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Renewable Energy Summit

Cebu CityMarch 7-8, 2011

POLICY PROPOSALS FOR

COMMUNITY BASEDRENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEMS

(CBRES)

IN THE PHILIPPINES


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There is a strong correlation

between the levels of energy and

poverty in many rural and urban

poor communities in the country --UNDP study entitled Regional Energy

Programme for Poverty Reduction (REP-

PoR)

Philippines.


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value addition to production remains

limited and resource potentials largelyuntapped due to lack of energy inputs.

Lack of post-harvest facilities continuesto decrease potential income from

production by substantial amount.

Livelihood opportunities continue to be

scarce and limited as a result.


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Residents in far-flungcommunities continue to

manually fetch water for

potable uses from remote

sources, because of lack of

energy inputs to delivery

water supply.

In many areas, lack of

water supply for irrigation

is a main cause of low

productivity, and many

lands left to remain idle.


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Women in indigenousareas continue tomanually pound rice fordaily needs, taking away

time for productive andreproductive activities.

Without appropriate fuelfor cooking, women andother members of thehousehold continue tospend time to gather

fuelwood from surroundingareas thus lessening theiravailability to engage inproductive andreproductive activities.


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Children are affected directly or

indirectly with the lack of

appropriate energy services or

continuous exposure tosubstandard lighting and

ventilation that impairs their

ability to learn.


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Energy fuels

productive activities,

including agriculture,

commerce,manufacture and

industry.

Energy services

meanwhile are crucial

input to the primary

development challenge ofproviding food, water,

sanitation, medical care,

schooling and access to

information.


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There is none in the law to

provide communities with

sufficient choices in accessing

appropriate (adequate,

affordable, reliable, safe and

environmentally benign) energy

services to support economicand human development.


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MainBasis of

Policy

Proposal

Community-based

renewable energy

systems have been

established in many off-grid villages and

barangays in the country

since the 90s.


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For over a decade now, microhydro, hydraulic ram

pumps, wind systems, biomass-fired systems have been

developed and used for community and householdutilization, by community or peoples organizations with

the support of NGOs and LGUs.

These systems are operated, managed and sustained by

community organizations. These have generated

impacts that lead to poverty reduction: power for

lighting households, schools and communities, for

milling grain, for delivering water supply to farms and

households, for driving equipment to process and drycrops, and for cooking.


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Community-based

Microhydro power

(MHP) systems for

driving production andpostharvest equipment

and for household and

village electrification.

Hydraulic ram

pumps for water

pumping to serve

household needs or

small farm irrigation.


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Photovoltaic systems for water

pumping and household

electrification and

communication facilities.

Solar passive systems for

households, crop drying (fruits

and vegetables), rural clinics and

schools.


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Biogas utilizes human and animal

manure, leaves, twigs, grasses,

crop stalks, garbage, and some

agricultural and industrial wastes

to produce biogas. The

technology became an effective

pollution control system and agood source of energy for cooking

and for power/electricity

generation;


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Small wind power systems for

driving water pumping and

battery-charging for household

electrification.

Hybrid systems or mix of hydro,

wind, solar and/or biomass

systems for electrification needs

of villages.


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Many NGOs and POs in

partnership with LGUs have

initiated the above work in

remote villages to gain field

experience in planning for the

energy needs of a ruralcommunity and finding

sustainable solutions to meet

these needs -- with poverty

reduction as the driving force.

The primaryplayers: NGOs

and POs with

support by

LGUs


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KASBAKAS and the Datalnay Project


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The wealth of experience gained from morethan 20 years of association with the rural

people by these front-line organizationsworking closely or independently withgovernment agencies, therefore are veryimportant for everyone involved in the field

of rural energy and development. Theexperiences are noteworthy for variousprojects and unique site-specific energysystems with strong poverty/energy linkages

using e.g. microhydro and biomasstechnologies, displacing, avoiding orreducing diesel generation and petroleumfuels in typical rural villages.


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The experiences are not restricted to technology

dissemination, but have a wider developmental

perspective encompassing the socio-cultural and

local institutional aspects in technology design and

application, program planning, monitoring, and

evaluation.

The approach, therefore, does not dwell much on

the technologies, but on the processes that make

these technologies work and be sustained in rural

areas, which are often overlooked by planners andpolicy makers.


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Policy Proposals


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Recognize and support the development ofcommunity-based RE systems (CBRES), as onedelivery mechanism to address the energy-poverty

gap in remote and rural poor areas.

The proposal to develop CBRES stems from the needto develop local community involvement in meetingenergy-poverty agenda, to promote roles of localstakeholders as both managers and resource

providers of local energy needs.The involvement ofcommunities through CBRES will bring the energy-poverty agenda to the social dimension of basicservices, and will tap local or community capacity tobe self-reliant and productive.

Further, the establishment of CBRES accepts theintegration of full community social acceptabilityand preparation as basic requirements of energydevelopment.

PolicyProposal #1


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The CBRES is a community-

based approach by organizedcommunities to manage and

own the power plant, and

direct its purpose for

community development. This

organization may be linked to

agencies and entities who can

be their project partners.

What is CBRES?


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Generally poor areas,including off-grid areas

within the rural areas consistthe main target of CBRES. Itis in these areas wherepoverty rate for the rural

population is highest in thecountry, and decreases moreslowly compared to theurban population, thus

where socio-economicdevelopment should really befocused.

Which are thetargets of CBRES

projects?


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The promotion of comprehensive rural

development and encouragement of non-

governmental, community-based, or sectoral

organizations in the promotion of CBRES.

The NGOs and POs are to be recognized as vital

links in the decentralization of access to energy,

and are capable to perform projectdevelopment, initiation of innovative

approaches and technologies, resource

mobilization, capacity building, and operations.

The establishment of CBRES invokes the right to

development of and recognition of roles of

women, indigenous people, and all other

underprivileged in society.

PolicyProposal

#2


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Uphold renewable energy andsustainabledevelopment tocomprise the basic mix in energy

policy for poor communities,which is realizable throughCBRES.

Renewable energy technology is

concluded to be a viablealternative to grid electricity inremote barangays.

Sustainable energy development

recognizes the primary role ofcommunities in the managementof their resources.

PolicyProposal

#3


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The integration of gender

concerns as basic in CBRESdevelopment. Participation,

access to technology and

concrete benefits to women

will be key indicators for

monitoring of the success of

CBRES projects.

PolicyProposal

#4


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The local government

should be mandated to aidin CBRES development

consistent with the policy

of decentralization of

energy services to reach

the remaining

unelectrified and unserved

areas and unenergizedcommunities.

PolicyProposal

#5


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The LGU will be mandated

to allocate resources for the

CBRES, through ordinances

and budget allocation; and

help ensure the

sustainability of the CBRES

projects.


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The establishment of CBRESshall directly address andencourage productiveapplications of renewableenergy, i.e., CBRES shall beplanned or aimed to

immediately link tocommunity-based ordecentralized energy-basedentrepreneurship for

developing rural areas gearedtoward poverty alleviationand gender equity.

PolicyProposal

#6


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We propose for theestablishment of a CBRES

Fund to meet the

appropriate financingneeds for energy services

for poverty reduction.

PolicyProposal

#7


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Support to research and

development for CBRES.

This can directly encourageresearch and development

and innovation -- to

improve the designs for

increased efficiency and

responsiveness to

multifarious needs of rural

development.

PolicyProposal

#8


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Recognize CBRES as

primary energy adaptation

and mitigation mechanismto climate change.

Policy

Proposal #9


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Daghang Salamat PADAYON!

policy proposals for community-based renewable energy systems sibat

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