poland-finland seminar day 15.5
TRANSCRIPT
Poland-Finland Seminar Day 15.5.2014
Mining related research at the
Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering –
research groupD.Sc.(Tech.) Satu Pitkäaho
Professor, Docent Riitta KeiskiMass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering (MHTPE)
Faculty of Technology
University of Oulu (UOulu) [email protected], http://www.oulu.fi/pyolam/
Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering (MHTPE)
Environmental and Chemical Engineering (ECE)
www.oulu.fi/pyolamProf. Riitta Keiski
Faculty of technology
FACTS (2014)
Staff: 40
1 full professor
1 university lecturer
4 university teachers
6 postdoctoral researchers
24 doctoral students
2 assisting personnel
3 administration personnel
2 senior research fellows (not staff)
CATALYSIS AND PHOTOCATALYSIS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
MODELLING AND SIMULATION
SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT
COMBINING CATALYSIS AND SEPARATION TO
HYBRID TECHNOLOGIES - Utilization of
modelling and sustainability assessment
Environment, natural
resources and materials
Biosciences and health
Cultural identity and interaction
Informationtechnology
Architecture
Mining and mineral
engineering
Steel research
Business and economy
Research based teacher education
University of Oulu, Focus areas
Focus area: Environment, Natural Resources and Materials• Environmental issues, natural resources and energy economy• Materials science, properties and behaviour of matter, catalysts and
material innovations • Modelling and computational science
Geosciences
Chemistry
Material Science
Engineering
The MISSION of the ADMA-DP is:
1) to execute high-level national and international research on natural and man-made materials and
technologies for sustainable production processes and environmental applications, and
2) to educate highly multidisciplinary researchers and experts for universities, research centres and
industry.
Director Prof. Riitta Keiski, Coordinator Dr. Satu PitkäahoMajor subjects covered by ADMA:
Engineering, Natural sciences, Environmental sciences
Doctoral degrees that can be obtained through the ADMA-DP:
– D.Sc.(Tech) - Doctor of Science (Technology)
– Ph.D. - Doctor of Philosophy
ADMA-DP consist of 3 Faculties* and 11 research groups*Faculty of Technology, Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, and Faculty of Science
ADMA-DP is one of UniOGS (UO Graduate School) 9 Doctoral Programmes
Mining Industry Related Research at the MHTPE
• BePGE I and II – Advanced and Sustainable Beneficiation of PGM in
Sulphide Poor Platinum Deposits,
January 2008 – September 2012
• Sulphur Containing Emissions in Mining Industry – SULKA
June 2012 – December 2014
• Hybrid Membrane Process for Water Treatment - HYMEPRO
applied in mining and metallurgical industry,
September 2011 – December 2014
• AdMatU - Design of adsorption materials and units for water treatment
for rural Peruvian areas – Use of activated carbon obtained from
domestic agricultural materials,
October 2013 ̶ September 2015
• Sustainability Assessment Analysis and Criteria Development
BePGE I and II – Advanced and Sustainable Beneficiation of
PGM in Sulphide Poor Platinum Deposits
(2008 – 2012)
The Finnish
Funding
Agency for
Technology
and
Innovation
Kevitsa Mining Oy
Nortec Minerals
Heikki Miettunen
Fundamental knowledge of surface chemistry – flotation chemicals and CO2
1. Synthetisation of the end-phase minerals found in PGE ores
Sperrylite (PtAs2), kotulskite (PdTe), merenskyite (PdTe2), moncheite (PtTe2) and
melonite (NiTe2)
2. Analysis of adsorption of flotation chemicals and CO2
Characterization of effect of CO2 and flotation chemicals
- surface electrochemical potentials
- fluid redox state
3. Separation efficiency
Micro flotation experiments for synthetic minerals (2 g batches)
Laboratory scale flotation experiments (700 g, drill core samples)
Environmental, social and economical issues
4. Sustainability assessment
Study of clean or contaminated CO2 usage in the industrial process and how it affects to
the sustainability of the process. (Use of CO2 as a Flotation Aid Chemical)
Researcher exchange of Heikki Miettunen: The Centre for Minerals Research at the University of Cape
Town, Prof. O´Connor. Microflotation and Magotteaux milling tests in this project.
Sulphur containing emissions in mining industry
– SULKA (2012-2014)
Satu Pitkäaho
The project is realized under Oulu Mining School (www.oulumining.fi)
and SkyPro Oulu Clean Air Cluster (www.oulu.fi/skypro)
The research is divided between 5 research groups:
(1) UOulu, Mass and Heat Transfer Process Engineering, OULU
(MHTPE)
(2) UOulu, CEMIS-OULU Sotkamo Unit, SOTKAMO (CEMIS)
(3) UOulu, Kokkola University Consortium Chydenius, KOKKOLA
(Chydenius)
(4) The Geological Survey of Finland, ROVANIEMI (GTK)
(5) Lapland University of Applied Sciences, KEMI (TOKEM)
SULKA –project
is divided into 10 work packages:
The main aim is to generate new information about the environmental impact of sulphur emissions
originating from mining industry, and to develop new methods to measure and monitor but also to
minimize the sulphur containing emissions coming from mining industry.
WP0 Project coordination (MHTPE)
WP1 Survey of the most resent measuring and minimizing methods available for sulphur
containing emissions (gaseous, liquid and particulate emissions containing sulfur) (MHTPE)
WP2 Reduction of sulphur compounds in mining waters (MHTPE)
WP3 Development of the water measurements (capillary electrophoresis) (CEMIS)
WP4 Criticality analysis from the environmental point of view and knowledge management in
preventing the sulphur emissions (TOKEM)
WP5 Abatement of sulphur containing air emissions (MHTPE)
WP6 Treatment of sulphur containing water emissions (Chydenius)
WP7 Development of membrane technology for water treatment (MHTPE)
WP8 Evaluation of environmental impact of sulphur containing emissions (GTK)
WP9 Development of tools for sustainability assessment analysis (MHTPE)
Riitta Keiski, Professor, D.Sc.(Tech.)
Responsible leader of SULKA
+358 40 726 3018
Satu Pitkäaho, D.Sc.(Tech.)
Project Coordinator
+358 40 359 3434
Satu Ojala, D.Sc.(Tech.)
WP 1 and WP 5
Jarkko Räty, Ph.D.
WP 3
Seppo Saari, D.Sc.(Tech.)
WP 4
Contact information
Ulla Lassi, Professor, D.Sc.(Tech.)
WP 6
Junkal Landaburu-Aguirre, D.Sc.(Tech.)
WP 7
Raija Pietilä, Geologist
WP 8
Paula Saavalainen, M.Sc.(Chem.)
WP 9
Hybrid Membrane Process for Water Treatment (HYMEPRO)
applied in mining and metallurgical industry
1.9.2011 – 31.12.2014
HYBRID
Minna Pirilä
1. University of OuluDepartment of Process and Environmental Engineering, Mass
and Heat Transfer Process Laboratory,
prof. Riitta Keiski, Responsible leader of the project
(UOulu/MHTPL)
2. Lappeenranta University of TechnologyLaboratory of Membrane Technologies,
prof. Mika Mänttäri (LUT/Membrane)
Advanced Surface Technology Research Laboratory,
prof. David Cameron (LUT/ASTRaL)
Laboratory of Green Chemistry,
prof. Mika Sillanpää (LUT/LGC)
Research consortium:
The Finnish
Funding Agency
for Technology and
Innovation
Other research partners in HYMEPRO1. Corvinus University of Budapest, Department of Food Engineering, Hungary, Prof. Gyula
Vatai (CUB)
2. Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech
Republic, v.v.i., Department of Catalysis and Reaction Engineering, Dr. Olga Šolcová (ICPF)
3. National University of Engineering, Lima, Peru, Science Faculty, Functional Materials
Laboratory, Assoc. Prof. José Solís Veliz, (NUE)
Other international collaboration:
University of Malaga (Spain); University of Cantabria (Spain); Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai (India);
University of Szeged (Hungary); University of Calabria (Italy); University Chouaïb Doukkali of El Jadida (Morocco);
University Rovira I Virgili (Spain); Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research (Germany); RWTH Aachen (Germany);
University of Bath (UK); Dublin City University (IRL); University of Lehigh (USA); IIT and AIT (India); University of Dresden
(Germany); University of Vigo (Spain); Technical University of Hong Kong (China); University of Tokyo (Japan)
Minna Pirilä
To develop a hybrid membrane process for innovative water
treatment
Membrane technology, photocatalysis and adsorption
Simultaneous removal, recovery and degradation of arsenic, heavy
metals, nutrients and organic compounds
HYBRID
Objectives in HYMEPRO
To design and develop reactive catalytic membranes with proper porous structure and activity
By immobilization of photocatalysts and adsorption materials on the membrane surface, by ALD-
technique and other selected preparation techniques.
By testing of photocatalytic materials for the visible light region and for the use in catalytic
membranes.
Minna Pirilä
Sustainability evaluation of the developed hybrid process using sustainability assessment
analysis as a tool.
Towards Green Mining - The results of the project will benefit the sustainability of mining industry by:
• Minimizing the wastewater volumes
• Reducing the harm towards the environment by eliminating nutrient and heavy metal discharges
• Improving the resource efficiency of valuable compounds
• Promoting water re-use reducing freshwater consumption
• Converting waste and side-products into valuable and recyclable raw materials
Prof. Riitta Keiski
Tel. +358 40 7263018
Minna Pirilä
(adsorption,
photocatalysis)
Tel. +358 50 5281119
Junkal Landaburu
(membranes)
Tel. +358 50 3504984
Piia Häyrynen
(membranes)
Tel. +358 50 3503073
Liisa Myllykoski
(economic issues)
Tel. +358 40 0688452
Paula Saavalainen
(sustainability)
Tel. +358 50 5262083
Kaisu Ainassaari
(separation processes)
Tel. +358 50 3500709
Mika Huuhtanen
(catalysis)
Tel. +358 50 3502957
Contact information
Minna Pirilä
1: University of Oulu, Faculty of Technology, Mass and
Heat Transfer Process Laboratory, Oulu, Finland,
Prof. Riitta Keiski
2: National University of Engineering, Science Faculty,
Functional Materials Laboratory, Lima, Peru,
Prof. Jose Solis
3. National University of Tumbes, Agro-science Faculty,
Environmental & Forestry Analysis Laboratory–Chemical
Laboratory, Peru. Assos. Prof. Gerardo Cruz
14Design of adsorption materials and units for water treatment for
rural Peruvian areas – Use of activated carbon obtained from
domestic agricultural materials - AdMatU (2013-2015)
Research consortium:
AdMatU – OBJECTIVESThe development of a drinking water purification system for rural areas• To design a simple, reliable and viable water treatment unit (HYBRID)
• To utilize solid carbon residues for the removal of arsenic, heavy metals, and organic
compounds from waters and wastewaters
• To develop and test photocatalytic materials for water and wastewater treatment
• To develop methods and criteria to analyze sustainability of the new processes designed,
special attention is paid to low cost, easy access and use as well as acceptability of the new
technology
• To increase the awareness of environmental benign issues by sharing knowledge and advising
the becoming experts and local people to adopt a sustainable way of acting.
15
AdMatU – TASKSTask 1. Preparation of adsorption materials from forest and agro residues, e.g. coffee husk, mango
seeds, cocoa pod husk and lemon essential oil wastes (task leader: NUT)Task 2. Preparation of photocatalytic materials, e.g. from Ti- and Fe-based industrial side products (NUE)
Task 3. Testing adsorption materials for water purification and making a prototype for small scale use (NUT)
Task 4. Testing photocatalytic materials for water purification (NUE)
Task 5. Developing hybrid method for water treatment and making a prototype for small scale use (UO)
Task 6. Sustainability assessment for all process alternatives (UO)
Task 7. Educational issues (All partners)
Task 8. Dissemination (All partners)
The Triple Bottom Line
• Economic sustainability is not only profit
– includes also customer and supply chain relations
– return on investment to the whole community
• Environmental impact assessment is well incorporated to industrial
practices and employee education
– Yet end-of-pipe thinking still prevails
• Social sustainability aspects
– Human rights and labour conditions
– Impacts felt by the surrounding society
– Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and ISO 26000 on Social
Responsibility considered in early design phases
Reference.: Verify Technologies Limited 2006-2008 http://www.verifysustainability.com/Pie%20Diagram/PieDiagram_Open_Page.aspx
Paula Saavalainen
ENVIRONMENTAL
SOCIAL ECONOMIC
The triple bottom line (TBL) involves profitability
in terms of
Environmental, Social and Economic investment
Sustainable centric process design is about finding a process that converts the
raw materials to the desired product/service in a more sustainable manner.
Sustainability Assessment Analysis and Criteria
Sustainable development indicators for
mining and minerals industry
Ref.: Azapagic, A. 2004. Developing a framework for sustainable development indicators for the mining and minerals industry. Journal of Cleaner production 12, 639-622Paula Saavalainen
Biodiversity lossEmissions to air
Energy useGlobal warming and other env.
ImpactsLand use, management and
rehabilitationNuisance
Product toxicityResource use and availability
Solid wasteWater use, effluents and leachates
(including acid mine drainage)
Creation of employmentEmployee education and skills
developmentEqual opportunities and non-
discriminationHealth and safety
Human rights and business ethicsLabour and management
relationshipRelationship with local communities
Stakeholder involvementWealth distribution
Bribery and corruption
Contribution to GDP and wealth creation
Costs, sales and profitsDistribution of revenues and wealthInvestments (capital, employees,
communities, pollution prevention and mine
closure)Shareholder value
Value adde
-4
-2
0
2
4
CO2 grinding environment
Air grinding environment
Profit
Investment
Value
Sustainable
Resource
Management
Product
responsibility
Environmental
Impact
Labour
practices
Human
rights
Society
Sustainability evaluations focus mainly
environmental issues → All sustainability aspects
should be taken into account
A demand for defining common criteria for
sustainability assessment analysis
Need for a Design for Sustainability tool, to
answer the question: what should our process
look like to drive sustainable industrial practices?
Researchers and engineers should be
educated to the TBL concepts to enhance the
sustainability of process planning.
Using the sustainability assessment analysis
in an early stage of the chemical process
design competitive advantage can be gained
when e.g. marketing the process.
The tool developed is tested in evaluating new
processes and reaction routes and further
developed based on the results gained.
Future directions:
Paula Saavalainen
Sustainability assessment
Conclusions
Today’s challenges in mining industry: complexity of ores, vulnerable and
scarce natural resources, pronounced environmental concerns and regulations
Driving forces for the research: climate change, need for strategic metals and
minerals and resource scarcity
Examples of Novel methods in mining industry related research
• BePGe – CO2 and micro- flotation, synthetic minerals
• HYMEPRO – hybrid processes
• SULKA - environmental impact of sulphur containing emissions, new
methods to measure, monitor and minimize sulphur containing emissions,
and new sustainability assessment tool for their evaluation
Prof. Riitta Keiski
University of Oulu
Academy of Finland
Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation – Tekes
The Council of the Region and EU Regional Funds – EAKR
Graduate School in Energy Science and Technology – EST
University of Oulu Graduate School - UniOGS
Finnish Doctoral Programme in Environmental Science and
Technology – EnSTe
Graduate School for Chemical Engineering – GSCE
EU FP7, ESF and COST Office (COST Actions 543 and CM0904)
Foundations
Funding Acknowledgements
Thank you©Karelian kuva