politics, immigration, and urban life chapter 15
TRANSCRIPT
Politics, Immigration, and Urban LifePolitics, Immigration, and Urban Life
Chapter 15Chapter 15
Section 1Section 1
• Gilded AgeGilded Age• Termed by who for what purpose?Termed by who for what purpose?• Meaning?Meaning?• Who was this a golden period for? Describe.Who was this a golden period for? Describe.
Laissez-faireLaissez-faire
The United States faced great challenges as it The United States faced great challenges as it emerged from Reconstruction. emerged from Reconstruction. Describe Describe
Businesses operated without government Businesses operated without government regulation. regulation. Describe the approach and who developed the Describe the approach and who developed the
term.term. Many people supported government involvement Many people supported government involvement
when it benefited them. when it benefited them. Give an exampleGive an example
Spoils SystemSpoils System
Describe this system.Describe this system.
Opposing Political PartiesOpposing Political Parties Democratic and Republican parties had roughly the same number of Democratic and Republican parties had roughly the same number of
supporters. supporters. differed greatly-supporters and issues.differed greatly-supporters and issues.
RepublicansRepublicans Who did they appeal to? Who did they appeal to? Where were they strongest?Where were they strongest? Favored? Favored?
Democratic Party Democratic Party Who did they appeal to? Who did they appeal to? Where were they strongest?Where were they strongest? Favored? Favored?
Hayes Fights the Spoils SystemHayes Fights the Spoils System After his election in 1877, Rutherford B. Hayes refused to After his election in 1877, Rutherford B. Hayes refused to
follow spoils system. follow spoils system. What actions did he take?What actions did he take?
Garfield's Term Cut ShortGarfield's Term Cut Short James A. Garfield, an Ohio congressman and ally of the Half-James A. Garfield, an Ohio congressman and ally of the Half-
Breeds, won the party's presidential nomination.Breeds, won the party's presidential nomination. ((Half-BreedsHalf-Breeds, who followed Senator James G. Blaine of , who followed Senator James G. Blaine of
Maine, hoped to reform the spoils system while remaining Maine, hoped to reform the spoils system while remaining loyal to the party.) loyal to the party.) were a political faction of the United were a political faction of the United States Republican Party in the late 19th century.States Republican Party in the late 19th century.
Pendleton Civil Service ActPendleton Civil Service Act
Upon James Garfield's death who Upon James Garfield's death who became V.P.? became V.P.? Describe what he reformed and an act Describe what he reformed and an act
introduced.introduced.
Democrats Take PowerDemocrats Take Power
Who became first Democratic Who became first Democratic President in 1856?President in 1856? Favored ?Favored ? Supported ?Supported ?
Regulating RailroadsRegulating Railroads 18691869
Railroad regulation had begun in 1869, when ?Railroad regulation had begun in 1869, when ? What was the practice of rebates? What was the practice of rebates? In 1877 the Supreme Court, in Munn v. Illinois, allowed In 1877 the Supreme Court, in Munn v. Illinois, allowed
what? what? As you read in the last chapter, in 1887 Congress As you read in the last chapter, in 1887 Congress
responded by passing the Interstate Commerce Act. responded by passing the Interstate Commerce Act. Remember! The act required that rates be set in Remember! The act required that rates be set in
proportion to the distance traveled and that rates be proportion to the distance traveled and that rates be made public. 1877 Interstate Commerce Act was made public. 1877 Interstate Commerce Act was passedpassed
Depression to ProsperityDepression to Prosperity
Boosted by industrial growth, Boosted by industrial growth, American business grew during the American business grew during the late 1880s to 1890s.late 1880s to 1890s.
Focus on TariffsFocus on Tariffs
Cleveland lost the 1888 presidential Cleveland lost the 1888 presidential election to Republican Benjamin election to Republican Benjamin Harrison.Harrison.
The campaign had focused on ?The campaign had focused on ? Cleveland favored?Cleveland favored? Harrison wanted ?Harrison wanted ?
Harrison's position won him plenty of Harrison's position won him plenty of business support and, ultimately, the business support and, ultimately, the presidency.presidency.
List Harrison's achievements List Harrison's achievements These actions would later damage the economy, and they These actions would later damage the economy, and they
did not help Harrison in the election of 1892.did not help Harrison in the election of 1892.
Cleveland's Second TermCleveland's Second Term What did he campaign for again? What did he campaign for again? A panic hit the country in 1893. What did this begin?A panic hit the country in 1893. What did this begin?
McKinley Wins in 1896 McKinley Wins in 1896 1896, William Jennings Bryan, the presidential candidate of 1896, William Jennings Bryan, the presidential candidate of
the Populists and Democrats, lost to the Republican the Populists and Democrats, lost to the Republican candidate, William McKinley.candidate, William McKinley.
McKinley was supported by urban workers and the middle McKinley was supported by urban workers and the middle class.class.
Section 2 People on the MoveSection 2 People on the Move
1. Why did immigration boom in the late 1800’s?1. Why did immigration boom in the late 1800’s?
2. How did immigrants adjust to life in the U.S2. How did immigrants adjust to life in the U.S..??
The Immigrant ExperienceThe Immigrant Experience
In the late 1800s, people in many In the late 1800s, people in many parts of the world were on the move parts of the world were on the move from farms to cities and from one from farms to cities and from one country to another.country to another.
Immigrants from around the globe Immigrants from around the globe were fleeing crop failures, shortages were fleeing crop failures, shortages of land and jobs, rising taxes, famine, of land and jobs, rising taxes, famine, and escaping religious or political and escaping religious or political persecution.persecution.
Immigrants Hopes and DreamsImmigrants Hopes and Dreams
1860- In U.S resident population was 1860- In U.S resident population was 31.5 million people.31.5 million people.
Between 1865 and 1920 close to how Between 1865 and 1920 close to how many additional people entered the many additional people entered the country?country?
Reasons for immigrationReasons for immigrationI. Push Factors-I. Push Factors- Conditions that drive Conditions that drive
people from their homespeople from their homes describe and give an example.describe and give an example.
Faced hostility from Christian neighbors Faced hostility from Christian neighbors and government. Limited places to and government. Limited places to live. America offered freedom!live. America offered freedom!
II. Pull Factors- conditions that attract II. Pull Factors- conditions that attract immigrants to a new areaimmigrants to a new area
describedescribe
III. The Long VoyageIII. The Long Voyage
A. describe their voyageA. describe their voyage
Arriving in America Arriving in America
Historians estimate that about 10 million Historians estimate that about 10 million immigrants arrived between 1865 and 1890. immigrants arrived between 1865 and 1890.
Where did they come from? Describe the pattern Where did they come from? Describe the pattern change in 1890s.change in 1890s.
Immigrants entered the United Immigrants entered the United States through several port cities. States through several port cities. European newcomers might come European newcomers might come
through Boston, Philadelphia, or through Boston, Philadelphia, or Baltimore. Baltimore.
Asians might enter through San Asians might enter through San Francisco or Seattle. Francisco or Seattle.
Yet more than 70 percent of all Yet more than 70 percent of all immigrants came through where?immigrants came through where?
1892- Europeans arrived in New York City- saw the 1892- Europeans arrived in New York City- saw the Statue of LibertyStatue of Liberty, stopped at , stopped at Ellis IslandEllis Island- where they - where they
had to pass a medical inspectionhad to pass a medical inspection
Where Immigrants SettledWhere Immigrants Settled Once settled, immigrants looked for work.Once settled, immigrants looked for work. When jobs were scarce, employers (many When jobs were scarce, employers (many
of whom were immigrants themselves) of whom were immigrants themselves) took advantage of the newcomers. took advantage of the newcomers. paid less (women even less than the men)paid less (women even less than the men)
GhettosGhettos
Define.Define. Why did they chose to live like this? Why did they chose to live like this? Restricted covenants were what? How did they Restricted covenants were what? How did they
come in to play?come in to play?
Immigrants From AsiaImmigrants From Asia
Most of the immigrants who entered the United States Most of the immigrants who entered the United States through West Coast ports came from where? Who through West Coast ports came from where? Who formed the largest groups?formed the largest groups?
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 Describe this. What did it state and why was it Describe this. What did it state and why was it
developed?developed?
Japanese RestrictedJapanese Restricted By 1920 some 200,000 Japanese immigrants had arrived in By 1920 some 200,000 Japanese immigrants had arrived in
the United States through West Coast ports. Most Japanese the United States through West Coast ports. Most Japanese settled in the Los Angeles area, and soon they were settled in the Los Angeles area, and soon they were producing a large percentage of southern California's fruits producing a large percentage of southern California's fruits and vegetables.and vegetables. Labor unions and the political leaders who supported Labor unions and the political leaders who supported
them fought to stop Japanese immigration.them fought to stop Japanese immigration. President Theodore Roosevelt reached a compromise with President Theodore Roosevelt reached a compromise with
Japanese officials in 1907. Japanese officials in 1907. describe.describe.
Immigration from MexicoImmigration from Mexico
When the Immigration Restriction Act of 1921 When the Immigration Restriction Act of 1921 limited immigration from Europe and Asia, limited immigration from Europe and Asia, labor shortages again drew Mexicans across labor shortages again drew Mexicans across the border.the border.
1925- Los Angeles largest Spanish speaking 1925- Los Angeles largest Spanish speaking population.population.