POISO ED LETTUCESCANDAL SWEEPSu. A DCA ADA

• UNION HeARS \()RKER'S DEMANDS••••3

• GEORGE MeANY BLASTS TEAMSTERS ••••3

• CALEXICO CLINIC: SERVI~l3 THE PEOPlE••••2• CESAR, D'ARRIGO STRIKERS WELL-RECEIVED ACROSS THE U. S•••••6• CLINIC PRCXJRAM FOR ARAB MEMBERS ••••10

.. EL ML\LCRIADO COOITIEES ADVANCE••••11

• EDITORIAL: ARRffiANCE OF THE GROWERS••••15ALSO: Local News (4-5), Boycott News (6-71, Labor &Movement News (13), and More .... ,

In This Issue:Photo: Chris Sanchez

SI SE AJ8)E

photos: Cristi Willison

SI SE PUEDE, a new film about the UnitedFarm Workers. has been enthusiastically re­ceived wherever it has been shown.

The film depicts the beginning of the currentstruggle for farm worker rights in Arizona.emphasizing Cesar Chavez's 24 day fast lastMay and June.

Inquiries about the film should be addressedto: Farm Worker Fund. P.O., Box 62. Keene,California 93531.

from Calexico Clinic field worker Yolanda Leal.

Since then. the patient and his whole familyare under careful watch. The medicines aremany and complex, but with the encouragementof his wife. Ramon Landeros follows the in­structions. Now he feels much better and bycontinuing the anitbiotics against t.b., will hope­fully continue to improve.

Ramon says, "I lacked confidence a littleat first, but I was always sure that everything would work out well. I had not beenworking for two years. but the Union andthe clinic helped me.

"1 respect the doctor as much as anyonecan. They helped me greatly, and I say thisfor my children, not me."

His wife: "All that we struggled and paidin that sanatorium--over a hundred dollars-­and it did nothing for Ramon. Then when wecame to the clinic here everything was donefor him. Now fifteen days after the last opera­tion it looks like he is winning little by little."

Ramon Landeros & family.

Leonore Sanchez with her mother, Matilde.

Ramon Landeros gets tuberculosis skin test

Back at home, his condition fluctuated frombeing under control to being nearly intolerable.Due to increasing pressure in his head. Mr.Landeros was admitted once more to the Uni­versiy hospital where a spcial plastic tubewas placed under the skin to relieve the pressureinside his head. The estimated cost of theannention and surgery he received totals morethan $3.000.

by Cristi Willison

Calexico Clinic:

Servingthe People

by Cristi Willison

CALEXICO, California--Ramon Landeros wasseen by Dr. Cummings in early August of lastyear because of severe headaches and nausea.He had suffered these problems for over ayear.

In the first several days he was seen dailyas the doctor tried to relieve his pain as wellas make a sure diagnosis. The many examsand analysis seemed to point to tubercularmeningitis, and he was started on antibioticsfor tuberculosis.

The Union arranged his admittance at theUCLA Medical School, and they conCluded thatit must be tuberculosis. Ramon returned homeand continued treatment.

-CALEXICO. California--Lenor Sanchez ca-me

with her mother to the clinic in June of 1972,the first week it wa,s open in Calexico. Shewas a tbirte~n-year-old girl who looked seven,and weighed just 49 pounds. In her first yearof life she had had pneumonia and since thenhad always been sick with continual lung in­fections.

Her parents knew she had heart problemsbut could not afford the expensive operationsrecommended by Mexican physicians. Two daysafter she was seen in the Calexico clinic,she was referred to a consulting heart special­ist from the University Medical School atSan Diego.

He further defined the characteristics of hercongential heart ,failure. The UCLA Medicalschool agreed to perform heart surgery, anda month later Lenor was back home, vastlyimproved. DependinZ upon her progress. thedoctors will decide if she needs another opera­tion in the future.

Lenore's mother, Matilde. told us: "They tookLeonor to a room where they showed films toexplain the operation. They showed her X-raysso she would know what was going to happenand so she wouldn't be afraid. And she wasn'tafraid of anything.

"The doctor told me that there was anartery with a hole that took blood from thehejt and dumped it directly in the lungs. Thiscaused the high blood pressure that she had,and made the operation difficult. It lasted sevenhours and needed six surgeons.

"Before, she would cry often from the painand she didn't get outside to play or go to schoolfor nearly a year. She has gained fifteen poundssicne the operation and now eats and plays well. II

2. EL MALCRIADO • March 9, 1973

,...

divide the United Farm Workers. For thisreason, CESAR has assigned MANUEL CHAVEZto personally meet with workers in the fieldsand to hear from farm workers their opinionsabout what action we should take to defendand fight for our rights. Viva the United FarmWorkers. PREPARE YOUR DEMANDS.

"Don't be afraid of Juan Gomez." shout La Victoria strikers and Unionmembers as they picket the courthous and the offices of the Sheriff'sDepartment in Salinas. Two days later, 51 strikers were arrestedfor violating a court order prohibiting mass picketing against DaveWalsh Co.

aptly explained in the following leaflet whichis being distributed throughout the ImperialValley:

"FRAUD AND CONSPIRACY. The growersand their Teamsters Union continue with theirplan of abuses and threats against farm workersin an attempt to force them to sign and to

Union Hears Workers'DemandsCALEXICO, California--Manuel Chavez, who

has been assigned by Union Director CesarChavez to meet personally with farm workersin the Imperial Valley, told EL MALCRIADOFebruary 27 that he has visited more than2,000 workers so far.

He said the purpose of the campaign, whichstarted February 20, is to hear the workers'demands concerning the direction our movementshould take in its struggle against the fraudand conspiracy of the growers and Teamsters.

Manuel explained that not one Teamster or­ganizer has had the courag to stay in the fieldwhen he arrives, accompanied by 0'Arrigostrikers and other Union organizers: "Thegrowers and their supervisors are gettingscared because they are finally realizing thatthe Teamsters cannot stop us."

Manuel Chavez and Union organizer MarshallGanz were arrested "for trespassing" February22 as they talked to workers at the AndrewsF arm located in the Holtville area on MainlineAvenue. The company is one of the ones thathas signed a sweetheart contract with theTeamsters. The workers there left the fieldsfor two and a half hours to protest the arrests.

The workers reported that after the incident,an angry Teamster organizer came into thefield and shouted at them, "If you want Chavez'union you can keep it."

According to Manuel, the Teamsters are nolonger visiting the fields, but rather waituntil payday and go to the cnuntil payday and go to the companies' offices,where the workers are forced to attend ameeting at which they are threatened withbeing fired if they do't sign up.

Many workers are coming to the Union officein Calexico to sign up as Union members andto protest Teamster actions. They say theydon't want the Teamsters and prefer "Chavez'union."

Several growers have penalized workers fortalking with Manuel. In one asparagus ranch,a grower suspended a whole crew for twodays.

Everywhere Manuel goes, growers and super­visors threaten him with arrest. But he con­tinues and the theme remains the same as

LAOOR COmMCTeR STOPS SCABBI f'lJ

up scabbing at 0'Arrigo after he was confrontedFebruary 17 by 35 0'Arrigo strikers who toldhim his crews would be picketed everywherein the Imperial Valley. He was told the moneyhe was making by trying to break the strikewith his crews was the same as food takenfrom the mouths of strikers' children.

The 0'Arrigo strikers have re-organizedthemselves for greater effectiveness: VictorLucero, Calexico Strike Captain, with AlfonsoVillalobos, Gregorio Martinez, and ArnolfoIribe group captains; and Martilde Fiderico,BraWley Strike, Captain, with Antonio Uribe,Jose M. Magdaleno and CIlserio Perazah groupcaptains.

CALEXICO, California -- Labor contractorJuan Barreta, Jr. of the Imperial Valley gave

Union Sues Company, ContractorFor $1.1 Million

SALINAS, California--Seventy·five La Vic­toria strikers and Union members picketed infront of the Monterrey court house and Sher­iff's Department February 21, while Union attor­ney Bill Carder announced a $1.1 million law­suit against the Dave Walsh Company (whichowns the La Victoria Ranch) and labor con­tractor Juan Gomez.

The lawsuit, charging the Walsh Co. andGomez with assault and battery, asks for$lqO,150 in general damages stemming froman incident February 9 in which Juan Gomezand a group of men and women attacked JerryKay, Odilon Gracia, Jack Deaton, Alberto Mar­garito and Rodolfo Margarito.

$1,005,000 in punitive damages are beingsought for "malicious interference with theconstitutional strikers' right to picket" thecompany and Gomez.

Jerry Kay, Director of the Union Filed Of­fice in Salinas, presented petitions bearinghundreds of names asking that Juan Gomezbe prosecuted and tht his labor contractor'slicense be suspended.

According to Antonio Guevara, Presidentof the La Victoria Ranch Committee, JuanGomez is the largest labor contractor breakingthe strike against the Dave Walsh Company."He broke the strike against the tomato com­pany Brown and Hill and now he wants to dothe s~me here," said Antonio.

The Dave Walsh Company, which produces3trawberries, refuses to re-negotiate a new con­tract with the Union and recently sent a letterto the strikers inviting them to become scabsand promising better conditions--butwithouttheUnion. "So we know the company is only tryingto fool us," said Antonio.

MEANY BlASTS ~STERS

AFL~CIO PreSident George Meany blastedthe Teamsters Union for their sweetheart con­tracts with the California lettuce industry ata press conference recently in Miami Beach,Florida. "Frankly, I am quite disappointed,"he said, "because the Teamsters, after all,represent American workers and I would liketo feel that they were a good trade union.but the agreement they made with the growersrecently in California, to me is just tantamountto strike breaking. From a trade union pOintof view, what they have cbne is absolutelydisgraceful."

March 9, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 3

D'ARRIGO HIRING ILLEGALS?

United Farm WorkersSanta Maria, California

"sI SE AJEDE" To BE SHOWN

Santos SanchezPedro BellaCresencio RenterfaBalterio RodrfguezCelestino ContrarasBernabe RamfrezMagdaleno MataEusebio CamposFrancisco QuintanaAntonio VillasenorAsencion GarciaNancy LeonSebastian ZamoraEd KrugerMelqufades RamfrezBenito Felix

Julian SanchezMagdaleno CorreaRoman EsquivelEstela Lc>pezLuis CondeEsteban LopezErnesto LoredoManuel PonceJose PalomoAbel SalazarJoe BaldwinAmadeo SernaJuanita MadridMarra A. MartfnezJosephina GalindoLeobardo Renterra

Imperial Valley

EL CENTRO, California--A total of 1,476illegal aliens were arrested in the El Centroarea in January by immigration and customsagents, an increase of 82 percent over theprevious January, according to immigration of­ficer Henry C. Felchlin.

Many believe that such a dramatic increaseis due in part to the use of illegals by D'Arrigoin an attempt to break the United Farm Workers's trike against him here.

The strike has been active for several monthsnow, and recently dozens of strikers left fore astern cities to boycott D' Arrigo productsthere.

EL MALCRIADO CavMITIEE

IN TULARE COUNTYby Jesus Martinez

by Jesus MartinezThe EL MALCRIADO committee of the TulareCounty will show the film .. SI SE PUEDE"on March 8. Place: Memorial Building,Poplar, California. Time: 7:00 p.m. No ad­mission will be charged. All are invited.

The theme of the film: Farm Workersorganize for dignity and justice in Arizona;Cesar Chavez and farm workers receive thesupport of Joseph Kennedy, Jr. , Mrs. MartinLuther King, Jr. and Senator George McGovern.Farm workers join the picketlines as theyleave the fields to join La Causa. We hopeto see you March 8.

Thanks to the above sisters and brothers,it was possible to seir'750 issues of ELMALCRIADO, February 23,1973, in TulareCounty. This means they gave of their valuabletime so that our newspaper could reach 750farm worker homes.

We no longer want the Teamsters Union tohold us up for extortion. Because, with extor­tion, the only ones that come out Winning arethe Teamsters and the growers. The farmworkers know what the Teamsters are. Wedo not need them, and we do not want themin the fields.2. We, the farm workers, indict the TeamstersUnion for fraud, First for collecting dues with­out our consent. Secondly, we set forth ourindictment for the harm caused to us and ourfamilies.3.We, the farm workers, demand liberty ofrights. In doing this, we specify our repud­iation of the Teamsters for their meddlingin the fields. It is very apparent that thisUnion does not represent any future for us.Noone who is a farm worker should signwith the Teamsters.4. We, the farm workers indict the Teamstersfor all the above doings, and we further demandthat the dues they have taken be returnedin their total sum.

A man lives of his labor. and it is not justthat someone else steals what he, with somuch sacrifice, has earned to support hisfamily.

"TRAMPS" MAKE ~b DIFFERENCES

SAYS SAFEWAY MANAGERSANTA MARIA, Calif.- The "tramps out frontmake no difference" to the business of theSafeway store in the center of Santa Maria,according to Ed Rose, manager.

"Most of our customers don't say anything.They don't want to get involved," Rose toldEl Malcriado.

Although reports from Los Angeles indicateSafeway stores in that area are experiencingmeasurable losses as a result of UFW picket­ing, Rose says his store is an exception.

"The picketing actions are revolting," Rosesaid. "They boo our customers, and the cus­tomers can't read their signs anyway becausethey are in Spanish."

Pictures of the boycott line show manysigns in English, according to Paulino Pacheco,head of the Santa Maria UFWU office._ "We intend to communicate with all thepeople in Santa Maria, those who speak Spanish.:and those who speak English. We have signsin both languages," Pacheco said.

Rose indicated the signs were on all south­ern California stores, but he "didn't know"about stores in northern California.

Rose said Santa Maria police "keep thingsquiet here."

According to Pacheco, police have "neverinterfered with the union boycott lines at thelocal Safeway "because we help our picketsunderstand the union's principle of non­violence."

alupe February 20 at Tani Farms.Paulino Pacheco, director of the Santa Maria

office for the United Farm Workers Union,Manuel Echavarria and Luis Ayala, both org­anizers for the union, were arrested by theSanta- Barbara County Sheriff's officers on twocharges of trespassing while talking to farmworkers at Tani Farms.

All three men pleaded innocent in Guad­alupe Justice Court February 21 where judgeRobert Stewart continued the arraignment hear­ing until March 5 when union lawyer BillCarder will represent them.

"OUR DEJv1ANDS"1. We demand the Teamsters Union get outof 'the fields. We make public our protest

UnIon o!tlcials say the California StateSupreme Court decision in late Decemberguaranteed the union the right to organizethe farm workers wherever they are.. "We will organize and organize and orga~­lze. The people want the union in the fieldand the court says we have the right to bethere, and we are in the fields to give peoplethe organization they want. .. We recognize the rights of human beings

fIrst of all, just as the California SupremeCourt has done," Pacheco said.

All three men are free on $50 bail afterspending three days in jail. Echavarria, how­ever, was convicted last year of disturbing~he peace during a Parent Teacher Club meetingm Guadalupe along with six other persons.That case is under appeal, and a probationhearing is scheduled concerning Echavarria's

,arrest in the current trespassing case.While the three men were held in the Santa

Maria sheriff's substation, a night candlelIghtdemonstration by more than one hundred per­sons showed support for the prisoners.

CRGAN IZERS JA ILED by Marie CaineSANTA MARIA, CaUf.- Human rights vs. prop­erty rights will received a major court testas the result of three arrests near Guad-

4 • FI MAl rRTAnn • M~rrh q. lq71

SOLEDAD, California -- The Paul Massonworkers met February 9 to discuss some pro­blems we have with the company and to listento the brothers who are on strike againstLa Victoria (David Walsh Co.) and who askedfor our help.

The strikers who came were Antonio Gue­vara, President of the La Victoria Ranch Com­mittee, Gilberto Hernandez and Richard Chavez.We , the workers at Paul Masson, agreedwe would help the strikers on the picket linesfrom 5:30 a.m. to 7:00 a.m. in the morningbefore going to work. Also after work at4: 30 p. m. we go right tothe picketlines againstlabor contractor Juan Gomez of Soledad who isbringing scabs to La Vic1;.oria. .

We had some trouble February 9, whenOdilon Gracia and two other brothers were at­tacked by Juan Gomez and some of his people.We were picketing Gomez' house when Gomezc arne out with three men shouting at the brothers,challenging them to a fight and threatening themwith a gun. The brothers replied they believedin non-violence and were not there to fightphysically with anyone.

Gomez called them' 'chickens" and told themhe would kill them if they would not fight.After that 9 more persons came out of Gomez'house, including his wife and a daughter. Gomez'wife, who carried a stick, hit Salinas UnionOffice Director Jerry Kay in the mouth.

Odilon Gracia said he was chased by sixpersons who shouted after him, "Don't runyou chicken." He said that when they caughtup with him, he just closed his eyes, and prayedto the Virgin Mary as he was beaten up.Also, his pickup's windshield was broken forthe third time.

When sheriff's deputies arrived, they were toldwhat had happened and that' Juan Gomez wascarrying a gun. They did nothing.

La Victoria Ranch Committee President An­tonio Guevara says Gomez' time is running out.The same goes for labor contactor Tony Guzman,he says, "All they have left will be washedaway on a rainy day."

PICKETS BEATEN Up By Teresa Amezcua

Salinas Valley

Santa lIaria .Valley0'

CR ISIS FOR 0IC-CIT ~:al::uepe Varela

The Nixon Administration is presently trying todestroy programs that were attempting to helpthe poor and oppressed minorities. First.

Nixon got rid of Phillip Sanchez, national directorof the Office of Economic Opportunity, aftersqueezing him like a lemon, using Sanchez tocampaign for him in chicano communities forthe national elections.

The OlC-CET, with offices in Gilroy and SanJose, which serves communities in Santa Clara,San Benito, Monterey and Santa Cruz counties.Many of the people who benefit, from OIC-CEThave been active in supporting our movement.

The people of OIC-CET have cooperated withthe Union: getting thousands of lettuce boycottpledges signed; campaigning against Pro­position 22 in the areas of San Jose and Gilroy,helping La Nueva Posada with materials. Theyhelp inform students in the San Jose area aboutLa Causa and help to distribute EL MALCRIADO.They have a mailing list of 6,000-7.000 personswho are kept informed about La Causa. Andnow, OIC-CET students volunteer their timeto picket Safeway in Gilroy and San Joseafter school five days a week.

OlC-CET receives one third of its fundsfrom industry, one-third from the localcommunity and one-third from the federalgovernment. Losing the support of the federalgovernment would seriously endanger this pro­gram, which has trained and placed in jobsover 2,000 men and women who otherwisewould have had to remain on welfare. OIC­CET needs the support of the entire communityin this time of crisis.

Oregon Washington, D.C.

SISTERS VISIT LA PAZ

by Sister Loraine Polacci

On January 26-28, a group of 40 Sistersbelonging to several religious orders, gatheredat La Paz. They came from Sacramento, theSan Francisco area, Concord, Fresno, LosAngeles and San Diego.

Maria Saludado spoke to the Sisters abouther own early life in the fields, and how shewas called by Cesar to accomplish things forher people which she could scarcely imagine.She was followed by Elena Rojas who remindedthe Sisters that they could be leaven in arenewed Church whose first priority was towork for justice for the poor and oppressed.

FolloWing this, Cesar spoke· to the groupabout the United . Farm Workers, its foundations, priorities and direction. He stressed theimportance of the boycott and the reality ofnon-violence.

Sunday they saw theory put into practiceas the Sisters watheed Cesar conduct asession with the United Farm Workers ranchcommittee representatives on the re-negotiationof contracts, and later as he delivered tHeannual report to the Credit Union. The Sistersthen toured the clinic at Forty Acres.

The Sisters left for their· homes on Sundayafternoon. On Monday they returned to theirjobs of teaching, social work, and parish min­istry. But none of them left La Paz unchanged.All carried not only the message of justicefor the farm worker, but also a new deter­mination to find some way in their own livesto help.

ANTI-RECALL LAw PASSES HOUSE

PHOENIX, Arizona--In an apparent reactionto the mounting success of the Recall cam­paign, the Arizona House of Representativeshas passed a bill which would make futurerecalls almost impossible at the gubernatoriallevel.

But an "emergency clause", which wouldhave made the bill effective immediately uponthe governor's sigriature· and thus destroy thecurrent campaign against Republican GovernorJack Williams, was narrowly defeated.

Well aware of the bill's disasterous potential,recall forces mounted a massive telephonecampaign in the week before the bill came upfor a vote, with dramatiC results.

"For the first time in seven years all theHouse Democrats voted together--against thebill," reported Vivan Levine, a member ofthe Recall staff.

"We even got two Republican votes," shesaid. "Representative Cooper, a grower fromMesa, got up and said he felt tha.t the billwas unfair, since it was clearly aImed at arecall campaign already legally going. Andanother Republican, Rep. Michael Goodwin ofTempe, rose to say that ifhis vote were neededto defeat the emergency clause, he would changeit and vote no."

As it turned out, Goodwin's vote was notneeded. The final vote was 36 in favor of thebill, 21 against--but since a two-thirds majorityis required to pass the emergency clause, itfailed.

Nonetheless, the bill itself--minus the emer-

gency clause--has passed and gone on to theSenate. Recall forces hope to be able to defeatit there, but in any case it will not affect thecurrent Recall effort.

The bill would require each recall petitionersigner to be identified by precinct, and requirethe gathering of the total amount of signatureswithin 120 days, provisions which the Recallstaff are convinced would make a recall forany statewide office virtully impossible.

WE MUST FIGHT THE MACHINES

by Rosa Lopez

SAN LUIS, Arizona-- When we went out intothe fields of the San Luis area to talk to theworkers at the Pasquinelli Company, we founda supervisor who tried to keep us from talk­ing to the people. He said we had to waituntil they were through working, but that hecould talk to us because he was th~re totalk and not to work,

Union organizer Rudolfo Castillo asked thesupervisor (named "Bill") why he was work­ing the people so hard, with one person doingthe work of three. The .supervisor said hedidn't care what happened to farm workers.Since he earns ten thousand dollars a year,he said. he has nothing to worry about.

During our conversation with him we learn­ed the company plans to bring in machinesfor planting and thinning in a few monthsor a year from now. Also, he said, the com­pany is going to bring machines for cuttingand packing lettuce. The machines for thisw1ll be ready in a few years.

After saying this, we challenged the super­visor to care at least a little bit for thewelfare of farm workers. We told him we arenot going to permit our people to be thrownfrom their jobs and that we will fight themachines and boycott what they produce.

This is the time to fight against the mach­ines and the Teamsters. Sisters and brotherscome and join your Union.

SAFEWAY FINED

EL PASO, Texas (CR/GJP)--A U.S. DistrictCourt here fined Safeway Stores, Inc., a Mary­land-based supermarket chain, and three ofits officials a total of $7,500 for storing bagsof flour in an El Paso warehouse where theywere exposed to contamination by rodents andbirds.

The corporation was fined $3,000. RobertL. Jaynes, a Safeway vice president and di­vision manager of the concern's El Paso ware­house, was given a suspended fine of $1,500.

Ernest L. Keily, the distribution center mana­ger and Arno A. Ford, the warehouse manager,were each fined $1,500, of which $1,000 eachwas suspended.

The defendants were found guilty of viola­tions of Federal food and drug laws in thecase, brought by the U.S. Attorney for thatarea.

(CONSUMER REPORTS, March, 1973.)

fuYCOTT AND LEGISLATIVE ACTIONby Mario Alvarez

OrganiZing efforts by farm workers Continue in Oregon, while the lettuce boycottgains strength every day in the large citiesof the state.

In Portland, the Friends of the Farm WorkersCommittee turns away 75 to 100 customersat every Safeway they picket. As customersbecome more informed, they decide to supportus by boycotting Safeway. In Eugene, another40 to 50 people are turned away each dayafter they talk to members of the Friends

of the Farm Workers.In Salem, farm workers along with support­

ers turn away many people every week.Also, in the political arena, we see our

enemies planning to push an anti-farm workerlaw similar to the law they pushed last year,called S. B. 677 and which we were able todefeat by getting Governor McCall to veto it.

But this time they are not going to catchus by suprise. February 15 Union organizersand members got together to plan our strategy.

lewtlerseJPuERTO RICAN FARM ~bRKER

SuES GoVERNMENTS

NEW JERSEY--A farm worker has broughtsuit against the governments of New Jerseyand Puerto Rico, claiming New Jersey growersare violating the terms of contracts signedbetween the two states providing for minimalworking and housing conditions.

The Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Edu­cation Funq has brought· the suit in FederalCourt on behalf of David Vasquez, allegingthat he is just another example of the morethan 10,000 "downtrodden faceless" Puerto Ri­cans who are brought to work in New Jerseyfields each year.

The suit claims that the conditions at thefarm where Vasquez worked last year did notmeet the standards laid out in the contracthe signed with both Puerto Rico and New Jer­sey, which brought him into the state at therequest of a farmer~' cooperative.

He was given a small, stuffy room with nolight and· poor plUmbing. The toilet empitedinto a pool about 50 feet from his room andflies infested the room because the screens

.were full of holes.Attorneys for Vasquez say that if workers

"speak out they're blackballed and fired. Andif they're fired, they find themseLves pennileisin a foreign land with a language they can'tunderstand."

This is the first time in New Jersey that­government officials were named as defendantsin such a suit. In the past, complaints havebeen filed against individual farmers or farmorganizations that contract to bring in theworkers.

Michigan

WaR I<Jv1EN 's CQ\1PENSATI ON A RIGHT

MICHIGAN--The Supreme Court of the Stateof Michigan ruled in January that the State'sWorkmen's Compensation Act excluding s ornefarm workers from coverage violated the work­er's "rights to equal protection provided forin the constitutions of the United States andthe State of Michigan."

REPORT ON FARM WORKER WAGES

WASHINGTON, D.C.--Accordingto the UnitedStates Department of Agriculture, the Americanfarm worker earned an average of $1.84 anhour during 1972, without room or board asadditional compensation.

The average in California was $2.07; inWashington and Oregon it was $2.12 and $1.90,respectively; Arizona farm workers averagedonly $1.70, and Texas workers only $1.59.

Florida farm workers averaged $1.55, andthe averages in Montana, Idaho and Coloradowere $1.87, $1.96 and $1.89.

March 9, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 5

BOYCOTT

Cesa" D~,'igoSt,ike,sWell-Received Ac,oss U.S.

1/FA

natures of people who promised not to eatlettuce and not to buy an A&P We also col­lected $243.00 One elderly woman donatedten dollars, while a black minister donatedforty.On Sunday we received a telegram fromGovernor Walker of Illinois in which he de­clared he was going to order an investigationof the lettuce contaminated with Monitor 4.

CINCINNATI, Ohio-- Union Director, Cesar Chavez talks to newsmen,February17 during an outdoor press conference in front of an A&P supermarket. Cesarpledged the Union would continue the boycott of A&P until the growers and the Teams­ter's Union agree to hold union certification elections so that workers may vote whichunion they wish to represent them.

Cesar and the D'Arrigo strikers traveling with him held a rally at Fountain Squarewhre Mayor Theodore Berry presented Cesar with the key to the city. Despite the10-degree weather, 100 local supporters marched with the strikers from FountainSquare to the Findlay Market. The Cathlic Bishops of Ohio have endorsed the boycottof iceberg lettuce not harvested by United Farm Workers.

. '. ~,

a~

o.t::0..

papers in the City and by two national tele­vision networks.

After the press conference, the bus starte(out to Cincinnati, but had to return becauseof the snow. The strikers who had to turnback had no place to stay because the churchwhere we had stayed was being used for asocial event. They had to go to the boycottoffice. There was no food to eat. but thepersonnel of a dancer's club donated foodready to eat. Afterwards, the Red Cm ssalso helped with 30 blankets and army cots.

February 17 the strikers who were not stayingin Chicago, once again set out for Cincinattiat 4:00 a.m. For those of us that stayedin Chicago it was our first day of picketingA&P. Joining us on the picket line were manychurch people like Father Kyle and severalnuns. During that first day of picketing wesucceeded in turning back about 200 customers,not including those in cars.

That same day we planned out how ....e tovisit churches on Sunday. We visited three

u churches and talked with the people about~ the problems we are having with the growersU and labor contractors in California. who con­a tinue to exploit workers the way did duringo the bracero era and before. The response'6: was really good and we received many sig-~i.::.:.:..~ I;Ii;;,..;a

ST LOUIS, Missouri -- St. Louis hostedthe caravan on Valentines Day. February 14.77 strikers and 2 dogs whose spirtis overcamethe cold and freezing rain on the picket line.The day began with the students at Washing­ton University who treated us to lunch in thedorms. At the press conferecne. Cesar spokeabout the dangers of Monitor 4. and disclosedfor the first time that there had been lettucesiezed from the St. Louis Warehouses of A&P.

That eveing the strikers and Cesar spoketo an overflow crowd at Graham Chapel; avery sympathetic crowd, who by the end of ther ally had learned the Huelga clap from thestrikers. and boo'd the Farm Bureau through­out the movie SI SE PUEDE.

Two local politicians, Benjamin Goins, theCity licence collecter, and John Bass, can­ditate for comptroller voiced their support ofthe strikers and the boycott. Rever CharlesKoen, leader of the United Front of Cairo,Illinois. a group which has been boycotting thebusinesses of Cairo for the last four yearsto get jobs and decent housing for black people,s poke of the ties which bind people who struggleacross the country.

Sra. Irena treated us all to a Mexican dinnerafter the rally, and in the morning the caravanheaded on to Chicago.

CHICAGO, ILLI~IS

by Nancy Welch, St. Louis Boycott

by Gabino Hernandez

(Gabino Hernandez, D'Arrigo striker. heads thegroups of D'Arrigo strikers who stayed to workon the boycott in Chicago.)

ST I LaJIS, MISSaJRI

Snow•••snow•••snow. Fifteen inches of snowwelcomed us to Chicago. Despite so muchsnow and cold, about 1,000 persons came to ourrally February 17. Present at the rally wererepresentatives from the United Auto Workesand the United Steel Workers, the City of Chicago,the State of Illinois, along with Seantor Stevenson.

That night we stayed at the Providence ofGod Church, which is led by Father Harrington,who has supported La Causa ever since EliseoMedina directed the boycott in Chicago. Thenext day, Cesar, Dolores Huerta. Jerry Cohen,Union attorney. and a pesticide expert helda press conference in which they attacked thesale of scab lettuce from the Imperial Valleyand the rest of the nation. Cesar talked aboutthe pesticide. Monitor 4, which was used in thescab fields of the Imperial Valley and turnedout to be a dangerous poison to human beings.Here, the press conference was covered by 20radio stations, the htree most important news-

6 • EL MALCRIADO • March 9, 1973

January. Around Christmas time there hadbeen a lot of union U.S. lettuce in Norway,and· then there was no ad at all. During thead campaign. however there has been nearlyonly non-union U.S. lettuce in the country.

Apart from this fact. there have not beena ds for other articles of food exported toNorway from the U.S. The fund for ads hasbeen used to promote the selling of scab .lettuce. Very many Norwegians and Norweg­ian organizations are shocked by this shame­ful attack on farm workers an d Norwegianconsumers by the Nixon Administration, and thewell known Secretary of Agriculture. EarlButz.

The disclosure of. the public American inter­vention in the boycott in Norway may causedelicate diplomatic problems. as very manyleading Norwegians many times have demon­strated their solidarity to farm workers andalso to strict control of pesticides. Paperafter paper in Norway are now refusing toaccept the ads.

A major drive to lay pressure on the NobelCommittee of the Norwegian Parliament to giveMr. Nixon The Nobel PeacePrize for 1973is deemed to fail as the President's anti­UFW policy becomes well-known. reports HelgeChristophersen of the Norway boycott. And Mr.Nixon is not going to get a single non-unionU. S. lettuce head or grape during his visit.In fact•. it is much more probable that CesarChavez and UFW receives the Nobel PeacePrize than Mr. Nixon. Helge underlines.

Norges Kooperative Landsforening. Norways'by far biggest chain store. is totally boycottingnon-union U.S. lettuce and grapes. after TheNorwegian Labor Federation became stronglyinvolved in the boycott. Store after store andchain after chain in City after City face majorboycott pressure and consumer demonstrationsand have nothing to do but to give in. dayby day.

The boycott people in Norway are full offighting spirit and gain victories every day.They have a lot of hard wok to do in the daysahead, too. but victory is definitely on the way.

BoycottThe big advertisements - in spectacular

green color- for U. S. lettuce have- it turnso ut- been ordered hy the American Embassyin Norway and paid for by public Americanmoney, distributed by the U.S. Department ofAgriculture. What is more. this advertisementcampaign started just when the invasion of non­union U. S lettuce came in the last part of

Unni Johns of the Norway boycott is busy giving leaflets and talking to shoppers at a major Oslostore during the recent boycott demonstrations. Entire store chains are being boycotted forcarrying scab lettuce.

By Helge Christophepsen~ NopwayNorway has recently been over-flowed by

non-union U. S. lettuce as well as non-unionU. S. grapes. A major advertisement campaingfor U.S. lettuce on the front page of Norweg­ian newspapers has made the battle terriblyhard. And the leading business right wingnewspaper,Morgenbladet(The Morning Paper),h as vigorously attacked the boycott.

NEWS

US. Scab Lettuce Diplomacy In Norway

UI SI EMPASSY INSWEDEN COtfUSED?SWEDEN--The role of the U.S. Embassy insupporting scab lettuce growers is becomingmore apparent here. In a debate with UFWboycott organizer Victor Pestoff, the owner ofSweden's largest importer of U.S. lettuce, aMr. Zwartkies, stressed repeatedly the inter­pretation made by the labor attache at theU. S. embassy here in Sweden that the recentCalifornia Supreme Court decision allows boththe Teamsters and UFW to organize farmworkers.

(This is consistent with U.S. government. policy of standing in the way of farm workers

aspirations for a Union of their own. Duringthe late 1960's. in order to bail out non-uniongrape growers the Department of Defense in­creased its grape purchases by 80CY7b. payinga higher than market price. Presently thePentagon is using our tax dollars to buy morescab lettuce than ever.) .

U. S. taxpayers' money is being used to buyadvertisements such as this to push the saleof scab lettuce into Europe.

Contacted in Washington. Eric Fleisher,who

is Desk Officer in charge of the U. S. Embassyin Norway claimed no ~nowledge whatsoeverof these ads. He told EI Malcriado,"Such anoccurence would be highly unusual. and if thisdid happen, nobody told me about it."

REPORT FRav1 Moscow I IDAHOby Pat Cohee, Moscow, Idaho

photos by Philip Feinstein:

The Farm Workers Support Group in Mos cow, Idaho is carrying on a continuing boycott and picketingof Safeway Stores. We also are beginning a .campaign to get the University to buy only UFW lettuce.In addition, we are undertaking a campaign to have a referendum measure on the ballot in the next~eneral election in Idaho to repeal the Idaho Agricultural Labor Law which the Farm Bureau pushed ­through last year. Our group doubled since last year, and the number picketing has been creasing steadily.

March 9, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 7

POISONED LETTUCE:

"The biggest pesticide scandal in this country's-history", .

HUNT FOR POI SONED LEl11JCE SPREADS THROUG~UT UI. S1 AND CANADA by Tom Dalzell, Harriet Teller- Legal Dept•

• Union researchers throughout California andArizona and boycotters throughout the UnitedStates and Canada are continuing to unearthnew developments in what Union GeneralCounsel Jerry Cohen has termed "the biggestpes ticide scandal in the history of this country."

Briefly the fact~ are these:

• In November and December of 1972, 38,000acres of lettuce in California's Imperial Valleywere sprayed with a new super- pesticideMonitor 4, which is an organo-phosphate-­a nerve gas type poison similar to parathion.

• An unexpected freeze in December sloweddown the breaking down process of this poison,

and as a result the lettuce was still danger­ously contaminated when the cutting and shippingin these fields began. Late in December aground rig operator in Mario Saikhon's fieldsnoticed that the Monitor seemed to be burningthe lettuce leaves. "Experts" from the FDAand the California Department of Agriculture'came to the Imperial Valley and began testingthe lettuce. However, shipping continued andthe poisoned lettuce spread ,throughout theUnited States and Canada. .

Word came aack 'from the FDA 'in earlyJanuary that much of the Imperial Valley'slettuce was not safe for humap consumption.Thirty-seven fields in the Imperial Valleywere plowed under, and the FDA ordered app­roximately ten thousand crates of Saikho~ and

Merit lettuce destroyed. Finding these con­demned crates then became the problem. Someturned up in Safeway warehouses in Oaklandand Los Angeles, and at A&P warehousesin St. Louis, in Canada, in Charlotte, NorthCarolina, OXnard, California, etc.

The hunt for the poisoned lettuce continues.Union Director Cesar Chavez is telling con­sumers all over the country that the saladsthey are eating could make them sick. UFW

, researchers now feel that 'almost 100% of thelettuce from the Imperial Valley this yearis contaminated with Monitor 4, and that thehealth hazard to consumers. and farm workersis unprecedented in the United States.

General Counsel Jerry Cohen charged ina Los Angeles press conference on February

20th that the scandal is a result of "a massivecollusion between Federal officials and agri­business and chemical company interests tocover up for irresponsible state officials who

. let the Monitor be sprayed in the first place."Researchers in the Imperial Valley report

that the chemical companies who manufacturedMonitor and claimed that it was safe for useon lettuce are now in the Valley, compensatinglettuce growers for the massive losses theyhave suffered due to the poison.

*OTTAWA, Canada -- Cesar Chavez sends a telegram to theMinister of Public Health February 13 appraising him ofthe situation and warning Canadians that the lettucecoming from the United States may be coated with Monitor 4.Members of Parliament are investigating the scandal .

* TORONTO, Canada -- 492 boxes of scab lettuce seized anddestroyed. The rest of the car lot (approximately 500boxes) was sold before the order to destroy came.

* LOS ANGELES, California -- 6,096 crates of scab lettucecondemned January 4. FDA 1eaves it up to Safeway I s goodfaith to destroy this poisoned lettuce, but 5,000 crates arestill not accounted for as destroyed.

* WASHINGTON, D.C. (U.P.) -­California senators JohnV. Tunney (Oem.) and AlanCranston (Oem.) calledFebruary 22 for 'a governmentinvestigat10n of the spraying of lettuce with Monitor 4,a new pesticide said to bemore powerful than DDT.

Tunney charged thatspraying of Southern California lettuce with the ­toxic chemical had continuedafter its use had beenbanned.

And Cranston said thepesticide, produced bythe Chevron Chemical Co.,had been withdrawn fromuse on lettuce but wasstill being used on othercrops throughout the country.

* U.S.-CANADIAN BORDER -- All lettuce coming intoCanada from the United States is now inspectedand tested, a Canadian health official reports.

* OXNARD, California -- 438 crates ofcondemned 1ettuce "recond i ti oned II

into salad January 4.

>(. YUMA VALLEY, Ar1 zona -­Shipment of lettuce fromYuma Valley to Canada haltedand lettuce destroyed.

* IMPERIAL VALLEY, California -- 38,000 acres sprayedwith deadly organo-phosphate Monitor 4 in Novemberand December. 37 fields plowed under, chemicalcompanies are compensating growers for their losses.

* SACRAMENTO, California -- Assemblyman Richard Alatorre intro­duced a resolution February 22 to urge "all stateagencies to take immediate action to stop theflow of contami nated 1ettuce" and ca 11 ed onsupermarket chains to take similar steps toinsure that none reaches consumers.

"This brings to mind whether the Depart­ment of Agriculture is to grower~oriented tobe left with the vital job of protecting con­'sumers and field workers from the dangers ofpesticides.

liThe Department and the FDA have declinedto release full statistics on growers and

fields involved," said Alatorre.

* SACRAMENTO, California -- The State Legislature's Mexican-American Caucus today joinedwith the Legislative Black Caucus membersand with Senate Democratic Caucus ChairmanMervyn Dymally in calling for an immediateState Legislative investigation of the possible escape onto supermarket shelves ofthousands of cases of contaminated lettuce.

* RICHMOND, California -- 2,896 boxes of Saikhonlettuce seized from Safeway warehouses and destroyed January 4.

* CHICAGO, Illinois -- Cesar Chavez, Jerry Cohen and LosAngeles consumer advocate Ida Honorof tell nationwidetelevision audiences February 14 that the salads tbeyare eating are not safe for consumption, and chargefederal and state officials with irresponsibility.

* ST. LOUIS Missouri -- 262 cases of Saikhon lettuce seizedand destroyed from A&P warehouses January 4.. However, FDA­officials in Kansas City admitted that a lot of contamina­ted lettuce from the same car was sold and consumed beforethe destruction notices were sent out.

* CHARLOTTE, North Carolina -- 492 boxes of scab lettucewere seized and destroyed January 23-26. The rest'ofthe car lot (approximately 500 boxes) was sold beforethe order to destroy came.

Photo: Chris Sanchez

8~. EL MALCRIADO • March 9, 1973 March 9, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 9

Clinic Program ForArab Members

Dr. Kenneth Warren supervises the skin test portion of the medical study.

DELANO, California--A medical team offourpersons from Case Western Reserve MedicalSchool in Cleveland, Ohio, has come to theUnion's Rodrigo Terronez Memorial Clinic hereto study an intestinal infection common amongthe UFW's Arab workers.

The infection, called "schistosomiasis" or"bilharziasis," is a complicated one in whicha small worm hatches from eggs which liveinside a certain snail and, through the waterin which the snails live and which humans eitherdrink or bathe in, invade the human body andsettle in the blood vessles. of the intestine.

There the worms, about a quarter of aninch long, lay more eggs which in turn passout through the feces of the person, are even­tually returned to the water in which the snailslive and thus rene n to the snails to begin thecycle aU over again.

Both the snail and the human (or otheranimal) bodies are necessary for the entirelife cycle of the worm to be completed. Sincethere are no such snails living in the United

-States, there is no chance at all of the infec-tion spreading and, hopefully, the worms pres­ently infecting some of the Arab workers willeventually die off, leaving them free of thedisease and, as long as they remain in theUnited States, free from future infection.

Dr. Peter Cummings of the Terronez Clinic,who extended the invitation for the WesternReserve medical team to come here, empha­sized that in many cases an infected personwill suffer no ill effects whatsoever from thedisease. Since treating the infection requiresthe use of very strong medicines, the resear­chers are trying to discover if the worms willeventually die off if untreated.

The research on the disease has three basicparts: taking a medical history of each persontested; doing a skin test for evidence of thedisease; and taking a stool sample from eachperson to check for the presence of the worm'seggs in the feces.

Ahmed Saleh Moharem of the MBZ camphas been instrumental in organizing the testing,

and Dr. Cummings and nurse Roberta Ottohave actively participated in the entire oper­ation.

The Western Reserve Medical team consistsof: Dr. Kenneth Warren, Associate Professorof Medicine at Western Reserve; Dr. AdelMahmoud. originally of Cairo, Egypt, and anassociate of Dr. Warren; Mrs. Ming HangChang, of Chinese ancestry and formerly ofSouth Viet Nam, now a medical student at Wes­tern Reserve; and Mr~ Pierre Peters, a labtechnician formerly of the Congo, Africa andfor the past seven years associated with Dr.Warren.

Of 216 Arab workers tested, 100 are infec­ted. and the Clinic is recommending and of­ering treatment to the thirty-six who are mostheavily infected.

ARAB FARM WORKERS'IN THE UNITED STATES

10. EL MALCRIADO • March 9, 1973

by Gerhard Fischer(Originally published in Arabic translation inAN-NAHAR, Beirut, Lebanon, January 3,1973.)

DELANO. California--Arabs have been com­ing to California roughly since 1965. The greatmajo.rity of them are from Yemen, and a veryfew from Egypt.

There are about 5,000 Arab farm workersin California today. with about 1,000 in theDelano area. No exact figures are available,but it is clear that the number of newcomersis increasing steadily. An overwhelming ma­jority of the Arab workers are members ofthe United Farm Workers.

Since all Yemenis are living in labor camps,they are all male and single. except a fewmarried men who had to leave theIr familiesback home. Age ranges from 16 to the fifties.

All Yemeni Arab farm workers are villagersand peasants. They are mostly illiterate orhad only a few years of school. Since theys peak no English and have no skills or jobtraining, farm labor offers their only chanceof employment. Grape work is the most at­tractive since it offers employment nearly allyear round. except for the three months afterthe harvest, from OCtober to December.

1".'/"""'.'/1""-El Malcriado Committtees are at the fore­

front of the Union's campaign to double thecirculation of EL MALCRIADO.

The sisters and brothers who volunteer forthe El Malcriado Committees know they aredoing more than just selling a newspaper.They are organizing farm workers so thatthey may be better informed and better ableto defend themselves. Inevery town whereEL MALCRIADO is distributed door-to-toor,

the presence of La Causa is establishe~ andeveryone knows that our movement continuesto progress.

Union Director Cesar Chavez has declaredthat EL MALCRIADO is "a newspaper ofstruggle." And now, more and more, wher­ever there is a strike or boycott picketline,EL MALCRIADO is there too.

If YOU want to do something for La Causa,if YOU want to be part of an EL MALCRIADO

COMMI1TEE get in touch with the OfficialRepresentative of EL MALCRIADO (see below)in your area, or, write or call:

El Malcriado CommitteesP.O. Box 62Keene, California 93531

Telephone: (805) 822-5571

OFFICIAL REPRESENTATIVES OF EL MALCRIADO• Fresno County:

Hijinio Rangel (209) 591-5240

• San Diego County:Sofia Ybarra--(714) 479-5727

• Delano to Lamont:Jean Flores--(805) 725-9434

• King City area:Teresa Amezcua--(408) 674-2230

• Tulare County:Jesus Martinez--(209) 784-7344

• Salinas area:Jose Guadalupe Varela--(408) 449-7578

• San Luis, Arizona area:Jose G. Espinosa--(602) 627-2668

(c/o Union Office)

Ricardo Villalpando, who helped organize.El Malcriado Committees in Calexico andSan Luis volunteers his time in the campaignto double the distribution of EL MALCRIADO.He is confident that El Malcriado Committeeswill soon be formed wherever there arefarm workers.

Guadalupe Lopez de Ortega, 0'Arrigo striker and member of theE I Malcriado Committee in Calexico, takes EL MALCRIADO wherevershe goes. Recently, while picketing 0'Arrigo fields, she sold morethan 40 Malcriados to strikebreakers, labor contractors, guardsand police. She says: "They even bought the old issues I had. A lotcan be done if you do it the right way. II

--------------------------------------------------.

r; :::'

bundl e(s}' of 50

'btmdl e (s) of 50

bundle{s) of 50 issues with in and

NAME _

ADDRESS _

CITY _I am

checkVJith my orderenclosing aor moneyorder for $ _

($5.00 a bundle PRE-PAID)

ZIP _

Keene, Ca. 93531• P.O. Box 62 •

STATE _

EL ~!1ALCR IADOSend your order to:

March 9, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 11

• '.' , \. t .. /'. • • '" " I J

Union MembersThank Kennedy Plan.GALLO· WORKER

RECEIVES $437BACK PAY

Eva M. de Morales yRoberto Morales, EL PROFE.Douglas, Arizona

THANKS

FOR MATERNITY BENEFIT

RECEIVED DEATH BENEFIT

I am writing these few lines in order togreet you and tell you the following: I amvery grateful to the Kennedy Plan becauseyou sent me a check for $269. maternity be­nefit for a little girl I had at the medicalcenter in Agua Prieta. Thanks to the KennedyPlan farm worker women are receiving bettermaternity care. That is why we have theobligation to help. so that we can have astronger and better Union. We should spreadthe news about the Kennedy Plan as we helpon boycotts, strikes and organizing in general.VIVA LA CAUSA. SI SE PUEDE.

Maria Saludado,Director.

Kennedy Medical· Plan

RECEIVED $1,114A thousand thanks to the Kennedy Plan forall the benefits I have received to date.Until now, I have received from the KennedyPlan more benefits than I ever dreamed Iwould receive. The Kennedy Plan has paidme $1,114.

One day a nurse asked me how rruch Ireceive in maternity help md I said $300.She said that was a lot of mcney. becauseshe didn't enjoy such a benefit and said she'didn't realize farm worker Union membersenjoyed such good benefits.Thanks again and please forgive my bad writing.

.'

Jose V. DelgadoGreenfield, California

P. S. If possible please print this letter inEL MALCRIADO so all can know about the

Kennedy Plan. Thanks.

FIll.

YOUR ApPLICATIONS CoMPLETELYThe Robert F. Kennedy Farm Workers Medical

Plan staff ask that you fill out your applicationsfor benefits completely so that we may giveyou prompt service at all times. If you needhelp contact your nearest Union office. especiallyif you have not received a reply to y<-ur request

. for benefits.

Dear sister:

Please receive my greetings and wishesthat you are enjoying complete and totalhealth. Also. Marra. 1 am very grateful forthe cooperation you gave me and the helpyou gave me at the time of my husbandsdeath.

Please send me the official records onmy husband and also I wish to report thatI received the money from the Kennedy Plan.Thank you very much and may God rewardyou.

A sister who loves you very much.A sister who loves you very much.

Gregoria Ornela v. de MartinezDelano. California

Union member Augustine De Toro, whoworks for E&J Gallo in Livingston was payed$437.74 in back pay. This came about afterDe Toro filed grievance against the company.

A grievance was made because De Torolost his seniority when he was not notifiedby the company to return to work•

The company said it had sent a letter toMr. De Toro. telling him to retun to work.But De Toro never redieved such a letter.The grievance committee met with the ranchmanager. where the company was unable toprove such a letter was sent.

Union Representative Agfiie Rose felt Mr.De Toro was "over-looked • because of agediscrimination.

The company agreed to many of the termsof the Grievance Committee. agreeing to backpay of $437.74 and giVing back De Toro'sseniority and job.

~ FROM TALLby Juan Perez- Livingston

CHAVEZpamphlet:two articles

I by PeterMathiesenOrder No.NYA $.50

Belt BuckleOrder No. BUe -: $6.00

e "·~ESARA CHAVEZ

~~ .. '........ 'm..~,,. ,

I Allow 4 weeks for delivery Am enclosin~ check for $ •

I Name _

~I Address _

II City - __ State Zip --,

I p. 0 : bO.X 61 ,k 88 ".8 I Ca! 9 3S3l

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Detach and mail with check

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Please include .35 for postage,.

Windshield decalOrder No. DEC- .50

Bumper Strickers

IF"=!f)1Order No. ISF- .25

Small Huelgarally flag. size­9 X 12 includes5/16 dowel.Order No.rLAv - ~l.UU

Songs of La Causa sung. by Dan and Judy

Rose-RedwoodOrder No. DAN- $1.00

La Causa ButtonsOrder No. BU-A. BU-C etc••35

..... BO!~"~TT=-: LETTUCE

. -- ------1

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HUELGA STAMP.S sheet of ~~24 stamps 12 deSIgns.. .'1

No. STMP - $1.00 •.~b1~ -., I.JIiI ,.. iii .

Order No. BOL-.25POSTERNo. GHU- $1.50

BASTA: A pictorial historyof the grape strike.

Order No. BAS - $2.00

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12 • EL MALCRIADO • March 9. 1973

Labor and Movement News. .

TEACHER'S STRIKES CoNTINUETeachers' strikes continue around the country,

as major walkouts in St. Louis, Philadelphiaand a number of smaller communities havekept nearly 20,000 teachers off their jobs asthey seek better wages and working conditions.

The Philadelphia strike. the longest of themall, seems no closer to settlement than whenthe 13,000 teachers represented by the Phil­adelphia Federation of Teachers left theirjobs on January 8.

PFT President Frank Sullivan charges that"The mayor (Frank Rizzo) and the schoolboard are determined to refuse a settlementuntil the union is broken."

In St. Louis, where 4,000 teachers enteredtheir second month on strike, Circut JudgeThomas F. McGuire imposed fines totaling$150,000 upon the St. Louis Teachers Associa­tion after the group's president, Jerry Aber­nathy. publicly defied McGuire's return-to-workorder.

TEAMSTER SUES HIS UNION, COMPANY

SEATTLE, Washington--The American CivilLiberties Union of Washington has filed suitin United States District Court here on behalfof a Seattle truck driver who has said he hasbeen unable to work since August, 1971, becausehis employment was terminated due to personalappearance.

Gary Ewing, 30, charges that Local 173 ofthe Teamsters and the Fortune Transfer Co.,a Seattle trucking business, jointly acted tofire Ewing, a Teamster member. because ofhis long hair and beard. and have blockedhim from working as a Teamster since he 'was fired.

The Teamsters refused to contest the dis­missal by the company, the suit maintains.

The suit also charges that the Teamstersunion has acted to prevent him from obtainingother jobs by not assigning him work outof the union hiring hall. In addition. the ACLUcontends that the union opposed Ewing's re­ceiving unemployment insurance following hisbeing fired.

GOVERNOR

VETOES ANTI-WOMAN BILL

FARAH CONCEDES VIOLATIONS

EL PASO. Texas--·Farah Manufacturing Co.h as agreed to halt some of the abuses of workers'rights it has practiced during the long strikeagainst it, but the basic issues remain un­resolved an the strike and boycott againstFarah will continue until the company agreesto halt all unfair labor practices and guaranteesworkers their full basic rights, says the unionrepresenting the workers, the AmalgamatedClothing Workers of America.

In signing the agreemE;nt arranged by theNational Labor Relations Board, whch hadaccused Farah of numerous violations, thecompany. has acknowledged the truth of. manyof the union's charges and has agreed thatthe strike was caused by the firm's unfairpractices, the union declared.

Among other thngs. the agreement calls forthe company to stop harassing employes forunion activities, halt the use of guard dogsand rehire strikers. But several of the keyprovisions will not take effect until the longdispute is settled. ,

At a recent meeting of strikers here. Rep­resentative Herman Badillo. Democrat of NewYork, called for a congressional investigationinto Farah's tactics in the dispute.

Badillo said Congress should uncover thereasons why employers who violate the laborlaw can continue to receive support from localauthorities.

PROFITS SoAR, WAGES STALL

UnitedStates:

NEW YORK, N. Y.--Corporate profits. un­checked by the supposedly "effective restraints"of th Administration's economic stabilization COLUMBUS, Ohio-- After an eleventh-hourprogram, shot to their highest levels in the meeting with the Ohio AFL-CIOrepresentativesfinal three months of 1972, while wages were here, Gov. John Gilligan vetoed a bill whichbeing held down by the same program. labor had contended would unfairly discriminate

A Wall Street Journal survey showed after- against women employees.tax profits of 418 companies up 23.7 percent Presented as an .. equal rights" law forin the fourth quarter of 1972 over the same women, Gov. Gilligan said that "The realperiod in 1971. impact of this bill -is to strip away from

And a study by the First National City many women not protected by federal lawsBank of New York of 1,007 publicly-owned com- their only protection against arbitrary treat­panies showed their fourth-quarter net profits ment from employers, without dealing in anyup 22 percent over 1971. way wi h tie problems faced ~ both men and

"There is a basic unfairness here," AFL- omen employees in Ohio". LATE BULLETIN: Both the St. Louis andCIO Research Director Nat Goldfinger said Every Republican except one in the Ohio Philadelphia teachers' strikes have been set-in commenting on the reports. "While there Senate had voted against a labor-supported tled, as teachers agreed to go back to workare controls on wages, there's been none amendment which would have protected both after winning substantial pay increases in bothon profits--not even any effective restraints." both men and women employ;es. cities.

'------------------------------~)

Latin Americaand World:

PARADISE OF EMPTY PLATESSAO PAULO.Brazil-- Brazil. billed as one ofthe most industrialized countries in the ThirdWorld has one of the highest rates of infantmortality in Latin America.

According to a recent study by Brazil'sMinister of Health, 76 per cent of the Bra­zilian people are suffering from malnutrition.Three-fourths of the people eat nothing butrice. beans and flour. For the great majorityof the people, meat. eggs, milk and fruitsare unknown.

Hunger causes premature death. Through­out Brazil, it is reported, children die offlike flies. Malnutdi::,11 is the major causeof death for 70 per cent of the children whodie between the ages of one and five.

Tuberculosis kills a BraZilian every fortyminutes. BraZil exports shoes but 20 per centof the population goes barefoot. Real wagescontinue to go down, while unemploymentgoes up.

Yet, financier David Rockefeller and econ­omist David Lillienthal of the United Statesproclaim that Brazil "is one of the greatest.examples of growth and expansion in the worId" •

STRIKE WAVEHITS WHITE-RULED AFRICA

by Barry Rubin - GUARDIAN

Over 50,000 African and Asian workers struckdozens of companies in white-ruled South Af­rica during January and February, demandinghigher pay.

The strike wave centered on the city ofDurban but also involved workers in Johan­nesburgh, Capetwon, Pretoria and other citiesas well. Bus drivers, dock workers, brickworkers, construction workers and municipalemployes were all involved.

In Durban, 16,000 municipal workers wenton strike while 4,000 more left textile millsand rubber factories, reportedly returning Feb.9 after receiVing a $2.70 per week wage in­crease. The dockworkers refused a $1.20 a weekincrease which would have brought basic payto $11.40 a week.

The condition of black workers. who furnish90 percent of the work force in mining, con­struction. textile, clothing and footwear indus­tries, has always been one of a super-exploi­ted majority in their own country, controlledby white colonialists. Although there are 15million Africans in South Africa and only3.8 million whites (whit 2 million people ofmixed ancestry and 600.000 Asians). the whitepopulation has reserved for itself most of theland. wealth and skilled jobs in South Africa.

White workers in mining receive 20 timesas much as black workers, and a recent SouthAfrican survey showed four-fifths of blackworkers being paid below the poverty levelof $25 a week.

To ensure the continuation of 'this highlyprofitable system. the South African governmenthas made all strikes and union organizationsof black workers, illegal.

VENEZUELA FORCEDTO REDUCE ~ODUCTIVITY

CARACAS, Venezuela (P.L.)--North Americaninvestor,s have decided to diminish the pro­duction of oil and iron in Venezuela. an actionthat will hurt the country's economy becauseoil represents 70 per cent of Venezuela'seconomy.

A dozen North American companies suchas "Creol". affiliated with Standard Oil,

, Orinoco Mining. The United States Steel Corp­oration and others, control all of the extract­ion operations of the rich deposits of oil andiron-in this country.

March 9, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO .13

ON NEGOTIATIONSWilliam Spaulding, attorney for a number ofvegetable growers, reminising about his "uniqueand sometimes unbelievable experience" innegotiations with our union(Los Angeles Times,January 11, 1973):

"UFWU's leaders are highly emotional, irres­ponsible and apparently not at all concernedthat they may ruin a grower with whom theyhave contracts by making him inefficent andnoncompetitive with other growers.

Another key difference between UFWU andall other unions I've everdealt with is thehighly charged, emotional setting in whichthey conduct all of their affairs.

The bargaining session itself is often astrange scene indeed.

The union's committee consists of up to60 members, mostly right off the fields andthe negotiations with management is oftenturned into a noisy union meeting, conducted

, mostly in Spanish.They argue with each other, and when we

suggest cutting down the size of the committee,to get some work done, we are denouncedas members of the exploiting class.

Anytime we try to talk off-the-record withthe farm workers. we are denounced as 'gringos'who cannot be trusted.

(The union representatives demand) con­tinuous bargaining sessions, and when we ask /about meals. sleep or at least rest. they sayapparently we don't understand the English'language-- that continuous means withoutstopping, and that is what they mean. too.

I don't subject myself to that sort of thingbut some grower representatives do. and itis just impossible to negotiate in those hecticcircumstances. II

THE SN-1E BED?

More truth from the Florida Farm BureauFederation. in a statement from its ExecutiveVice- President John C. Lynn (Packer. February10. 1973):

"Simply because Frank Fitzsimmons. presidentof the Teamsters Union. spoke at the AmericanF arm Bureau Federation convention and becausewe dared mention the National Labor RelationsBoard in our policies. some jump to the imm­eGiate, although erroneous. conclusion that theFarm Bureau and the Teamsters have jumpedinto the same bed."

ANTI ,ANTI ,ANTI

The Florida Farm Bureau promotes the truth.according to its president, Walter Kautz (Flo­rida Grower and Rancher, January. 1973):

"It is our intention in Farm Bureau to spreadthe truth and to expose the true colors of theChavez organization as anti-farmer, anti- farmworker. anti- Christian and anti-American."

GROWERS SHOULD CHOOSE UN IONS" ••• It seems to me the growers would sooner

h ave the Teamsters union like the Bud AntleCompany has. I ask the question, Why shouldnot the grower or employer have the rightto have the union he wants to work with? Heis the one that writes the pay checks••••"

--Ed Smitt,Salinasthe Salinas Californian

MORE "TRUTH"More truth, from Andy D'Arrigo, after firinglettuce crews in Firebough and Eloy in themiddle of contract re-negotiations (CaliforniaFarmer, January 6. 1973):

"We assumed they quit and we have re­placed them with other crews who are nowworking."

~IZONA:

A FARM ~bRKER'S PARADISEAccording to The Packer(February 10, 1973),Arizona is a farm workers' paradise:

, 'A full-scale investigation was launcre d.led by a full-time field investigator, a Mex­ican-American. According to the Truth Squad,interviews with the workers revealed that mostfarm workers preferred to be free to moveand work for whom they preferred. They foundno workers who were discontented, or whofelt exploited 'or treated with disrespect."

FLORIDA FARM BuREAU ATTACKS CESAR

The Florida Farm Bureau. commenting edit··orially on their selection of Cesar as "Manof the Year" (FloridAgriculture, December,1972)~

This magazine, unlike Time doesn't choosea 'Man 0 the Year.' If it did. and if we usedthe same criteria Time does, our cover char­acter, Cesar Chavez, probably would win handsdown.

Time picks a person each year who theeditors feel has had the most impact on worldevents. That means the person selected is notnecessarily a 'good guy' or humanitarian. butsomeone who has done the most to shape thefuture of the world.

Adolph Hitler, Stalin, Mao Tse-tung, andother less than admirable human beings havewon the Time award.

Certainly, no man. lately at least. has hadmore impact on agriculture in this countrythan Chavez. No man should be of more con­cern to 'farmers in this country than Chavez.His union, born out of strife and not-so­non-violent activity has captured the heaJ;"ts andminds of the eastern liberal establishment.He has won over the Kennedys, Mrs. MartinLuther King, George McGovery, the 'new' dem­ocrats and thousands of others who rally around'la causa'. And all of it in the name of helpingthe poor farm worker.

Like him or not. he is here. Just for howlong and how successful he will be dependson a great many things. The passage of time.he says, is on his side. Hopefully, the truthand what he really stands for is on the sideof the farmer and the farm worker. In a battlebetween time versus truth••• truth must be thevictor" .

How TO DEAL WITH FARM \AbRKERS

. George lng, Southern Washington apple grower.writing hints on how to deal with various"farm labor types" (The Goodfruit Grower.April 15, 1972):

"Groups of Mexican-American males areusually either those with families in Califor­nia or Arizona or the 'green card' peoplewith families in Mexico. They will travel byauto in groups of three to six and are veryproductive workers. We find that they willoften produce three times as much as a manfrom skid row.

Since these people are the most productivein our orchards, they are also in demandin turn demanding a good deal in order to be

satisfied. They will continue to negotiate as longas their demands are met.

The grower needs to understand both theLatin make-up that involves the skill and funof negotiating as part of the society. but alSOunderstand the short Latin temper. He shouldfigure out ways to concede to some of theirneeds and be able to say no to others.

The grower must be ready to very carefullysupervise these fellows and not relax hisconcept of a quality job. After the rules areestablished and with frequent Checking. youwill find that these people are a real pleasureto have on your ranch.

A good psychological approach with Mex­ican-American men is to show an interestin them personally and in their families. Theyare separated from their families and arepleased that you are interested. Often theywant to show pictures of their families andthey are very interested in mail. You canbuild rapport by bringing them a letter fromtheir family to the field rather than havethem wait until the end of the day.

A show of interest. such as a Christmascard, can often get you on their itineraryas a place to stop during a certain periodeach year."

* * *More hints on farm workersfrom apple growerGeorge Ing (The Goodfruit Grower, April 15.1972): '

"Caucasian couples are still a factor inour labor force year around. Usually the manworks and during the harvest season, thewoman will also work. These people aremore stable than other types but have a mult­itude of problems. They often are not legallymarried, one or both drinks, the car isusually broken down, and they need frequentdraws.

Our approach has been t<? try to regimentthem somewhat. They are very responsiveto good housing and also to who else is liv­ing nearby.

We have found that these people will doa conscientious job and a considerable volumeof work. They often have experience andsometimes so much experience that they havecertain ideas about how to perform the jobthat may be different than ours. They musthave good direction and they often have tobe trained carefully.

( This article was first pUblished in the January issue of the Seattle Semi,a Teamster rank and file monthly. -- EL MALCRIADO)

FIllSIr1v10NSATTACKS FARM \\ORKERS

La Paz P.O. Box 62Keene, California 93531

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Published every two weeks as theOfficial voice of the:

UNITED FARM WORKERSAFL-CIO

EL MAL,CIIADO•

No subscription orders acceptedBulk ?rder.C?f 50 prepaid only $5.00

Please specifySpanish or English edition

bring any justice to America's millions ofdowntrodden agricultural workers.

And Fitzsimmons is not just talking. He-and the Teamsters' Executive Board have allo­cated $1,000,000 from the union's treasury tocarry out this jurisdictional war. Needless tosay, the giant agri-corporations will be themain beneficiaries.

The story of the IBT's affair with the growersbegan two years ago, when Teamster negotia­tors sat down next to the barons of agribusinessto draft sweetheart agreements designed to savethe growers from the indignity of having todeal with a real union.

The contracts were neither approved by theworkers. nor were the provisions enforced.

The Teamsters' decision. however, in thewords of Dolores Huerta, UFW Vice-president., 'will not deter us from our struggle to bringthe benefits of real unionism to farm workers:'

TEAMSTERRANK

AND FILEMONTHlY

15¢

PO box 22162Seattle, Wa.

1973

SEATTLESEMIvol. 2 ..........- ig~ ,,, no, 1

JANUARY

Frank Fitzsimmons. General President ofthe Teamsters Union, has now entered an"alliance" with the West's wealthiest and mostpowerful agribusiness interests. representedby the Farm Bureau. Fitzsimmons has joinedthem, rather than see the United FarmWorkers

14 - EL MALCRIADO._ March 9 -1973

Editorial

The Arrogance of the lirowersEvery day, the arrogance of the growers gets

more reckless and cynical. In their haste tomake themselves richer, they poison everything.Witness the latest scandal involving Monitor 4,a nerve gas which endangers the health of farmworkers and consumers alike. Their only concernis filling their coffers. The growers are evenbeing' compensated for the loss of their poisonedlettuce. But what about.farm workers and consu­mers? Who is going to compensate us for thedangers of pesticide poisoning?

Witness the growers' desperate attempts toforce us to sign up with a company union thatknows how to charge dues, but doesn't deliverbenefits. All the growers want is to make theirprofits, poisoning us and'firing us at their whim,without being bothered with protests.

Witness the growers' violence: the injusticesof their courts and the actions of their lackeyslike labor contractor Juan Gomez of Soledad,who can have strikers beaten up and can pull hisgun on workers without having to worry about thepolice.

Witness the company union the growers havechosen to deal with, whose officials' actions area disgrace to the union movement in this country.They are spending their members hard-earned money.in advertising and in sending so-called unionorganizers, paid at 300 dollars a week, into the

fields in an attempt to force us to accept theircorrupt, sweetheart contracts.

In the fields the arrogance of the grower­Teamster alliance comes up against our determina­tion to have our own union. We refuse to signup with the Teamsters and we tell the growersthat there is NO WAY that they can stop our move­ment and that they must sign Union' contractswith the only, true union for farm workers: theUnited Farm Workers.

Our union does not have millions of dollars.That is why our organizers are farm workers, whoknow what it is to work in the fields, who go tothe fields to listen to their sisters and brothersso together they can help the Union grow.

Our union does not have millions, so it can­not be destroyed with millions. It is an indes­tructible union because it is founded on the needsand aspirations of farm workers, because it getsits life from the hearts and souls of farmworkers. In order to destroy our union, theywould have to first destroy us.

Our movement has its roots in the people andfrom those roots comes a'moral force so powerfulthat across the world, women and men of good willrespond to our call to boycott scab lettuce andto boycott Safeway and A&P, the biggest sellers ofscab lettuce. With courage and faith, with deter­mination and solidarity, WE WILL OVERCOME!

R.R. Nachor

UNION OF My CHOICE, ~bT BY FORCE

Antle which holds a contract with them priorto that y~ar. I became a member of the Team­sters along with the rest as employees ofMerrill Farms. We didn't sign voluntarilyin fact we stalled for awhile. But then we weretold that unless we signed, we would be de­prived of our employment. There was noalternative but to comply.

(C) I t was clear all this time that the Team­sters were never interested in the welfareof the farm worker.Aside from paying our dues,we never saw a union representative nor wereasked to attend meetings which I am surecan give us the opportunity to discuss ourgrievances.

In conclusion may I respectfully demandfrom the union leadership and growers alikethat any re-negotiated (;ontracts shall be sub­ject to the approval of the farm workersmembership.

To be a slaveit's getting that way.But to be forced to payto be a slave,I'm not that dumbjust 'cause I'm brown.

To have a Unionis all we want.A Union that caresfor one and all.

Moses Ruiz

I went to Namfor my whole year,just to come backto the job that I like,and work hardas I always did.But to pay to workand get no benefits,it's just like telling methat I'm a slave.And as a slaveI, have to pay.Well, all I have to sayto this:I'm just a field workerand not a slave.

I worked in the fieldsfrom when I was 12I worked so hardI felt like a dog.I like my job'cause that's all I knew.

But now theTeamsters Union

has got my job.To work for a living,I have to pay dues;If I pay no duesthey"they'll take my job.And where would I be?

But in paying them duesI get to work,for no benefits at alland still I work;so hard each dayto feed this nation,everyday.

That's why I work?o hard each dayI know Ithat I'm gettingto be a slave:

Frank MarquartAlbuquerque Boycott Committee

Sincerely

SuGGESTION FOR MALCRIADO

CONGRATULATIONS

To the Editor:

Last week we read about re-negotiationof contracts between the Teamsters Union;about the intentions of the Teamsters to en­force those contracts signed by them with thegrowers.

Now the question arises: Why did the Team­sters wait so long to enforce those contracts:

I think the most appropriate answer tothat question are the following:

(a) These contracts signed by them are sub­ject to ,attack and in my mind were neverconsidered valid. It was never approved bythe rank and file. When I say "rank andfile" I mean all the farm workers who actuallydo the dirty job. I don't mean the truckdrivers nor the packing shed workers. Theyhave different kinds of contracts.

'(b) That there was never a farm workermember of the Teamsters in 1970 except Bud

lam writing to congratulate you and your aidsfor your excellent job of putting out EL MAL­CRIADO. In terms of makeup the paper hasstriking personality, with art work and newsitems attractively balanced.

You will be interested to know that CesarChavez and seventy farm workers attractedan overflowing audience when they appearedin Albuquerque Saturday evening,Feb.lO.When Cesar' came on the platform the effecton the audience was electric. In Americanhistory he will be listed along with such moralgeniuses as Eugene Debs, Martin Luther King,Norman Thomas and A.].Muste.

Again, congratulations to you and your co­workers in La Paz.

Dear Editor:

Feb. 12,1973

TEPJI.3TER CONTRACTS ~bT VALID)ear Friends,

Here's just a suggestion for Malcriado,that just occured to me. Many people havenot been reading the Malcriado regularly. So,for example, this latest issue were the firstone a person reads, or the first in months,he would not be impressed with the importanceof "No on Safeway" & "No on head lettuce."I would suggest a bold- bordered item (likea mini leaflet) in every issue vevery issuetelling people not to shop at Safeway orA&P (&briefly why) and not to eat head lett­uce (&briefly why). The movement is a con­tinuous process and we must never presumethat surely by now everyone knows about theboycott. The lack of concern & caring forothers is blatantly appalling and people needto know it over and over again. Even neigh­bors of mine who have seen "Boycott Lettuce"signs on my car and heard me talk aboutit since the very beginning, will still buy

'lettuce because they are so wrapped up in theirown lives that they forget their sisters andbrothers. ( What is really discouraging to meis when they serve it to me in their home. Ireally wonder where some peoples heads are.)

Of Course all the loving, beautiful, caringpeople more than make up for these insen­sitive ones. But we must remember to keephammering away at these kinds as well-­they represent a very real obstacle even thoughthey are not opposed to the movement. Andevery time they see a Malcriado, they needto see '-Don't Shop at Safeway" AND "Don'teat Lettuce."

Love.Karen Leper

March 9, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO .15

Construction CommitteesRepair Educational Center

At La PazLA PAZ. California~-After two years of hard work. the Farm

Worker Educational Center building is finally nearing completion.Bill Encinas. Farm Worker Fund Administrator. and John Gibson.Director of Construction. agree that progress on the building wouldhave been impossible without the help of the Comites de Construcion.comprised of farm workers from Lamont and Santa Maria.

The volunteers. who are already sacrificing of their time on week­ends. want all Union members to help finish the building by Aprilas planned. The completion of the project will make it possible forthe Union to move forward with its educational programs. featuringweekend sessions.

LOS COMITES DECONSTRUCCION:

Lamont

Raimundo GonzalezFrancisco AvilaJuan de la CruzFrank QuintanaYudi QuintanaArturo QuintanaMary Quintana

Santa Maria

Lino D[azFrancisco DfazJesus SaucedoMiguel YbarraFelipe AvilaLorenzo HernandezAntonio RodrfguezJose Reyes