Political Science Unit #1

Foundations of Government

Unit Essential Question

• What is the relationship between the political culture and experience of a country and form and structure of its government?

Lesson #1

• Purpose of Government

Lesson Essential Question #1

• Why are governments necessary?

Vocabulary

1.Social Contract

2.Government

3.Natural Rights

4.Sovereignty

Why are there governments?

• Take 2 minutes and discuss this question with the person sitting next to you

• Make a list of at least 5 aspects for why there are governments

• Be prepared to share with the class

Social Contract

• John Locke •Thomas Hobbes

Social Contract

• Venn Diagram

•Cornell Notes

Social Contract

• Similarities– English Political Philosophers – Government based on contract– Believed in Natural Law

• 3 God Given Rights: Life, Liberty, Property

Social Contract• Differences

John Locke

•Believe in natural law

•Government based on contract

•People voluntarily give rights to government

•Role of government is to protect the rights of the people

•If government fails to protect rights of people, the people may break the contract get rid of government and replace it

Thomas Hobbes

•Believed in natural law

•Government based on contract

•People involuntarily give up rights to government at birth

•Government has complete control over rights of the people

•Contract cannot be broken

•People are innately violent and without a government there would be chaos

What kind of government does this sound like?

What kind of government does this sound like?

Class work

• Complete John Locke vs. Thomas Hobbes– Read Directions– Read each quote

• Determine whether quote was said by Locke, Hobbes, Both or No Match

– After determining who said each quote, write Locke, Hobbes, Both or No Match

– Extra Credit – If a quote is No Match, write down the name of who actually said the quote.

• Hint – ALL NO MATCHES ARE US PRESIDENTS

Exit Question

• On a piece of paper, answer the question below….

– Throughout history societies have been governed by different forms of government. Why are governments necessary? Explain with details.

Home Work

• Honors – Read Chapter 1 Sections 1, 3 & 4

• CP – “Who Rules?” Reading

Lesson #2

• Structure and Political Culture

Lesson Question

• How do various societies develop different types of government? – How do differing ideologies and cultural

values influence the various forms of government?

– What are the features of the nation state?

Vocabulary

• Unitary Government

• Federal System

• Confederation

• Parliamentary

• Democracy

• Communism

•Autocracy

•Oligarchy

•Monarchy

•Anarchy

•Ideology

•Theocracy

How do values influence the formation of a government?

• Take 2 minutes and discuss this question with the person sitting next to you

• Make a list of at least 5 values that influence the formation of a government

• Be prepared to share with the class

• Use the information learned in the previous class to help

WHO RULES?

• GO TO “WHO RULES” POWER POINT

Class work

• Read each description of the different governments.

• Use the definitions from earlier in the class period to help match the description with the correct government

• List at least 3 values that are specific to that government

• Describe why these values are connected to that government and the aspects of the nation state

Exit Ticket

• Cultural values have a direct relationship with laws and a countries government. What 5 values do you believe are most important when creating a government? Explain how do they impact a government and the aspects of the nation state.

Homework

• Honors – Read Chapter 2 of textbook

• CP – From King to Constitution Reading

Lesson #3

• American Experience

Lesson Question

• What is the relationship between the political culture and experience of America and the form and structure of its government?

Important Documents • Magna Carta

• Declaration of Independence

• Articles of Confederation

• US Constitution

What do you know?

• Take 2 minutes and discuss the following with a partner. Be sure to individually make a list

• What do you know about the beginnings of the United States of America and the formation of the country and government?

England

• Absolute monarchy

–WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?

–WHY WOULD THIS IDEA LEAD TO A CHANGE IN ENGLAND AND EVENTUALLY TO THE AMERICAN COLONIES?

England

• King John & the Magna Carta

Magna Carta – document established principle of limited government

•Protection against unjust punishment and loss of life, liberty and property except according to law

•Certain taxes could not be levied without popular consent

England• King Henry III & Parliament

– Formation of representative government British Parliament

•House of Lords (Upper)

•aristocracy

•House of Commons (Lower)

•Merchants or property owners

•Glorious Revolution

13 Colonies Unite• Stamp Act

• Boston Massacre

• Boston Tea Party

• NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION

King George III

• 1st Continental Congress– Embargo on

England

• 2nd Continental Congress– Formed colonial

army and navy

Declaration of IndependenceJuly 4, 1776

• Influence of John Locke• 3 parts

– Rights to life, liberty & pursuit of happiness

– Government must rest on consent of the people

– Complaints against King George III

• Video

Video Review Questions

• What pamphlet did Thomas Paine write?

• Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

• What British philosopher’s ideas was the Declaration based on?

• When did Congress approve the Declaration?

• Who was the first to sign the document?

Articles of Confederation• Power remains with independent states• Unicameral legislature (Congress)

– What kind of powers did the articles give the new Congress?

• Make war and peace• Enter into treaties• Raise army and navy• Decide disputes amongst states

• Failures– Could not levy or collect taxes– Could not regulate trade– Could not enforce laws

The Constitutional Convention• Influence of John Locke

• Agreements– Power of national

government divided into three branches

– Limit some powers of states

• Compromises

• Slavery Question

Articles vs. Constitution

Classwork

• Get into groups of 3-4

• Make a list of general complaints about rules against young people– Recess, Cell phone use

Class work• Complaints -

Class work

• Discuss – – WHO makes the rules you don't like?

– WHO decides if they are fair or not?

– HOW does one get them changed?

– WHAT does it mean to be independent from the rules?

– HOW does a group of people declare that they will no longer follow the rules?

Class work• Back into your groups• Groups will be put together to combine ideas. • Each group must have the following

– Leader – Keeps Group on track– Writer – Writes Rough and Final copy– Presenter – Present Declaration to class

• Each Declaration must have the following– Preamble (We hold these truths…)– Indictment of opposition (accusations against…)– Declaring Independence– Conclusion (Signatures)

Class work• To whom would you send your complaints? Why? What reasons

would you give for your decision to write out your complaints? (Preamble)

• What makes you think your complaints are worthwhile? Aren't there good reasons why things are the way they are? Why should things as they are be changed? Would it be possible to summarize the thinking behind your desire for change in a single sentence? (statement of beliefs, or the thinking behind the complaints)

• Is there anything in particular the reader should notice about your complaints? Is there anything you need to keep in mind to make sure your audience understands and appreciates your complaints? What kinds of events inspired your complaints? (the list of complaints)

• Have you already tried to make any changes in the treatment of young people? In what way? (prior attempts to redress grievances)

• Is it possible to say in a single sentence what it is you really want to happen? It would take time to change the system to accommodate all of your complaints. What should happen right away? (declaration of independence)

• Who would be willing to sign his/her name to this list of complaints even if it were going to be seen and read by many people? (the signatures)

Exit Ticket

• America is known as the “birth place” for Democracy. Do you agree or disagree? Cite at least 2 specific examples from today’s lesson.

Homework

Complete Study Guide

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