policy issues in urban development and housing infrastructure current status current status ongoing...
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POLICY ISSUES IN POLICY ISSUES IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND HOUSING AND HOUSING INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE
Current statusCurrent status Ongoing activitiesOngoing activities ChallengesChallenges Government StrategyGovernment Strategy
SECTOR INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK
MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT
Human SettlementDivision
LAND ADMINISTRATION
DEPARTMENT
URBAN DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
CONSTRUCTION @ PUBLIC SERVICES
DEPARTMENT
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Housing FinanceDivisionLand Ownership
Division
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CURRENT STATUS, FUTURE PRESPECTIVE AND CHALLENGES IN THE REGIONAL AND
URBAN DEVELOPMENT
HSD
• Current status
• Ongoing activities
• Challenges
• Government strategy
CURRENT POLICIES ON REGIONAL CURRENT POLICIES ON REGIONAL DEVELOPMENTDEVELOPMENT
The regional development concept has been The regional development concept has been brought to the Government policy level and brought to the Government policy level and the basic legal documents have been the basic legal documents have been approved to support regions’ development:approved to support regions’ development:
Main development axis of the country’s development Main development axis of the country’s development – Millennium Road and 5 infrastructure development – Millennium Road and 5 infrastructure development axis for the regions - 2001 axis for the regions - 2001
Regional Development Concept of Mongolia-2001 Regional Development Concept of Mongolia-2001 8 Pillar centers for each region have been identified-8 Pillar centers for each region have been identified-
20032003 Master plans of Pillar centers have approved-2005Master plans of Pillar centers have approved-2005 Mid-term Regional Development Strategy-2003 Mid-term Regional Development Strategy-2003 The Law of Mongolia on Regionalized Development The Law of Mongolia on Regionalized Development
Management and Coordination -2003 Management and Coordination -2003
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ECONOMIC REGIONSECONOMIC REGIONS
MONGOLIA
KHANGAI
REGION
CENTRAL
REGION
EASTERN
REGION
WESTERN
REGION
UN
DO
RK
HA
AN
CH
OIB
ALS
AN
DA
RK
HA
N
ZU
UN
MO
D
KH
AR
KH
OR
IN
ER
DEN
ET
KH
OV
D
ULIA
STA
I
ULAAN-BAATAR REGION
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The major cities established during The major cities established during the evolution of the modern urban the evolution of the modern urban
developmentdevelopmentIn these cities the In these cities the
urbanization urbanization process is process is intensive, intensive, construction and construction and population population densities are high;densities are high;
Industries and Industries and services are well services are well developed;developed;
Social services are Social services are adequate;adequate;
Physical Physical infrastructure is infrastructure is relatively well relatively well developed.developed.
NAMENAME Population Population (‘000) as (‘000) as of end of of end of
20042004
Share in Share in the the
country’s country’s populatiopopulatio
nn
Ulaanbaatar-the Ulaanbaatar-the Capital cityCapital city
915.5915.5 36.536.5
Erdenet – Copper Erdenet – Copper Mine TownMine Town
80.880.8 3.223.22
Darkhan – Darkhan – Industrial CenterIndustrial Center
74.374.3 2.92.9
Choibalsan – Choibalsan – Center of Dornod Center of Dornod ProvinceProvince
40.640.6 1.61.6
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Regional Pillar CentersRegional Pillar Centers
In these cities the In these cities the concentration of the concentration of the population is relatively population is relatively high; high;
Industries, services, Industries, services, and adequate social and adequate social services and services and infrastructure facilities infrastructure facilities are developed.are developed.
NameName Polula-Polula-tiontion
%%
ErdenetErdenet 80.880.8 3.223.22
DarkhanDarkhan 74.374.3 2.962.96
ChoibalsanChoibalsan 40.640.6 1.621.62
KhovdKhovd 32.332.3 1.281.28
UndorkhaanUndorkhaan 16.916.9 0.670.67
UliastaiUliastai 15.615.6 0.620.62
ZuunmodZuunmod 14.514.5 0.580.58
KharkhorinKharkhorin 13.513.5 0.540.54Home page
STATUS AND FUNCTIONS STATUS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE PILLAR CENTERSOF THE PILLAR CENTERS
The pillar center is the “State city or town with The pillar center is the “State city or town with infrastructure facilities that are appropriately infrastructure facilities that are appropriately located for connecting the region with located for connecting the region with international and domestic markets”international and domestic markets”..
The regional pillar center shall be the The regional pillar center shall be the administrative, industrial, business, administrative, industrial, business, scientific, whole sale, service, tourism scientific, whole sale, service, tourism center of the Region and social service center of the Region and social service center for its population.center for its population.
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Regions, Pillar Centers, Vertical and Horizontal Regions, Pillar Centers, Vertical and Horizontal Infrastructure Axis, Adequate Service Coverage Infrastructure Axis, Adequate Service Coverage
AreaArea
Capital city
Regional CenterProvincial Center
Vertical axis within regions
Millenium road
Regional border
DENSELY POPULATED AREA
ADEQUATE SERVICE COVERAGE ADEQUATE SERVICE COVERAGE AREA OF THE VERTICAL AXISAREA OF THE VERTICAL AXIS
Tsagaannuur
Yarant
Burgastai
Shiveehuren
Zamyn-Uud
Bichigt
Arshaant
EreentsavAltanbulag
KhankhBorshoo
ChoibalsanULAANBAATAR
Khar Khorin
UliastaiKhovd
TesUlyhan
Зураг 5
Undurkhaan
ERDENET
Zuunmod
DARKHAN
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Master Plans for Pillar Master Plans for Pillar CentersCenters
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The Master Plans for the The Master Plans for the development of regional pillar development of regional pillar centers – Khovd, Uliastai, centers – Khovd, Uliastai, Kharkhorin, Erdenet, Zuunmod, Kharkhorin, Erdenet, Zuunmod, Darkhan, Choibalsan, Darkhan, Choibalsan, Undorkhaan till 2020 have been Undorkhaan till 2020 have been developed and are currently at developed and are currently at the stage of approval by the the stage of approval by the Government. Government.
WHAT THE MASTER PLANS HAVE WHAT THE MASTER PLANS HAVE IDENTIFIEDIDENTIFIED
Economic development of the country and Economic development of the country and the regionsthe regions
Role and functions of the pillar centers for Role and functions of the pillar centers for human settlement trendhuman settlement trend
Future perspective of the urban Future perspective of the urban development, including infrastructure development, including infrastructure developmentdevelopment
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Challenges Encountering Challenges Encountering Pillar CentersPillar Centers
Priority issues need to be addressed Priority issues need to be addressed are the rehabilitation of the waste are the rehabilitation of the waste water treatment plants in Zuunmod, water treatment plants in Zuunmod, Erdenet, upgrading heating supply Erdenet, upgrading heating supply in Khovd, increasing water supply in in Khovd, increasing water supply in Uliastai, constructing flood Uliastai, constructing flood protection in Undorkhaan, and protection in Undorkhaan, and constructing inner-city roads in constructing inner-city roads in Kharkhorin and Choibalsan. Kharkhorin and Choibalsan.
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Estimated Initial Investment Needs for the Estimated Initial Investment Needs for the Pillar Centers Pillar Centers (mln. USD)(mln. USD)
Cities Roads Flood protec-tion
Heating Water supply
and sewerag
e
Electri-city
Communi-cation and Information system
Total
KHOVD 22.2 1.66 2.4 1.15 0.4 5.22 33.03
ULIASTAI 0.38 0.08 0.33 2.32 0.08 1.88 5.07
KHARKHORIN
1.18 0.75 1.66 1.02 1.1 2.07 7.78
ERDENET 0.59 1.43 0.93 1.3 1.12 0.98 6.35
ZUUNMOD 2.33 0.18 0.94 0.36 0.28 4.09
DARKHAN 1.75 12.5 7.04 0.97 0.29 22.55
CHOIBALSAN 2800 0.1 2500 0.3 0.75 0.22 5301.37
UNDORKHAAN
0.77 0.1 0.12 0.84 0.04 0.58 2.45
TOTAL 2829.2 168.0 2512.48 8.84 4.14 11.23 5382.69
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PROVINCIAL CENTERSPROVINCIAL CENTERS Despite pillar centers there are other 14 Despite pillar centers there are other 14
provincial towns. provincial towns. Average population of provincial towns – Average population of provincial towns –
10,000-25,00010,000-25,000 In total there are 280,000 thousand people In total there are 280,000 thousand people
are residing in the Provincial Centers making are residing in the Provincial Centers making up 11.1% of the country’s total population.up 11.1% of the country’s total population.
In the Provincial towns urbanization trend is In the Provincial towns urbanization trend is not intensive, industries, services and social not intensive, industries, services and social safety and infrastructure network are poorly safety and infrastructure network are poorly developed, construction density is low.developed, construction density is low.
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Challenges for Urban Challenges for Urban Development Development
Human capacity:Human capacity:- Lack of urban planning specialists;Lack of urban planning specialists;- Professional skills of the available urban Professional skills of the available urban
planners are poor, they are not trained for planners are poor, they are not trained for bottom-up approach in urban planning;bottom-up approach in urban planning;
- Due attention is not given to the urban Due attention is not given to the urban planning at both community and planning at both community and Government levels.Government levels.
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Challenges for Urban Challenges for Urban Development Development (Continued)(Continued)
Land managementLand management• Land ownership preceded the planning Land ownership preceded the planning
process, causing informal settlement process, causing informal settlement and unplanned constructionand unplanned construction
• Land Management Master Plans are Land Management Master Plans are lagging behind of Urban Development lagging behind of Urban Development Master Plans.Master Plans.
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Challenges for Urban Challenges for Urban Development Development (Continued)(Continued)
Economic issuesEconomic issues• Uncoordinated activities between the Uncoordinated activities between the
financial and construction sectorsfinancial and construction sectors• Economic efficiency assessment approach Economic efficiency assessment approach
currently being used is outdated currently being used is outdated • Lack of advanced economic management Lack of advanced economic management
method results in inefficient or poor quality method results in inefficient or poor quality of constructionsof constructions
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Challenges for Urban Challenges for Urban Development Development (Continued)(Continued) Environment and ecologyEnvironment and ecology
Air pollution due to smoke generated by Air pollution due to smoke generated by the increasingly expanded ger areas is the increasingly expanded ger areas is becoming pressing issue.becoming pressing issue.
Urban green plantation area per person is Urban green plantation area per person is 5-6 times lower than that of international 5-6 times lower than that of international standard, while the land plots for standard, while the land plots for development purposes are being awarded development purposes are being awarded destroying existing green areasdestroying existing green areas
Due to lack of poor living standard of the Due to lack of poor living standard of the population and protection of forests and population and protection of forests and river basins and the in the vicinity of urban river basins and the in the vicinity of urban areas they are being badly destroyedareas they are being badly destroyed
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Ways to address the Ways to address the challengeschallenges
1.1. Urban governanceUrban governance Bottom-up approach with high Bottom-up approach with high
professional participation is needed in the professional participation is needed in the sectorsector..
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Ways to address the challengesWays to address the challenges(continued)(continued)
2. Improving urban planning efforts and 2. Improving urban planning efforts and strengthening capacitiesstrengthening capacities Consider in the Cities’ Master Plans the Consider in the Cities’ Master Plans the
current rapid socio-economic changes, current rapid socio-economic changes, Advance methodology and standards of urban Advance methodology and standards of urban
planning to an international level and launch planning to an international level and launch reform of the urban planning system; reform of the urban planning system;
Intensify training and re-training of the urban Intensify training and re-training of the urban planners and urban development specialists;planners and urban development specialists;
Develop cooperation with the international Develop cooperation with the international professional agenciesprofessional agencies
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Ways to address the Ways to address the challengeschallenges(continued)(continued)
Land and Urban DevelopmentLand and Urban Development Create an unified database on construction, urban Create an unified database on construction, urban
planning, land management, land ownership, planning, land management, land ownership, possession, utilization and assessment, and possession, utilization and assessment, and immovable property; create opportunities for citizens immovable property; create opportunities for citizens to gain bureaucracy-free access to that information to gain bureaucracy-free access to that information they are entitled to; they are entitled to;
Improve coordination between the land ownership in Improve coordination between the land ownership in urban areas and urban planning;urban areas and urban planning;
Identify urban development zoning in coordination Identify urban development zoning in coordination with land management.with land management.
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Ways to address the Ways to address the challengeschallenges(continued)(continued) Economy and UrbanizationEconomy and Urbanization
Conduct administrative reforms and Conduct administrative reforms and investment policies in accordance with investment policies in accordance with population density, infrastructure and public population density, infrastructure and public service concentration;service concentration;
Improve coordination between financial Improve coordination between financial and construction sectorsand construction sectors
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Ways to address the Ways to address the challengeschallenges(continued)(continued)
Environment and EcologyEnvironment and Ecology Re-plan the ger areas,Re-plan the ger areas, connect connect
them to engineering network and them to engineering network and introduce sophisticated introduce sophisticated technology in heat supply and technology in heat supply and waste water treatment; waste water treatment;
Develop management for Develop management for protection of river basins and protection of river basins and places of natural beauty;places of natural beauty;
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Expected resultsExpected results
Addressing the above issues in a Addressing the above issues in a coordinated manner will allow to coordinated manner will allow to develop economically sustainable develop economically sustainable and environmentally friendly modern and environmentally friendly modern urban areas with a aim to provide urban areas with a aim to provide normal living and working conditions normal living and working conditions for the citizens, efficient international for the citizens, efficient international and domestic connections and and domestic connections and maximum community participation. maximum community participation.
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Thank you for your Thank you for your attention attention
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