politecnico di milano 19-20 gennaio 20061 airports: research activities in support of policy...

Politecnico di MilanoPolitecnico di Milano19-20 Gennaio 200619-20 Gennaio 2006 11

AIRPORTS:AIRPORTS:

Research Activities in support of Research Activities in support of Policy InitiativesPolicy Initiatives

Presented byPresented by

Cesare BernabeiCesare Bernabei

Directorate General for Energy and TransportEuropean Commission

22

ContentsContents

• The Air Transport SystemThe Air Transport System

• Aviation Policy GuidelinesAviation Policy Guidelines

• The Single European Sky & EASAThe Single European Sky & EASA

• Airport R&D Activities at DG-TRENAirport R&D Activities at DG-TREN

• VideoVideo

• From Research to PolicyFrom Research to Policy

• The Way Forward The Way Forward

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ContentsContents





• VideoVideo




The Air Transport SystemThe Air Transport System

Is growing steadily since the last ten years Is growing steadily since the last ten years and it is expected to do so…and it is expected to do so…

……despite the 9/11 event…despite the 9/11 event…

for the next twenty years will keep on for the next twenty years will keep on growinggrowing


Typical summer daily traffic Typical summer daily traffic 20032003


Typical summer daily traffic Typical summer daily traffic 20252025

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ContentsContents





• VideoVideo


• The Way ForwardThe Way Forward


Aviation Policy GuidelinesAviation Policy Guidelines

Transport White Paper for 2010 • Integrated ATC• Single European Sky• Regulatory Framework• Airport Capacity• Environmental Impact• Multimodality• European Aviation Safety Agency



Vision 2020

Five-fold reduction in accidents 80% cut in NOx emissions Halving perceived aircraft noise ATC handling 16 million flights a year 50% cut in CO2 emissions per pass-Km 99% of all flights within 15 minutes



The Policy and Research Guidelines have lead to

Single European Sky & SESAR

EASA

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ContentsContents





• VideoVideo




European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA)

In 2002 Establishment of EASA

The mission:

•high, uniform level of civil aviation safety and environmental protection; •free movement of goods, persons and services; •cost efficiency in the regulatory and certification processes; •assisting Member States in fulfilling ICAO obligations; •promoting world-wide Community views



In 2005, 1st Extension of EASA Competencies submitted by the EC

Concerning:

• Air Operations

• Pilot Licensing



In 2006, 2nd Extension of EASA Competencies

Concerning:

• Air Navigation

• Airport Operations


The Single European Sky InitiativeThe Single European Sky Initiative

Through its Regulations onThrough its Regulations on

Organisation and Use of the AirspaceOrganisation and Use of the Airspace

Provision of Air Navigation ServicesProvision of Air Navigation Services

Interoperability of the European Air Traffic Interoperability of the European Air Traffic Management Network Management Network

will provide the frame for the Airspacewill provide the frame for the Airspace



While the new regulations on the airspace provide While the new regulations on the airspace provide a more efficient system, the airports will become a more efficient system, the airports will become the real bottle-neck for aviation.the real bottle-neck for aviation.


Single European Sky: SESAR ProgrammeSingle European Sky: SESAR Programme

SESAR aims toTriple the European ATM CapacityImprove Safety by a factor of 10Reduce Environmental Impact by 10%Contribute €50 Billion to Economy GrowthGenerate 200.000 Highly Qualified Jobs

SESAR Definition Phase, from 2005 to 2007, for 60 M€involves forty Companies



In order to increase the actual ‘runway’ capacity in In order to increase the actual ‘runway’ capacity in Europe, there are three options:Europe, there are three options:

• enlarge, build new airportsenlarge, build new airports

• better use of existing ones, including regional better use of existing ones, including regional airportairport

• improve the efficiency and management at improve the efficiency and management at existing airportsexisting airports



While While

• the first solution is very difficult to achieve due to costs and the first solution is very difficult to achieve due to costs and long-term planning, long-term planning, (enlarge/ build new airports)(enlarge/ build new airports)

• the second is certainly being exploited wherever possible, the second is certainly being exploited wherever possible, but with certain conditions but with certain conditions (regional airports)(regional airports)

• the third one, if properly implemented, could be applied at the third one, if properly implemented, could be applied at any airport and, comparatively will be cost-effective and any airport and, comparatively will be cost-effective and time-saving time-saving (improve efficiency & management)(improve efficiency & management)

•So…So…


What can Research do in order to What can Research do in order to help Policy to establish effective help Policy to establish effective

regulations for a regulations for a

•safe, safe,

•efficient efficient andand

•environmentally friendlyenvironmentally friendly

Air Traffic ManagementAir Traffic Management at at airports?airports?

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• VideoVideo




Is the flight endedIs the flight ended

whenwhen

the aircraft has landed?the aircraft has landed?


Final A

pproach report (from

Surveillance)

Landing report(from

Surveillance)

Apron entrance report(from

Surveillance)

Final Approach Rwy Twy Apron

Gate / S

tand

Runw

ay safety area

Groundcontroller

Aproncontroller

Tower controllerApproach controller

Aircraft sequenced

(from A

rrival Manager)

30 minutes

before touch down

Landingclearance

Taxiclearance

ACC

Exitproposal

Final Phases of FlightFinal Phases of Flight


Approach and Landing OperationsApproach and Landing Operations

Airport Surface OperationsAirport Surface Operations

Airports Air-side and Land-side Airports Air-side and Land-side OptimisationOptimisation

RESEARCH AREASRESEARCH AREAS



Integration ofIntegration of … …

•ArrivalArrival

•DepartureDeparture

•Ground Movement Ground Movement

……planning systemsplanning systems





The results obtained from these activities provide the basis for an optimised flow of traffic but

requires that all the functions are well coordinated

Basis for all CDM applications


Airports Air-side and Land-side Airports Air-side and Land-side OptimisationOptimisation


Through the modelling of all the operations both by the air-side and by the land-side, we have created a user-friendly tool to assess the necessary developments and the impact of new installations


Airport Surface OperationsAirport Surface Operations


It is in this area where major achievements have been obtained in order to support major improvements in airport operations and in its management


Final A

pproach report (from

Surveillance)

Landing report(from

Surveillance)

Apron entrance report(from

Surveillance)

Final Approach Rwy Twy Apron

Gate / S

tand

Runw

ay safety area

Groundcontroller

Aproncontroller

Tower controllerApproach controller

Aircraft sequenced

(from A

rrival Manager)

30 minutes

before touch down

Landingclearance

Taxiclearance

ACC

Exitproposal

Final Phases of FlightFinal Phases of Flight


Let’s take a mid-size airportLet’s take a mid-size airport

3131

PraguePrague

RuzyneRuzyne

AirportAirport


Control Control TowersTowers


From the Control TowerFrom the Control Tower

On a bright dayOn a bright day


From the Control TowerFrom the Control Tower

On a foggy dayOn a foggy day


What the controller What the controller do in such conditions?do in such conditions?

Pick up the R/T and Pick up the R/T and call the aircraftcall the aircraft

However now the However now the technology can assist technology can assist him/her in the jobhim/her in the job


The Ground ControllerThe Ground Controller

Day, Day, night, in night, in

fogfog

or...or...


The Ground Controller must…The Ground Controller must…

Survey

Control

Plan

&

Guide


Research & Development Activities at Research & Development Activities at DG-TRENDG-TREN

Since 1994, the Directorate for Transport Since 1994, the Directorate for Transport together with DG-RTD and DG-INFSOtogether with DG-RTD and DG-INFSO

has supported R&D Activities in the field of has supported R&D Activities in the field of

A-SMGCSA-SMGCS or or

Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control SystemsControl Systems


The requirementsThe requirements

““An An Advanced Surface Movement Guidance Advanced Surface Movement Guidance and Control Systemand Control System (A-SMGCS) is (A-SMGCS) is expected to provide adequate expected to provide adequate capacitycapacity and and safetysafety in relation to the specific in relation to the specific weather conditionsweather conditions, , traffic densitytraffic density and and aerodrome layoutaerodrome layout by use of by use of modern modern technologiestechnologies and a and a high level of high level of integrationintegration between the various between the various functionalityfunctionality.”.”11

1: ICAO – A-SMGCS MANUAL –Doc 9830 2004, 1st 1: ICAO – A-SMGCS MANUAL –Doc 9830 2004, 1st Ed.Ed.


GroundGround

ControllerController

AircraftAircraft

VehiclesVehiclesObstaclesObstacles

SurveillanceSurveillance ControlControlRouting/Routing/

PlanningPlanningGuidanceGuidance

A-SMGCSA-SMGCS

ATC SystemsATC Systems Airport SystemsAirport Systems Airline SystemsAirline SystemsExternal SystemsExternal Systems

The A-SMGCS EnvironmentThe A-SMGCS Environment


Demonstrator’s Functional Architecture

Controller HMI

Controller

Planning/routing

Monitoring/Control

Surveillance

Other planning

Traffic Objects Pilot HMI

Guidance

Flight plans

Sensors

Guidance means

Pilot

AIRPORT-G

ARAMIS

MANTEA

MANTEA

DAFUSA

MANTEA

DAFUSA

AIRPORT-G

ATHOS

DA VINCI


Surveillance

An adequate set of Sensors

provides the controller with a complete knowledge of all movements including identification of any object


Surveillance DisplaySurveillance Display

Controller Controller Working Working PositionPosition


Control

Provides the controller with an alert in events like

• crossing runways

• restricted areas incursion

• separation criteria infringement


Control

Runway Runway Incursion Incursion

AlertAlert


On-board guidance tested through:

•Guidance aid response time

•clearance from CWP displayed at the onboard HMI

•taxi route given by CWP displayed at the onboard HMI

External guidance tested through:

•External panels

Guidance


On-board GuidanceOn-board Guidance

External GuidanceExternal Guidance


• Electronic Flight Strips

• Routing

• Co-ordination Arrival / Ground

Movement / Departure

Planning


The A-SMGCS Concept has been The A-SMGCS Concept has been proven and tested within theproven and tested within the

•DEFAMM project in the 4th FPDEFAMM project in the 4th FP

1995-19981995-1998

•BETA project in the 5th FPBETA project in the 5th FP

1999-20021999-2002

•EMMA 1 & 2 project in the 6th FPEMMA 1 & 2 project in the 6th FP

2003-20062003-2006


DEFAMM ProjectDEFAMM Project

Demonstrated the validity of the A-SMGCS Demonstrated the validity of the A-SMGCS Concept testing various equipment at the Concept testing various equipment at the airports ofairports of

•Köln/ BonnKöln/ Bonn

•Orly ParisOrly Paris

•BraunschweigBraunschweig

•BergamoBergamo


BETA ProjectBETA Project

in the 5th Framework Programmein the 5th Framework Programme

Tested three configurations at the airports Tested three configurations at the airports ofof

•PraguePrague

•HamburgHamburg

•BraunschweigBraunschweig


EMMA 1 ProjectEMMA 1 Project

Assess the Surveillance and Control Functions Assess the Surveillance and Control Functions Requirements testing at three European Requirements testing at three European airportsairports

• Prague RuzinePrague Ruzine

• Milan MalpensaMilan Malpensa

• Toulouse BlagnacToulouse Blagnac


EMMA 2 ProjectEMMA 2 Project

Assess and Test Guidance and Planning Assess and Test Guidance and Planning Functions Requirements, using equipped Functions Requirements, using equipped scheduled flight aircraft scheduled flight aircraft

• Prague RuzinePrague Ruzine

• Milan MalpensaMilan Malpensa

• Toulouse BlagnacToulouse Blagnac

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• VideoVideo



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ContentsContents





• VideoVideo




How these technical achievements How these technical achievements can support Policy?can support Policy?


Final assessment of ICAO A-SMGCS European Manual Final assessment of ICAO A-SMGCS European Manual

Common baseline for Airport Authorities on airport Common baseline for Airport Authorities on airport systems to ensure safe and efficient operationssystems to ensure safe and efficient operations

A yardstick, to assess actual capacity at an airport A yardstick, to assess actual capacity at an airport and the level of safetyand the level of safety

Research support to PolicyResearch support to Policy


Further more...Further more...

Assessment of actual capacity, makes it possible to Assessment of actual capacity, makes it possible to evaluate future expansions and their impact on the evaluate future expansions and their impact on the environment environment

Allocation of responsibilities, permit to assess causes Allocation of responsibilities, permit to assess causes of an accident or of delaysof an accident or of delays

More realistic slot allocation can be implementedMore realistic slot allocation can be implemented

Ultimately a better Ultimately a better Quality of ServiceQuality of Service can be offered to passengerscan be offered to passengers


September 2003September 2003

at the ICAO Air Navigation Conferenceat the ICAO Air Navigation Conference

Research support to PolicyResearch support to Policy

October 2004

At the ICAO General Assembly

December 2005

At ICAO EANPG

6060

ContentsContents




• Airport R&D Activities at DG-TREN Airport R&D Activities at DG-TREN

• VideoVideo




The Way forwardThe Way forward

A sound knowledge of the mechanisms forms the A sound knowledge of the mechanisms forms the basis for a good regulationbasis for a good regulation

The support by Member States is necessary to The support by Member States is necessary to implement common rules and operationsimplement common rules and operations

The recognition by ICAO gives the platform for a The recognition by ICAO gives the platform for a worldwide implementationworldwide implementation

So...So...


European Commission Regulations onEuropean Commission Regulations on

These results are a sound basis for These results are a sound basis for

Airport CapacityAirport Capacity

EASA ExtensionEASA Extension

Slot AllocationSlot Allocation


http://publications.eu.int/index_en.htmlhttp://publications.eu.int/index_en.html

http://publications.eu.int/cordis/bfb81f0a-983a-a7a5-a1f883c55a62bb53_en.html

http://europa.eu.int/comm/transport/air/single_sky/financial/http://europa.eu.int/comm/transport/air/single_sky/financial/research_en.htmresearch_en.htm

Contact::

[email protected]

Tel. 0032-2-2958149

Web-sites:



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