POL 454POL 454

IRAQ: IRAQ: From autocracy to democracyFrom autocracy to democracy

IRAQ: From Autocracy to Democracy

I. EARLY IRAQ

II. THE BAATH ERA

III. DEMOCRACY FROM ABOVE

Terms to KnowSaddam Hussein Faisal I

Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA)

Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG)

Nuri al-Maliki Faisal II

KDP PUK

De-Baathification Jalal Talabani

“There is…no Iraqi people but unimaginable masses of human beings,

devoid of any patriotic idea,

imbued with religious traditions & absurdities,

connected by no common tie,

giving ear to evil, prone to anarchy, and

perpetually ready to rise against any government.”

http://www.culture-iraq.com/pages/babylon-ruins.html

http://www.worldology.com/Iraq/turk_mongol_rule.htm

I. EARLY IRAQ

1920 Mandate & Revolt

1921 King Faisal I, Constitutional Republic

1932 Independence

1933-39 Ghazi

1939 Faisal II (age 4)

1941 British occupy

1945-58 Republic

http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/images/i/iq_1920.gif http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/iq_kingd.html

http://healingiraq.blogspot.com/iraq-map-province1.JPG

II. THE BA’ATH ERA

1958: Qasim & Arif oust Faisal Qasim jails Arif

1963: Baathists oust Qasim Arif takes power in bloodless coup

1968: Baathists oust Arif’s brother Revolutionary Command Council (RCC)

Pres. & RCC Chair Ahmad Hasan al-Bakr RCC Vice-chair & VP Saddam Hussein

The Saddam Era1979-2003

Personal Rule eclipses Party

Secular, socialist, nationalist

Arabism Vs. Persians & Kurds

Islam & anti-zionism Vs. Gulf War coalition Women’s rights erode

III. DEMOCRACY FROM ABOVE

2003-2004 Coalition Provisional Authority +DeBaathification

June ‘04 Sovereignty

1/30/05 Transitional National Assembly+Constitution adopted 10/05

12/15/05 Elections

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/7874180.stm http://www.lebanonwire.com/0601MN/Iraq_election_results.gif

Iraqi Government:quasi-consociationalism Prime Minister

Nuri al-Maliki

President Jalal Talabani

Kurdish Regional Government

Speaker Sunni Hajim al-Hassani

Iraqi Society

SUNNI Former Baathists Saddam loyalists Al Qaeda Sons of Iraq

SHI’A Sadr & Badr

Brigades

KURDS KDP & PUK Ansar al-Islam PKK

http://video.nytimes.com/video/2010/12/12/world/middleeast/1248069435923/iraq-christians-on-the-run.html

2010 ELECTIONS

National Alliance (State of Law + INA)

PM Nouri Maliki

Presidency: Kurds

Iyad Allawi of al-Iraqiyya heads Council for National Strategy

al-Iraqiyya’s Osama Nujaifi to be Speaker.http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-11732158

http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Middle-East/2010/1221/Iraq-s-new-government-raises-hopes-even-as-key-ministries-go-unfilled