POLICY OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIAPOLICY OF LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA

INDONESIA – ACIAR CONSULTATION Jakarta, 19 - 20 February 2007

Directorate General of Livestock ServicesMinistry of Agriculture

DIRECTORATE GENERAL DIRECTORATE GENERAL OF LIVESTOCK SERVICES OF LIVESTOCK SERVICES

(DGLS)(DGLS)

EXECUTIVE SECRETARY

DIRECTORATE OF NON RUMINANT

ANIMALPRODUCTION

DIRECTORATE OF

ANIMAL BREEDING

DIRECTORATE OF ANIMAL HEALTH

DIRECTORATE OFVETERINARY

PUBLIC HEALTH

DIRECTORATEOF RUMINANT

ANIMAL PRODUCTION

F U N C T I O N A L G R O U P

TASK AND FUNCTIONTASK AND FUNCTION

DGLS main task is to formulate and implement policy andProviding technical standardization on livestock sub sector.

In order to carry out the task, therefore DGLS functions are :1. To prepare policy formulation for animal breeding, ruminant and

non ruminant production, animal health and veterinary public health

2. Policy implementation on animal breeding, ruminant and non ruminant production, animal health and veterinary public health

3. To formulate standards, norms, guidelines, criteria and procedures on animal breeding, ruminant and non ruminant production, animal health and veterinary public health

4. To provide technical assistance and evaluation on animal breeding, ruminant and non ruminant production, animal health and veterinary public health

PROJECTION OF LIVESTOCK POPULATION

No.No. Livestock SpeciesLivestock Species 20052005

(million heads)(million heads)

20092009

(million heads)(million heads)

1.1. Beef CattleBeef Cattle 11.0511.05 12.4312.43

2.2. Dairy CattleDairy Cattle 0.380.38 0.490.49

3.3. Sheep and GoatSheep and Goat 23.2523.25 29.2629.26

4.4. LayerLayer 104.57104.57 133.62133.62

5.5. BroilerBroiler 980.84980.84 1,424.221,424.22

Source : Data and Information Sub Division of DGLS

PROJECTION OF LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION

No.No. Livestock Livestock ProductsProducts

20052005 20092009

ProductionProduction

(000 ton)(000 ton)

ConsumptionConsumption

(000 ton)(000 ton)

ProductionProduction

(000 ton)(000 ton)

ConsumptionConsumption

(000 ton)(000 ton)

1.1. BeefBeef 275,76275,76 379,23379,23 290,03290,03 465,27465,27

2.2. MuttonMutton 85,1185,11 85,1185,11 119,73119,73 119,73119,73

3.3. Chicken meatChicken meat 1.078,921.078,92 1.078,921.078,92 1.566,651.566,65 1.566,651.566,65

4.4. EggEgg 1.114,921.114,92 1.108,481.108,48 1.424,711.424,71 1.416,511.416,51

5.5. MilkMilk 646,54646,54 2.253,402.253,40 801,02801,02 3.280,433.280,43

Source : Data and Information Sub Division of DGLS

PROJECTION OF ANIMAL PROTEIN CONSUMPTION 2005-2009(gram/cap/day)

YEARYEAR 20052005 20062006 20072007 20082008 20092009

Gram/cap/dayGram/cap/day 5,15,1 5,45,4 5,75,7 6,16,1 6,66,6

Source : Data and Information Sub Division of DGLS

ROLES OF LIVESTOCK SUB SECTORROLES OF LIVESTOCK SUB SECTOR

LIVESTOCKSUB SECTOR

AgribusinessSystem

AgribusinessSystem

Development ofEnvironment

Development ofEnvironment

Development ofHuman ResourcesDevelopment of

Human Resources

Food SecurityFood Security

PovertyAllevationPoverty

Allevation

Trade of FoodAnd Non-Food

Commodity

Trade of FoodAnd Non-Food

Commodity

Agriculture SectorAgriculture Sector

LIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT REVISITEDLIVESTOCK DEVELOPMENT REVISITED

MOTTO

MISION

“Clean and Care” General principle: Good governance and

pro-poor oriented

1. To formulate and implement livestock policy2. To organize and facilitate the development of breeding, farming,

animal health and veterinary public health 3. To increase professionalism and integrity on public administration

organization

VISION“To be a strong and professional livestock services institution to achieve livestock based on local resources, competitive, and sustainable to meet demand and increase farmer welfare”

OBJECTIVES

1. Decrease beef production deficit (from 28.3% to10% of total demand)2. Decrease milk production deficit3. Increase chicken production from 1.1 billion heads to 1.3 billion heads4. Initiate small ruminant export to Middle Eastern countries5. Develop Pig production export by to 5% per year6. To include Quail in the livestock sub sector products list

MACRO

TECHNICAL

1. Gross Domestic Products growth estimate of 4.45% (Rp. 3.230 billion) at constant price 2000

2. Increased of farmers income by around 10%

JOB OPPORTUNITY Increase man power participation in livestock sub sector

Promote of livestock business company

POVERTY ALLEVIATIONTo support poverty alleviation

POLICY INSTRUMENTPOLICY INSTRUMENT

1. Improving Livestock Breeding System2. Eradication of the strategic contagious animal disease3. Development of feed source development4. Promote Food safety

1. Completing amandement of livestock legislation law No. 6/19672. Revision & Study of regulation (SK and SE)3. Develop participatory planning and “bottom-up planning”4. Law Enforcement

1. Agribusiness Development2. Food Security Improvement3. Community Empowerment

1. Technical Policy Instrument

2. Regulation

3. Program

Strategic Work Plan for the Control ofStrategic Work Plan for the Control of HPAI in Animals in Indonesia HPAI in Animals in Indonesia

Avian Influenza Control Campaign 2006 -2008Avian Influenza Control Campaign 2006 -2008

THE CAMPAIGN APPROACH

The objectives of establishing a Campaign operated through a Campaign Management Unit are to:

•focus and drive resolution of the problem by following a systematic programme

•provide adaptive management with external technical assistance

•coordinate national and international resources available

•provide standard operating procedures

•monitor progress

THE CAMPAIGN ELEMENTS

Element 1 CAMPAIGN MANAGEMENT

Element 2 ENHANCEMENT OF HPAI CONTROL IN ANIMALS

Element 3 SURVEILLANCE AND EPIDEMIOLOGY

Element 4 LABORATORY SERVICES

Element 5 NATIONAL ANIMAL QUARANTINE SERVICES

Element 6 LEGISLATION AND ENFORCEMENT

Element 7 COMMUNICATIONS

Element 8 RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Element 9 INDUSTRY RESTRUCTURING

Dairy Development Programin Indonesia

Dairy Institution in IndonesiaDairy Institution in IndonesiaDirectorate General of Livestock Services

(DGLS)

Provincial Livestock Services

District Livestock Services

Dairy Cooperatives Milk Processing IndustriesGKSI

Dairy farmer/group

DAIRY CATTLE ISSUES:DAIRY CATTLE ISSUES:DAIRY CATTLE ISSUES:DAIRY CATTLE ISSUES:

Dairy cattle population 381 thousand heads, Dairy cattle population 381 thousand heads, breed of Friesian Holstein (FH) with productive breed of Friesian Holstein (FH) with productive cows approx. 60%, around 40 % are in cows approx. 60%, around 40 % are in lactation period, mostly distributed in Javalactation period, mostly distributed in Java

Artificial insemination program, medics and Artificial insemination program, medics and paramedics Vet & extension workers, recording paramedics Vet & extension workers, recording needed to be improved needed to be improved

Genetic improvement for dairy cattle breeding Genetic improvement for dairy cattle breeding especially for breeding station such as especially for breeding station such as Baturraden strongly should be supportedBaturraden strongly should be supported

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DAIRY CATTLE MOSTLY LOW PRODUCTIVITY AND REPRODUCTIVITY e.g national average milk production 9 up to 11 liters/head/day, calving interval longer than 14 months,

ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION (AI) THROUGH PROGENY TESTING AND EMBRYO TRANSFER PROGRAM TO PRODUCE NUMBER OF HIGH QUALITY DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING RUN ATTENTIVELY AND NEED TO BE IMPROVED

TECHNOLOGY OF BOVINE SEXING SPERM TECHNOLOGY OF BOVINE SEXING SPERM ?? NEED TO BE NEED TO BE IMPROVED ?, IMPROVED ?, IT IS SOLUTION OR OBSTACLE?IT IS SOLUTION OR OBSTACLE?

CONTINUECONTINUE CONTINUECONTINUE

In Java holding ground for forages dropped, in In Java holding ground for forages dropped, in contrast to out of Java grassland available, but Need contrast to out of Java grassland available, but Need investor?investor?

Farm size mostly (smallholder) very little Farm size mostly (smallholder) very little (3(3 and and 4 4 headsheads//householdhousehold)), capital difficulty, feeds limited, , capital difficulty, feeds limited, farmers income are lowfarmers income are low

Dairy breeding production much less than demand, Dairy breeding production much less than demand, costs for imported breeding dairy expensive, as a costs for imported breeding dairy expensive, as a result : calves replacement do not run smoothly.result : calves replacement do not run smoothly.

National milk production capacity can only fullfill 30% National milk production capacity can only fullfill 30% of national milk consumptionof national milk consumption

Continue…Continue…

Reproductive disorder such Reproductive disorder such BrucelloBrucellosissis, , IBR, BVDIBR, BVD keep appear keep appear, , lead to low calving lead to low calving raterate. . Sub clinical Sub clinical mastitis mastitis cause milk cause milk production dropped (quantity and quality).production dropped (quantity and quality).

Financed capital either Government or Financed capital either Government or financed institutions do not easily run due financed institutions do not easily run due to administrative obstacles.to administrative obstacles.

Dairy milk price discouraged (approx. Rp Dairy milk price discouraged (approx. Rp 2,000/litre), while world market more than 2,000/litre), while world market more than Rp 3,000.Rp 3,000.

1. To increase of farm size 7-10 heads of cows lactation per farmerGovernment provide dairy breeding to selected farmer groups (West Java, East Java and South Sulawesi)

2. To promote and expansion dairy farms out of Java;3. Genetic improvement through strengthening artificial

insemination services (high quality semen, good handling and asparatus support, inseminator training course).

4. Push dairy breeding up through progeny test to produce Indonesia proven dairy bull, to decrease some amount of imported breeding bulls

Efforts to increase production and Efforts to increase production and productivity of dairy cattleproductivity of dairy cattleEfforts to increase production and Efforts to increase production and productivity of dairy cattleproductivity of dairy cattle

Dairy Development StrategyDairy Development Strategy

1. Development of agribusiness farming area with FH Dairy Population

2. Development of dairy farmers institution

3. Optimizing the use of natural and land resource to increase the supply of forage and concentrate raw material, in quantity as well as in quality

4. Dissemination of practical technology and increasing, application of ‘GoodFarming Practices’ for competitiveness in producing high quality milk according to National Standard (SNI)

5. Scheme of Agribusiness Partnership should be developed for the benefit of farmers/farmer group, cooperatives, Milk Processing Industries and other investor as nucleus

6. Scheme of Integrated Crop-Livestock System to improve farmers business to meet economic scale through products differentiation

Beef Cattle Development Programin Indonesia

Increase efficiency and effectiveness of beef cattle farming

1. Increase beef cattle production (red meat) from 72% to 90-95% and decrease import from 28-29% to 5-10%

2. Increase farmer’s income up to Regional Minimum Revenue

3. Increase Conception Rate (CR) from 50-55% to 65-70%

4. Decrease mortality rate from 3-5% to below 3%

5. Decrease productive cow slaughtering

1.Meat demand increase as population growth higher thanbeef cattle production

2. Slaughtering of productive cow is high. Statistic number shows that slaughtering of productive cow 200.000 heads per year.

3.Reproductive disease infection

4. Limited of national budget for supporting beef cattle farming to economic scale and increasing farmer’s welfare

5.Human resourcesa. Low of farmer’s knowledge on Feed &

reproductive technology local resources not yet utilized

optimally long period of calving interval

b. Low of accessibility farmer on credit from financial institution such as Bank

Cross Breeding issues: e.g. between Bos Taurus and Bos Indicus To produce terminal cross F1? F2? F3? Or To create a new breed? How to control those activity in the field? The mating system need to be controlled

How Bali cattle and others local cattle (Indonesia native cattle) could be improved in term of quality of genetics?

1. Establish breeding center based on pasture, estate crops, and local resources of feed

2. Revitalize capacity building and human resourcesof extension worker

3. Improve and provide infrastructure

4. Financial support

5. Improve technology application in reproduction, production, feed and animal health

INFLUENCE FACTORS

1. Cow Procurements

2. Management improvement

3. Strengthening capacity building

4. Supporting budget

5. Infrastructures

6. Commitment of stakeholders

1. Increasing population : through Intensifying of Artificial Insemination, utilizing ex import cow and handling of reproductive

disease

2. Prevention of slaughtering productive cow :through monitoring slaughtering cow in Slaughtering House and application of revolving system

3. Increasing meat production :through fattening, crossbreeding and improvement of farming system

4. Feeding development : through providing of technology applications, utilizing

of agriculture and agro-industry waste, and optimizing utilization of local forage

5. Developing ruminant farming area:Ranch, KUNAK, Development of Integrated Area (PITU)

6. Improving animal health services:Decrease mortality number and increase birth number

7. Providing animal product with Secure, Healthy,Wholesome and meet Halal requirement (ASUH)

8. Strengthening of capacity building : Coorporate Farming, colony confinement, human resources and technology

9. Developing equipment and machine :Development of equipment and machine for ruminant farming and manure processing

10. Stimulating private partnership (core-plasma system)

11. Increasing farming scale: Facilitate budgeting, private cooperation and others farming model

12. Establishing application of ruminant farming information system

NO.NO. FARMING FARMING MODELMODEL

POTENCPOTENCYY

YEAR & FARMER GROUPSYEAR & FARMER GROUPS

20062006 20072007 20082008 20092009 20102010

1.1. PASTUREPASTURE 22 77 1414 2222 3030 3838

2.2. INTEGRATION INTEGRATION OFOF

BEEF CATTLE-BEEF CATTLE-CERNEL PALM CERNEL PALM OILOIL

44 112112 227227 345345 467467 593593

3.3. INTEGRATION INTEGRATION OFOF

BEEF CATTLE-BEEF CATTLE-PADDYPADDY

66 210210 426426 648648 876876 1.1121.112

4.4. INTEGRATION INTEGRATION OFOF

BEEF CATTLE-BEEF CATTLE-CORNCORN

33 140140 284284 432432 584584 742742

1. PRODUCTION CENTER

East Java, Central Java, South Sulawesi, West Sumatera, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, NAD, South Sumatera, Lampung and South East Sulawesi

2. DEVELOPING CENTER

North Sumatera, Bengkulu, Jambi, Riau, South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan,West Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, Gorontalo and Central Kalimantan

3. SUPPORTING AREA FOR BEEF CATTLE PRODUCTION

Other provinces

BUFFALO BREEDINGBUFFALO BREEDING

BUFFALO DOMINATEDBUFFALO DOMINATED BY SWAMP BUFFALOBY SWAMP BUFFALO

SMALL NUMBER OF MURRAH BUFFALO FOUND IN NORTH SMALL NUMBER OF MURRAH BUFFALO FOUND IN NORTH

SUMATERASUMATERA

BREEDING BUFFALO ALMOST THROUGH NATURAL MATING, BREEDING BUFFALO ALMOST THROUGH NATURAL MATING,

TRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT, LOW INPUTTRADITIONAL MANAGEMENT, LOW INPUT

GOVERNMENT BUFFALO BREEDING CENTRE LOCATED GOVERNMENT BUFFALO BREEDING CENTRE LOCATED

SIBORONG-BORONG NORTH SUMATERA SIBORONG-BORONG NORTH SUMATERA

ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION FOR BUFFALO IN TRIAL TEST ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION FOR BUFFALO IN TRIAL TEST

ALREADY DONE IN WEST SUMATERAALREADY DONE IN WEST SUMATERA

GOAT AND SHEEP BREEDING

GOAT AND SHEEP ARE WIDESPREAD COMMODITY, AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION IN PROVIDING MEAT AND QURBAN (ANIMAL FOR SACRIFIED) CAN NOT BE IGNORED

BODY SIZE MATURE GOAT AND SHEEP STILL SMALL AND CAN NOT FULL FILL MINIMUM STANDARD REQUIRED TO PENETRATE THE MIDDLE EAST MARKET

NOW BESIDES LOCAL MARKET, ONLY MALAYSIA’S MARKET FOR GOAT CONTINUED

CROSSING BETWEEN LOCAL GOAT (PERANAKAN ETAWAH) AND BOER GOAT (CALLED “BOERAWA”) STRONGLY REQUESTED ESPECIALLY IN CENTRAL JAVA, EAST JAVA, LAMPUNG AND SOUTH SULAWESI

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HOW TO DEVELOP A COMPOSITE HOW TO DEVELOP A COMPOSITE BREEDING SHEEP THROUGH BREEDING SHEEP THROUGH INTEGRATED SYSTEM e.g PALM OILINTEGRATED SYSTEM e.g PALM OIL ESTATE ?ESTATE ?

HOW TO BREED SHEEP HAIRNESS (WITHOUTHOW TO BREED SHEEP HAIRNESS (WITHOUT WOLL) THROUGH BREEDING PROGRAM UNDERWOLL) THROUGH BREEDING PROGRAM UNDER TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT?TROPICAL ENVIRONMENT?

HOW TO INCREASE GARUT SHEEP GENETIC IN HOW TO INCREASE GARUT SHEEP GENETIC IN TERM OF BODY SIZETERM OF BODY SIZE ? ?

NATIONAL LIVESTOCK BREEDING POLICYNATIONAL LIVESTOCK BREEDING POLICYNATIONAL LIVESTOCK BREEDING POLICYNATIONAL LIVESTOCK BREEDING POLICY

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE REGULATION 36 /2006 : NATIONALLIVESTOCK BREEDING SYSTEM;

INDONESIAN STANDARDIZATION FOR DAIRY CATTLE : FRISIAN HOLSTEIN (FH/BLACK AND WHITE) - SNI 01-2735-1992 (UNDER REVISED);

TECHNICAL GUIDELINES : PROGENY TESTING FOR DAIRY CATTLE; GOOD BREEDING FOR DAIRY CATTLE; RECORDING FOR DAIRY CATTLE (UNDER

REVISED);

BREEDING STRUCTURE : - FOUNDATION STOCK (> 6,000 KGS MILK PROD/LACTATION PERIODE)- BREEDING STOCK ( 5,000 – 6,000 KGS)- COMMERCIAL STOCK (4,000 - 5,000 KGS).

DAIRY CATTLE FARMER MOSTLY USE ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION SERVICES, SEMEN PRODUCED BY SINGOSARI AI CENTER AND LEMBANG AI CENTER

MANY OTHERS RELATED

QUANTITATIVE INDONESIA STANDARDIZATION REQUIREMENT FOR GARUT SHEEP BREEDING (UNDER REVISED)

NONOPARAMETERPARAMETER MALEMALE FEMALEFEMALE

11 BIRTH WEIGHT, KGBIRTH WEIGHT, KG 2.752.75 2.352.35

22 WEANING WEIGHT, KGWEANING WEIGHT, KG 11.50 11.50 9.10 9.10

33 MATUREBODY WEIGHT , KGMATUREBODY WEIGHT , KG 57.74 57.74 36.89 36.89

44 BODY LENGTH, CMBODY LENGTH, CM 63.41 63.41 56.37 56.37

55 CHEST GIRTH , CMCHEST GIRTH , CM 88.73 88.73 77.41 77.41

66 HEIGHT, CMHEIGHT, CM 74.34 74.34 65.61 65.61

77 CHEST WIDE, CMCHEST WIDE, CM 22.08 22.08 16.04 16.04

88 CHEST DEPTH, CMCHEST DEPTH, CM 35.00 35.00 34.1534.15

99 AVER.DAILY GAIN, GRAVER.DAILY GAIN, GR 70 – 120 70 – 120 60 - 12060 - 120

10 10 WEANING AGE, DAYSWEANING AGE, DAYS 102 102 102102

Quantitatively Indonesia standardization requirement for FH cow breeding

(under revised)

No Parameter Unit Qualification

1 Age Months

15 – 20

2 Height, at least

Cm 115

3 Body weight

Kg 300

4 Chest girth, at least

Cm 155

5 Feather colour

- Black white/ red white reffer to dairy cattle

6 Mamae - - cimetryc - no hanging- amount 4 teats - normal teats form bentuk

7 Horn - Dehorning

8 Others - - No freemartin - Based on milk and quality production dam.

Quantitatively indonesia FH cow milk production specification

(under revised)

No Catagories Milk prod.Dam (305 days) per lactation

1

Sire’s dam 305

days Mature

Fat contents

1 Foundation stock

>6.000 kg >7.000 kg

> 3,5 %

2 Breediing stock

>5.000 kg-6.000

kg

>6.000 kg

> 3,5 %

3 Commercial stock

>4.000 kg-5.000

kg

>5.000 kg

> 3,5 %

NoParamet

erUnits Candidate bull Proven bull

1 Age at least

months 18 60

2 Height at least

Cm 134 150

3 Body weight at least

Kg 480 700

4 Scrotum girth

cm 32 42

5 Colour - Black white/red white putih in line charateristic of dairy cattle

Black white/red white putih in line charateristic of dairy cattle

6 Others - - owned identification cart- owned pedigree

- Breeding value for milk production and fat

Quantitative standardization FH candidate and proven bull (under revised)