governmentspending,regulationpolicy,thelevelofcorruptionandtheextentofwageandpricecontrols.

EffectiveexchangerateThenominalindexmeasuresacurrency’sdepreciation(figuresbelow100)orappreciation(figuresover100)fromabasedateagainstatrade-weightedbasketofthecurrenciesofthecountry’smaintradingpartners.Therealeffectiveexchangeratereflectsadjustmentsforrelativemovementsinpricesorcosts.

EUEuropeanUnion.Membersare:Austria,Belgium,Bulgaria,Croatia,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Poland,Portugal,Romania,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,SwedenandtheUnitedKingdom.

EuroareaThe19euroareamembersoftheEUareAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Portugal,Slovakia,SloveniaandSpain.Theircommoncurrencyistheeuro.

FertilityrateTheaveragenumberofchildrenborntoawomanwhocompletesherchildbearingyears.

G7Groupofsevencountries:UnitedStates,Japan,Germany,UnitedKingdom,France,ItalyandCanada.

GDPGrossdomesticproduct.Thesumofalloutputproducedbyeconomicactivitywithinacountry.GNP(grossnationalproduct)andGNI(grossnationalincome)includenetincomefromabroad,eg,rent,profits.

ImportcoverThenumberofmonthsofimportscoveredbyreserves,ie,reserves÷1.12annualimports(visiblesandinvisibles).

InflationTheannualrateatwhichpricesareincreasing.Themostcommonmeasureandtheoneshownhereistheincreaseintheconsumerpriceindex.

LifeexpectancyTheaveragelengthoftimeababyborntodaycanexpecttolive.

LiteracyisdefinedbyUNESCOastheabilitytoreadandwriteasimplesentence,butdefinitionscanvaryfromcountrytocountry.

MedianageDividestheagedistributionintotwohalves.Halfofthepopulationisaboveandhalfbelowthemedianage.

MoneysupplyAmeasureofthe“money”availabletobuygoodsandservices.Variousdefinitionsexist.ThemeasuresshownherearebasedondefinitionsusedbytheIMFandmaydifferfrommeasuresusednationally.Narrowmoney(M1)consistsofcashincirculationanddemanddeposits(bankdepositsthatcanbewithdrawnondemand).“Quasi-money”(time,savingsandforeigncurrencydeposits)isaddedtothistocreatebroadmoney.

OECDOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment.The“richcountries”clubwasestablishedin1961topromoteeconomicgrowthandtheexpansionofworldtrade.ItisbasedinParisandnowhas35membersfromJuly1st2016,whenLatviajoined.

OfficialreservesThestockofgoldandforeigncurrencyheldbyacountrytofinanceanycallsthatmaybemadeforthesettlementofforeigndebt.

OpecSetupin1960andbasedinVienna,Opecismainlyconcernedwithoilpricingandproductionissues.Thecurrentmembers(2017)are:Algeria,Angola,Ecuador,EquatorialGuinea,Gabon,Iran,Iraq,Kuwait,Libya,Nigeria,Qatar,SaudiArabia,UnitedArabEmiratesandVenezuela.

PPPPurchasingpowerparity.PPPstatisticsadjustforcostoflivingdifferencesbyreplacingnormalexchangerateswithratesdesignedtoequalisethepricesofastandard“basket”ofgoodsandservices.TheseareusedtoobtainPPPestimatesofGDPperhead.PPPestimatesareshownonanindex,takingtheUnitedStatesas100.

RealtermsFiguresadjustedtoexcludetheeffectofinflation.

SDRSpecialdrawingright.Thereservecurrency,introducedbytheIMFin1970,wasintendedtoreplacegoldandnationalcurrenciesinsettlinginternationaltransactions.TheIMFusesSDRsforbook-keepingpurposesandissuesthemtomembercountries.TheirvalueisbasedonabasketoftheUSdollar(withaweightof41.73%),theeuro(30.93%),theChineserenminbi(10.92%),theJapaneseyen(8.33%),andthepoundsterling(8.09%).

Listofcountries

Sources

AcademyofMotionPicturesAFMResearchAirportsCouncilInternational,WorldwideAirportTrafficReport

BankofEastAsiaBloombergBP,StatisticalReviewofWorldEnergy

CAF,TheWorldGivingIndexCBRE,GlobalPrimeOfficeOccupancyCostsCentralbanksCentralIntelligenceAgency,TheWorldFactbookCompanyreportsCornellUniversityCouncilofTallBuildingsandUrbanHabitatTheEconomist,www.economist.com

EconomistIntelligenceUnit,CostofLivingSurvey;CountryForecasts;CountryReports;LiveabilityIndex

EncyclopaediaBritannicaEuromonitorInternationalEurostat,StatisticsinFocus

FIFAFinanceministriesFoodandAgricultureOrganisationGlobalDemocracyRankingGlobalEntrepreneurshipMonitorGlobalTerrorismDatabase,UniversityofMarylandGovernmentstatistics

H2GamblingCapitalTheHeritageFoundation,IndexofEconomicFreedomHolmanFenwickWillan

IFPIIMD,WorldCompetitivenessYearbookIMF,InternationalFinancialStatistics;WorldEconomicOutlookINSEADInstituteforCriminalPolicyResearchInternationalCivilAviationOrganisationInternationalCocoaOrganisation,QuarterlyBulletinofCocoaStatistics

InternationalCoffeeOrganisationInternationalCommissiononLargeDamsInternationalCottonAdvisoryCommittee,MarchBulletin

InternationalCricketCouncilInternationalDiabetesFederation,DiabetesAtlasInternationalGrainsCouncilInternationalInstituteforStrategicStudies,MilitaryBalanceInternationalLabourOrganisationInternationalOlympicCommitteeInternationalOrganisationofMotorVehicleManufacturersInternationalPublishersAssociationInternationalRubberStudyGroup,RubberStatisticalBulletin

InternationalSugarOrganisation,StatisticalBulletinInternationalTelecommunicationUnion,ITUIndicatorsInternationalUnionofRailwaysInter-ParliamentaryUnion

JohnsonMatthey

McDonald’s

NationalInstituteofStatisticsandEconomicStudiesNationalstatisticsofficesNobelFoundation

OECD,DevelopmentAssistanceCommitteeReport;EconomicOutlook;GovernmentataGlance;OECD.Stat;RevenueStatistics

PewResearchCentre,TheGlobalReligiousLandscapePopulationReferenceBureauProgressiveMedia

ReportersWithoutBorders,PressFreedomIndex

SovereignWealthFundInstituteStockholmInternationalPeaceResearchInstituteSwissRe

SwissRe

TaiwanStatisticalDataBookTheTimes,AtlasoftheWorldThomsonReuters

UN,DemographicYearbook;NationalAccounts;StateofWorldPopulationReport;WorldFertilityReport

UNCTAD,ReviewofMaritimeTransport;WorldInvestmentReportUNCTAD/WTOInternationalTradeCentreUNDevelopmentProgramme,HumanDevelopmentReport

UNESCOInstituteforStatisticsUNHighCommissionerforRefugeesUNOfficeonDrugsandCrime

UN,PopulationDivisionUNAIDSUSDepartmentofAgricultureUSEnergyInformationAdministrationUSFederalAviationAdministrationVisionofhumanity.org

WHO,GlobalHealthObservatory;GlobalImmunisationData;WorldHealthStatistics

WorldAnti-DopingAgencyWorldBank,DoingBusiness;GlobalDevelopmentFinance;MigrationandRemittancesData;WorldDevelopmentIndicators;WorldDevelopmentReport

WorldBureauofMetalStatistics,WorldMetalStatisticsWorldEconomicForum,GlobalCompetitivenessReportWorldFederationofExchangesWorldHealthOrganisationWorldIntellectualPropertyOrganizationWorldTourismOrganisation,YearbookofTourismStatistics

WorldTradeOrganisation,AnnualReport

YaleUniversity